A dual-power supply circuit with free switching and its control method

Abstract

This application discloses a dual-power supply circuit with free switching and its control method, relating to the field of power supply technology for electronic devices. The dual-power supply circuit includes: a dual-power supply module, comprising a first power supply and a second power supply; the dual-power supply module is connected to a control unit, which enables switching between the first and second power supplies; a button control module, connected to the control unit, including a switch button; the control unit acquires the state of the switch button and adjusts the potential output to the button control module based on the state of the switch button; and a power acquisition module, connected to the control unit, acquires the power level of the current power supply; and switches between the first and second power supplies based on the current power level. By enabling automatic switching between the first and second power supplies through the control unit, the limitations of single-battery power supply and the inconvenience of manual switching are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology for electronic devices, and in particular to a dual-power supply circuit with free switching and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In portable electronic devices, batteries are the primary power source, and their battery life directly affects the user experience. However, single-battery power supply solutions often cannot meet the needs of users for long-term use, and the technology of using dual-battery power supply with automatic switching to extend usage time has become one of the research hotspots.

[0003] However, existing dual-battery power supply systems suffer from problems such as simplistic switching logic, inability to monitor power status in real time, and lack of user interaction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a dual-power supply circuit with free switching, which integrates power presence detection, button control, power calculation, and dynamic switching functions to achieve intelligent power management. Correspondingly, a control method is also provided, which can be applied to dual-power supply circuits with free switching under different conditions.

[0005] The first technical solution adopted in this application is: providing a dual-power supply circuit with free switching, including:

[0006] A dual power supply module, comprising a first power supply and a second power supply; the dual power supply module is connected to a control unit, and the control unit enables switching between the first power supply and the second power supply.

[0007] A button control module is connected to the control unit; the button control module includes a switch button; the control unit acquires the state of the switch button and adjusts the potential output to the button control module based on the state of the switch button.

