Flood and sand wind protection system for photovoltaic electric field in gobi gale area

Abstract

The invention discloses a gobi gale area photovoltaic electric field flood and sand protection system. The system comprises an infiltration type gobi flood control unit, the infiltration type gobi flood control unit is arranged in the upwind direction of a photovoltaic electric field in the main wind direction and comprises a plurality of flood infiltration zones distributed in parallel, and the length direction of the flood infiltration zones is perpendicular to a gobi flood channel; the flood infiltration zone comprises a plurality of broken fracture areas which are formed in the gobi stratum and can allow water to permeate; a sand blocking and mist catching unit; the composite protective net unit comprises a first protective assembly and a second protective assembly, and the first protective assembly and the second protective assembly are arranged from the windward position to the leeward position in a dense-to-sparse mode; and a plurality of irrigation units. According to the system, a grid structure with dense outside and sparse inside is formed from the edge of the electric field to the inside, so that the wind speed can be weakened layer by layer more reasonably, and the photovoltaic panel and the surrounding area thereof are prevented from being invaded and disturbed by the west wind, the north wind and the north-west wind.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a photovoltaic electric field flood and sandstorm protection system in a Gobi windy area, belonging to the technical field of desert environment treatment. Background Art

[0002] Gobi Desert, with its open terrain, strong winds, and abundant solar energy resources, is often home to large-scale wind power and photovoltaic bases in my country. These areas, covered in gravel and subject to frequent strong winds, erode away fine surface material. The remaining coarse particles form an armored layer that protects the surface. Without human interference, local sandstorms generally do not occur, and sand damage is not severe, especially after the operational phase. However, northerly, westerly, and northwesterly winds generally prevail in Gobi Desert, and strong winds can sometimes overturn photovoltaic panels, bend photovoltaic racks, and damage photovoltaic equipment. The windward edges of the north and west sides of the site are particularly severely affected. However, existing high-rise windbreaks can only be deployed on the periphery of photovoltaic sites due to height restrictions and the impact of shading on power generation efficiency. This means that suitable windbreaks are not yet available within the photovoltaic sites.

[0003] In addition to the damage caused by the Gobi Desert's strong winds, floods also pose a threat to energy bases and roads. These threats can damage roads, bridges, and sand control measures, and erode the foundations of photovoltaic and wind power plants. Therefore, flood control and sand control in this region are challenging and demanding.

[0004] The strata of gravelly Gobi are generally composed of gravelly residual deposits, alluvial deposits, aeolian sand, loess, clay and other materials. However, in many Gobi areas, the strata often show special stratification structures, especially in wide desert valleys and large alluvial fan areas with developed surface runoff, such as saltpeter layers, saline-alkali layers or hard clay layers. Saltpeter layers and saline-alkali layers are usually formed by the evaporation of groundwater and the accumulation and crystallization of salt. This stratification structure largely prevents water from infiltrating, causing water to accumulate near the surface or form runoff, affecting the water supply required for plant growth and the dynamic balance of soil water. The hard clay layer is hard and dense, which also hinders the infiltration of water, causing water to accumulate on the surface or flow along the surface, affecting the hydrological characteristics and ecological environment of the Gobi region. These special impermeable layers close to the surface are generally distributed at a depth of 10-50 cm and a thickness ranging from a few centimeters to tens of centimeters. These impermeable strata prevent the infiltration of surface runoff and are the main cause of floods during heavy rainfall in the Gobi region.

[0005] Currently, the following methods and technologies are primarily used to prevent and control floods in the Gobi Desert. First, engineering measures, such as the construction of dams, flood walls, diversion channels, reservoirs, impoundments, and detention areas, can store floodwaters during flood season and reduce downstream flood pressure. Second, ecological measures, such as vegetation restoration, wetland construction, sand barriers, and ecological slope protection, can slow water flow, increase the soil's water storage capacity, and thus mitigate flood damage. In short, flood prevention and control in the Gobi Desert requires a comprehensive consideration of engineering and ecological measures, with plans tailored to local conditions. Currently, there are no specific flood prevention technologies specifically designed for the Gobi Desert, particularly those for integrated flood and sandstorm control.

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned technical analysis of Gobi strong wind and flood control, the present invention aims to provide an effective solution for internal wind and flood prevention in Gobi photovoltaic areas, so as to reduce the strong wind and flood hazards faced by internal photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system for Gobi strong wind areas.

[0008] To achieve the aforementioned object of the invention, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] The embodiment of the present invention provides a flood and sandstorm protection system for photovoltaic power plants in Gobi and strong wind areas, comprising:

[0010] An infiltration Gobi flood control unit is located upwind of the photovoltaic field along the prevailing wind direction and comprises a plurality of parallel flood infiltration zones, the length of which is perpendicular to the Gobi flood channel. The infiltration zones comprise a plurality of fractured and fractured zones formed within the Gobi strata, which allow water to penetrate. The fractured and fractured zones extend at least from the Gobi surface to the bottom of the hard clay layer.

