Test shear box suitable for soil body ring shear

Abstract

The invention provides a test shear box suitable for soil body ring shear, and belongs to the technical field of ring shear tests.The test shear box comprises an upper shear box and a lower shear box, the upper shear box comprises an upper shear box outer ring, an upper shear box inner ring, an upper shear box annular pressing plate and an upper shear box connecting plate, and the upper shear box inner ring is located on the lower shear box; the upper shear box outer ring is arranged outside the upper shear box annular pressing plate, the upper shear box outer ring and the upper end of the upper shear box inner ring are connected with the upper shear box connecting plate through screws, and the upper shear box connecting plate is provided with two grooves and can be fixedly connected with the cross beam plate positioning boss through screws. The lower shear box is provided with rectangular spline teeth which are meshed with spline grooves of the spline shaft to achieve transmission of shear force, the axial height of the lower shear box is adjusted through a transmission shaft connecting plate connected to the spline shaft in a threaded mode, and the shear box is convenient to test and operate, capable of controlling drainage conditions and capable of researching shear mechanical characteristics of soil bodies in different drainage states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ring shear tests, and in particular to a test shear box suitable for soil ring shear. Background Art

[0002] Landslides are one of the most serious geological hazards, causing significant loss of life and property each year. The cause of landslides is significantly related to the reduction in shear strength of the soil above the sliding zone under continuous large shear deformation. Therefore, accurately determining soil shear strength parameters is crucial for landslide research and prevention. Currently, soil shear strength parameters are primarily determined through laboratory tests, typically including direct shear tests and triaxial compression tests.

[0003] Existing experimental methods cannot meet the requirements of large deformation, long-term shear behavior, and complex stress paths in soil. However, the ring shear test, which can achieve shear with infinite displacement, has been widely used to study the residual shear behavior of soil, providing a new experimental method for obtaining soil shear strength parameters.

[0004] As one of the core components of the ring shear instrument, the shear box determines the specimen installation, fixation, loading conditions, and boundary conditions. The rationality of the shear box design directly affects the accuracy and reliability of the ring shear test results. Traditional ring shear instruments typically use a fixed and complex structure, making them difficult to disassemble and assemble. The connection between the upper and lower shear boxes is relatively simple, which may lead to sample and water leakage during the experiment. The drainage conditions cannot be strictly controlled, limiting the test method and seriously affecting the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a test shear box suitable for soil ring shear. The shear box of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble and assemble, can strictly control drainage conditions, and has good sealing performance.

[0006] A test shear box suitable for soil ring shear, comprising a spline shaft, a crossbeam assembly, an upper shear box and a lower shear box, wherein the upper shear box and the lower shear box are coaxially arranged;

[0007] The upper shear box includes an upper shear box outer ring, an upper shear box inner ring, an upper shear box annular pressure plate and an upper shear box connecting plate, the upper shear box annular pressure plate is arranged outside the upper shear box inner ring, the upper shear box annular pressure plate is connected to the column, the upper end of the column is connected to the column pressure plate, the upper shear box inner ring is arranged on the lower shear box, the upper shear box outer ring is arranged outside the upper shear box annular pressure plate, the upper end of the upper shear box outer ring and the upper end of the upper shear box inner ring are respectively connected to the upper shear box connecting plate;

[0008] The upper shear box connecting plate is provided with two grooves, which are connected to the crossbeam assembly. The lower shear box is engaged with the spline shaft through rectangular spline teeth. The bottom surface of the lower shear box is connected to the transmission shaft connecting plate on the spline shaft to realize the adjustment of the axial height of the lower shear box. The lower shear box is respectively connected to the upper shear box inner ring and the upper shear box outer ring slots.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer ring side wall of the upper shear box is provided with a drainage channel, the bottom of the annular pressure plate of the upper shear box is provided with six evenly distributed shear blades, and the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular pressure plate of the upper shear box are respectively provided with two circles of O-ring grooves;

[0010] The upper shear box connecting plate is a circular pressing plate. Three column through holes are provided on the upper shear box connecting plate. A drainage channel is provided on the side wall of the column.

