Large-span full-bolted H-shaped steel truss roof and efficient assembly method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a large-span full-bolted H-shaped steel truss roof and an efficient assembling method thereof. The roof is assembled by full bolts on site from a plurality of structural units (1) and embedded units (4). The structural unit (1) is assembled by full bolts on site from a secondary truss unit (3) and two main truss units (2) through plug-in connection. The embedded unit (4) is connected with the main truss units (2) in the two structural units (1) through plug-in connection. The main truss unit (2) is assembled by full bolts on site from two or more than two parallel main truss webs (5) and a plurality of main truss horizontal supports (25) through main truss nodes (26). The secondary truss unit (3) is assembled by full bolts on site from two or more than two parallel secondary truss webs (6) and a plurality of secondary truss horizontal supports (35) through secondary truss nodes (36). The application aims to realize efficient full-bolted assembling of a large-span H-shaped steel truss roof on site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of large-span spatial steel structures, in particular to full assembly technology, specifically a large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof and an efficient assembly method thereof, which are suitable for modular fully bolted assembly construction scenarios. Background Art

[0002] The large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof, built based on intelligent and industrialized construction, is assembled, disassembled, maintainable, and recyclable. It meets the strategic needs of my country's construction industry's transformation and upgrading towards industrialization, informatization, intelligence, and greening. It is of great significance to improving the construction industry's independent innovation capabilities, enhancing its core competitiveness, and promoting the coordinated development of intelligent construction and building industrialization. However, the current domestic large-span H-shaped steel truss roof construction mainly adopts on-site welding, which has problems such as low construction efficiency, high carbon emissions, and unstable welding quality, which is not conducive to intelligent and industrialized construction. In addition, during the assembly process of the large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof, the traditional dimensional control method that relies solely on tolerance specifications and compliance measurements ignores the accumulated deviations of each component link in the dimensional chain. It is passive and inefficient and cannot meet the needs of rapid assembly.

[0003] Therefore, innovative research and development of large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roofs suitable for intelligent construction and industrialized construction and their efficient assembly methods can solve problems such as difficulty in bolt connection and low adjustment efficiency caused by cumulative deviations during on-site assembly, avoid secondary processing such as on-site cutting and welding, ensure installation accuracy, and reduce construction costs. This has become an urgent need for technological innovation in the construction industry and a key technical guarantee for the industry's transformation and upgrading. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to achieve efficient on-site full-bolt assembly of large-span all-H-shaped steel truss roofs, effectively solve problems such as difficult bolt connection and low adjustment efficiency, eliminate secondary processing such as on-site cutting and welding, reduce construction costs while ensuring installation accuracy, and promote the construction of large-span steel structures towards intelligence and industrialization.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention first provides a large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof, which is assembled on-site with full bolts from multiple structural units and patching units, wherein:

[0007] The structural unit is formed by fully bolting the secondary truss unit on both sides through plug-in connection;

[0008] The patching unit is arranged between two adjacent structural units and connected to the main truss units in the structural units on both sides by plugging;

[0009] The main truss unit is composed of two parallel main truss webs and multiple main truss horizontal supports, which are assembled by full bolt assembly of main truss nodes, and the main truss horizontal supports are connected to the two sides of the main truss web by the main truss plug-in connection bolt node and the plug-in plate in the main truss node.

[0010] The secondary truss unit is composed of two or more parallel secondary truss webs and multiple secondary truss horizontal supports, which are assembled by full bolt assembly of secondary truss nodes, and the secondary truss horizontal supports are connected to the two sides of the secondary truss web by the secondary truss horizontal support connection plate bolt node in the secondary truss node.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the main truss web is composed of a main truss top chord, a main truss bottom chord, a main truss vertical rod, a main truss diagonal web and a main truss node, which are assembled by full bolt assembly on site.

[0012] In the main truss web, the main truss top chord or the main truss bottom chord is connected in order by the main truss plug-in connection bolt node; the main truss vertical rod is bolted to the main truss top chord and the main truss bottom chord by the main truss vertical rod bolt node; the main truss diagonal web is bolted to the main truss top chord and the main truss bottom chord by the main truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the secondary truss web is composed of a secondary truss top chord, a secondary truss bottom chord, a secondary truss vertical rod, a secondary truss diagonal web and a secondary truss node, which are assembled by full bolt assembly on site.

[0014] In the secondary truss web, the secondary truss top chord or the secondary truss bottom chord is connected to the two sides of the main truss web by the main truss plug-in connection bolt node and the plug-in plate in the main truss node; the secondary truss vertical rod is bolted to the secondary truss top chord and the secondary truss bottom chord by the secondary truss vertical rod bolt node; the secondary truss diagonal web is bolted to the secondary truss top chord and the secondary truss bottom chord by the secondary truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the embedded unit is composed of an embedded unit top chord, an embedded unit bottom chord, an embedded unit vertical rod, an embedded unit diagonal web and an embedded unit node, which are assembled by full bolt assembly on site.

