Support for deep high-stress roadway

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine supporting equipment, and particularly relates to a support for a deep high-stress roadway, which comprises a supporting block for supporting the top, supporting legs for fixing and a side supporting plate for supporting a side wall, and further comprises a guide mechanism which is arranged on the supporting block and is used for supporting the side wall when the top pressure of the roadway is increased and coal and gangue fall off. The guide mechanism can play a role in guiding small falling objects, through the arrangement of the guide mechanism, when the top of a roadway is pressed and falls, coal and gangue fall onto the supporting block, slide down through the guide mechanism and then enter the collecting box through guiding of the capturing net, and therefore the coal and the gangue can be collected conveniently. Collected coal and gangue can continue to be used after follow-up sorting, after holes appear in the top of a roadway, the coal and the gangue continue to fall off, after a guide mechanism is unfolded and an elastic net is unfolded, falling objects can slide down on the elastic net and then slide into a collecting box along a supporting block, and the falling objects are prevented from smashing and hurting workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine support equipment, in particular to a support for deep high-stress tunnels. Background Art

[0002] As a key structural element in mines, tunnels, and underground projects, the stability of roadways is directly related to construction safety and long-term operational efficiency. In complex geological conditions (such as fault zones, soft rock fracture zones, and high-stress areas), roadway surrounding rock is prone to deformation, collapse, and even rock burst disasters. Active support technologies are required to strengthen the surrounding rock, control its deformation rate, and maintain its bearing capacity. Currently, roadway support primarily relies on traditional structures such as metal supports, concrete linings, and modular supports.

[0003] When using metal supports to support the tunnel, the metal supports are fixed to the location where they need to be installed. The high strength characteristics of the steel can resist the pressure of the surrounding rock and play a supporting and protective role.

[0004] Most of the existing tunnel supports only reinforce the parts in contact with the roof. However, in deep high-stress tunnels, after the roof is pressed, the roof and the side are in a state of extreme equilibrium due to the high ground stress. A slight deformation of the roof can cause the two sides to deform, and the position where the side deforms mostly corresponds to the direction of the top pressure position. Only the deformation of the top is prevented. When the side is deformed, the side supports are more likely to be damaged, which may threaten the life and health of the workers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a support for deep high-stress tunnels, which solves the technical problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] The present invention provides a support for a deep high-stress tunnel, comprising a support block for supporting the top, support legs for fixing, and side support plates for supporting the side walls, and further comprising: A guide mechanism is provided on the support block, and when the pressure at the top of the tunnel increases and causes coal and gangue to fall, the guide mechanism can guide small falling objects; A fixing mechanism is provided on the bottom surface of the supporting leg and is used to fix the entire device; A support mechanism is provided on the support block, and is used to provide a support force to the support block in a direction opposite to the pressure direction; A collecting box is provided on the supporting legs and is used to collect coal and gangue falling from the top; The guide mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support block. A plurality of guide members are provided on the fixed plate. A rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the guide member. One end of the rotating shaft away from the guide member is rotatably connected to the fixed plate. A torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly mounted on the guide member, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate.

[0007] Preferably, the guide member comprises an elastic net, mounting brackets are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the elastic net, and the side of the mounting bracket away from the elastic net is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a mounting shell, a push rod is provided in the mounting shell, a lifting plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the push rod, a plurality of driven rods are abutted on the lifting plate, and an end of the push rod away from the lifting plate is set as an inclined surface.

[0009] Preferably, the support block comprises an arc-shaped plate, side plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the arc-shaped plate, an installation cavity is provided inside the support block, a moving part is provided in the installation cavity, and the moving part is used to lift the support mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of material guide grooves are provided on the movable member, one side of the movable member is set as an inclined surface, and the other side is set as a plane, the plane side is connected to the side support plate, and the inclined surface side abuts against the inclined surface of the push rod.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a rectangular plate, and a plurality of conical fixing blocks are provided on the rectangular plate.

[0012] Preferably, there are a plurality of collection boxes, which are arranged on support legs perpendicular to the top of the fixing mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, a capture net is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the connection between the support block and the support legs above the collection box.

[0014] Preferably, the guide mechanism is provided in two groups and is symmetrically mounted on the support block with an axis perpendicular to the tunnel floor as the symmetry axis.

