Electromagnetic catapult impact test device and test method

Abstract

The electromagnetic catapult type impact testing machine device and testing method belong to the technical field of impact testing. The present application solves the problem that the existing impact testing machine needs a larger acceleration distance when the impact speed is higher. The first electromagnetic main track and the second electromagnetic main track are fixedly connected to the track supports along the length direction, and the two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks are fixedly connected to the track supports on the two sides of the first electromagnetic main track, respectively. The two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks, the first electromagnetic main track and the second electromagnetic main track all include two parallel straight tracks, the straight tracks are arranged by a plurality of stators along the length direction, and the electromagnetic coils are wound on each stator. The electromagnetic track acceleration device can obtain a larger impact speed in a smaller acceleration distance, greatly improves the automation degree of impact testing, and realizes flexible adjustment and precise control of impact gears.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an electromagnetic ejection type impact test device and test method, and belongs to the technical field of impact testing. BACKGROUND

[0002] The impact testing machine is a detection device for applying impact test force to a test sample to determine the impact resistance of the material under dynamic load, thereby determining the quality condition of the material under the action of dynamic load. The drop hammer type impact testing machine and the pendulum type impact testing machine are the most common impact testing machines, both of which are impact testing machines capable of instantaneously determining and recording the specific curve of the material during the impact process. It is a precision testing instrument for determining the mechanical properties, process properties, internal defects and checking the dynamic unbalance of rotating parts of metal materials, non-metal materials, mechanical parts and engineering structures under various conditions and environments.

[0003] The electromagnetic ejection type impact testing machine is derived from the increasing requirements for the impact performance of materials, parts and equipment, and the need for more precise and controllable testing methods to evaluate their impact resistance. At the same time, because the traditional impact testing methods such as drop hammer type, sliding rail type and pendulum type all rely on gravity to give the impact body a certain initial speed, if a higher impact speed is required, the height of the device itself will be very high, thereby requiring a higher installation environment, and there are also problems such as lower precision control of impact speed and greater environmental interference. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is to solve the above problems, and further provides an electromagnetic ejection type impact test device and test method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is:

[0006] The electromagnetic ejection type impact test device comprises a screw rod adjusting and pushing device, an electromagnetic track acceleration device, a track impact head and a hydraulic centering chuck clamp, the electromagnetic track acceleration device comprises a track support, a sliding rail and an acceleration track, the acceleration track comprises two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks, a first electromagnetic main track and a second electromagnetic main track, the first electromagnetic main track and the second electromagnetic main track are fixedly connected to the track support along the length direction, the two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks are fixedly connected to the track support on the two sides of the first electromagnetic main track respectively, the two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks, the first electromagnetic main track and the second electromagnetic main track all comprise two parallel straight tracks, the straight tracks are arranged along the length direction by a plurality of stators, an electromagnetic coil is wound on each stator, the sliding rail comprises a first sliding rail, a second sliding rail and a third sliding rail, the first sliding rail is arranged between the two straight tracks of the first electromagnetic main track and the second electromagnetic main track, the second sliding rail and the third sliding rail are arranged between the two straight tracks of the corresponding electromagnetic auxiliary track, the track impact head comprises a main sliding way, the main sliding way is in sliding connection with the first sliding rail, a plurality of permanent magnets are bonded on the two sides of the main sliding way, the movement of the permanent magnets is driven by the change of the current in the electromagnetic coil, thereby realizing the movement of the track impact head on the sliding rail, the screw rod adjusting and pushing device is fixedly installed above the electromagnetic track acceleration device, the track impact head is pushed by the screw rod adjusting and pushing device to realize the adjustment of different initial positions, the hydraulic centering chuck clamp is arranged at the end of the electromagnetic track acceleration device, the clamping and position adjustment of the impact test pipe are realized by the hydraulic centering chuck clamp, the track impact head is arranged opposite to the impact test pipe fixed on the hydraulic centering chuck clamp.