[0008] A power acquisition module is provided, and the control unit is connected to the power acquisition module to acquire the power of the current power supply; the switching between the first power supply and the second power supply is realized based on the power of the current power supply.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the button control module includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch; a first terminal of the first switch is connected to a first terminal of the second switch; the second terminals of the first and second switches are grounded through a first resistor; a third terminal of the second switch is connected to a first terminal of the third switch; a third terminal of the second switch is connected to a second terminal of the third switch through a second resistor; a third terminal of the second switch is connected to a first terminal of the fourth switch; the second terminal of the third switch is connected to a first terminal of the fifth switch through a third resistor and a fourth resistor; the second terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the control unit through a fifth resistor; the second terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the side of the third resistor closest to the fourth resistor through a sixth resistor and a first capacitor; one end of the switch button is connected to the side of the sixth resistor furthest from the fourth switch, and the other end of the switch button is grounded; the control unit adjusts the potential output to the second terminal of the fifth switch based on the closed state of the switch button.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, a sixth switch is further included; the third terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switch; a DC power supply is connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch through a seventh resistor; the first terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the control unit through an eighth resistor; the third terminal of the third switch is connected to the power acquisition module; the third terminals of the fourth, fifth, and sixth switches are grounded; the control unit acquires the potential of the eighth resistor on the side away from the sixth switch, and determines the closed state of the switch button based on the acquired potential.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the third terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the dual power supply module to receive the voltage of the current power supply; the third terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the third resistor through a first capacitor; the first terminal of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switching transistor through a ninth resistor; the second terminal of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the third terminal of the fifth switching transistor through a tenth resistor; the tenth resistor is connected in parallel with the second capacitor; the third terminal of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switching transistor through an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor; one end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the side of the eleventh resistor closest to the twelfth resistor, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor is grounded; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the side of the twelfth resistor closest to the sixth switching transistor; the other end of the third capacitor is grounded; the fourth capacitor is connected to the side of the eighth resistor closest to the sixth switching transistor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, when the switch button is pressed, the control unit obtains the duration of the press of the switch button; if the duration of the press is greater than a threshold time, the control unit maintains the power supply path; if the duration of the press is less than the threshold time, a preset peripheral function is triggered.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the power acquisition module includes an overcurrent protection device, one end of which is connected to the button control module and the other end of which is connected to the electrical device; the control unit continuously monitors the output voltage of the power protection module.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the power acquisition module includes a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, and a sixteenth resistor; one end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the other end of the overcurrent protection device, the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor, and the other end of the fifteenth resistor is grounded; one end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the side of the fourteenth resistor closest to the fifteenth resistor; one end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the overcurrent protection device, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded; the fifth, sixth, and seventh capacitors are connected in parallel; one end of the ninth capacitor is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor; one end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the other end of the sixteenth resistor; the other ends of the eighth and ninth capacitors are grounded; the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to a control unit, and the control unit acquires the voltage at the other end of the sixteenth resistor and calculates the current power supply capacity based on the acquired voltage.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the dual power supply module includes a seventh switch, an eighth switch, a ninth switch, a tenth switch, an eleventh switch, and a twelfth switch; the second terminal of the eighth switch is connected to the first terminal of the ninth switch; the third terminal of the eighth switch is connected to the second terminal of the seventh switch through a seventeenth resistor; the first terminal of the seventh switch is connected to the second terminal of the tenth switch through an eighteenth resistor; the first terminal of the tenth switch is connected to the second terminal of the eleventh switch, and the third terminal of the eleventh switch is connected to the third terminal of the twelfth switch; the third terminal of the eighth switch is connected to the second terminal of the twelfth switch; the second terminal of the twelfth switch is connected to the anode of a second diode, and the third terminal of the twelfth switch is connected to the cathode of the second diode; the first terminal of the twelfth switch is connected to a button control module to supply the current power supply voltage.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the first power supply is connected to the first terminal of the seventh switch via the fourteenth resistor; the first power supply is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh switch; the second power supply is connected to the first terminal of the eighth switch, and the second power supply is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch via the fifteenth resistor; the second terminal of the ninth switch is connected to the control unit via the sixteenth resistor, and the switching between the first power supply and the second power supply is realized by adjusting the potential of the second terminal of the ninth switch based on the control unit.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes a power supply presence detection module connected to the control unit; the power supply presence detection module includes a first power supply detection circuit and a second power supply detection circuit; the control unit detects the presence of the first power supply based on the first power supply detection circuit; and the control unit detects the presence of the second power supply based on the second power supply detection circuit.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, a power status indicator module is further included, which is connected to the control unit; the power status indicator module includes a power supply indicator module and a power level indicator module; the power supply indicator module obtains whether the current power supply is the first power supply or the second power supply; and the power level indicator module obtains the power level of the first power supply and the power level of the second power supply.

[0019] The second technical solution adopted in this application is: providing a power supply method applicable to the dual-power supply circuit with free switching as described in any of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0020] After detecting that the duration of the switch button press exceeds the threshold time, the control unit outputs a high level to the button control module, turns on the third switch transistor, and maintains the power supply path;

[0021] The control unit detects the presence status of the first and second power supplies based on the power supply presence detection module. If only one power supply is present, the control unit adjusts the output to the second terminal potential of the ninth switch to select that power supply. If both power supplies are present, the power supply is selected according to the preset priority.

[0022] The voltage of the current power supply is collected in real time by the power acquisition module, and the power of the current power supply is obtained based on the collected voltage. If the power of only the current power supply is lower than the power threshold, the power supply is switched through the control unit. If the power of both power supplies is lower than the power threshold, the power supply is interrupted through the control unit.

[0023] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0024] 1. Automatic switching between the first and second power sources is achieved through the control unit, which solves the limitations of single battery power supply and the inconvenience of manual switching.

[0025] 2. The power acquisition module, in conjunction with the MCU, enables real-time acquisition of the current battery voltage and calculates the power level accordingly. Furthermore, the power indicator module provides an intuitive display of the battery level, allowing users to monitor the battery status at any time and mitigating the risk of sudden power outages.

[0026] 3. The control unit is not only responsible for automatic power switching, but also makes corresponding adjustments based on the battery presence detection results. Furthermore, when both batteries are below a certain threshold, the system will automatically shut down to protect the hardware and prevent damage caused by over-discharge.