[0011] The sand-blocking and fog-catching unit includes a triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier arranged along one or more first strips on the north side of the photovoltaic field and a triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier arranged along one or more second strips on the west side of the photovoltaic field, wherein the first strips are parallel to each other, and the second strips are parallel to each other;

[0012] A composite protective net unit, the composite protective net unit comprising a first protective assembly and a second protective assembly, the first protective assembly being arranged from dense to sparse along a first wind direction from upwind to leeward, the first protective assembly comprising a first protective structure and a second protective structure, and being at least used to slow down the wind speed along the first wind direction, the second protective assembly being arranged from dense to sparse along a second wind direction perpendicular to the first wind direction from upwind to leeward, the second protective assembly being at least used to slow down the wind speed along the second wind direction, the second protective assembly comprising a third protective structure and a fourth protective structure, at least a photovoltaic panel being fixed between the third protective structure and the fourth protective structure, and the first protective assembly and the second protective assembly being arranged crosswise;

[0013] A plurality of irrigation units, wherein the plurality of irrigation units are arranged at the bottom of the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier, and the plurality of irrigation units are arranged on the area between the plurality of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic field.

[0014] Furthermore, the infiltration Gobi flood control unit includes 2-8 flood infiltration zones arranged in parallel.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent flood infiltration zones is 20-100m.

[0016] Furthermore, the width of the flood infiltration zone is 50-200m.

[0017] Furthermore, the width of the flood channel is 50-100m.

[0018] Furthermore, the fractured and fissured zone extends from the Gobi surface to a depth of 50-100 cm in the stratum.

[0019] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent broken fracture zones is 1-5 meters.

[0020] Furthermore, the flood infiltration zone also includes sand-dwelling shrubs planted at least in the broken and fissure areas.

[0021] Furthermore, the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier is arranged upwind of the second wind direction relative to the composite protective net unit, and is at least used to block sand particles along the second wind direction;

[0022] The triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier is fixed on the ground surface and its height and top opening angle are adjustable.

[0023] Furthermore, the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier includes two fifth frames whose lower ends are fixed to the ground and a fifth mesh surface arranged inside the fifth frames. The upper ends of the two fifth frames are hinged, and the fifth mesh surface is made of HDPE or PLA material.

[0024] Furthermore, second reinforcing ribs are arranged on the fifth frame and the fifth mesh surface.

[0025] Furthermore, the first protective structure is located upwind of the second wind direction, and the first protective structure includes a first frame fixed to the ground and a first mesh surface arranged inside the first frame, and the first mesh surface is at least used to slow down the wind speed along the first wind direction.

[0026] Furthermore, the second protective structure is located downwind of the second wind direction, and the second protective structure includes a second frame fixed to the ground and a second mesh surface arranged inside the second frame, and the second mesh surface is at least used to slow down the wind speed along the first wind direction.

[0027] Furthermore, the third protective structure and the fourth protective structure are arranged along the second wind direction, and the third protective structure includes a third frame fixed on the soil and a third mesh arranged inside the third frame, and the third mesh is at least used to slow down the wind speed along the second wind direction.

[0028] Furthermore, the fourth protective structure includes a fourth frame fixed on the soil and a fourth mesh surface arranged inside the fourth frame, and the fourth mesh surface is at least used to slow down the wind speed along the second wind direction.

[0029] Furthermore, the third protective structure and the fourth protective structure have different heights.

[0030] Furthermore, the bottom ends of the first mesh surface, the second mesh surface, the third mesh surface and the fourth mesh surface all have gaps from the ground surface, and the gaps are at least used to prevent sand from accumulating in the downwind direction of the first wind direction and the second wind direction.

[0031] Furthermore, the first mesh surface, the second mesh surface, the third mesh surface and the fourth mesh surface are all made of HDPE or PLA material with a porosity of 40%-60%.

[0032] Furthermore, first reinforcing ribs are arranged on the first frame and the first mesh surface, and on the second frame and the second mesh surface.

[0033] Furthermore, the infiltration Gobi flood control unit includes an aeration unit, which is at least used to form the broken and fissured zone, maintain the hydrophobicity and air permeability of the soil in the strip area of ​​the broken and fissured zone, and improve the soil quality.

[0034] Furthermore, the Gobi windy area photovoltaic power field flood and sand protection system also includes a plant unit, which is arranged in a strip area of ​​the broken fissure zone.

[0035] Furthermore, the Gobi windy area photovoltaic power field flood and sand protection system further includes an irrigation unit, which is connected to the plant unit and is at least used to supply water to the plant unit.

[0036] Furthermore, the irrigation unit is buried in the soil between the plates and below the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers.

[0037] Furthermore, the irrigation unit includes a main pipe with one end closed, a branch pipe, an infiltration pipe and a water storage container. The main pipe and the branch pipe are connected through each other, and the branch pipe is connected to the internal space of the water storage container. One end of the infiltration pipe is connected to the lower end of the water storage container, and the other end extends above the ground. The wall of the infiltration pipe has a sponge structure and is full of three-dimensional micropores. When the internal space of the water storage container is filled with water, the infiltration pipe is at least used to supply water to the plants.

[0038] Furthermore, the irrigation pipe is arranged axially vertically.