[0007] Further, the screw rod adjusting and pushing device comprises a stepping motor, a shaft coupling, a BK support, a screw rod pushing nut, an L-shaped pushing plate, two linear tracks, a screw rod and a BF support, the output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the screw rod through the shaft coupling, the end of the screw rod close to the stepping motor is in rotary connection with the BK support, the other end of the screw rod is in rotary connection with the BF support, the two linear tracks are arranged in parallel with the screw rod, the screw rod pushing nut is threadedly connected on the screw rod and is in sliding connection with the two linear tracks, one end of the L-shaped pushing plate is fixedly connected with the screw rod pushing nut, the other end of the L-shaped pushing plate pushes the track impact head to realize the adjustment of different initial positions.

[0008] Further, the electromagnetic track acceleration device further comprises a start end buffer device, a welding support, an end buffer device, an energy storage system and an electric control system, the welding support is fixedly connected above the track support, the screw rod adjusting and pushing device is fixedly connected on the welding support, the start end buffer device and the end buffer device are fixedly connected at the two ends of the track support respectively, the energy storage system is electrically connected with the electromagnetic auxiliary track, the first electromagnetic main track and the second electromagnetic main track through the electric control system.

[0009] Further, Hall elements are arranged between two adjacent stators.

[0010] Further, the material of the initial end buffer device and the terminal end buffer device is super glue.

[0011] Further, the track impact head further comprises two auxiliary slides and an alloy impact head, the alloy impact head is fixed on the main slide, the two auxiliary slides are fixed on the two sides of the main slide through supports respectively, and the two auxiliary slides are slidably connected with the second slide rail and the third slide rail respectively.

[0012] Further, the hydraulic centering chuck clamp comprises a bottom plate, a clamping frame, two sliding block fixing tracks, a hydraulic cylinder, four centering double rocker sliding block mechanisms and two clamping blocks, the clamping frame is fixed on the bottom plate, the four centering double rocker sliding block mechanisms are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of centering double rocker sliding block mechanisms are arranged in parallel on the clamping frame, the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block of each group of centering double rocker sliding block mechanisms are slidably connected in the sliding block fixing track, the two clamping blocks are fixed on the clamping frame and are arranged opposite to the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block respectively, the two ends of the impact test pipe are clamped through the upper sliding block, the lower sliding block and the clamping block, and the hydraulic cylinder is welded on the bottom plate, the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block of each group of centering double rocker sliding block mechanisms are controlled to move towards each other to clamp and fix the impact test pipe through the elongation of the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] Further, a 1 / 4 circular arc groove is formed on each of the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block, and a 1 / 2 circular arc groove is formed on each of the clamping blocks, and the circular arc grooves of the upper sliding block, the lower sliding block and the clamping block are arranged to form a complete circle to clamp the impact test pipe.

[0014] Further, the size of the circular arc groove on the upper sliding block, the lower sliding block and the clamping block is modularized according to the size of different impact test pipes.

[0015] A test method of the electromagnetic ejection type impact test device, comprising an impact test pipe clamping stage, an impact gear adjusting stage, an impact starting stage and an impact head energy releasing and recycling stage, the impact test pipe clamping stage is to clamp the impact test pipe on the hydraulic centering chuck clamp, the impact gear adjusting stage is to drive the track impact head to the selected initial position by starting the lead screw adjusting and pushing device, the impact starting stage is to accelerate the track impact head by the electromagnetic track accelerating device, and the track impact head impacts the impact test pipe, and the impact head energy releasing and recycling stage is the process from movement to stillness after the track impact head impacts.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following effects:

[0017] The electromagnetic principle is utilized to drive the track impact head to emit, high-speed impact force on the impact test tube is applied, so that the rapid and efficient impact test is realized. The electromagnetic ejection technology can control the impact speed, angle and form and other parameters, and is not disturbed by the environment, has high repeatability and high test precision.

[0018] The electromagnetic track acceleration device can make the track impact head obtain a larger impact speed in a smaller acceleration distance, greatly improve the automation degree of the impact test, reduce the requirements of the device to the installation environment, and greatly reduce the interference degree of the environment.

[0019] The screw adjusting and pushing device accurately controls the track impact head to move to different initial positions, and the electromagnetic track acceleration device accelerates the track impact head, so that the impact force of the track impact head is flexibly adjusted and accurately controlled, and the test range and applicability of the device are improved.