[0011] Furthermore, the crossbeam plate includes a first crossbeam plate and a second crossbeam plate, the upper end surface of the first crossbeam plate is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; the right end surface of the first crossbeam plate is provided with a positioning boss, the lower end surface of the second crossbeam plate is provided with a second arc-shaped groove, and the interior of the first crossbeam plate and the interior of the second crossbeam plate are respectively provided with threaded holes passing through;

[0012] The first crossbeam plate and the second crossbeam plate are connected and matched with each other by screws to form an arc-shaped cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower shear box is annular, the side wall of the lower shear box is provided with a drainage channel, the inner side wall of the outer ring of the lower shear box is provided with a toothed combination seal, the ends of the lower shear box are respectively provided with a square combination seal and a sealing ring pressure plate, and the inner side wall of the lower shear box is provided with a grid ring.

[0014] Furthermore, a flange linear bearing is provided in the through hole of the column, the column is placed in the inner hole of the flange linear bearing, and a flange linear bearing pad is provided between the flange linear bearing and the upper shear box connecting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the flange linear bearing is screwed to the flange linear bearing pad, and the flange linear bearing pad is screwed to the upper shear box connecting plate.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the drainage channels is provided with a regulating valve.

[0017] Furthermore, a rubber O-ring is provided in the O-ring groove;

[0018] Wherein, the toothed combined seal comprises a toothed sealing ring and a rubber O-ring, and the square combined seal comprises a square sealing ring and a rubber O-ring.

[0019] The present invention has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0020] (1) The present invention has a simple structure. During installation, the boss of the upper shear box can cooperate with the groove of the lower shear box to directly connect them, eliminating the tedious installation steps. During disassembly, the upper shear box can be directly pulled out, and the lower shear box can also be directly pulled out from the spline shaft. The disassembly method saves time and effort.

[0021] (2) The present invention has good sealing performance and can ensure that no water or sample leaks out during the high-speed shearing process, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test data.

[0022] (3) The present invention can directly saturate the sample in the shear box, greatly reducing the error of sample loading. At the same time, since it can control the drainage conditions during the test, the tester can conduct ring shear tests under different drainage conditions according to different test purposes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A side view of the outer ring of the upper shear box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A side view of the inner ring of the upper shear box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A side view of the annular pressure plate of the upper shear box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A side view of a lower shear box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A top view of an upper shear box connecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a top view of the beam plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1-spline shaft, 2-drive shaft connecting plate, 3-lower shear box, 4-square combination seal, 5-toothed combination seal, 6-upper shear box outer ring, 7-rubber O-ring, 8-upper shear box annular pressure plate, 9-hexagonal cylindrical head screw, 10-upper shear box connecting plate, 11-column pressure plate, 12-column, 13-flange linear bearing, 14-flange linear bearing spacer, 15-upper shear box inner ring, 16-first crossbeam plate, 17-second crossbeam plate, 18-positioning boss, 19-Glay ring, 20-regulating valve, 21-seal ring pressure plate, 22-pressure chamber, 23-threaded hole, 24-shear blade, 25-rectangular spline teeth, 26-groove, 27-column through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the implementation method of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1-7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a test shear box suitable for soil ring shear, comprising a spline shaft 1, a beam assembly, an upper shear box and a lower shear box 3, wherein the upper shear box and the lower shear box 3 are coaxially arranged;

[0033] The upper shear box includes an upper shear box outer ring 6, an upper shear box inner ring 15, an upper shear box annular pressure plate 8 and an upper shear box connecting plate 10, the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8 is arranged outside the upper shear box inner ring 15, the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8 is connected to the column 12, the upper end of the column 12 is connected to the column pressure plate 11, the upper shear box inner ring 15 is arranged on the lower shear box 3, the upper shear box outer ring 6 is arranged outside the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8, the upper end of the upper shear box outer ring 6 and the upper end of the upper shear box inner ring 15 are respectively connected to the upper shear box connecting plate 10;