[0027] 4. The power button can be used as a multi-functional switch, supporting one-click long press to turn on and off, simplifying the user's operation process and improving ease of use. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power supply circuit with free power switching provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the button control module;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the power acquisition module;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the first power supply detection circuit provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of the power status indication module provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this application and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all structures. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0038] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0039] Existing dual-power supply systems typically suffer from inconvenient manual switching, lack of real-time power monitoring, and insufficient intelligent management. This leads to potential risks of sudden power outages and operational inconvenience for users. Therefore, this application provides a dual-power supply circuit with flexible switching capabilities, such as… Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit with free switching provided in an embodiment of this application, including a dual power supply module, a button control module, and a power acquisition module.

[0040] The dual power supply module includes a first power supply and a second power supply; the dual power supply module is connected to a control unit, and the switching between the first power supply and the second power supply is realized based on the control unit; in this embodiment, both the first power supply and the second power supply are batteries, while in other embodiments, the first power supply and the second power supply can be other power supply components, and there is no limitation on this.

[0041] The first and second batteries can be the same or different in specifications and model. Through intelligent judgment and automatic switching mechanism, the system can automatically switch to the other battery before the power of one battery is exhausted, avoiding the problem of sudden power outage due to insufficient power and improving the reliability of equipment operation.

[0042] It should be clarified that in other embodiments, multiple power supply modules can be used for power supply, and the number of power supplies can be 3, 4, 5 or any natural number greater than 5, without any limitation.

[0043] The button control module is connected to the control unit; the button control module includes a switch button; the control unit acquires the state of the switch button and adjusts the potential output to the button control module based on the state of the switch button; in this embodiment, when the switch button is pressed, the button control module sends a low-level signal to the control unit to indicate that the button is pressed; and when the button is released, the button control module sends a high-level signal to the control unit to indicate that the button is released.

[0044] The switch button is a self-resetting button. Based on different operations of the switch button (such as short press, long press, etc.), the control unit can execute different commands or adjust the potential output to the button control module. For example, if the control unit detects that the button pressing time exceeds the threshold time, the control unit will maintain the power supply path; otherwise, it may trigger the preset peripheral function.

[0045] The control unit connects to the power acquisition module to obtain the current power supply level. The control unit collects battery voltage and calculates the actual voltage to estimate the current battery power. Based on the current power supply level, it switches between the first and second power sources. When the control unit detects that the current battery power is below a preset threshold, it automatically switches to the other battery. If both batteries are below the preset threshold, the control unit interrupts power supply.

[0046] Real-time monitoring and display of battery power allows users to clearly understand the battery status, reducing the risk of inconvenience or work interruption due to insufficient power. Furthermore, clear visual cues are provided when the battery is low, facilitating timely intervention. The control unit can flexibly adjust the power supply strategy based on the actual battery level, ensuring the optimal power supply method is selected at all times, improving the overall system's energy efficiency. In extreme cases, if both batteries are below a threshold, the MCU can issue a command to shut down the system, preventing over-discharge from damaging the hardware and further ensuring the equipment's safety and lifespan.

[0047] In summary, the dual-power supply circuit of this embodiment includes: a dual-power supply module, which includes a first power supply and a second power supply; the dual-power supply module is connected to a control unit, and the switching between the first power supply and the second power supply is realized based on the control unit; a button control module, which is connected to the control unit; the button control module includes a switch button; the control unit acquires the state of the switch button and adjusts the potential output to the button control module based on the state of the switch button; and a power acquisition module, which is connected to the control unit to acquire the power of the current power supply; and the switching between the first power supply and the second power supply is realized based on the power of the current power supply. By realizing automatic switching between the first power supply and the second power supply through the control unit, the limitations of single-battery power supply and the inconvenience of manual switching are solved.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the button control module shows that the button control module includes a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q4, and a fifth switch Q5. The first terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch Q2. The second terminals of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are grounded through a first resistor R1. The third terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the third switch Q3. The third terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the second terminal of the third switch Q3 through a second resistor R2. The third terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth switch Q4. The second terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switch Q5 through a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The second terminal of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the control unit through a fifth resistor R5. The second terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the side of the third resistor R3 closest to the fourth resistor R4 through a sixth resistor R6 and a first diode D1; specifically, the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1.