[0016] In the embedded unit, the embedded unit top chord or the embedded unit bottom chord is connected to the two sides of the main truss web by the main truss plug-in connection bolt node and the plug-in plate in the main truss node; the embedded unit vertical rod is bolted to the embedded unit top chord and the embedded unit bottom chord by the embedded unit vertical rod bolt node; the embedded unit diagonal web is bolted to the embedded unit top chord and the embedded unit bottom chord by the embedded unit diagonal web connection plate bolt node.

[0017] In an embodiment, the main truss top chord, the main truss bottom chord, the main truss horizontal support, the secondary truss top chord, the secondary truss bottom chord, the patch unit top chord and the patch unit bottom chord are all hot-rolled H-shaped steel with end plates;

[0018] The main truss vertical rod, the secondary truss vertical rod and the patch unit vertical rod are all square steel pipes with end plates.

[0019] The main truss diagonal web member, the secondary truss diagonal web member and the patch unit diagonal web member are all square steel pipes with connecting plates.

[0020] In an embodiment, the main truss plug-in connection bolt joint is an H-shaped steel section, and the two ends and two sides of the H-shaped steel section are pre-welded with end plates. The end plates at the two ends are fully bolted and connected with the main truss top chord or the main truss bottom chord, the end plates on the inner side are connected with the main truss horizontal support through plug-in connection, and the end plates on the outer side are connected with the secondary truss unit or the patch unit through plug-in connection.

[0021] In an embodiment, the plug-in plate for the main truss plug-in connection bolt joint is wedge-shaped, and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the joint plate with the same thickness, the thickness is greater than or equal to 3 mm, and the number of superimposed layers is not more than 3. The material and friction surface treatment process of the plug-in plate are consistent with the member it adjusts.

[0022] The application also provides an efficient assembly method for the large-span full-bolted H-shaped steel truss roof, mainly including the following steps:

[0023] S1, establishing a systematic size chain:

[0024] Establishing a size chain of the main truss horizontal support, the main truss diagonal web member, the secondary truss horizontal support, the secondary truss diagonal web member, the patch unit diagonal web member, the main truss unit, the secondary truss unit and the structural unit, the size chain including a manufacturing tolerance ring, a transportation deformation tolerance ring, an installation tolerance ring and a temperature deformation tolerance ring.

[0025] S2, joint tolerance matching design:

[0026] For the main truss plug-in connection bolt joint, a plug-in plate is used to adjust the assembly gap between the main truss horizontal support, the secondary truss unit and the patch unit and the joint, and to accommodate the cumulative deviation. For the main truss diagonal web member connecting plate bolt joint, the secondary truss diagonal web member connecting plate bolt joint, the secondary truss horizontal support connecting plate bolt joint and the patch unit diagonal web member connecting plate bolt joint, a standard round hole is arranged on one side of the joint, and a long round hole is arranged on the other side, and the adjustable interval provided by the long round hole accommodates the cumulative deviation.

[0027] S3, member tolerance matching design:

[0028] For the upper and lower chords of the main trusses connected in parallel, the deviation is controlled to be zero; for the horizontal supports of the main trusses connected in plug-in, negative tolerance design is performed so that the actual size is smaller than the nominal size, and the assembly seam is actively reserved;

[0029] For the main truss diagonal webs, secondary truss diagonal webs, secondary truss horizontal supports and patching unit diagonal webs connected by connecting plate bolt nodes, negative tolerance design is performed so that their actual dimensions are smaller than the nominal dimensions, and assembly seams are actively reserved;

[0030] S4, Truss element tolerance fit design:

[0031] For the secondary truss units connected by plugging between the main truss units, negative tolerance design is performed to make their actual size smaller than the nominal size, and the assembly seam is actively reserved;

[0032] S5, structural unit tolerance design:

[0033] For the patching units that are plugged in between structural units, negative tolerance design is performed so that their actual size is smaller than the nominal size, and assembly seams are actively reserved.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, in S1, the dimension chain equations of the main truss horizontal supports, main truss diagonal members, secondary truss horizontal supports, secondary truss diagonal members, patching unit diagonal members, main truss units, secondary truss units, and structural units are established based on the extreme value method:

[0035]

[0036] Where T0 is the closed loop tolerance; n is the number of loops in the dimensional chain; ξ i is the transmission coefficient of the ring, which is ±1; T i is the tolerance of the i-th dimensional chain link.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, in S2, for the main truss plug-mounted connection bolt node, the closed loop of the dimension chain is twice the plug plate thickness; for the main truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node, the secondary truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node, the secondary truss horizontal support connection plate bolt node, and the patching unit diagonal web connection plate bolt node, the closed loop of the dimension chain is the adjustable interval length of the oblong hole;

[0038] Preferably, in S3, for the plug-connected main truss horizontal support, the negative tolerance range Δ1=l1 / 3000~l1 / 1000, where l1 is the length of the main truss horizontal support, and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 3 mm;