[0034] The upper shear box connecting plate 10 is provided with two grooves, which are connected to the crossbeam assembly. The lower shear box is engaged with the spline shaft 1 through the rectangular spline teeth 25. The bottom surface of the lower shear box 3 is connected to the transmission shaft connecting plate 2 on the spline shaft 1 to realize the adjustment of the axial height of the lower shear box 3. The lower shear box 3 is respectively connected to the upper shear box inner ring 15 and the upper shear box outer ring 6 by the slots.

[0035] In a further embodiment of this embodiment, a drainage channel is provided on the side wall of the outer ring 6 of the upper shear box, six evenly distributed shear blades 24 are provided on the bottom of the annular pressure plate 8 of the upper shear box, and two circles of O-ring grooves are provided on the inner and outer ring side walls of the annular pressure plate 8 of the upper shear box respectively;

[0036] The upper shear box connecting plate 10 is a circular pressing plate. Three column through holes 27 are provided on the upper shear box connecting plate 10 . A drainage channel is provided on the side wall of the column 12 .

[0037] In a further embodiment of this embodiment, the crossbeam plate includes a first crossbeam plate 17 and a second crossbeam plate 16. The upper end surface of the first crossbeam plate 17 is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; the right end surface of the first crossbeam plate 17 is provided with a positioning boss 18, and the lower end surface of the second crossbeam plate 16 is provided with a second arc-shaped groove. The interior of the first crossbeam plate 17 and the interior of the second crossbeam plate 16 are respectively provided with a threaded hole 23 penetrating therethrough;

[0038] The first cross beam plate 17 and the second cross beam plate 16 are connected and matched with each other by screws to form an arc-shaped cavity.

[0039] In a further implementation of this embodiment, the lower shear box 3 is annular, the side wall of the lower shear box 3 is provided with a drainage channel, the inner side wall of the outer ring of the lower shear box 3 is provided with a toothed combination seal 5, the ends of the lower shear box 3 are respectively provided with a square combination seal 4 and a sealing ring pressure plate 21, and the inner side wall of the lower shear box 3 is provided with a grid ring 19.

[0040] In a further implementation of this embodiment, a flange linear bearing 13 is provided in the column through hole 27, the column 12 is placed in the inner hole of the flange linear bearing 13, and a flange linear bearing pad 14 is provided between the flange linear bearing 13 and the upper shear box connecting plate 10.

[0041] In a further implementation manner of this embodiment, the flange linear bearing 13 is screwed to the flange linear bearing pad 14 , and the flange linear bearing pad 14 is screwed to the upper shear box connecting plate 10 .

[0042] In a further implementation of this embodiment, each of the drainage channels is provided with a regulating valve 20 .

[0043] In a further embodiment of this embodiment, a rubber O-ring 7 is provided in the O-ring groove;

[0044] The toothed combined seal 5 includes a toothed sealing ring and a rubber O-ring 7 , and the square combined seal 4 includes a square sealing ring and a rubber O-ring 7 .

[0045] It should be noted that: Figure 1 As shown, the test shear box suitable for soil ring shear includes an upper shear box and a lower shear box.

[0046] The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear has a simple structure and is easy to install. During the high-speed shear process, since the entire device has good sealing performance, no sample leakage or water leakage will occur. At the same time, the sample can be saturated directly in the shear box, and the drainage conditions can be strictly controlled during the test.