[0039] Furthermore, the irrigation unit further includes a positioning rod, which is detachably connected to the infiltration irrigation pipe.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include:

[0041] 1. The first and second protective components are perpendicular to each other on a horizontal plane and are arranged along the first and second wind directions. When the first and second protective components are cross-installed in a photovoltaic field in a windy Gobi region, the first wind direction corresponds to the westerly wind and the second wind direction corresponds to the northerly wind, thereby preventing the intrusion of westerly, northerly and northwesterly winds, thereby avoiding the harm of strong winds to the photovoltaic panels. In addition, the first and second protective components are arranged from dense to sparse from upwind to leeward, forming a dense outer and sparse inner grid structure from the edge of the field to the interior, which more reasonably reduces the wind speed layer by layer, thereby protecting a large area within the photovoltaic field from the intrusion of westerly, northerly and northwesterly winds.

[0042] 2. The first, second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces will not block the panels regardless of the angle of the sun, thus avoiding the weakness of various high vertical sand barriers in providing shade. A gap exists between the bottom edge and the ground surface, allowing the composite protection net unit to only block wind but not sand. Under wind erosion, sand can pass smoothly through the photovoltaic field without forming sand accumulation inside the composite protection net unit and causing uneven terrain, thus preventing the photovoltaic panels from being buried due to the uneven terrain.

[0043] 3. The aeration unit can first break down large, compacted, hard clay layers in windy areas of the Gobi Desert into smaller pieces, making the soil loose and porous and creating fractures in the ground. When floodwater forms surface runoff, it can seep down through these fractures to the deep bottom beneath the hard clay layer, effectively reducing the runoff volume and impact. Furthermore, the aeration unit supplies floodwater to the roots of plant units through these fractures, storing and retaining water underground, which is beneficial for plant root growth. Compared to traditional flood control measures, this technology only requires periodic drilling and aeration, making it simple to construct and low-cost. It is particularly suitable for Gobi desert areas where aquicludes are common.

[0044] 4. Because the system uses fully enclosed, automatically seeping pipes and recycled mineral water barrels as its primary components, it offers advantages over traditional drip and sprinkler irrigation technologies used in Gobi afforestation, such as resistance to clogging and freezing, low cost, and long life. It is ideally suited to the Gobi's requirements for large, sparse, and dispersed plantings. The irrigation process is entirely gravity-fed and unattended, requiring no power, saving water and labor. Water reaches the entire soil layer covered by plant roots, adapting to plants at different growth stages.

[0045] 5. Regarding the entire protection system, the upwind triangular sand and fog barrier and the accompanying simple self-infiltration irrigation planting measures play a comprehensive role in windbreak, sand blocking, and sand fixation. A small amount of quicksand that passes through the sand and fog barrier enters the protective component area of ​​the internal grid structure of the site. It can then slowly move from the gap at the bottom of the protective net to the downwind side of the site, and finally pass through the electric field to the remote end. In addition, the sparse vegetation distributed within the site also has the same effect of blocking wind but not sand. This reduces wind speed within the site and prevents large amounts of sand accumulation, thereby reducing the occurrence of hazards such as plate overturning, erosion, and sand burial. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system in a Gobi windy area provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a second protective structure of a flood and sandstorm protection system for a photovoltaic power plant in a Gobi region with strong winds, provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a first protective structure of a flood and sandstorm protection system for a photovoltaic power plant in a Gobi region with strong winds, provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second protection component of a flood and sandstorm protection system for photovoltaic power plants in Gobi and windy areas, provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5This is a schematic structural diagram of an irrigation unit of a photovoltaic power plant flood and sandstorm protection system in a Gobi region with strong winds, provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural diagram of a water storage container, an infiltration irrigation pipe, and a moist soil body of a flood and sandstorm protection system for a photovoltaic power field in a Gobi windy area provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier frame network of a flood and sand protection system for photovoltaic power fields in Gobi windy areas provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Composite protective net unit; 2. First protective assembly; 3. Second protective assembly; 4. First protective structure; 5. Second protective structure; 6. Third protective structure; 7. Fourth protective structure; 8. Photovoltaic panel; 9. Triangular sand and fog barrier; 10. First frame; 11. First mesh surface; 12. Second frame; 13. Second mesh surface; 14. Third frame; 15. Third mesh surface; 16. Fourth frame; 17. Fourth mesh surface; 18. First Reinforcement ribs; 19. Fifth frame; 20. Fifth mesh surface; 21. Infiltration Gobi flood control unit; 22. Plant unit; 23. First wind direction; 24. Irrigation unit; 25. Main pipe; 26. Branch pipe; 27. Infiltration irrigation pipe; 28. Water storage container; 29. ​​Positioning rod; 30. Gap; 31. Second wind direction; 32. Hinge; 33. Second reinforcement rib; 34. Fixing fiber; 35. Conical moist soil structure; 36. Ground surface; 37. Two-way quick-connect connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventors of this case, after long-term research and extensive practice, have proposed the technical solution of the present invention. The following will further explain this technical solution, its implementation process and principles.

[0055] Example

[0056] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, an optimal embodiment of a photovoltaic power field flood and sand protection system in a Gobi windy area includes a composite protection net unit 1, a triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 arranged upwind of the composite protection net unit 1, a down-seeping Gobi flood control unit 21 arranged upwind of the composite protection net unit 1 and the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9, and an irrigation unit 24 arranged in the soil. The composite protection net unit 1 includes a first protection component 2 and a second protection component 3 arranged crosswise to form a large square structure with double edges, and the photovoltaic panel 8 is arranged in the composite protection net unit 1. The first protection component 2 and the second protection component 3 can respectively slow down the wind speed in the first wind direction 23 and the second wind direction 31. This embodiment is placed on the surface 36 of the Gobi windy area, so that the first wind direction 23 corresponds to the west wind and the second wind direction 31 corresponds to the north wind, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the invasion of the west wind and the north wind, and the structure at the intersection of the composite protection net unit 1 and the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 can also well resist the invasion of the northwest wind.

