Environment-friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material, coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material, a coating and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coatings. According to the invention, the high-temperature-resistant and fire-resistant water-based nano silicon resin is used as a film forming matter, water and isopropanol are used as solvents, and functional fillers such as the insulating filler and the inorganic nanotube heat-insulating filler are combined to be used as coating materials, so that the fire resistance and the heat-insulating property of the coating are improved. The upper surface and / or the lower surface of a metal plate are / is coated with the coating material, the thickness of an obtained coating is not larger than 200 micrometers, the adhesive force is 1-2 grades, the pencil hardness is 6-8 H, and the impact strength is 40-50 kg.cm. The invention breaks through the key technical bottlenecks that the traditional paint has obvious phase separation and organic and inorganic materials are difficult to effectively cooperate, so that the coating integrates the characteristics of high temperature resistance, fire resistance and the like of inorganic components and the advantages of flexibility, strong adhesion and the like of organic components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and more specifically, relates to an environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material, a coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, with their high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and fast charging capabilities, are widely used in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. Electric vehicle battery packs are typically composed of multiple single-cell modules. Mechanical damage, thermal shock, internal short circuits, and prolonged, continuous, and frequent rapid charging in high-temperature environments can all lead to thermal runaway, causing the batteries to emit smoke, catch fire, or even explode, seriously impacting the safety of the equipment.

[0003] High-temperature fireproof and thermal insulation coatings for electric vehicles represent a new demand. Currently, the focus is on improving fireproof coatings for construction. These coatings are primarily intumescent, consisting of a film-forming substance, a carbon source, an acid source, a foaming agent, and fillers. The primary film-forming substance is an organic resin with a high carbon content, such as acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or fluoropolymer. These coatings are also relatively thick. When heated, the heat within the coating is converted, causing the fireproof coating to rapidly expand by dozens to dozens of times, absorbing surrounding heat, effectively preventing high temperatures from penetrating the substrate it protects, achieving fire protection. However, to meet the requirements of miniaturization and lightweighting, new energy vehicles have very compact dimensions, battery compartment modules, and circuit systems, leaving little room for expansion. Furthermore, the sudden increase in volume caused by high-temperature expansion can easily squeeze the battery cells, resulting in incalculable consequences.

[0004] Ceramicable silicone-based composite coating materials have been a research hotspot in recent years. Patent CN111040497A discloses a ceramicizable flame-retardant silicone coating and its preparation method. The ceramicizable silicone coating comprises, by weight, 300 parts of silicone resin, 0-70 parts of reinforcing filler, 0-30 parts of anti-structuring agent, 150-300 parts of special filler, 0-1500 parts of diluent, and 10-30 parts of curing agent. The diluent is ethyl acetate, and the special filler includes one or more of mica, wollastonite, kaolin, powdered glass, asbestos fiber, glass fiber, boron-containing compounds, zinc oxide, hollow glass microspheres, and floating beads. The special filler acts as a bridge, sintering the ash produced by the combustion of silicone rubber and the reinforcing filler to form a ceramic structure that covers the surface of internal components, isolating them from oxygen, insulating them from heat, and preventing the combustion process from spreading to the internal structure, protecting the internal components from direct exposure to high temperatures and combustion environments. However, at high temperatures, ceramic silicone coatings can create holes in the ceramic skeleton due to the volatilization of glass frit. This reduces the density of the ceramic structure and makes it susceptible to burn-through due to thermal shock. Furthermore, these coatings use diluents such as toluene, xylene, and ethyl acetate, making them environmentally unsuitable. Furthermore, their thickness is typically over 1mm. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies and provides an environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material, coating, and preparation method thereof. The coating uses a high-temperature and fire-resistant water-based nano-silicon resin as a film-forming material, combined with functional fillers such as inorganic nanotube heat-insulating fillers to enhance the coating's fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties.

[0006] An environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material comprises the following raw materials, calculated by mass: 100 parts of water-based nano-silicon resin, 2 to 8 parts of reinforcing filler, 6 to 10 parts of insulating filler, 2 to 5 parts of heat-insulating filler, and 0.6 to 1.5 parts of additives; the coating material also comprises a solvent.

[0007] The water-based nano-silicon resin is one of water-based nano-silicon resin, water-based nano-silicon-aluminum hybrid resin and water-based nano-silicon-zirconium hybrid resin.

[0008] The reinforcing filler is at least one of silicon micropowder, barium sulfate and titanium dioxide, wherein the particle size of silicon micropowder is 1μm to 10μm, the particle size of barium sulfate is 300nm to 700nm, and the particle size of titanium dioxide is 200nm to 300nm.