[0039] For main truss diagonal members, secondary truss diagonal members, secondary truss horizontal supports and inlay unit diagonal members connected by connecting plate bolt nodes, the negative tolerance is 2~5mmmm;

[0040] Preferably, in S4, for the secondary truss units plugged into the main truss units, the negative tolerance range is Δ2 = l2 / 3000 to l2 / 1000, where l2 is the length of the secondary truss unit, and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 5 mm;

[0041] Preferably, in S5, for the patching units connected between the structural units, the negative tolerance range Δ3=l3 / 3000~l3 / 1000, where l3 is the length of the patching unit, and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 10 mm;

[0042] Preferably, in S2, the length direction of the oblong hole of the connection plate bolt node should be consistent with the main force direction of the component at the node, and the node connection is achieved by friction transmission of high-strength bolts;

[0043] Preferably, before the main truss horizontal supports, main truss diagonal webs, secondary truss horizontal supports, secondary truss diagonal webs, patching unit diagonal webs, main truss units, secondary truss units and structural units are assembled on site, it is confirmed through measurement that their manufacturing deviations, transportation deformations, installation deviations and temperature deformations are all within the tolerance range of the systematic dimension chain.

[0044] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are as follows: the present invention provides a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof and an efficient assembly method thereof, aiming to achieve efficient on-site, fully bolted assembly of large-span H-shaped steel truss roofs. Specifically, this can be better understood from the following aspects:

[0045] (1) The present invention solves the problem of error accumulation in the process of full bolt assembly connection by innovating the tolerance control method of the dimensional chain of nodes, components, truss units and structural units, and performing tolerance matching design on the nodes, components, truss units and structural units of plug-in connection.

[0046] (2) The present invention adopts plug-in connection by using plug-in plate, designs main truss plug-in connection bolt nodes in the main truss nodes of the main truss unit, and uses plug-in connection with related components, units, and structures by means of plug-in plate, thereby solving the problem of error accumulation and well solving the problem of assembly efficiency.

[0047] (3) The present invention actively reserves assembly gaps by making the actual dimensions of the rods or units smaller than the designed dimensions, and establishes a systematic dimension chain. It also proposes a dimension chain tolerance matching method to solve the deviation accumulation of rods or units caused by manufacturing deviation, transportation deformation, installation deviation and temperature deformation, and ensure that they can be assembled on site.

[0048] (4) The application takes into account that the size of the component, the truss unit and the structural unit is getting larger and larger, and the deviation of the cumulative deviation of the manufacturing deviation, the transportation deformation, the installation deviation and the temperature deformation is getting larger and larger during the assembly process, especially the thermal expansion and contraction effect is a key factor that must be considered in the design and construction, and the tolerance matching design is gradually carried out from the node-component-unit-structure, which solves the error accumulation problem well and ensures the smooth progress of the on-site assembly.

[0049] (5) The application effectively solves the problems of difficult bolt connection and low adjustment efficiency, eliminates secondary processing such as on-site cutting and welding, reduces construction cost while ensuring installation precision, and promotes the intelligent and industrialized construction of large-span steel structures.

[0050] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the application does not mean that all or part of the above beneficial effects are simultaneously achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be derived from the provided drawings without creative labor.

[0052] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions of the embodiments of the application, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect and purpose that can be achieved by the application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the application.

[0053] Figure 1 A large-span full bolt connection H-shaped steel truss roof schematic diagram of the application.

[0054] Figure 2 A large-span full bolt connection H-shaped steel truss roof structural unit schematic diagram of the application.

[0055] Figure 3 A large-span full bolt connection H-shaped steel truss roof main truss unit schematic diagram of the application.

[0056] Figure 4 A large-span full bolt connection H-shaped steel truss roof secondary truss unit schematic diagram of the application.

[0057] Figure 5The figure is a schematic diagram of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof patching unit according to the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a diagonal web member of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof with embedded patching units.

[0059] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the main truss nodes of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0060] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the main truss nodes of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0061] Figure 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the secondary truss node of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0062] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the secondary truss nodes of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0063] Figure 11 The figure is a schematic diagram of the horizontal support connection of the secondary trusses of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0064] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the horizontal support connection of the secondary truss of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0065] Figure 13 The figure is a schematic diagram of the horizontal support of the secondary truss of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0066] Figure 14 The figure is a schematic diagram of the dimension chain of a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to the present invention.