[0049] One end of the switch button is connected to the side of the sixth resistor R6 away from the fourth switch transistor Q4, and the other end of the switch button is grounded; the control unit adjusts the potential level of the output to the second terminal of the fifth switch transistor Q5 based on the closed state of the switch button.

[0050] It also includes a sixth switch Q6; the third terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switch Q6; DC power supply V1 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch Q6 through a seventh resistor R7; the first terminal of the sixth switch Q6 is connected to the control unit through an eighth resistor R8; the third terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the power acquisition module; the third terminals of the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 are grounded; the control unit acquires the potential of the eighth resistor R8 on the side away from the sixth switch Q6, and determines the closed state of the switch button based on the acquired potential.

[0051] The third terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the dual power supply module to receive the voltage of the current power supply; the third terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the third resistor R3 through the first capacitor C1; the first terminal of the fourth switch Q4 and the second terminal of the fourth switch Q4 are connected through the ninth resistor R9; the second terminal of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the third terminal of the fifth switch Q5 through the tenth resistor R10; the tenth resistor R10 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2; the third terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switch Q6 through the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12; one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the side of the eleventh resistor R11 near the twelfth resistor R12, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is grounded; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the side of the twelfth resistor R12 near the sixth switch Q6; the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded; the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the side of the eighth resistor R8 near the sixth switch Q6, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0052] When the switch button is pressed, the control unit obtains the duration of the button press; if the duration of the press exceeds the threshold time, the control unit maintains the power supply; if the duration of the press is less than the threshold time, the preset peripheral function is triggered.

[0053] The on / off logic of the button control module is described in detail below:

[0054] When the switch button is pressed, the voltage at the second terminal of the fifth switch transistor Q5 is pulled up, which means the base voltage of the fifth switch transistor Q5 is pulled up, and the fifth switch transistor Q5 turns on. This causes the first switch transistor Q1, the second switch transistor Q2, and the third switch transistor Q3 to turn on. This further pulls down the base voltage of the fourth switch transistor Q4, causing the fourth switch transistor Q4 to turn on. The sixth switch transistor Q6 obtains the base drive current through the fourth switch transistor Q4, and the sixth switch transistor Q6 turns on. The DC power supply V1 is grounded through the seventh resistor R7 and the sixth switch transistor Q6, and does not flow to the eighth resistor R8. As a result, the control unit obtains a low potential on the side of the eighth resistor R8 away from the sixth switch transistor Q6. That is, when the switch button is pressed, the control unit receives a low potential signal; when the switch button is not pressed, the control unit receives a high potential signal.

[0055] Upon receiving a low-potential signal, the control unit determines that the switch button has been pressed. It adjusts the output mode based on a comparison between the button press duration and a preset threshold. If the press duration exceeds the threshold, the control unit maintains the power supply. After the switch button self-resets, the control unit pulls up the voltage at the second terminal of the fifth switching transistor Q5 to achieve continuous power supply. If the press duration is less than the threshold, a preset peripheral function is triggered. A short press of the button can switch between different operating modes. For example, in a multi-functional handheld device, a short press can be used to switch between different modes such as data acquisition, Bluetooth transmission, and Wi-Fi connection. For devices with audio output functionality, a short press can be used to mute or adjust the volume, without any limitation.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the third switch Q3 are all PMOS transistors; the fourth switch Q4 is a PNP transistor; and the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6 are NPN transistors.

[0057] The first, second, and third terminals of the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the third switch Q3 are the source, the gate, and the drain, respectively; the first, second, and third terminals of the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 are the collector, the base, and the emitter, respectively.