[0020] The modular improvement of the hydraulic centering chuck clamp can adapt to impact test tubes of different sizes, and the hydraulic centering chuck clamp can always keep the impact test tube in the center position of impact, so that the impact energy of the track impact head is maximally utilized, and the impact effect is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The embodiments of the application illustrated in the drawings, and their description, are presented to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application unduly.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the electromagnetic ejection type impact test device;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the screw adjusting and pushing device in the electromagnetic ejection type impact test device;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the electromagnetic track acceleration device in the electromagnetic ejection type impact test device;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track impact head in the electromagnetic ejection type impact test device;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hydraulic centering chuck clamp in the electromagnetic ejection type impact test device;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a side view of the hydraulic centering chuck clamp in the electromagnetic ejection type impact test device;

[0028] In the drawings:

[0029] 1. Screw rod adjusting and pushing device; 1-1, stepping motor; 1-2, coupling; 1-3, BK support; 1-4, screw rod pushing nut; 1-5, L-shaped pushing plate; 1-6, linear rail; 1-7, screw rod; 1-8, BF support;

[0030] 2. Electromagnetic track accelerating device; 2-1, initial end buffer device; 2-2, welding support; 2-3, stator; 2-4, electromagnetic auxiliary track; 2-5, first electromagnetic main track; 2-6, second electromagnetic main track; 2-7, terminal end buffer device; 2-8, track support; 2-9, connecting plate; 2-10, first slide rail; 2-11, second slide rail; 2-12, third slide rail;

[0031] 3. Track impact head; 3-1, main slide; 3-2, permanent magnet; 3-3, auxiliary slide; 3-4, alloy impact head;

[0032] 4. Hydraulic centering chuck clamp; 4-1, clamping frame; 4-2, sliding block fixed rail; 4-3, clamping block; 4-5, hydraulic cylinder; 4-6, centering double rocker sliding block mechanism; 4-7, bottom plate; 4-8, upper sliding block; 4-9, lower sliding block;

[0033] 5. Impact test tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Referring to the drawings Figures 1-6The application discloses an electromagnetic impact test device, which comprises a screw adjusting and pushing device 1, an electromagnetic track accelerating device 2, a track impact head 3 and a hydraulic centering chuck clamp 4. The electromagnetic track accelerating device 2 comprises a track support 2-8, a slide rail and an accelerating track. The accelerating track comprises two auxiliary electromagnetic tracks 2-4, a first main electromagnetic track 2-5 and a second main electromagnetic track 2-6. The first main electromagnetic track 2-5 and the second main electromagnetic track 2-6 are fixed on the track support 2-8 along the length direction. The two auxiliary electromagnetic tracks 2-4 are respectively fixed on the track support 2-8 on the two sides of the first main electromagnetic track 2-5. The two auxiliary electromagnetic tracks 2-4, the first main electromagnetic track 2-5 and the second main electromagnetic track 2-6 all comprise two parallel straight tracks. The straight tracks are arranged along the length direction by a plurality of stators 2-3. Each stator 2-3 is wound with an electromagnetic coil. The slide rail comprises a first slide rail 2-10, a second slide rail 2-11 and a third slide rail 2-12. The first slide rail 2-10 is arranged between the two straight tracks of the first main electromagnetic track 2-5 and the second main electromagnetic track 2-6. The second slide rail 2-11 and the third slide rail 2-12 are arranged between the two straight tracks of the corresponding auxiliary electromagnetic track 2-4. The track impact head 3 comprises a main slide 3-1. The main slide 3-1 is in sliding connection with the first slide rail 2-10. A plurality of permanent magnets 3-2 are adhered on the two sides of the main slide 3-1. The permanent magnets 3-2 are driven to move by the change of the current in the electromagnetic coil, so as to realize the movement of the track impact head 3 on the slide rail. The screw adjusting and pushing device 1 is fixedly installed above the electromagnetic track accelerating device 2. The track impact head 3 is pushed by the screw adjusting and pushing device 1 to realize the adjustment of different initial positions. The hydraulic centering chuck clamp 4 is arranged at the end of the electromagnetic track accelerating device 2. The hydraulic centering chuck clamp 4 is used for clamping and position adjustment of an impact test pipe 5. The track impact head 3 is arranged opposite to the impact test pipe 5 fixed on the hydraulic centering chuck clamp 4. Preferably, the plurality of stators 2-3 are fixed on the track support 2-8 through a connecting plate 2-9. The lengths of the first main electromagnetic track 2-5 and the two auxiliary electromagnetic tracks 2-4 are equal.