[0067] Description of the marks in the figure:

[0068] 1. Structural unit, 2. Main truss unit, 21. Main truss upper chord, 22. Main truss lower chord, 23. Main truss vertical bar, 24. Main truss diagonal bar, 25. Main truss horizontal support, 26. Main truss node, 261. Main truss plug connection bolt node, 262. Main truss vertical bar bolt node, 263. Main truss diagonal bar connection plate bolt node, 3. Secondary truss unit, 31. Secondary truss upper chord, 32. Secondary truss lower chord, 33. Secondary truss vertical bar, 34. Secondary truss diagonal bar, 35. Secondary truss horizontal support Support, 36, secondary truss node, 361, secondary truss horizontal support connecting plate bolt node, 362, secondary truss vertical rod bolt node, 363, secondary truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node, 4, patch unit, 41, patch unit upper chord, 42, patch unit lower chord, 43, patch unit vertical rod, 44, patch unit diagonal web, 45, patch unit node, 451, patch unit vertical rod bolt node, 452, patch unit diagonal web connecting plate bolt node, 5, main truss truss, 6, secondary truss truss, 7, plug plate.

[0069] In the various drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0072] It should be understood that the terms "comprises / comprising," "consisting of," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also, if necessary, other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such product, apparatus, process, or method. In the absence of further limitations, elements defined by the phrases "comprises / comprising," "consisting of," do not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes the elements.

[0073] It should also be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0074] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0075] Overall Figure 1-13 As shown, the present invention provides a large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof, which is assembled on-site by fully bolting multiple structural units 1 and patching units 4; the structural units 1 can be arranged sequentially in the longitudinal direction, and the adjacent structural units 1 are fully bolted by the patching units 4.

[0076] It should be noted that structural unit 1 is a relatively independent module divided according to key factors such as the roof structure's mechanical characteristics, geometric configuration, and transportation conditions. This unit has sufficient rigidity to withstand the loads of the entire construction phase, from manufacturing and transportation to lifting and sliding, while ensuring that its deformation meets the bolt hole accuracy requirements.

[0077] The patching unit 4 is used to fill the installation gap between adjacent structural units 1. Key factors such as the force transmission path, node type, interface structure, and stiffness matching must be comprehensively considered. For key components that bear the combined effects of axial force and bending moment, end plate bolt nodes should be used to effectively transmit and resist bending moments. For components that are primarily subjected to axial force, connecting plate bolt nodes should be used. They have a simple structure, low processing cost, and can meet the requirements of axial force transmission. The interface structure design should facilitate the rapid placement of modules and reserve a reasonable assembly gap to accommodate dimensional deviations. Unify the connection node form and bolt specifications, and optimize the design through finite element simulation and experimental analysis to meet the load and deformation requirements.

[0078] like Figure 1As shown, the structural unit 1 is assembled on-site with all bolts by the secondary truss unit 3 and the main truss units 2 on both sides through plug-in connection; the patch unit 4 is arranged between two adjacent structural units 1 and is connected to the main truss units 2 in the structural units 1 on both sides through plug-in connection; in this way, by adopting the on-site full-bolt assembly method of plug-in connection between the structural unit 1 and the patch unit 4 and between the secondary truss unit 3 and the main truss unit 2, the problems of difficult traditional bolt connection, low adjustment efficiency and low installation accuracy are effectively solved.

[0079] For details, see Figures 2 to 4 The main truss unit 2 is composed of two parallel arranged main truss girders 5 and multiple main truss horizontal supports 25 assembled on-site with full bolts through the main truss nodes 26, and the main truss nodes 26 include at least one main truss plug-in connection bolt node 261. The main truss horizontal supports 25 are plug-connected with the main truss girders 5 on both sides through the main truss plug-in connection bolt node 261 and the plug plate 7.

[0080] The secondary truss unit 3 is composed of three parallel arranged secondary truss girders 6 and multiple secondary truss horizontal supports 35 assembled on-site with all bolts through secondary truss nodes 36, and the secondary truss nodes 36 include at least one primary truss horizontal support connecting plate bolt node 361. The secondary truss horizontal support 35 is assembled and connected to the secondary truss girders 6 on both sides through the secondary truss horizontal support connecting plate bolt node 361.

[0081] Another example Figure 3 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 A set of main truss girders 5 is assembled on site by bolts from the main truss upper chord 21, the main truss lower chord 22, the main truss vertical rods 23, the main truss diagonal webs 24, the main truss horizontal supports 25 and the main truss nodes 26;

[0082] In addition, in the main truss truss 5, the main truss upper chord 21 or the main truss lower chord 22 is connected in sequence through the main truss plug-in connection bolt node 261; the main truss node 26 also includes a main truss vertical rod bolt node 262 and a main truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node 263. The main truss vertical rod 23 is bolted to the main truss upper chord 21 and the main truss lower chord 22 through the main truss vertical rod bolt node 262, and the main truss diagonal web 24 is bolted to the main truss upper chord 21 and the main truss lower chord 22 through the main truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node 263.

[0083] It is easy to understand that the so-called sequential connection, for example, the two upper chords or the two lower chords of the main truss are directly bolted together on site.