[0015] Preferably, the cross-section of the guide trough is trapezoidal in shape.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention sets a guide mechanism. When the top of the tunnel is under pressure and falls, the guide mechanism is all in the initial position. At this time, the coal and gangue fall onto the support block, slide down through the top or bottom of the guide mechanism, and then enter the collection box through the guidance of the capture net. The collected coal and gangue can continue to be used after subsequent sorting. After falling for a period of time, a cavity will appear on the top of the tunnel. If the coal and gangue are dropped again at this time, they will no longer fall along the support block. At this time, the guide mechanism is unfolded, and after the elastic net is unfolded, the fallen objects will slide down on the elastic net, and then slide along the support block into the collection box, preventing the fallen objects from injuring the staff.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a supporting mechanism. Specifically, when the top plate is pressed, the side panels are likely to be deformed because they are located in a high-stress area. At this time, the deformation and movement of the side panels will cause the moving parts to move. Since the inclined surface of the moving parts and the inclined surface of the top rod are in contact with each other, the top pressure position can be supported when the side panels are deformed, thereby completing self-locking and providing better support for the top of the tunnel.

[0018] 3. The present invention sets up a collection box. Specifically, the fallen objects on the top of the tunnel include gangue and coal. The coal can be used later, and the gangue can be used to fill the goaf. Collecting them through the collection box can reduce waste to a certain extent. At the same time, when the fallen objects accumulate to a certain amount in the collection box, additional pressure will be applied to the fixing mechanism, which can make the conical fixing block of the fixing mechanism be subjected to greater force, thereby pressing it tighter and achieving better effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide mechanism of the present invention when it is activated; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support block of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the capture net of the present invention; Figure 6 1 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the moving member and the ejector pin of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the guide mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 is a disassembled diagram of the guide mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the torsion spring on the rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Support block; 11. Side plate; 12. Arc plate; 13. Mounting cavity; 14. Moving part; 141. Material guide trough; 2. Support leg; 3. Side support plate; 4. Guide mechanism; 41. Fixing plate; 42. Mounting frame; 43. Elastic net; 44. Rotating shaft; 45. Torsion spring; 5. Fixing mechanism; 51. Conical fixing block; 6. Support mechanism; 61. Mounting shell; 62. Lifting plate; 63. Follower rod; 64. Ejector rod; 7. Collection box; 8. Capture net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a support for a deep high-stress tunnel, comprising a support block 1 for supporting the top, support legs 2 for fixing, and side support plates 3 for supporting the side walls, and further comprising: The guide mechanism 4 is provided on the support block 1. When the pressure at the top of the tunnel increases and causes coal and gangue to fall, the guide mechanism 4 can guide small falling objects; A fixing mechanism 5 is provided on the bottom surface of the supporting leg 2 and is used to fix the entire device; A support mechanism 6 is provided on the support block 1 and is used to provide a support force to the support block 1 in a direction opposite to the pressure direction; A collecting box 7 is provided on the supporting leg 2 and is used to collect coal and gangue falling from the top; The guide mechanism 4 includes a fixed plate 41, which is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support block 1. A number of guide members are provided on the fixed plate 41, and a rotating shaft 44 is fixedly mounted on the guide member. The end of the rotating shaft 44 away from the guide member is provided on the fixed plate 41, and a torsion spring 45 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 44. One end of the torsion spring 45 is fixedly mounted on the guide member, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 41.

[0023] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the tunnel is under pressure, gangue and coal will fall. At this time, the fallen objects will fall along the support block 1, and the guide mechanism 4 can guide the fallen objects. When a cavity appears above, the torsion spring 45 will rotate, thereby driving the guide to rotate, preventing the fallen objects from falling directly on the bracket and rebounding, causing injuries to the staff.

[0024] In one embodiment, the guide member includes an elastic net 43 , and mounting brackets 42 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the elastic net 43 . The side of the mounting bracket 42 away from the elastic net 43 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 44 .

[0025] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the elastic net 43 can reduce the probability of falling objects damaging the elastic net 43 itself when falling, and the support members can be adjusted automatically according to the environment of the tunnel and the support requirements, and set into multiple groups. If the size of the cavities formed by fallen objects in the tunnel is small on average, the number of support members can be appropriately increased and the volume of the support members can be reduced to protect multiple positions. If the size of the cavities formed by fallen objects in the tunnel is large on average, the number of support members can be appropriately reduced and the volume of the support members can be increased to enhance the protection effect against the cavities.