[0057] The first protective assembly 2 includes a first protective structure 4 and a second protective structure 5. The first protective structure 4 includes a first frame 10 fixed to the ground surface 36 and a first mesh surface 11 arranged inside the first frame 10. The second protective structure 5 includes a second frame 12 fixed to the ground surface 36 and a second mesh surface 13 arranged inside the second frame 12. The first protective structure 4 is arranged only in the first row array at the northernmost edge of the large square structure on the heavy side, and the second protective structure 5 is arranged in multiple rows on the south side of the first protective structure 4, and the first protective structure 4 and the second protective structure 5 are connected from north to south.

[0058] The second protective assembly 3 includes a third protective structure 6 and a fourth protective structure 7. The third protective structure 6 includes a third frame 14 fixed on the soil and a third mesh surface 15 arranged inside the third frame 14. The fourth protective structure 7 includes a fourth frame 16 fixed on the soil and a fourth mesh surface 17 arranged inside the fourth frame 16. In addition, the third protective structure 6 and the fourth protective structure 7 are arranged along the second wind direction 31, that is, the third mesh surface 15 and the fourth mesh surface 17 are arranged along the second wind direction 31. The heights of the third protective structure 6 and the fourth protective structure 7 are different, that is, the height of the third frame 14 is higher than the height of the fourth frame 16. That is, the third protective structure 6 is vertically arranged between the upper edge of the photovoltaic panel and the ground, the fourth protective structure 7 is vertically arranged between the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel and the ground, and there is a photovoltaic panel between the third protective structure 6 and the fourth protective structure 7.

[0059] The first protective assembly 2 is arranged from dense to sparse along the westerly direction from upwind to downwind, and the second protective assembly 3 is arranged from dense to sparse along the northerly direction from upwind to downwind. In the area on the west edge of the large square structure of the heavy side, the first protective assembly 2 and the second protective assembly 3 have many layers and small spacing, the number of layers is 3-5 layers, and the spacing between each layer is 10-30m; in the middle area to the east of the large square structure of the heavy side, the first protective structure 4 and the second protective structure 5 have few layers and large spacing, the number of layers is 1-3 layers, and the spacing between each layer is 20-50m; that is, the first frame 10 and the third frame 14, the first frame 10 and the fourth frame 16, the second frame 12 and the third frame 14, and the second frame 12 and the fourth frame 16 form a cross structure and form a large square grid on the side of the double side, and the photovoltaic panel 8 is arranged between the third frame 14 and the fourth frame 16, that is, the photovoltaic panel 8 is arranged inside the large square grid on the side of the double side, the first mesh surface 11 inside the first frame 10 and the second mesh surface 13 inside the second frame 12 are responsible for slowing down the wind speed of the westerly wind, the third mesh surface 15 in the third frame 14 and the fourth mesh surface 17 in the fourth frame 16 are responsible for slowing down the wind speed of the north wind, and the structure formed by the intersection of the first protective component 2 and the second protective component 3 also has good stability, and cooperates with the first mesh surface 11, the second mesh surface 13, the third mesh surface 15 and the fourth mesh surface 17 to well slow down the wind speed of the northwest wind, thereby preventing the photovoltaic panel 8 inside the large square grid on the side of the double side from being overturned.

[0060] The first frame 10 is a right-angled trapezoid, and the two bottom sides of the right-angled trapezoidal first frame 10 are arranged perpendicular to the ground. First reinforcing ribs 18 are arranged on the first frame 10 and the first mesh surface 11. Metal hooks are sewn and fixed to the first reinforcing ribs 18 around the first mesh surface 11. The end of the reinforcing rope at the bottom of the first mesh surface 11 is connected to the top of the ground nail fixed to the ground through the metal hook. The two upper corners of the right-angled trapezoidal first frame 10 are respectively connected to the steel ring fixings welded on the upper and lower edges of the first frame 10 through the metal hooks, so that it can be firmly fixed on the ground surface 36.

[0061] The second frame 12 is a pentagon. First reinforcing ribs 18 are arranged on the second frame 12 and the second mesh surface 13. Metal hooks are sewn and fixed to the first reinforcing ribs 18 along the periphery of the second mesh surface 13. The ends of the reinforcing ropes at the bottom of the second mesh surface 13 are connected to the tops of the ground nails fixed to the ground through the metal hooks. The three corners of the upper part of the pentagonal second frame 12 are respectively connected to the steel ring fixings welded on the upper and lower edges of the second frame 12 through the metal hooks, so that they can be firmly fixed on the ground surface 36.

[0062] The third frame 14 and the fourth frame 16 are both rectangular, and the third frame 14 is arranged between the upper edge of the photovoltaic panel 8 and the ground surface 36, while the fourth frame 16 is arranged between the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 8 and the ground surface 36. At the northern edge of the large square grid structure, the third frame 14 and the fourth frame 16 have more layers, and both the third frame 14 and the fourth frame 16 have 3-5 rows of sub-arrays, with a spacing of 1-3 rows of sub-arrays. At the southward and near the middle of the large square grid structure, the third frame 14 and the fourth frame 16 have fewer layers, and both the third frame 14 and the fourth frame 16 have 1-3 rows of sub-arrays, with a spacing of 3-5 rows of sub-arrays.