[0084] Another example Figure 4 、 Figures 9 to 12A set of secondary truss girders 6 is assembled on site by bolts from a secondary truss upper chord 31, a secondary truss lower chord 32, a secondary truss vertical bar 33, a secondary truss diagonal web 34, a secondary truss horizontal support 35 and a secondary truss node 36;

[0085] In addition, in the secondary truss spar 6, the secondary truss upper chord 31 or the secondary truss lower chord 32 is plug-connected to the main truss spar 5 on both sides through the main truss plug-connecting bolt node 261 and the plug plate 7 in the main truss node 26; the secondary truss node 36 also includes a secondary truss vertical rod bolt node 362 and a secondary truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node 363. The secondary truss vertical rod 33 is bolted to the secondary truss upper chord 31 and the secondary truss lower chord 32 through the secondary truss vertical rod bolt node 362, and the secondary truss diagonal web 34 is bolted to the secondary truss upper chord 31 and the secondary truss lower chord 32 through the secondary truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node 363.

[0086] It is easy to understand that the so-called plug-in connection, for example, the connection between the secondary truss unit 3 and the main truss units 2 on both sides, is to first fix the main truss units 2 on both sides, and then hoist and install the secondary truss unit 3.

[0087] See also Figure 5 The patching unit 4 is assembled on site by all bolts including the patching unit upper chord 41, the patching unit lower chord 42, the patching unit vertical rod 43, the patching unit diagonal web 44 and the patching unit node 45;

[0088] In the patching unit 4, the patching unit node 45 includes a patching unit vertical rod bolt node 451 and a patching unit diagonal web connecting plate bolt node 452. Since the patching unit 4 is fully bolted on site between the main truss units 2 of the adjacent structural units 1, the patching unit upper chord 41 or the patching unit lower chord 42 is plugged and connected to the main truss trusses 5 on both sides through the main truss plug-in connection bolt node 261 and the plug plate 7 in the main truss node 26. The patching unit vertical rod 43 is bolted to the patching unit upper chord 41 and the patching unit lower chord 42 through the patching unit vertical rod bolt node 451. The patching unit diagonal web 44 is bolted to the patching unit upper chord 41 and the patching unit lower chord 42 through the patching unit diagonal web connecting plate bolt node 452.

[0089] Continue to see Figure 7 、 Figure 8The main truss plug-in connection bolt node 261 is an H-shaped steel segment, and end plates are pre-welded at both longitudinal ends and both transverse sides of the H-shaped steel segment. Other components are also pre-welded with end plates. The end plates at both ends of the H-shaped steel segment are fully bolted to the main truss upper chord 21 or the main truss lower chord 22. The inner end plate is plug-connected to the main truss horizontal support 25 through a plug-in plate 7, and the outer end plate is plug-connected to the secondary truss unit 3 or the patch unit 4 through a plug-in plate 7. It is easy to understand that the so-called inner side refers to the inside of the first-grade main truss unit 2, and the outer side refers to the outside of the first-grade main truss unit 2, corresponding to the secondary truss unit 3 and the patch unit 4, respectively.

[0090] Preferably, the plug plate 7 used for the main truss plug-connecting bolt node 261 is wedge-shaped, symmetrically arranged with the same thickness on both sides of the node plate, the thickness ≥3mm, and the number of overlapping layers does not exceed 3 layers, and only 1 layer is used as shown in the figure; the material and friction surface treatment process of the plug plate 7 are consistent with the component it adjusts to ensure continuous and reliable force transmission, avoid additional stress due to performance differences, and at the same time simplify construction control and ensure structural safety.

[0091] In addition, the effect of the setting of the plug plate 7 on the node bearing capacity, stiffness, failure mode and overall structural mechanical properties needs to be verified through finite element analysis to ensure that the design requirements are met.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present invention, the main truss upper chord 21, the main truss lower chord 22, the main truss horizontal support 25, the secondary truss upper chord 31, the secondary truss lower chord 32, the patch unit upper chord 41 and the patch unit lower chord 42 are all hot-rolled H-shaped steel with end plates; the main truss vertical rods 23, the secondary truss vertical rods 33, and the patch unit vertical rods 43 are all square steel pipes with end plates; the main truss diagonal webs 24, the secondary truss diagonal webs 34, and the patch unit diagonal webs 44 are all square steel pipes with connecting plates; all rods are mechanized and manufactured in the factory.

[0093] The efficient assembly method of the large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof provided by the present invention mainly comprises the following steps:

[0094] S1, establish a systematic dimension chain:

[0095] Establish a dimension chain for the main truss horizontal support 25, the main truss diagonal member 24, the secondary truss horizontal support 35, the secondary truss diagonal member 34, the patching unit diagonal member 44, the main truss unit 2, the secondary truss unit 3 and the structural unit 1; before on-site assembly, confirm through measurement that their manufacturing deviation T1, transportation deformation T2, installation deviation T3 and temperature deformation T4 are all within the tolerance range of the systematic dimension chain to ensure that the cumulative deviation does not exceed T0.

[0096] In this section, only the main truss diagonal members 24, the secondary truss diagonal members 34, and the patching unit diagonal members 44 are considered because the upper and lower chords of the main and secondary trusses are connected in a straight-forward manner and can be directly bolted on site without considering tolerances.