[0047] like Figures 1-4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the upper shear box includes: an upper shear box outer ring 6, an upper shear box inner ring 15, an upper shear box annular pressure plate 8, and an upper shear box connecting plate 10. The upper shear box annular pressure plate 8 is arranged outside the upper shear box inner ring 15, the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8 is connected to the column 12, and the upper end of the column 12 is screwed to the column pressure plate 11, the upper shear box inner ring 15 is located on the lower shear box 3, the upper shear box outer ring 6 is arranged outside the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8, the upper end of the upper shear box outer ring 6 and the upper shear box inner ring 15 are screwed to the upper shear box connecting plate 10, and the upper shear box connecting plate 10 is provided with two grooves 26, which are fixedly connected to the first crossbeam plate positioning boss 18 by screws;

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the lower shear box is provided with rectangular spline teeth 25, which engage with the spline grooves of the spline shaft 1 to achieve the transmission of shear force, and the axial height of the lower shear box 3 is adjusted by the transmission shaft connecting plate 2 threadedly connected to the spline shaft 1.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 The upper shear box is equipped with two drainage pipes, and the lower shear box has one drainage pipe. Each drainage pipe is controlled by a regulating valve 20 to control the flow of water. When saturating the sample, the lower shear box drainage pipe regulating valve and the column drainage pipe regulating valve are opened, while the upper shear box outer ring regulating valve is closed. This allows the flowing water to circulate through the pressure chamber 22, thereby saturating the sample in the pressure chamber 22. During the shearing process, the three regulating valves can be adjusted to achieve ring shear tests under different drainage conditions.

[0050] In addition, the most basic condition for the ring shear box is good sealing. Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 In order to ensure the sealing of the pressure chamber 22, this shear box completely sets the cavity of the pressure chamber 22 inside the lower shear box 3, and the sample is directly made in the pressure chamber 22 to reduce the disturbance of the sample during the movement. At the same time, two O-rings 7 are set on the annular pressure plate 8 of the upper shear box at the top of the pressure chamber 22, and the side wall of the outer ring of the lower shear box 3 at the bottom of the pressure chamber 22 adopts a toothed combination seal 5 for the rotating shaft, and an end adopts an end rotating square combination seal 4, and the side wall of the inner ring of the lower shear box 3 adopts a Gly ring 19 for the rotating hole and is fixed with a sealing ring pressure plate 21. It not only ensures good sealing, but also has strong wear resistance and low friction, ensuring that the sample in the pressure chamber 22 will not leak or leak during the high-speed shearing process.

[0051] In order to more clearly introduce the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a complete introduction to the method of using the embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] Before conducting the ring shear test, the flange linear bearing pad 14 and the flange linear bearing 13 can be connected to the upper shear box connecting plate 10 in sequence by screws, and then the flange linear bearing 13 is passed through the column through hole 27, and the column 12 is passed through the flange linear bearing 13. The upper end of the column 12 is screwed to the column pressure plate 11, and the lower end is directly connected to the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8. At the same time, the O-ring 7 is placed in the groove of the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8, and then the positioning boss 18 of the first crossbeam plate 16 is connected to the groove 26 of the upper shear box connecting plate 10 by the hexagonal cylindrical head screw 9. Then the end rotating square combination seal 4, the rotating shaft toothed combination seal 5, and the rotating hole gray ring 19 are placed in the lower shear box 3, and finally the sealing ring pressure plate 21 is fixed to the lower shear box 3 by threaded connection.

[0053] When a ring shear test is to be carried out, first connect the spline shaft 1 to an external motor, drive the spline shaft 1 to rotate through the motor, thread the transmission shaft connecting plate 2 onto the spline shaft 1, and connect the lower shear box 3 to the spline shaft 1 through the rectangular spline teeth 25. Then fix the upper shear box outer ring 6 and the upper shear box inner ring 15 in the groove of the lower shear box 3, and at the same time put filter paper at the bottom of the pressure chamber 22, fill the sample into the pressure chamber 22, and also put filter paper at the top of the pressure chamber 22. Then put the upper shear box annular pressure plate 8, upper shear box connecting plate 10, column pressure plate 11, column 12, flange linear bearing 13, flange linear bearing pad 14, first crossbeam plate 16 and upper shear box annular pressure plate 8, which have been installed before the test, into the top of the pressure chamber 22, and then screw the upper shear box outer ring 6 and the upper shear box inner ring 15 to the upper shear box connecting plate 10 through the threaded hole 23. Finally, the second cross beam plate 17 and the first cross beam plate 16 are fastened to the external fixed beam by screws.