[0009] The insulating filler comprises 2 parts of talc powder with a particle size of 300nm to 500nm and 4 to 8 parts of nano-alumina with a particle size of 100nm to 300nm.

[0010] The thermal insulation filler is at least one of zirconium oxide, inorganic silicate nanotubes and hollow silica microspheres, and comprises, by mass, 1 to 2 parts of zirconium oxide, 0 to 3 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes and 0 to 3 parts of hollow silica microspheres.

[0011] The particle size of the zirconium oxide is 30 nm to 100 nm; the particle size of the hollow silica microspheres is 25 μm to 60 μm.

[0012] The auxiliary agent comprises, by weight, 0.5-1 part of a dispersant and 0.1-0.5 part of a leveling agent.

[0013] The solvent is a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol, with water accounting for 35% and isopropyl alcohol accounting for 5% by mass of the coating material.

[0014] The preparation method of the environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing water-based nano-silicon resin, reinforcing filler, heat-insulating filler, solvent and additive according to parts by mass, and grinding the mixture in a sand mill for 1 to 2 hours.

[0015] Disclosed is an environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating. The coating material is applied to the upper and / or lower surface of a metal plate. The obtained coating has a thickness of no more than 200 μm, an adhesion of level 1 to 2, a pencil hardness of 6H to 8H, and an impact resistance of 40kg·cm to 50kg·cm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention uses a high-temperature-resistant and fire-resistant water-based nano-silicon resin as a film-forming material. The resin is an organic / inorganic hybrid resin. The inorganic and organic components in the resin are tightly combined at the nano or molecular scale. This can break through the key technical bottlenecks of traditional coatings with obvious phase separation and the difficulty of effective coordination between organic and inorganic materials. As a result, the coating combines the high-temperature resistance and fire resistance of inorganic components with the advantages of flexibility and strong adhesion of organic components. The present invention improves the fire resistance and heat insulation performance of the coating by adding functional fillers such as inorganic nanotube insulation fillers. The coating can withstand a flame temperature of 950°C and has good heat insulation performance. If the coating is applied to the upper and lower surfaces of a metal substrate at the same time, when the lower surface is exposed to fire, due to the heat insulation effect of the coating on the surface of the metal substrate, the temperature of the upper surface does not exceed 400°C, and the coating will not crack. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material prepared by the present invention uses water and a small amount of isopropyl alcohol as solvents, which is green and environmentally friendly.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Back temperature curve of the coating prepared in Example 13 of the present invention during ablation.

[0020] Figure 2 TEM morphology images of inorganic silicate nanotubes and hollow silica microspheres: (a) inorganic silicate nanotubes; (b) hollow silica microspheres. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention mainly prepares a fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating on the surface of a rigid substrate by thermal curing, and then improves the fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties of the coating by adjusting the dosage of nano-zirconium oxide, inorganic silicate nanotubes, and hollow silica microspheres, and finally prepares a coating with good fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties.

[0023] The present invention mixes nano-zirconium oxide with inorganic silicate nanotubes or hollow silica microspheres in proportion, and the obtained mixture is used as a heat-insulating filler. Figure 2 (a)) or hollow silica microspheres (such as Figure 2 (b) has a hollow structure (such as an air insulation layer), which can extend the heat transfer path. The nano-zirconia has a small particle size. When combined with the interlayer voids of inorganic silicate nanotubes or the voids between hollow silica microspheres, it further inhibits heat conduction and improves the thermal insulation performance of the coating. In terms of insulation performance, compared with hollow silica microspheres, the layered structure of inorganic silicate nanotubes can effectively block the charge migration path. Its combination with nano-zirconia with high resistivity can reduce internal defects in the coating, forming a uniform and dense structure, and reducing the risk of leakage. The thermal insulation mechanism of inorganic silicate nanotubes is mainly based on their low thermal conductivity silicate lattice structure, nanoscale effects, and multi-scale pore structure. It achieves efficient thermal insulation by enhancing phonon scattering and suppressing air convection and heat conduction. In addition, its unique tubular morphology and chemical composition can reflect infrared radiation and scatter heat flow, while the interfacial thermal resistance in the composite material further reduces the heat transfer efficiency. At high temperatures, the nanotubes can also form a ceramic barrier through endothermic reactions, synergistically improving thermal insulation and flame retardancy. In terms of refractory properties, the phase change toughening effect of nano-zirconia can prevent crack propagation, while the layered structure of inorganic silicate nanotubes disperses thermal stress. The combination of the two can form a dense ceramic protective layer in a high-temperature environment, delaying the erosion of the substrate by flames and high temperatures.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present invention, water-based nano-silicon resin, water-based nano-silicon-aluminum hybrid resin or water-based nano-silicon-zirconium hybrid resin is used as the water-based nano-silicon resin; a mixture of silicon micropowder with a particle size of 1 μm to 10 μm, barium sulfate with a particle size of 300 nm to 700 nm and titanium dioxide with a particle size of 200 nm to 300 nm is used as the reinforcing filler; a mixture of talc powder with a particle size of 300 nm to 500 nm and nano-alumina with a particle size of 100 nm to 300 nm is used as the insulating filler; a mixture of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 30 nm to 100 nm, inorganic silicate nanotubes and hollow silica microspheres with a particle size of 25 μm to 60 μm is used as the thermal insulation filler; a dispersant and a leveling agent are used as auxiliary agents; and water and isopropyl alcohol are used as solvents.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 4 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 1 part of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 30 nm, 1 part of hollow silica microspheres, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water accounting for 35% and the isopropyl alcohol accounting for 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, and then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a coating.