[0063] The bottoms of the first, second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces 11, 13, 15, and 17 are each separated from the ground surface 36 by a gap 30, with the gap 30 being 20-40 cm high. This gap 30 allows the large, double-sided grid structure to block wind but not sand. Under wind erosion, sand particles can pass smoothly through the array of photovoltaic panels 8, preventing sand from accumulating within the large, double-sided grid structure and causing terrain fluctuations. This reduces the risk of strong winds and sand accumulation to the entire photovoltaic facility.

[0064] The first mesh surface 11, the second mesh surface 13, the third mesh surface 15 and the fourth mesh surface 17 are all made of HDPE or PLA material with a porosity of 40%-60%, and the first reinforcing ribs 18 on the upper edges of the first mesh surface 11, the second mesh surface 13, the third mesh surface 15 and the fourth mesh surface 17 are steel wire rope reinforcing ribs, while the first reinforcing ribs 18 on the remaining edges, including the side and bottom edges, are ordinary rope reinforcing ribs to increase the tensile strength and service life of the mesh surface.

[0065] The triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 is arranged upwind of the first wind direction 23 and the second wind direction 31 relative to the composite protective net unit 1, and is at least used to block sand along the first wind direction 23 and the second wind direction 31. The triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 is fixed on the soil and is height-adjustable.

[0066] The triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 specifically includes two fifth frames 19 whose lower ends are fixed on the soil and a fifth mesh surface 20 arranged inside the fifth frame 19. The fifth frame 19 is a rectangular angle iron frame. The upper ends of the two fifth frames 19 are hinged by hinges 32, and the opening angles of the two fifth frames 19 are adjustable between 10-15°. The lower ends are fixed to the ground by fixing fibers 34. The length of the fixing fibers 34 is 50-80 cm. The two fifth frames 19 form a stable support structure with a triangular cross-section. The length of the fifth mesh surface 20 is 2-3 m and the height is 2-8 m. The angle between the two fifth frames 19 is adjusted by the hinge 32 so that the overall height of the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 is adjustable between 1.5-8 m. It is made of HDPE or PLA material.

[0067] The triangular sand-blocking and fog-trapping barrier 9 has a height of 1.5-7 meters. Based on a protection distance of 20 times the barrier's height, the leeward protection range is approximately 30-140 meters, essentially covering the photovoltaic panels 8 arrayed within and around the large, heavily edged grid structure. The angle of the triangular sand-blocking and fog-trapping barrier 9 can be adjusted based on wind speed. Increasing the angle increases the mesh spacing but decreases the height, providing better wind-proofing and sand-fixing capabilities, but slightly reducing the protection range. Decreasing the angle decreases the mesh spacing but increases the height, slightly weakening the wind-proofing and sand-fixing capabilities but increasing the protection range. The angle can be adjusted based on specific wind and sand conditions during implementation. Furthermore, in windy areas, the angle of the triangular sand-blocking and fog-trapping barrier 9 can be appropriately increased to enhance foundation stability.

[0068] The triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 has a stable structure and adopts a large-space three-dimensional structure for double sand blocking, which effectively reduces the near-surface 36 wind speed between the two fifth frames 19 and on the leeward side, with higher sand blocking and sand fixation efficiency and a larger amount of sand blocking; when the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 is buried to half its height, the fixing rods can be pulled out by digging down, and artificial lifting can be adopted to increase the exposed height of the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 and restore its sand blocking and sand fixation functions; the main components are two frame nets connected by hinges 32. On-site installation only requires opening the frame net to a certain angle and nailing down the fixing rods. The operation is simple and quick, saving construction costs; and the fifth net surface 20 connected by the hinges 32 is a regular plane structure, which improves transportation efficiency and saves transportation costs.

[0069] The fifth frame 19 is a rectangular frame welded from angle steel. The front of the fifth frame 19, i.e., the flat side of the angle steel, is covered with a fifth mesh 20 made of HDPE or PLA. On the back of the frame, i.e., the right-angled side of the angle steel, a second cross-shaped, diagonally braced reinforcement rib 33 made of welded steel bars is provided. The mesh is arranged upwind of the second reinforcement rib 33 and closely adjacent to it, providing structural support. Furthermore, rope reinforcement ribs are arranged along the edges of the fifth mesh 20, and a grid of rope reinforcement ribs are arranged within the fifth mesh 20. The reinforcement ribs are arranged with a fabric strip on one side of the fifth mesh 20 and a rope and fabric strip on the opposite side, i.e., a total of four layers, namely, the fabric strip, the fifth mesh 20, the rope, and the fabric strip. The fifth mesh 20 and the rope are sandwiched between the fabric strips, and the rope is sewn along the centerline of the fabric strips to form the reinforcement rib structure of the fifth mesh 20.