[0054] When the test is completed, there is no need to use large tools to assist the operation. Just pull out the upper shear box directly, and then directly pull out the lower shear box 3 from the spline shaft 1. This method of sample removal is simple and fast, does not damage the sample, and can largely preserve the original characteristics of the sample after shearing.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Those skilled in the art should understand that all other embodiments obtained without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test shear box suitable for soil ring shear, characterized by: It includes a spline shaft, a crossbeam assembly, an upper shear box and a lower shear box, wherein the upper shear box is coaxially arranged with the lower shear box; The upper shear box includes an upper shear box outer ring, an upper shear box inner ring, an upper shear box annular pressure plate and an upper shear box connecting plate, the upper shear box annular pressure plate is arranged outside the upper shear box inner ring, the upper shear box annular pressure plate is connected to the column, the upper end of the column is connected to the column pressure plate, the upper shear box inner ring is arranged on the lower shear box, the upper shear box outer ring is arranged outside the upper shear box annular pressure plate, the upper end of the upper shear box outer ring and the upper end of the upper shear box inner ring are respectively connected to the upper shear box connecting plate; The upper shear box connecting plate is provided with two grooves, which are connected to the crossbeam assembly. The lower shear box is engaged with the spline shaft through rectangular spline teeth. The bottom surface of the lower shear box is connected to the transmission shaft connecting plate on the spline shaft to realize the adjustment of the axial height of the lower shear box. The lower shear box is respectively connected to the upper shear box inner ring and the upper shear box outer ring slots.

2. The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring side wall of the upper shear box is provided with a drainage channel, the bottom of the annular pressure plate of the upper shear box is provided with six evenly distributed shear blades, and the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular pressure plate of the upper shear box are respectively provided with two circles of O-ring grooves; The upper shear box connecting plate is a circular pressing plate. Three column through holes are provided on the upper shear box connecting plate. A drainage channel is provided on the side wall of the column.

3. The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbeam plate includes a first crossbeam plate and a second crossbeam plate, wherein the upper surface of the first crossbeam plate is provided with a first arc-shaped groove; the right end surface of the first crossbeam plate is provided with a positioning boss, and the lower end surface of the second crossbeam plate is provided with a second arc-shaped groove, and the interior of the first crossbeam plate and the interior of the second crossbeam plate are respectively provided with threaded holes penetrating therethrough; The first crossbeam plate and the second crossbeam plate are connected and matched with each other by screws to form an arc-shaped cavity.

4. The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower shear box is annular, the side wall of the lower shear box is provided with a drainage channel, the inner side wall of the outer ring of the lower shear box is provided with a toothed combination seal, the ends of the lower shear box are respectively provided with a square combination seal and a sealing ring pressure plate, and the inner side wall of the lower shear box is provided with a grid ring.

5. The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flange linear bearing is provided in the through hole of the column, the column is placed in the inner hole of the flange linear bearing, and a flange linear bearing pad is provided between the flange linear bearing and the upper shear box connecting plate.

6. The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flange linear bearing is screw-connected to the flange linear bearing pad, and the flange linear bearing pad is screw-connected to the upper shear box connecting plate.

7. The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage channels are all provided with regulating valves.

8. The test shear box suitable for soil ring shear according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber O-ring is provided in the O-ring groove; Wherein, the toothed combined seal comprises a toothed sealing ring and a rubber O-ring, and the square combined seal comprises a square sealing ring and a rubber O-ring.

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