[0037] The present application utilizes electromagnetic principle to drive track impact head 3 to launch, and high-speed applies impact force on impact test tube 5, so as to realize rapid and efficient impact test. The electromagnetic ejection technology can control impact speed, angle and form and other parameters, and is not disturbed by environment, has high repeatability and high test precision; the electromagnetic track acceleration device 2 can make the track impact head 3 obtain greater impact speed in smaller acceleration distance, greatly improves the automation degree of impact test, reduces the requirement of the device to the installation environment, and greatly reduces the interference degree of the environment; the lead screw adjusting and pushing device 1 accurately controls the track impact head 3 to move to different initial positions, and the electromagnetic track acceleration device 2 accelerates the track impact head 3, realizes flexible adjustment and accurate control of the impact degree of the track impact head 3, and improves the test range and applicability of the device; the hydraulic centering chuck clamp 4 can always keep the impact test tube 5 in the center position of impact, so that the impact energy of the track impact head 3 is utilized to the maximum extent, and the impact effect is improved.

[0038] The screw rod adjusting and pushing device 1 comprises a stepping motor 1-1, a shaft coupling 1-2, a BK support 1-3, a screw rod pushing nut 1-4, an L-shaped pushing plate 1-5, two linear tracks 1-6, a screw rod 1-7 and a BF support 1-8, the output shaft of the stepping motor 1-1 is connected with the screw rod 1-7 through the shaft coupling 1-2, the end of the screw rod 1-7 close to the stepping motor 1-1 is rotationally connected with the BK support 1-3, the other end of the screw rod 1-7 is rotationally connected with the BF support 1-8, the two linear tracks 1-6 are arranged in parallel with the screw rod 1-7, the screw rod pushing nut 1-4 is threadedly connected on the screw rod 1-7 and is slidingly connected with the two linear tracks 1-6, one end of the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5 is fixedly connected with the screw rod pushing nut 1-4, and the other end of the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5 pushes the track impact head 3 to realize the adjustment of different initial positions. Specifically, the BK support 1-3 and the BF support 1-8 are both standard support seats for screw rods, and the length of the screw rod 1-7 is 775 mm. The BK support 1-3 and the BF support 1-8 support and fix the screw rod 1-7, the torque generated by the stepping motor 1-1 is transmitted to the screw rod 1-7 through the shaft coupling 1-2, the screw rod 1-7 connected through the shaft coupling 1-2 is driven to rotate by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor 1-1, so that the screw rod pushing nut 1-4 moves forward and backward on the screw rod 1-7 quickly, and the two linear tracks 1-6 support and balance the screw rod pushing nut 1-4, so that the movement is more stable and smooth, the other end of the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5 extends below the screw rod 5, when it is necessary to adjust the initial position of the track impact head 3, the track impact head 3 also below the screw rod 5 is pushed by the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5, so that the height difference between the screw rod pushing nut 1-4 and the track impact head 3 is compensated by the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5, the other end of the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5 passes through the screw rod 1-7 and is lapped with the track impact head 3, so that the track impact head 3 can complete the selection of the initial position in the length interval of the screw rod 1-7 under the pushing of the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5, and the selectivity of the impact energy in the impact test is realized by changing the initial position of the track impact head 3.