[0058] The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 prevent voltage reverse crosstalk; the first resistor R1 ensures default cutoff; the second resistor R2 is the current-limiting resistor for the third switch Q3; the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 form a voltage divider network to adapt the PMOS drive voltage to the NPN drive requirements; the fifth resistor R5 limits the current of the MCU output to prevent overload; the sixth resistor R6 and the first diode D1 prevent the base of Q4 from breaking down due to negative voltage; the seventh resistor R7 is the current-limiting resistor for the sixth switch Q6; the eighth resistor R8 is a pull-up resistor; the ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10 are both bleed resistors; the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 achieve base current limiting for the sixth switch Q6; the thirteenth resistor R13 is a pull-down resistor.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the power acquisition module is shown below. The power acquisition module includes an overcurrent protection component ICP1. One end of the overcurrent protection component ICP1 is connected to the button control module, and the other end is connected to the electrical device. The control unit continuously monitors the output voltage of the power protection module. The overcurrent protection component ICP1 is connected to the button control module at one end and to the electrical device at the other. Its function is to cut off the circuit when the current exceeds a set safe value, preventing damage caused by overcurrent.

[0060] The power acquisition module includes a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a ninth capacitor C9, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, and a sixteenth resistor R16. One end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the other end of the overcurrent protection component ICP1, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor R15, with the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 grounded. One end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the side of the fourteenth resistor R14 closest to the fifteenth resistor R15. The fifth capacitor C5... One end is connected to the other end of the overcurrent protection component ICP1, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded; the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6, and the seventh capacitor C7 are connected in parallel; one end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16; the other ends of the eighth capacitor C8 and the ninth capacitor C9 are grounded; the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the control unit, and the control unit obtains the voltage at the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 and calculates the current power supply capacity based on the obtained voltage.

[0061] Resistors R14 and R15 form a simple voltage divider network to reduce the voltage signal from the overcurrent protection ICP1 to a level suitable for the control unit to read. Specifically, one end of resistor R14 is connected after the overcurrent protection ICP1, and the other end is grounded through resistor R15. This creates a voltage divider point between resistors R14 and R15, where the voltage reflects a proportion of the input voltage.

[0062] The fifth capacitor C5 is connected in parallel after the overcurrent protection component ICP1 to help smooth the input voltage and reduce the impact of power supply noise on subsequent circuits.

[0063] The fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6, and the seventh capacitor C7 are connected in parallel to further enhance the filtering effect and ensure that the voltage signal provided to the MCU is as stable and interference-free as possible.

[0064] The ninth capacitor C9 and the eighth capacitor C8 are connected across the sixteenth resistor R16, respectively, to perform local decoupling and filtering, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement signal.

[0065] The sixteenth resistor R16 serves as the final voltage divider resistor, further adjusting the previously processed voltage signal to a voltage value suitable for the control unit's input range. The control unit calculates the actual voltage of the current power supply by reading the voltage at the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16, and estimates the remaining battery power accordingly.

[0066] By integrating the overcurrent protection component ICP1, the system can effectively prevent damage to sensitive components in the circuit caused by accidental short circuits or other reasons due to high current, thus improving the safety of the entire system. By using a precision resistor voltage divider network combined with multiple filter capacitors, the battery output voltage can be accurately collected, thereby enabling accurate estimation of battery power.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the dual power supply module is shown below. The dual power supply module includes a seventh switch Q7, an eighth switch Q8, a ninth switch Q9, a tenth switch Q10, an eleventh switch Q11, and a twelfth switch Q12. The second terminal of the eighth switch Q8 is connected to the first terminal of the ninth switch Q9. The third terminal of the eighth switch Q8 is connected to the second terminal of the seventh switch Q7 through a seventeenth resistor R17. The first terminal of the seventh switch Q7 is connected to the second terminal of the tenth switch Q10 through an eighteenth resistor R18. The first terminal of the tenth switch Q10 is connected to the second terminal of the eleventh switch Q11, and the third terminal of the eleventh switch Q11 is connected to the third terminal of the twelfth switch Q12. The third terminal of the eighth switch Q8 is connected to the second terminal of the twelfth switch Q12. The second terminal of the twelfth switch Q12 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, and the third terminal of the twelfth switch Q12 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2. The first terminal of the twelfth switch Q12 is connected to the button control module to supply the current power supply voltage.