[0070] Metal buckles are sewn along the ends of each second reinforcing rib 33 around the fifth mesh 20. The fifth mesh 20 is then placed over the upwind direction of the fifth frame 19, i.e., the front face of the frame, ensuring that the fifth mesh 20 is in close contact with the fifth frame 19 and the second reinforcing ribs 33 thereon. Then, diagonal steel wire rope buckles are used to connect two opposing metal buckles along the edges of the fifth mesh 20 on the back face of the fifth frame 19. The diagonal steel wire rope buckles are tightened in a grid pattern, securing the fifth mesh 20 to the front face of the frame. Each side of the fifth mesh 20 is slightly larger than the corresponding side of the fifth frame 19 by 3-5 cm. This ensures that the buckles along the covered edges of the fifth mesh 20 are evenly distributed on the back face of the fifth frame 19, facilitating the tightening of the diagonal steel wire rope buckles.

[0071] A part of the infiltration Gobi flood control unit 21 is composed of several independent strip areas, which are arranged in parallel along the first wind direction 23. The strip width is 50-200m, the number of strips is 2-8, and the strip length is slightly larger than the width of the flood flow channel 50-100m. Generally, the width of the dry riverbed or gully through which the flood flows is the strip length, and the strip area of ​​the infiltration Gobi flood control unit 21 is arranged at the upwind side of the first wind direction 23 and the second wind direction 31 relative to the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9. The other parts of the infiltration Gobi flood control unit 21 are arranged below the second protective component 3 and the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9, at least for reducing the runoff and impact force of the flood.

[0072] The infiltration-type Gobi flood control unit 21 includes a plant unit 22 and an aeration unit. The aeration unit is specifically a soil aerator. The aeration unit is perpendicular to the Gobi flood channel, creating multiple parallel flood infiltration zones, allowing floodwater to seep below the surface 36. The specific method is as follows: aerators are inserted at a depth of 50-100 cm below the Gobi surface 36 at intervals of 1-5 meters. Multi-point aeration is implemented. The aeration unit can break up the saline-alkali layer, the saltpeter layer, and the hard clay layer, and create fractures in the strata. Surface runoff generated by the flood can quickly infiltrate along these fractures to the deep bottom of the hard clay layer, where there is often a thick layer of gravel, which allows for rapid infiltration and large amounts of water storage.

[0073] The plant unit 22 is specifically a sand-dwelling shrub such as Nitraria tangutorum, Haloxylon ammodendron, and Calligonum mongolicum, which is arranged in the strip area and / or below the second protective component 3 and the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9. The holes drilled by the aerator are used to plant sand-dwelling shrubs such as Nitraria tangutorum, Haloxylon ammodendron, and Calligonum mongolicum using water flushing. The underground cracks formed by aeration allow the plant roots to penetrate the aquiclude and reach the deep water storage layer at the bottom, promoting plant growth and weakening the impact of floods. The sparse vegetation belt on the ground inside the heavy-edge large grid structure and the composite protective net unit 1 with gaps at the bottom can suppress the wind speed at different height layers inside the heavy-edge large grid structure, effectively preventing the photovoltaic panels 8 from being blown away by strong winds and weakening wind erosion near the surface 36.

[0074] Relatedly, in foggy areas, the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 9 can play a fog-catching function and automatically irrigate the plant units 22 below the fifth mesh surface 20, forming a virtuous cycle of fog-catching, sand-preventing and plant planting.

[0075] The aeration unit uses a soil aerator, a device similar to a hollow air needle inserted into the ground like a pile. High pressure is used to pump large volumes of air into the base of the needle until the surrounding soil loosens, reaching a depth of up to 1 meter below the surface. With each press, compressed air is pumped to the top of the needle. This technology breaks down large, compacted clumps of soil into smaller pieces, making the soil more hydrophobic and breathable. Repeating this process several times results in a loose and porous soil, which not only enhances its ability to drain water and remove salt and alkali, but also supports the growth of nearby plant roots. In practice, the aeration intensity can be adjusted according to soil depth and compaction to maintain optimal hydrophobic and breathable conditions. This technology, deployed in multiple parallel strips in the upper Gobi Desert, effectively promotes flood infiltration and mitigates flood damage.

[0076] Because the soil in the windy Gobi region is too compacted to allow water to penetrate, soil aeration can effectively solve this problem. The air needle connected to the air pump is 2 cm thick. Before reaching the inflation depth, the worker controls the air needle to penetrate the soil up to a depth of 1 meter. The direction and depth of the air needle are adjusted by continuous rotation. Each adjustment will send compressed air into the tip of the air needle, causing the compressed air to expand and disperse rapidly at different depths and directions underground. This sudden force has a great impact on the soil. The compacted soil will produce a large number of network cracks and be divided into small pieces, similar to a subcutaneous injection. When the gas is forced into the ground, the ground will bulge. The instantaneous explosive force of the high-pressure gas is used to loosen the soil, making it more hydrophobic and breathable, which is more convenient for the healthy growth of the root system of plant unit 22 in the later stage. It is powerful and targeted. In addition to loosening the soil at deeper levels, the device can also be switched to delivery mode after aeration, directly pouring humic acid, pharmaceuticals, and nutrients into the device's storage tank. These are then delivered to plant roots at a specific depth within the soil, improving soil pH, stimulating soil microbial activity, and accelerating the dispersion of organic matter. This, in turn, improves saline-alkali soils, increases fertilizer utilization, and enhances plants' ability to absorb water and nutrients. Therefore, this technology can also promote root growth in artificial vegetation, improving the surrounding soil and environment.