[0097] S2, node tolerance fit design:

[0098] For the main truss plug-in connection bolt node 261, an assembly seam is actively reserved, and a plug plate 7 is used to adjust the assembly gap between the main truss horizontal support 25, the secondary truss unit 3, and the patch unit 4 and the node to accommodate cumulative deviations. For the main truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node 263, the secondary truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node 363, the secondary truss horizontal support connection plate bolt node 361, and the patch unit diagonal web connection plate bolt node 452, a standard round hole is provided on one side of the node and an oblong hole is provided on the other side. The adjustable range provided by the oblong hole accommodates cumulative deviations.

[0099] Specific as Figure 6 The oblong hole is provided at one end of the oblique web rod 44 of the middle patching unit, such as Figure 13 An oblong hole is provided at one end of the middle secondary truss horizontal support 35.

[0100] Similarly, the main truss vertical rod bolt nodes 262 and the secondary truss vertical rod bolt nodes 362 are connected in a straight-fit manner, and no deviation adjustment is required.

[0101] S3, component tolerance design:

[0102] For the main truss upper chord 21 and main truss lower chord 22 connected in parallel, the deviation is controlled to be zero; for the main truss horizontal support 25 connected in plug-in, a negative tolerance design is performed so that its actual size is smaller than the nominal size, and an assembly seam is actively reserved;

[0103] For the main truss diagonal web members 24, secondary truss diagonal web members 34, secondary truss horizontal supports 35 and patching unit diagonal web members 44 connected by connecting plate bolt nodes, negative tolerance design is performed so that their actual dimensions are smaller than the nominal dimensions, and assembly seams are actively reserved;

[0104] S4, Truss element tolerance fit design:

[0105] For the secondary truss units 3 that are plugged into the main truss units 2, negative tolerance design is performed to make their actual size smaller than the nominal size, and proactively reserve assembly seams;

[0106] The secondary truss unit 3 is connected by plugging. First, the main truss units 2 on both sides are fixed, and then the secondary truss unit 3 is hoisted and installed.

[0107] S5, structural unit tolerance design:

[0108] For the patching units 4 that are plugged into and connected between the structural units 1, a negative tolerance design is performed so that the actual size is smaller than the nominal size, and an assembly seam is actively reserved.

[0109] By establishing a systematic dimension chain and proposing a dimension chain tolerance matching method, the accumulated deviations of rods or units caused by manufacturing deviations, transportation deformations, installation deviations and temperature deformations can be solved. Figure 14 The dimensional chain shown in the figure ensures on-site assembly and a high degree of assembly accuracy.

[0110] In some preferred embodiments, in S1, the dimension chain equations of the main truss horizontal support 25, the main truss diagonal member 24, the secondary truss horizontal support 35, the secondary truss diagonal member 34, the patching unit diagonal member 44, the main truss unit 2, the secondary truss unit 3, and the structural unit 1 are established based on the extreme value method:

[0111]

[0112] Where T0 is the closed loop tolerance; n is the number of loops in the dimensional chain; ξ i is the transmission coefficient of the ring, which is ±1; T i is the tolerance of the i-th dimensional chain link.

[0113] In some preferred embodiments, in S2, for the main truss plug connection bolt node 261, the closed loop of the dimension chain is twice the thickness of the plug plate 7; for the main truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node 263, the secondary truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node 363 and the secondary truss horizontal support connection plate bolt node 361, the closed loop of the dimension chain is the adjustable interval length of the oblong hole.

[0114] In some preferred embodiments, in S3, for the plug-connected main truss horizontal support 25, the negative tolerance range Δ1=l1 / 3000~l1 / 1000, where l1 is the length of the main truss horizontal support 25, and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 3 mm;

[0115] For the main truss diagonal members 24, secondary truss diagonal members 34, secondary truss horizontal supports 35 and patching unit diagonal members 44 connected by connecting plate bolt nodes, the negative tolerance is 2 to 5 mm.

[0116] In some preferred embodiments, in S4, for the secondary truss units 3 plugged and connected between the main truss units 2, the negative tolerance range Δ2=l2 / 3000~l2 / 1000, where l2 is the longitudinal length of the secondary truss unit 3, and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 5 mm.

[0117] In some preferred embodiments, in S5, for the patching unit 4 plugged into the structural units 1, the negative tolerance range Δ3 = 13 / 3000 ~ 13 / 1000, where l3 is the longitudinal length of the patching unit 4, and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 10 mm.

[0118] In some preferred embodiments, in S2, the length direction of the oblong hole of the connecting plate bolt node should be consistent with the main force direction of the component at the node, and the node connection is achieved by friction transmission of high-strength bolts.