[0039] The electromagnetic track acceleration device 2 also includes a starting buffer device 2-1, a welding bracket 2-2, an ending buffer device 2-7, an energy storage system, and an electrical control system. The welding bracket 2-2 is fixedly connected above the track support 2-8, and the lead screw adjustment and pushing device 1 is fixedly connected to the welding bracket 2-2. The starting buffer device 2-1 and the ending buffer device 2-7 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the track support 2-8. The energy storage system is electrically connected to the electromagnetic auxiliary track 2-4, the first electromagnetic main track 2-5, and the second electromagnetic main track 2-6 through the electrical control system. The electromagnetic auxiliary track 2-4, the first electromagnetic main track 2-5, and the second electromagnetic main track 2-6 primarily utilize the principle of a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor. The energy storage system releases electrical energy to these tracks via an electronic control system. The electromagnetic coils wound on the stator 2-3 generate a strong, variable-amplitude, linearly moving magnetic field during the transmission of alternating current. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, this changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force with the permanent magnets 3-2 connected to both ends of the track impact head 3. Eddy currents then appear within the track impact head 3. According to Lenz's theorem, the track impact head 3 and the permanent magnets 3-2 exert an attractive force and a force perpendicular to the magnetic field, resulting in a counteracting attraction. The track impact head 3 then moves linearly following the changing magnetic field. When the current reverses, the stator 2-3 generates an opposite magnetic field, and similarly, the force on the track impact head 3 also reverses, allowing it to move in the opposite direction. Since the length and number of turns of the electromagnetic coil wound on stator 2-3 can affect the generated magnetic field, the output performance of the electromagnetic track impact testing machine can be adjusted by changing the length and number of turns of the electromagnetic coil.

[0040] Hall elements are installed between two adjacent stators 2-3. These Hall elements detect the precise position of the track impact head 3. When the track impact head 3 is accelerated in the slide rail, its position is identified by measuring the distance and speed of the track impact head 3 as it approaches or moves away from the Hall elements. This data can be matched with target prediction data, thereby ensuring launch accuracy and effectiveness. Simultaneously, it enables power scheduling for different electromagnetic trajectories, significantly improving the level of automation in the impact test process.

[0041] Both the initial buffer device 2-1 and the final buffer device 2-7 are made of urethane rubber. Specifically, the initial buffer device 2-1 is made of 15mm thick urethane rubber, and the final buffer device 2-7 is made of 40mm thick urethane rubber. Since the initial buffer device 2-1 experiences less impact during the impact of the track impact head 3, a 15mm thick urethane rubber is chosen for the initial part. The final buffer device 2-7 experiences a larger impact load from the track impact head 3, so a 40mm thick urethane rubber is chosen for the final part.

[0042] The track impact head 3 further comprises two auxiliary slides 3-3 and an alloy impact head 3-4 fixed on the top of the main slide 3-1 near the end buffer device 2-7, and the two auxiliary slides 3-3 are respectively fixed on the two sides of the main slide 3-1 through supports and are respectively in sliding connection with the second slide rail 2-11 and the third slide rail 2-12. Specifically, the alloy impact head 3-4 is positioned with the main slide 3-1 through a positioning pin, the lengths of the two auxiliary slides 3-3 are both 40 mm longer than that of the main slide 3-1, and the alloy impact head 3-4 protrudes the main slide rail by 75 mm. This design is to balance the additional torque of the alloy impact head 3-4 and make the track impact head 3 have considerable stability in high-speed acceleration. At the same time, since the speed of metal in the magnetic field is slower than the speed of the magnetic field moving, the phenomenon of slippage occurs, which will affect the accuracy of impact energy feedback and the impact effect. However, the moving speed of the permanent magnet 3-2 in the magnetic field is synchronous with the magnetic field, so embedding six permanent magnets 3-2 on the two sides of the main slide 1 can greatly reduce the impact of slippage on the impact accuracy and improve the economy of the equipment.

[0043] The hydraulic centering chuck clamp 4 comprises a base plate 4-7, a clamping frame 4-1, two slide block fixing rails 4-2, hydraulic cylinders 4-5, four centering double rocker slide block mechanisms 4-6 and two clamping blocks 4-3. The clamping frame 4-1 is fixed on the base plate 4-7, the four centering double rocker slide block mechanisms 4-6 are in two groups, and the two groups of centering double rocker slide block mechanisms 4-6 are arranged in parallel on the clamping frame 4-1. The upper slide block 4-8 and the lower slide block 4-9 of each group of centering double rocker slide block mechanisms 4-6 are in sliding connection in the slide block fixing rail 4-2. The two clamping blocks 4-3 are fixed on the clamping frame 4-1 and are arranged opposite to the upper slide block 4-8 and the lower slide block 4-9, respectively. The two ends of the impact test pipe 5 are clamped by the upper slide block 4-8, the lower slide block 4-9 and the clamping block 4-3. The hydraulic cylinders 4-5 are welded on the base plate 4-7. The extension of the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 4-5 controls the opposite movement of the upper slide block 4-8 and the lower slide block 4-9 of each group of centering double rocker slide block mechanisms 4-6 to clamp and fix the impact test pipe 5. The clamping frame 4-1 is mainly a fixing support of the centering double rocker slide block mechanism 4-6 and can resist a certain impact load. In addition to the clamping and positioning function, the clamping block 4-3 can also resist the main impact load. Therefore, the clamping block 4-3 is preferably made of high-strength material.