[0027] Example 2:

[0028] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 30 nm, 1 part of hollow silica microspheres, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also comprises water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0029] Example 3:

[0030] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 1 part of hollow silica microspheres, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water accounting for 35% and the isopropyl alcohol accounting for 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, and then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a coating.

[0031] Example 4:

[0032] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 100 nm, 1 part of hollow silica microspheres, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water accounting for 35% and the isopropyl alcohol accounting for 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, and then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a coating.

[0033] Example 5:

[0034] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 2 parts of hollow silica microspheres, 0.8 parts of a dispersant, and 0.3 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water content being 35% and the isopropyl alcohol content being 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0035] Example 6:

[0036] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 3 parts of hollow silica microspheres, 1 part of a dispersant, and 0.5 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0037] Example 7:

[0038] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 1 part of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also comprises water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The coating is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0039] Example 8:

[0040] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 2 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 0.8 parts of a dispersant, and 0.3 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also comprises water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, followed by filtration using a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0041] Example 9:

[0042] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 3 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 1 part of a dispersant, and 0.5 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also comprises water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The coating is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0043] Example 10:

[0044] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of barium sulfate, 2 parts of talc, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 3 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 1 part of a dispersant, and 0.5 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water content being 35% and the isopropyl alcohol content being 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a coating.

[0045] Example 11:

[0046] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of water-based nano-silicone resin, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of barium sulfate, 2 parts of talc, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 3 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 1 part of dispersant, and 0.5 parts of leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water accounting for 35% and the isopropyl alcohol accounting for 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill and ground for 1 to 2 hours, and then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0047] Example 12:

[0048] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silicon-zirconium hybrid resin, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of barium sulfate, 2 parts of talc, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 3 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 1 part of a dispersant, and 0.5 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by weight of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The coating is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0049] Example 13:

[0050] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silicon-zirconium hybrid resin, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of barium sulfate, 2 parts of talc, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 3 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 1 part of a dispersant, and 0.5 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this embodiment also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by weight of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The coating is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0051] Comparative Example 1:

[0052] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-aluminum hybrid resin, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of barium sulfate, 2 parts of talc, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this comparative example also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water content being 35% and the isopropyl alcohol content being 5% by weight of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a coating.

[0053] Comparative Example 2:

[0054] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 12 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of talc, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this comparative example also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by weight of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The mixture is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0055] Comparative Example 3:

[0056] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 6 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this comparative example also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by weight of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The coating is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0057] Comparative Example 4:

[0058] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 12 parts of silica powder, 2 parts of talc, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this comparative example also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by weight of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The coating is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0059] Comparative Example 5:

[0060] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 2 parts of talc, 12 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.5 parts of a dispersant, and 0.1 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this comparative example also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water comprising 35% and the isopropyl alcohol comprising 5% by weight of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours. The mixture is then filtered through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain the coating.

[0061] Comparative Example 6:

[0062] The environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coating material in the embodiment of the present invention includes, by mass, 100 parts of a water-based nano-silica-alumina hybrid resin, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of barium sulfate, 2 parts of talc, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 80 nm, 4 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes, 1 part of a dispersant, and 0.5 parts of a leveling agent. The coating material in this comparative example also includes water and isopropyl alcohol, with the water content being 35% and the isopropyl alcohol content being 5% by mass of the coating material. The above materials are added to a grinding jar, shaken well, placed in a sand mill, and ground for 1 to 2 hours, and then filtered using a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a coating.