[0119] In some preferred embodiments, before the main truss horizontal supports 25, the main truss diagonal members 24, the secondary truss horizontal supports 35, the secondary truss diagonal members 34, the patching unit diagonal members 44, the main truss units 2, the secondary truss units 3 and the structural unit 1 are assembled on site, measurements are taken to confirm that their manufacturing deviations, transportation deformations, installation deviations and temperature deformations are all within the tolerance range of the systematic dimension chain.

[0120] In summary, the present invention can realize on-site full-bolt assembly of large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roofs, solve the problems of difficulty in bolt connection and low adjustment efficiency caused by cumulative deviations during on-site assembly, avoid secondary processing such as on-site cutting and welding, ensure installation accuracy, and reduce construction costs.

[0121] Although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in multiple implementations individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

Claims

1. A large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof, characterized in that: It is assembled on-site by bolts from a plurality of structural units (1) and patching units (4), wherein: The structural unit (1) is formed by fully bolting the secondary truss unit (3) to the main truss units (2) on both sides on site through plug-in connection; The patching unit (4) is arranged between two adjacent structural units (1) and is connected to the main truss units (2) in the structural units (1) on both sides by plugging; The main truss unit (2) is composed of two parallel arranged main truss girders (5) and a plurality of main truss horizontal supports (25) assembled on site by full bolts through the main truss nodes (26), and the main truss horizontal supports (25) are plug-connected to the main truss girders (5) on both sides through the main truss plug-connecting bolt nodes (261) and plug plates (7) in the main truss nodes (26); The secondary truss unit (3) is composed of two or more parallel arranged secondary truss girders (6) and a plurality of secondary truss horizontal supports (35) assembled on site with full bolts through secondary truss nodes (36), and the secondary truss horizontal supports (35) are assembled and connected with the secondary truss girders (6) on both sides through secondary truss horizontal support connecting plate bolt nodes (361) in the secondary truss nodes (36); and The patching unit (4) is assembled on site by all bolts, including a patching unit upper chord (41), a patching unit lower chord (42), a patching unit vertical rod (43), a patching unit diagonal web rod (44), and a patching unit node (45); In the patching unit (4), the patching unit upper chord (41) or the patching unit lower chord (42) is plug-connected to the main truss trusses (5) on both sides through the main truss plug-connecting bolt node (261) and the plug plate (7) in the main truss node (26); the patching unit vertical rod (43) is bolt-connected to the patching unit upper chord (41) and the patching unit lower chord (42) through the patching unit vertical rod bolt node (451); the patching unit diagonal web (44) is bolt-connected to the patching unit upper chord (41) and the patching unit lower chord (42) through the patching unit diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (452).

2. The large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main truss slats (5) are assembled on site by bolts from the main truss upper chord (21), the main truss lower chord (22), the main truss vertical rods (23), the main truss diagonal webs (24) and the main truss nodes (26); In the main truss truss sheet (5), the main truss upper chord (21) or the main truss lower chord (22) is connected in series via a main truss plug-in connection bolt node (261); the main truss vertical rod (23) is bolted to the main truss upper chord (21) and the main truss lower chord (22) via a main truss vertical rod bolt node (262); and the main truss diagonal web (24) is bolted to the main truss upper chord (21) and the main truss lower chord (22) via a main truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node (263).

3. The large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The secondary truss truss piece (6) is assembled on site by bolts from a secondary truss upper chord (31), a secondary truss lower chord (32), a secondary truss vertical rod (33), a secondary truss diagonal web (34) and a secondary truss node (36); In the secondary truss truss (6), the secondary truss upper chord (31) or the secondary truss lower chord (32) is plug-connected to the main truss trusses (5) on both sides through the main truss plug-connecting bolt node (261) and the plug plate (7) in the main truss node (26); the secondary truss vertical rod (33) is bolt-connected to the secondary truss upper chord (31) and the secondary truss lower chord (32) through the secondary truss vertical rod bolt node (362); and the secondary truss diagonal web (34) is bolt-connected to the secondary truss upper chord (31) and the secondary truss lower chord (32) through the secondary truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (363).

4. The large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The main truss upper chord (21), the main truss lower chord (22), the main truss horizontal support (25), the secondary truss upper chord (31), the secondary truss lower chord (32), the patching unit upper chord (41) and the patching unit lower chord (42) are all hot-rolled H-shaped steel with end plates; The main truss vertical rods (23), the secondary truss vertical rods (33), and the patching unit vertical rods (43) are all square steel tubes with end plates; The main truss diagonal web members (24), the secondary truss diagonal web members (34), and the patching unit diagonal web members (44) are all square steel tubes with connecting plates.

5. The large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main truss plug-in connection bolt node (261) is an H-shaped steel section, and end plates are pre-welded at both ends and both sides of the H-shaped steel section. The end plates at both ends are fully bolted to the main truss upper chord (21) or the main truss lower chord (22), the inner end plate is plug-in connected to the main truss horizontal support (25) through the plug plate (7), and the outer end plate is plug-in connected to the secondary truss unit (3) or the patch unit (4) through the plug plate (7).