[0044] A 1 / 4 circular arc groove is formed on each of the upper slide block 4-8 and the lower slide block 4-9, and a 1 / 2 circular arc groove is formed on each of the clamping blocks 4-3. The circular arc grooves of the upper slide block 4-8, the lower slide block 4-9 and the clamping block 4-3 form a complete circumference to clamp the impact test pipe 5.

[0045] The size of the upper slide block 4-8, the lower slide block 4-9 and the upper arc groove of the clamping block 4-3 is modularly customized according to the size of the impact test tube 5. When other size of the impact test tube 5 needs to be replaced, only the upper slide block 4-8, the lower slide block 4-9 and the clamping block 4-3 are replaced with the matched modules, and the clamping block 4-3 is moved to the corresponding position, then positioned by the pin and locked by the screw. The guide groove is opened on the slide block fixing rail 4-2, which plays a stabilizing role on the linear movement direction of the upper slide block 4-8 and the lower slide block 4-9.

[0046] A test method of an electromagnetic ejection type impact test device, which is specifically divided into an impact test tube clamping stage, an impact gear adjusting stage, an impact starting stage and an impact head energy release and recovery stage.

[0047] The impact test tube clamping stage: first, start the hydraulic cylinder 4-5, check whether the hydraulic cylinder 4-5 is normal, then select the upper slide block 4-8, the lower slide block 4-9 and the clamping block 4-3 with appropriate size according to the size of the impact test tube 5 to be tested, move the clamping block 4-3 to the appropriate position, then lock it by the screw, start the hydraulic cylinder, and clamp and lock the impact test tube 5;

[0048] The impact gear adjusting stage: first, check the working state of the power supply system, the energy storage system and each component, then pass a small current into the electromagnetic auxiliary rail 2-4, the first electromagnetic main rail 2-5 and the second electromagnetic main rail 2-6 to generate an opposite force to the impact direction, so that the rail impact head 3 returns to the position of interacting with the initial end buffer device 2-1, then start the screw rod adjusting and pushing device 1, the L-shaped pushing plate 1-5 interacts with the rail impact head 3, then the rail impact head 3 is moved to the selected initial position, and the opposite force of the electromagnetic rail disappears, and the screw nut returns to the initial position;

[0049] The impact starting stage: the energy storage system releases energy, the electromagnetic auxiliary rail 2-4, the first electromagnetic main rail 2-5 and the second electromagnetic main rail 2-6 completely run, the rail impact head 3 is accelerated along the slide rail, when the Hall element at the end of the electromagnetic auxiliary rail 2-4 and the first electromagnetic main rail 2-5 detects that the rail impact head 3 passes, the electric energy on the electromagnetic auxiliary rail 2-4 and the first electromagnetic main rail 2-5 decreases, the rail impact head 3 impacts the impact test tube 5, and after the rail impact head 3 impacts the impact test tube 5, if the Hall element at the end of the second electromagnetic main rail 2-6 does not detect that the rail impact head 3 passes after a few seconds, the whole rail stops working;

[0050] The impact head energy release recovery stage: if the impact test tube 5 is not broken by the impact, the track impact head 3 rebounds in the opposite direction of the impact direction, at this time the track impact head 3 has high energy, because the direction of motion is opposite, the accelerating magnetic field of the second electromagnetic main track 2-6 becomes a decelerating magnetic field at this time, after the track impact head 3 is decelerated by the second electromagnetic main track 2-6, the Hall element on the second electromagnetic main track 2-6 detects the speed reduction of the track impact head 3, then the electromagnetic track acceleration device 2 stops working, and the track impact head 3 naturally decelerates to a standstill; if the track impact head 3 still maintains a high speed after being decelerated by the second electromagnetic main track 2-6, the track impact head 3 will be decelerated to a standstill by the electromagnetic auxiliary track 2-4 and the first electromagnetic main track 2-5. If the impact test tube 5 is broken by the impact and the track impact head does not rebound immediately, the track impact head 3 will collide with the end buffer device 2-7, release part of the energy, and then rebound or be stationary at this point; if the track impact head 3 is stuck together with the impact test tube 5 after the impact, the experimental personnel need to stop the machine for processing.