[0026] In one embodiment, the support mechanism 6 includes a mounting shell 61 , in which a push rod 64 is provided. A lifting plate 62 is fixedly mounted on one end of the push rod 64 , and a plurality of driven rods 63 are abutted on the lifting plate 62 . An end of the push rod 64 away from the lifting plate 62 is set as an inclined surface.

[0027] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the push rod 64 is forced to move upward, it will drive the lifting plate 62 to move, thereby squeezing several push rods 64, and then providing support force to various positions of the support block 1, and the push rods 64 on the support mechanism 6 can be arranged into multiple groups, and the inclination direction of the inclined surface at the lower end of the push rod 64 can be set to two directions that are 90 degrees vertical, that is, the inclined surface of one push rod 64 abuts against the inclined surface of the moving part 14 on one side, and the inclined surface of the other push rod 64 abuts against the inclined surface of the moving part 14 on the other side. The setting method is a cross setting, which can effectively support the top of the tunnel corresponding to the guide mechanism 4, and improve the support effect to a certain extent.

[0028] In one embodiment, the support block 1 includes an arc-shaped plate 12 , with side plates 11 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped plate 12 . An installation cavity 13 is provided inside the support block 1 , and a moving part 14 is provided in the installation cavity 13 . The moving part 14 is used to lift the support mechanism 6 .

[0029] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the side panels 11 can prevent falling objects from sliding down the sides of the support block 1 and injuring workers.

[0030] In one embodiment, a plurality of guide grooves 141 are provided on the movable member 14 , one side of the movable member 14 is set as an inclined surface, and the other side is set as a plane. The plane side is connected to the side support plate 3 , and the inclined surface side abuts against the inclined surface of the ejector rod 64 .

[0031] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the side support plate 3 is deformed and squeezed by the side of the tunnel, it will drive the moving part 14 to move, and the guide trough 141 can guide the fallen objects. When the moving part 14 moves, it will squeeze the top rod 64 to move. Since the inclined surfaces of the two are wedge-shaped, they will become tighter and tighter under the pressure, so that when the incoming pressure is large, greater supporting force can be provided.

[0032] In one embodiment, the fixing mechanism 5 includes a rectangular plate, on which a plurality of conical fixing blocks 51 are provided.

[0033] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the conical fixing block 51 is inserted into the ground during installation, giving the entire bracket a greater supporting force.

[0034] In one embodiment, a plurality of collecting boxes 7 are provided, and are arranged on the supporting legs 2 perpendicular to the fixing mechanism 5 .

[0035] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when a certain amount of fallen objects accumulate in the collection box 7, additional pressure will be applied to the fixing mechanism 5, so that the conical fixing block 51 of the fixing mechanism 5 can be subjected to a greater force, thereby pressing tighter and achieving a better effect.

[0036] In one embodiment, a capture net 8 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the connection between the support block 1 and the support leg 2 above the collection box 7 .

[0037] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the capture net 8 can prevent dropped objects from leaking from the connection between the support block 1 and the support leg 2, thereby avoiding subsequent cleaning of this area to a certain extent.

[0038] In one embodiment, two groups of guide mechanisms 4 are provided and are symmetrically mounted on the support block 1 with an axis perpendicular to the tunnel floor as the symmetry axis.

[0039] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the top of the tunnel corresponding to the position of the guide mechanism 4 can be supported, thereby improving the supporting effect to a certain extent.

[0040] In one embodiment, the cross-section of the guide trough 141 is trapezoidal in shape.

[0041] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: better material guiding effect and prevention of clogging to a certain extent.