[0068] The first power supply VC1 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh switch Q7 through the fourteenth resistor R14; the first power supply VC1 is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh switch Q11; the second power supply VC2 is connected to the first terminal of the eighth switch Q8, and the second power supply VC2 is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch Q8 through the fifteenth resistor R15; the second terminal of the ninth switch Q9 is connected to the control unit through the sixteenth resistor R16. The switching between the first power supply VC1 and the second power supply VC2 is realized by adjusting the potential of the second terminal of the ninth switch Q9 based on the control unit.

[0069] In this embodiment, the seventh switch Q7, the ninth switch Q9, and the tenth switch Q10 are NPN transistors; the eighth switch Q8, the eleventh switch Q11, and the twelfth switch Q12 are PMOS transistors; the first, second, and third terminals of the seventh switch Q7, the ninth switch Q9, and the tenth switch Q10 are the collector, the base, and the emitter, respectively; the first, second, and third terminals of the eighth switch Q8, the eleventh switch Q11, and the twelfth switch Q12 are the source, the gate, and the drain, respectively.

[0070] The control unit switches between the first power supply VC1 and the second power supply VC2 by adjusting the base potential of the ninth switch Q9. When the control unit outputs a high level, it is powered by the second power supply VC2; when the control unit outputs a low level, it is powered by the first power supply VC1. The circuit's on / off states are shown below:

[0071] The control unit outputs a high level, which pulls up the base voltage of the ninth switch Q9, turning it on; it also pulls down the gate voltage of the eighth switch Q8, turning it on; the second power supply VC2 is powered by the eighth switch Q8 through the second diode D2; the drain voltage of the eighth switch Q8 is pulled up, which in turn pulls up the base voltage of the seventh switch Q7 through the seventeenth resistor R17, turning it on; the voltage of the tenth switch Q10 is pulled down, and the tenth switch Q10 is turned off, causing the eleventh switch Q11 to be turned off, and the first power supply VC1 is not powered.

[0072] The on / off state of the power supply VC1 when the control unit outputs a low level will not be described again here.

[0073] When a power source is not in use, the corresponding switching transistor is in the off state, resulting in almost no static power consumption and helping to extend battery life. Utilizing the rapid turn-on / turn-off characteristics of transistors and MOSFETs, power switching can be completed in milliseconds, ensuring uninterrupted system operation. This dual-power supply switching circuit not only solves the problems of traditional manual switching and insufficient battery life from a single power source, but also achieves efficient, safe, and stable power management through ingenious circuit design and intelligent control logic.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first power supply detection circuit provided in this application; in this embodiment, the first power supply detection circuit is the same as the second power supply detection circuit; the dual power supply free switching power supply circuit also includes a power supply presence detection module, which is connected to the control unit; the power supply presence detection module includes a first power supply detection circuit and a second power supply detection circuit; the control unit detects the presence of the first power supply VC1 based on the first power supply detection circuit; the control unit detects the presence of the second power supply VC2 based on the second power supply detection circuit.

[0075] The control unit monitors the presence of the first power supply VC1 through a first power supply detection circuit. If the voltage of the first power supply VC1 is detected to be within the normal operating range, the control unit records that the first power supply VC1 exists and is available; otherwise, it marks the first power supply VC1 as unavailable. Based on the above detection results, the control unit makes corresponding power supply strategy adjustments; for example, if only one power supply is available, it prioritizes that power supply; if two power supplies are available, it selects one as the main power supply according to preset rules, and may dynamically switch to the other power supply based on the power level. In this embodiment, if both the first power supply VC1 and the second power supply VC2 are available, the first power supply VC1 is used preferentially for power supply; in other embodiments, the second power supply VC2 may be used preferentially for power supply, and there is no limitation on this.

[0076] By monitoring the presence and health status of each power source in real time, the collapse of the entire system due to the sudden failure of a single power source can be avoided, thus enhancing the overall stability of the system. Intelligent power management allows the system to automatically adjust the power supply strategy based on the actual available resources, ensuring that there is always an optimal power supply solution and optimizing energy utilization efficiency.