6. The large-span fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plug plate (7) used for the main truss plug connection bolt node (261) is wedge-shaped and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the node plate with the same thickness, the thickness is ≥3mm, and the number of superimposed layers does not exceed 3 layers.

7. An efficient assembly method for a large-span, fully bolted H-shaped steel truss roof according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main steps are as follows: S1, establish a systematic dimension chain: Establishing a dimension chain of the main truss horizontal support (25), the main truss diagonal web (24), the secondary truss horizontal support (35), the secondary truss diagonal web (34), the patching unit diagonal web (44), the main truss unit (2), the secondary truss unit (3) and the structural unit (1), wherein the dimension chain includes a manufacturing tolerance ring, a transportation deformation tolerance ring, an installation tolerance ring and a temperature deformation tolerance ring; S2, node tolerance fit design: For the main truss plug-in connection bolt node (261), an assembly seam is actively reserved, and a plug plate (7) is used to adjust the assembly gap between the main truss horizontal support (25), the secondary truss unit (3) and the patching unit (4) and the node to accommodate the cumulative deviation; for the main truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (263), the secondary truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (363), the secondary truss horizontal support connecting plate bolt node (361) and the patching unit diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (452), a standard round hole is set on one side of the node and an oblong hole is set on the other side, and the adjustable range provided by the oblong hole accommodates the cumulative deviation; S3, component tolerance design: For the main truss upper chord (21) and the main truss lower chord (22) connected in parallel, the deviation is controlled to be zero; for the main truss horizontal support (25) connected in plug-in, a negative tolerance design is performed so that its actual size is smaller than the nominal size, and an assembly seam is actively reserved; For the main truss diagonal web members (24), secondary truss diagonal web members (34), secondary truss horizontal supports (35) and patching unit diagonal web members (44) connected by connecting plate bolt nodes, negative tolerance design is performed so that their actual sizes are smaller than the nominal sizes, and assembly seams are actively reserved; S4, Truss element tolerance fit design: For the secondary truss units (3) connected by plugging between the main truss units (2), negative tolerance design is performed so that the actual size is smaller than the nominal size, and an assembly seam is actively reserved; S5, structural unit tolerance design: For the patching units (4) connected by plugging between the structural units (1), a negative tolerance design is performed so that the actual size is smaller than the nominal size, and an assembly seam is actively reserved.

8. The efficient assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, the dimension chain equations of the main truss horizontal support (25), the main truss diagonal member (24), the secondary truss horizontal support (35), the secondary truss diagonal member (34), the patching unit diagonal member (44), the main truss unit (2), the secondary truss unit (3), and the structural unit (1) are established based on the extreme value method: ； Where T0 is the closed loop tolerance; n is the number of loops in the dimensional chain; ξ i is the transmission coefficient of the ring, which is ±1; T i is the tolerance of the i-th dimensional chain link.

9. The efficient assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S2, for the main truss plug connection bolt node (261), the closed loop of the dimension chain is twice the thickness of the plug plate (7); for the main truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node (263), the secondary truss diagonal web connection plate bolt node (363), the secondary truss horizontal support connection plate bolt node (361) and the patching unit diagonal web connection plate bolt node (452), the closed loop of the dimension chain is the adjustable interval length of the oblong hole.

10. The efficient assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S3, for the plug-connected main truss horizontal support (25), the negative tolerance range is Δ1 = l1 / 3000 ~ l1 / 1000, where l1 is the length of the main truss horizontal support (25), and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 3mm; For the main truss diagonal members (24), secondary truss diagonal members (34), secondary truss horizontal supports (35) and patching unit diagonal members (44) connected by connecting plate bolt nodes, the negative tolerance is 2 to 5 mm.

11. The efficient assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S4, for the secondary truss units (3) plugged into the main truss units (2), the negative tolerance range is Δ2 = l2 / 3000~l2 / 1000, where l2 is the length of the secondary truss unit (3), and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 5 mm.

12. The efficient assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S5, for the patching unit (4) connected between the structural units (1), the negative tolerance range is Δ3=l3 / 3000~l3 / 1000, where l3 is the length of the patching unit (4), and the minimum negative tolerance is not less than 10 mm.

13. The efficient assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S2, for the main truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (263), the secondary truss diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (363), the secondary truss horizontal support connecting plate bolt node (361) and the patching unit diagonal web connecting plate bolt node (452), the length direction of the oblong hole is consistent with the main force direction of the component at each node, and the node connection is achieved by friction transmission of high-strength bolts.

14. The efficient assembly method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before the main truss horizontal support (25), the main truss diagonal web member (24), the secondary truss horizontal support (35), the secondary truss diagonal web member (34), the patching unit diagonal web member (44), the main truss unit (2), the secondary truss unit (3) and the structural unit (1) are assembled on site, it is confirmed by measurement that their manufacturing deviation, transportation deformation, installation deviation and temperature deformation are all within the tolerance range of the systematic dimension chain.

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