[0042] Working principle and usage process: Install this device to the position that needs support. When the tunnel is under pressure, gangue and coal will fall. At this time, the fallen objects will fall along the support block 1. The guide mechanism 4 can guide the fallen objects. When a cavity appears above, the torsion spring 45 will rotate, thereby driving the guide to rotate to prevent the fallen objects from falling directly on the bracket and rebounding, causing injuries to the staff. The elastic net 43 can reduce the probability of the fallen objects damaging the elastic net 43 itself when falling, and the support members can be adjusted according to the environment of the tunnel and the needs of support, and set into multiple groups. If the average size of the cavity formed by the fallen objects in the tunnel is small, the number of supports can be appropriately increased and the volume of the supports can be reduced to protect multiple positions. If the average size of the cavity formed by the fallen objects in the tunnel is large, the number of supports can be appropriately reduced and the volume of the supports can be increased to improve the protection effect of the cavity. When the side support plate 3 is deformed and squeezed by the tunnel side, it will drive the moving part 14 to move, and the guide trough 141 can guide the fallen objects. When the moving part 14 moves, it will squeeze the top rod 64 to move. Since the inclined surfaces of the two are wedge-shaped, , which will cause it to become tighter and tighter under the action of the mortgage, so that when the pressure is large, it can provide greater supporting force. When the push rod 64 is forced to move upward, it will drive the lifting plate 62 to move, thereby squeezing several push rods 64, and the push rods 64 on the support mechanism 6 can be arranged into multiple groups, thereby providing supporting force for various positions of the support block 1, and the inclined direction of the inclined surface of the lower end of the push rod 64 can be set to two directions that are 90 degrees vertical, that is, the inclined surface of one push rod 64 abuts against the inclined surface of the moving part 14 on one side, and the inclined surface of the other push rod 64 abuts against the inclined surface of the moving part 14 on the other side, setting The method is cross-setting, which can effectively support the top of the tunnel corresponding to the position of the guide mechanism 4, improve the support effect to a certain extent, and the fallen objects will slide down along the support block 1. The capture net 8 can prevent the fallen objects from leaking from the connection between the support block 1 and the support leg 2, and to a certain extent avoid subsequent cleaning of this place, and then enter the collection box 7. After the fallen objects accumulate to a certain amount in the collection box 7, they will give additional pressure to the fixing mechanism 5, so that the conical fixing block 51 of the fixing mechanism 5 can be subjected to greater force, thereby pressing tighter, with better effect and more stability.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support for a deep high-stress tunnel, comprising a support block (1) for supporting the top, a support leg (2) for fixing, and a side support plate (3) for supporting the side, characterized in that: Also includes: A guide mechanism (4) is provided on the support block (1), and when the pressure at the top of the tunnel increases and causes coal and gangue to fall, the guide mechanism (4) can guide small falling objects; A fixing mechanism (5) is provided on the bottom surface of the supporting leg (2), and the fixing mechanism (5) is used to fix the entire device; A support mechanism (6) is provided on the support block (1), and the support mechanism (6) is used to provide the support block (1) with a support force in a direction opposite to the direction of the pressure; A collecting box (7) is provided on the supporting leg (2), and the collecting box (7) is used to collect coal and gangue falling from the top; The guide mechanism (4) comprises a fixed plate (41), the fixed plate (41) being fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support block (1), a plurality of guide members being provided on the fixed plate (41), a rotating shaft (44) being fixedly mounted on the guide member, an end of the rotating shaft (44) away from the guide member being provided on the fixed plate (41), a torsion spring (45) being sleeved on the rotating shaft (44), one end of the torsion spring (45) being fixedly mounted on the guide member, and the other end being fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (41).

2. A support for deep high stress tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide member comprises an elastic net (43), and mounting frames (42) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the elastic net (43). The side of the mounting frame (42) away from the elastic net (43) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (44).

3. A support for deep high stress tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support mechanism (6) includes a mounting shell (61), a push rod (64) is provided in the mounting shell (61), a lifting plate (62) is fixedly mounted on one end of the push rod (64), a plurality of driven rods (63) are abutted on the lifting plate (62), and an end of the push rod (64) away from the lifting plate (62) is set as an inclined surface.

4. A support for deep high stress tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support block (1) comprises an arc-shaped plate (12), side plates (11) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped plate (12), a mounting cavity (13) is provided inside the support block (1), a moving part (14) is provided in the mounting cavity (13), and the moving part (14) is used to lift the support mechanism (6).

5. A support for deep high stress tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable member (14) is provided with a plurality of guide grooves (141). One side of the movable member (14) is provided as an inclined surface, and the other side is provided as a plane. The plane side is connected to the side support plate (3), and the inclined surface side abuts against the inclined surface of the ejector rod (64).

6. A support for deep high-stress tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (5) comprises a rectangular plate, on which a plurality of conical fixing blocks (51) are arranged.

7. A support for deep high-stress tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of collecting boxes (7) are provided, and are arranged on the supporting legs (2) perpendicular to the upper side of the fixing mechanism (5).

8. A support for deep high-stress tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: A capture net (8) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the connection between the support block (1) and the support leg (2) above the collection box (7).

9. A support for deep high-stress tunnels according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide mechanisms (4) are provided in two groups and are symmetrically mounted on the support block (1) with an axis perpendicular to the tunnel floor as the symmetry axis.

10. A support for deep high-stress tunnels according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cross-section of the guide trough (141) is trapezoidal in shape.

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