[0063] The coatings prepared in Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were applied to the upper surface of a metal plate using the same process, while the coating prepared in Example 13 was applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the metal plate to prepare the corresponding environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coatings. The coatings were sprayed and allowed to dry at room temperature for 10 minutes before being placed in an oven. The temperature was then raised to 160°C and maintained for 30 minutes. The coatings were then cooled naturally to room temperature and removed to obtain environmentally friendly fire-resistant and heat-insulating coatings with a thickness of no more than 200 μm. After curing at room temperature for 7 days, the coatings were tested for their fire resistance and heat insulation properties.

[0064] A homemade device was used to simulate the impact of flame airflow during battery thermal runaway. The temperature changes on the back of the aluminum alloy were recorded by thermocouples to reflect the fireproof and heat-insulating properties of the coating. The sample to be tested was fixed vertically on an iron stand, with the side of the aluminum alloy with the coating facing the spray gun. The distance between the sample and the spray gun nozzle was adjusted to 85±15mm, the spray gun aperture was 18mm, the gas tank was fueled by butane, and the flame length was 150mm-180mm. This ensured that the coating continued to burn under the external flame at 900℃-1050℃. During the coating combustion process, a thermocouple was used to measure the back temperature, and the back plate temperature data was recorded every 15s. After 10 minutes, the spray gun was turned off.

[0065] The back temperature of the coating obtained in Example 13 during ablation was recorded. The results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that when the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate are covered with coatings, the maximum temperature of the coating on the back of the aluminum alloy during ablation is 280°C, indicating that the coating has excellent fire resistance and heat insulation properties.

[0066] In addition, the present invention also tested the adhesion, pencil hardness, and impact resistance of the coatings prepared in different embodiments and comparative examples. Adhesion was tested using a crosshatch method; pencil hardness was tested using a pencil hardness tester, using pencils of varying sizes, ranging from 6B to 9H, to determine the final pencil hardness of the coating based on whether scratches were left. Impact resistance was tested using a paint film impactor, where a 1 kg metal ball was raised to different heights and allowed to fall freely onto the coating. The coating's impact resistance was evaluated to determine whether it cracked or fell, or otherwise damaged.

[0067] Table 1. Summary of coating properties of products from different examples and comparative examples

[0068]

[0069] The above embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material, characterized in that: The coating material comprises, by mass, 100 parts of water-based nano-silicon resin, 2 to 8 parts of reinforcing filler, 6 to 10 parts of insulating filler, 2 to 5 parts of thermal insulation filler, and 0.6 to 1.5 parts of additives; the coating material also includes a solvent; The thermal insulation filler is at least one of zirconium oxide, inorganic silicate nanotubes and hollow silica microspheres, and comprises, by mass, 1 to 2 parts of zirconium oxide, 0 to 3 parts of inorganic silicate nanotubes and 0 to 3 parts of hollow silica microspheres.

2. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-based nano-silicon resin is one of water-based nano-silicon resin, water-based nano-silicon-aluminum hybrid resin and water-based nano-silicon-zirconium hybrid resin.

3. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing filler is at least one of silicon micropowder, barium sulfate and titanium dioxide.

4. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating filler comprises 2 parts of talc powder and 4 to 8 parts of nano-alumina in parts by mass.

5. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the zirconium oxide is 30 nm to 100 nm; the particle size of the hollow silica microspheres is 25 μm to 60 μm.

6. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary agent comprises, by weight, 0.5-1 part of a dispersant and 0.1-0.5 part of a leveling agent.

7. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent is a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol, with water accounting for 35% and isopropyl alcohol accounting for 5% by mass of the coating material.

8. A method for preparing the environmentally friendly fire-resistant thermal insulation coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing water-based nano-silicone resin, reinforcing filler, insulating filler, heat-insulating filler, solvent and auxiliary agent according to parts by mass, and then grinding the mixture in a sand mill for 1 to 2 hours to obtain the mixture.

9. An environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating, made from the coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The coating material is applied to the upper and / or lower surface of the metal plate.

10. The environmentally friendly fire-resistant heat-insulating coating according to claim 9, characterized in that: The coating has a thickness of no more than 200 μm, an adhesion of level 1 to 2, a pencil hardness of 6H to 8H, and an impact resistance of 40kg·cm to 50kg·cm.

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