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 The circuit diagram of the power status indicator module provided in this application is shown. The dual power supply free switching power supply circuit also includes a power status indicator module, which is connected to the control unit. The power status indicator module includes a power supply indicator module and a power level indicator module. The power supply indicator module determines whether the current power supply is a first power supply or a second power supply. The power level indicator module determines the power level of the first power supply and the power level of the second power supply.

[0078] The indicator light will illuminate when a battery is in use. When a low battery level is detected, the control unit will switch the dual power supply module to the other battery. The indicator light for the used battery will flash red slowly, indicating that the battery compartment should be replaced. When both batteries are low, the control module will be activated to shut down the system and cut off the power.

[0079] This application also provides a control method applicable to the dual-power freely switching power supply circuit of any of the above embodiments, such as... Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a control method provided in an embodiment of this application includes the following steps:

[0080] S1: After detecting that the duration of the switch button press exceeds the threshold time, the control unit outputs a high level to the button control module, turns on the third switch transistor and maintains the power supply path;

[0081] S2: The control unit detects the presence status of the first power supply and the second power supply based on the power supply presence detection module; if only one power supply is present, the control unit adjusts the output to the second terminal potential of the ninth switch to select that power supply; if both power supplies are present, the power supply is selected according to the preset priority.

[0082] S3: The voltage of the current power supply is collected in real time through the power acquisition module, and the power of the current power supply is obtained based on the collected voltage. If the power of only the current power supply is lower than the power threshold, the power supply is switched through the control unit. If the power of both power supplies is lower than the power threshold, the power supply is interrupted through the control unit.

[0083] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0084] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0085] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0086] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dual-power supply circuit with free switching, characterized in that, include: A dual power supply module includes a first power supply and a second power supply; the dual power supply module is connected to a control unit, and the control unit enables switching between the first power supply and the second power supply. A button control module is provided, connected to the control unit. The button control module includes a switch button. The control unit acquires the state of the switch button and adjusts the potential output to the button control module based on the state of the switch button. The button control module includes a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor, a fourth switch transistor, and a fifth switch transistor. The first terminal of the first switch transistor is connected to the first terminal of the second switch transistor. The second terminals of the first and second switch transistors are grounded through a first resistor. The third terminal of the second switch transistor is connected to the first terminal of the third switch transistor. The third terminal of the second switch transistor is connected to the second terminal of the third switch transistor through a second resistor. The third terminal of the second switch transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth switch transistor. The second terminal of the third switch transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switch transistor through a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The second terminal of the fifth switch transistor is connected to the control unit through a fifth resistor. The second terminal of the fourth switch transistor is connected to the side of the third resistor closest to the fourth resistor through a sixth resistor and a first capacitor. One end of the switch button is connected to the side of the sixth resistor furthest from the fourth switch transistor, and the other end of the switch button is grounded. The control unit adjusts the potential output to the second terminal of the fifth switch transistor based on the closed state of the switch button. A power acquisition module is provided, wherein the control unit is connected to the power acquisition module to acquire the power of the current power supply; The switching between the first power source and the second power source is achieved based on the current power supply level.

2. The dual-power supply freely switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sixth switching transistor; the third terminal of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switching transistor; a DC power supply is connected to the first terminal of the sixth switching transistor through a seventh resistor; the first terminal of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the control unit through an eighth resistor; the third terminal of the third switching transistor is connected to the power acquisition module; the third terminals of the fourth, fifth, and sixth switching transistors are grounded; the control unit acquires the potential of the eighth resistor on the side away from the sixth switching transistor, and determines the closed state of the switch button based on the acquired potential.

3. The dual-power supply freely switching circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the dual power supply module to receive the voltage of the current power supply; the third terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the third resistor through the first capacitor; the first terminal of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switching transistor through the ninth resistor; the second terminal of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the third terminal of the fifth switching transistor through the tenth resistor; the tenth resistor is connected in parallel with the second capacitor; the third terminal of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switching transistor through the eleventh and twelfth resistors; one end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the side of the eleventh resistor closest to the twelfth resistor, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor is grounded; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the side of the twelfth resistor closest to the sixth switching transistor; the other end of the third capacitor is grounded; the fourth capacitor is connected to the side of the eighth resistor closest to the sixth switching transistor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

4. The dual-power supply freely switching power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the switch button is pressed, the control unit obtains the duration of the press. If the duration of the press is greater than a threshold time, the control unit maintains the power supply. If the duration of the press is less than the threshold time, a preset peripheral function is triggered.