[0077] The flood and sand protection system for the photovoltaic power field in the Gobi windy area of ​​this embodiment also includes an irrigation unit 24, which is buried in the soil within the strip area and / or below the second protection component 3 and the triangular sand and fog barrier 9 and is connected to the plant unit 22. The irrigation unit 24 is at least used to supply water to the plant unit 22.

[0078] Irrigation unit 24 comprises a main pipe 25 (sealed at one end), a branch pipe 26, an infiltration pipe 27, and a water storage container 28. The main pipe 25 extends east-west, with the branch pipe 26 connected vertically to the main pipe 25 at its middle section using a two-way connector, forming an irrigation belt perpendicular to the north wind, i.e., east-west. One end of the main pipe 25 is a flexible joint, while the other end is sealed with a plug. The water storage container 28 is an upright, buried, discarded mineral water bottle with a capacity of 5-30 liters, with only the bottle cap exposed above ground level (36). The middle of the bottle cap is connected to the branch pipe 26 via a two-way connection. The infiltration pipe 27 connects to the center of the bottom of the bottle at one end, while the other end is exposed above ground level (365-10 cm). It is sealed with a plug and then tied to the lower section of a positioning rod 29. More specifically, both the main pipe 25 and the branch pipe 26 are rubber or plastic hoses. The main pipe 25 has a diameter of 2-5 cm, while the branch pipe 26 has a diameter of 0.5-2 cm. The branch pipes 26 are spaced 1-5 meters apart. The irrigation pipe 27 is a pressure-free self-flowing type, and the pipe wall is covered with irrigation holes, which are microporous structures with a diameter of 0.5-2 cm.

[0079] The irrigation unit 24 operates as follows: Connect the two-way quick-connect fitting 37 at one end of the main pipe 25 to the outlet of the waterwheel pipe. When water begins to seep through the infiltration pipe 27 at the other end of the main pipe 25, or when the ground 36 becomes moist, indicating that all buckets are full, disconnect the waterwheel and proceed to the next row of main pipes 25 at the connection point. Pressurized water injection can be used to increase the speed of irrigation. Furthermore, because the irrigation unit 24 utilizes fully enclosed, self-leaking piping and recycled mineral water barrels as its primary components, it offers advantages over traditional drip and sprinkler irrigation technologies used in Gobi Desert afforestation, including resistance to clogging, freezing, and reduced cost. This makes it ideal for large, sparse, and dispersed plantings in the Gobi Desert.

[0080] The vertically positioned irrigation pipe 27 forms a conical, moist soil mass through irrigation, allowing water to penetrate the topsoil and various depths of the subsoil. This provides water to the roots of the plant units 22 at various depths throughout their growth cycle, particularly deep within the soil. Since wind and sand may bury the portion of the irrigation pipe 27 exposed above the ground surface 36, the top positioning rod 29 accurately locates the position of the irrigation pipe 27, facilitating precise seedling placement and subsequent maintenance.

[0081] In addition, except for the underground infiltration irrigation pipe 27 with dense micropores on its wall, the other components of the irrigation unit 24 are all closed structures, which will not be blocked and are not afraid of sand burial; the infiltration irrigation pipe 27 is an underground breathable structure, so the entire irrigation device can use a water pump to pressurize water and increase irrigation efficiency.

[0082] The irrigation unit 24 of this embodiment requires minimal water quality and can utilize domestic sewage, which is simply filtered and then directly poured into a bucket. The subsequent irrigation process is completely gravity-fed and unattended. It requires no power, saving water and labor, and water reaches the entire soil layer covered by plant roots, adapting to plants at different growth stages. The three-dimensional porous structure of the infiltration irrigation pipe 27 prevents clogging and freezing in winter, resulting in high irrigation efficiency. Its sealed, buried structure ensures a long service life.

[0083] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent variations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and substance of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power plant flood and sandstorm protection system for Gobi strong wind areas, characterized by: include: An infiltration type Gobi flood control unit (21) is arranged upwind of the photovoltaic field along the main wind direction and includes a plurality of parallel distributed flood infiltration belts, wherein the length direction of the flood infiltration belts is perpendicular to the Gobi flood channel, and the flood infiltration belts include a plurality of broken fracture zones formed in the Gobi stratum for water to penetrate, wherein the broken fracture zones extend at least from the Gobi surface (36) to the bottom of the hard clay layer; The sand-blocking and fog-catching unit comprises a triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier (9) arranged along one or more first strips on the north side of the photovoltaic field and a triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier (9) arranged along one or more second strips on the west side of the photovoltaic field, wherein the first strips are parallel to each other and the second strips are parallel to each other. A composite protection net unit (1), the composite protection net unit (1) comprising a first protection component (2) and a second protection component (3), the first protection component (2) being arranged from dense to sparse along a first wind direction (23) from upwind to leeward, the first protection component (2) comprising a first protection structure (4) and a second protection structure (5), and at least used for slowing down the wind speed along the first wind direction (23), the second protection component (3) being arranged from dense to sparse along a second wind direction (31) perpendicular to the first wind direction (23) from upwind to leeward, the second protection component (3) being at least used for slowing down the wind speed along the second wind direction (31), the second protection component (3) comprising a third protection structure (6) and a fourth protection structure (7), at least used for fixing a photovoltaic panel (8) between the third protection structure (6) and the fourth protection structure (7), and the first protection component (2) and the second protection component (3) being arranged crosswise; A plurality of irrigation units (24), wherein the plurality of irrigation units (24) are arranged at the bottom of a triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier (9), and the plurality of irrigation units (24) are arranged on the area between the plurality of photovoltaic panels (8) in the photovoltaic electric field.

2. The Gobi windy area photovoltaic power field flood and sand protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The infiltration type Gobi flood control unit (21) comprises 2-8 flood infiltration belts arranged in parallel; and / or, the distance between two adjacent flood infiltration zones is 20-100 m; and / or, the width of the flood infiltration zone is 50-200 m; and / or, the width of the flood channel is 50-100 m; and / or, the fractured and fissured zone extends from the Gobi surface (36) to a depth of 50-100 cm in the stratum; and / or, the distance between two adjacent fractured fracture zones is 1-5 meters; And / or, the flood infiltration zone further includes sand-dwelling shrubs planted at least in the broken fissure area.

3. The Gobi windy area photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier (9) is arranged upwind of the second wind direction (31) relative to the composite protection net unit (1), and is used at least to block sand particles along the second wind direction (31); The triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier (9) is fixed on the ground surface (36) and has an adjustable height and top opening angle; And / or, the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier (9) comprises two fifth frames (19) whose lower ends are fixed to the ground surface (36) and a fifth mesh surface (20) arranged inside the fifth frames (19), the upper ends of the two fifth frames (19) are hinged, and the fifth mesh surface (20) is made of HDPE or PLA material; And / or, second reinforcing ribs (33) are arranged on both the fifth frame (19) and the fifth mesh surface (20).

4. The Gobi windy region photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective structure (4) is located upwind of the second wind direction (31), and the first protective structure (4) includes a first frame (10) fixed to the ground surface (36) and a first mesh surface (11) arranged inside the first frame (10), wherein the first mesh surface (11) is at least used to slow down the wind speed along the first wind direction (23); And / or, the second protective structure (5) is located downwind of the second wind direction (31), the second protective structure (5) comprises a second frame (12) fixed to the ground surface (36) and a second mesh surface (13) arranged inside the second frame (12), and the second mesh surface (13) is at least used to slow down the wind speed along the first wind direction (23).

5. The Gobi windy area photovoltaic field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third protective structure (6) and the fourth protective structure (7) are arranged along the second wind direction (31); the third protective structure (6) comprises a third frame (14) fixed on the soil and a third mesh surface (15) arranged inside the third frame (14); the third mesh surface (15) is at least used to slow down the wind speed along the second wind direction (31); And / or, the fourth protective structure (7) comprises a fourth frame (16) fixed on the soil and a fourth mesh surface (17) arranged inside the fourth frame (16), the fourth mesh surface (17) being used at least to slow down the wind speed along the second wind direction (31); And / or, the third protective structure (6) and the fourth protective structure (7) have different heights.

6. The Gobi windy region photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the first mesh surface (11), the second mesh surface (13), the third mesh surface (15) and the fourth mesh surface (17) are each separated from the ground surface (36) by gaps (30), and the gaps (30) are at least used to prevent sand from accumulating in the downwind direction of the first wind direction (23) and the second wind direction (31).

7. The Gobi windy region photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first mesh surface (11), the second mesh surface (13), the third mesh surface (15) and the fourth mesh surface (17) are all made of HDPE or PLA material with a porosity of 40%-60%; And / or, first reinforcing ribs (18) are arranged on the first frame (10) and the first mesh surface (11), and the second frame (12) and the second mesh surface (13).

8. The Gobi windy region photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The infiltration type Gobi flood control unit (21) includes an aeration unit, which is used to form the broken fissure zone, maintain the hydrophobicity and air permeability of the soil in the strip area of ​​the broken fissure zone, and improve the soil quality; And / or, the Gobi high wind area photovoltaic power field flood and wind sand protection system further includes a plant unit (22), and the plant unit (22) is arranged in a strip area of ​​the broken fissure zone.

9. The Gobi windy region photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Gobi high wind area photovoltaic power field flood and wind sand protection system further includes an irrigation unit (24), the irrigation unit (24) is connected to the plant unit (22), and the irrigation unit (24) is at least used to supply water to the plant unit (22).

10. The Gobi windy region photovoltaic power field flood and sandstorm protection system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The irrigation unit (24) is buried in the soil between the plates and below the triangular sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier (9); And / or, the irrigation unit (24) comprises a main pipe (25) with one end closed, a branch pipe (26), an irrigation pipe (27) and a water storage container (28), the main pipe (25) and the branch pipe (26) are connected to each other, the branch pipe (26) and the internal space of the water storage container (28) are connected to each other, one end of the irrigation pipe (27) is connected to the lower end of the water storage container (28), and the other end extends above the ground surface (36), the wall of the irrigation pipe (27) is a sponge structure, full of three-dimensional micropores, when the internal space of the water storage container (28) is filled with water, the irrigation pipe (27) is at least used to supply water to the plants; And / or, the irrigation pipe (27) is arranged axially and vertically; And / or, the irrigation unit (24) further comprises a positioning rod (29), and the positioning rod (29) is detachably connected to the infiltration irrigation pipe (27).

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