5. The dual-power supply freely switching circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power acquisition module includes an overcurrent protection component, one end of which is connected to the button control module, and the other end of which is connected to the electrical device; the control unit continuously monitors the output voltage of the power acquisition module.

6. The dual-power supply freely switching power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power acquisition module includes a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, and a sixteenth resistor; one end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the other end of the overcurrent protection device, the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor, and the other end of the fifteenth resistor is grounded. One end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the side of the fourteenth resistor closest to the fifteenth resistor; One end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the other end of the overcurrent protection device, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded; the fifth capacitor, the sixth capacitor, and the seventh capacitor are connected in parallel. One end of the ninth capacitor is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor; One end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the other end of the sixteenth resistor; the other ends of the eighth capacitor and the ninth capacitor are grounded. The other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the control unit. The control unit obtains the voltage at the other end of the sixteenth resistor and calculates the current power supply capacity based on the obtained voltage.

7. The dual-power supply freely switching circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual power supply module includes a seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth switch transistor. The second terminal of the eighth switch transistor is connected to the first terminal of the ninth switch transistor. The third terminal of the eighth switch transistor is connected to the second terminal of the seventh switch transistor via a seventeenth resistor. The first terminal of the seventh switch transistor is connected to the second terminal of the tenth switch transistor via an eighteenth resistor. The first terminal of the tenth switch transistor is connected to the second terminal of the eleventh switch transistor, and the third terminal of the eleventh switch transistor is connected to the third terminal of the twelfth switch transistor. The third terminal of the eighth switch transistor is connected to the second terminal of the twelfth switch transistor. The second terminal of the twelfth switch transistor is connected to the anode of a second diode, and the third terminal of the twelfth switch transistor is connected to the cathode of the second diode. The first terminal of the twelfth switch transistor is connected to a button control module to supply the current power supply voltage.

8. The dual-power supply freely switching power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first power supply is connected to the first terminal of the seventh switch transistor via the fourteenth resistor; the first power supply is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh switch transistor; the second power supply is connected to the first terminal of the eighth switch transistor, and the second power supply is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch transistor via the fifteenth resistor; the second terminal of the ninth switch transistor is connected to the control unit via the sixteenth resistor, and the switching between the first power supply and the second power supply is realized by adjusting the potential of the second terminal of the ninth switch transistor based on the control unit.

9. The dual-power supply freely switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply presence detection module, which is connected to the control unit; the power supply presence detection module includes a first power supply detection circuit and a second power supply detection circuit; the control unit detects the presence of the first power supply based on the first power supply detection circuit; the control unit detects the presence of the second power supply based on the second power supply detection circuit.

10. The dual-power supply freely switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes a power status indicator module, which is connected to the control unit; the power status indicator module includes a power supply indicator module and a power level indicator module; based on the power supply indicator module, it obtains that the current power supply is the first power supply or the second power supply; based on the power level indicator module, it obtains the power level of the first power supply and the power level of the second power supply.

11. A control method, characterized in that, It can be applied to the dual-power supply freely switching power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-10, and includes the following steps: After detecting that the duration of the switch button press exceeds the threshold time, the control unit outputs a high level to the button control module, turns on the third switch transistor, and maintains the power supply path; The control unit detects the presence status of the first power supply and the second power supply based on the power supply presence detection module. If only one power supply is present, the control unit adjusts the output to the dual power supply module to select that power supply. If both power supplies are present, the power supply is selected according to the preset priority. The voltage of the current power supply is collected in real time by the power acquisition module, and the power of the current power supply is obtained based on the collected voltage. If the power of only the current power supply is lower than the power threshold, the power supply is switched through the control unit. If the power of both power supplies is lower than the power threshold, the power supply is interrupted through the control unit.

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