[0051] Obviously, the above disclosed embodiments of the application are only used to help explain the application. The embodiments do not describe all the details and do not limit the application to the specific embodiments. According to the content of the specification, many modifications and changes can be made. The specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the application. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaust all the embodiments.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic catapult impact testing apparatus, characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of electromagnetic track acceleration device, including screw rod adjusting grade pushing device, electromagnetic track acceleration device, track impact head and hydraulic centering chuck clamp, the electromagnetic track acceleration device includes track support, slide rail and acceleration track, the acceleration track includes two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks, first electromagnetic main track and second electromagnetic main track, the first electromagnetic main track and second electromagnetic main track are fixedly connected along length direction in track support, two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks are respectively fixedly connected in the track support of first electromagnetic main track two sides, two electromagnetic auxiliary tracks, first electromagnetic main track and second electromagnetic main track all include two parallelly arranged straight tracks, the straight track is arranged by multiple stators along length direction, each described stator is all wound electromagnetic coil, the slide rail includes first slide rail, second slide rail and third slide rail, the first slide rail is arranged between the two straight tracks of first electromagnetic main track and second electromagnetic main track, second slide rail and third slide rail are arranged between the two straight tracks of corresponding electromagnetic auxiliary track, the track impact head includes main slide, the main slide is slidably connected with first slide rail, a plurality of permanent magnets are bonded in the two sides of the main slide, the movement of permanent magnet is driven by the change of current in the electromagnetic coil, to realize the movement of track impact head on slide rail, the screw rod adjusting grade pushing device is fixedly installed above electromagnetic track acceleration device, different initial positions are adjusted by screw rod adjusting grade pushing device to push track impact head, hydraulic centering chuck clamp is arranged in the end of electromagnetic track acceleration device, and the clamping and position adjustment of impact test tube are realized by hydraulic centering chuck clamp, track impact head is arranged opposite with impact test tube fixed on hydraulic centering chuck clamp; The screw rod adjusting grade pushing device includes stepper motor, shaft coupling, BK support, screw pushing nut, L-shaped pushing plate, two linear tracks, screw rod and BF support, the output shaft of stepper motor is connected with screw rod through shaft coupling, the end of screw rod close to stepper motor is rotatably connected with BK support, the other end of screw rod is rotatably connected with BF support, the two linear tracks are arranged in parallel with screw rod, the screw pushing nut is threadedly connected on screw rod and slidably connected with the two linear tracks, one end of L-shaped pushing plate is fixedly connected with screw pushing nut, different initial positions are adjusted by the other end of L-shaped pushing plate to push track impact head; The hydraulic centering chuck clamp includes bottom plate, clamping frame, two slider fixed tracks, hydraulic cylinder, four centering double rocker slider mechanisms and two clamping blocks, the clamping frame is fixed on the bottom plate, the four centering double rocker slider mechanisms are in two groups, two groups of centering double rocker slider mechanisms are arranged in parallel on the clamping frame, the upper slider and lower slider of each group of centering double rocker slider mechanisms are slidably connected in the slider fixed track, the two clamping blocks are fixedly connected on the clamping frame and oppositely arranged with the upper slider and lower slider, the two ends of impact test tube are clamped by the upper slider, lower slider and clamping block, the hydraulic cylinder is welded on the bottom plate, the upper slider and lower slider of each group of centering double rocker slider mechanisms are controlled to move towards each other to clamp and fix impact test tube by the elongation of the extension end of hydraulic cylinder extension. 1 / 4 circular arc groove is arranged on each of the upper slide block and the lower slide block, and 1 / 2 circular arc groove is arranged on each of the clamping blocks, and the circular arc grooves of the upper slide block, the lower slide block and the clamping blocks are arranged to form a complete circle to clamp the impact test pipe; The sizes of the circular arc grooves on the upper slide block, the lower slide block and the clamping blocks are modularized according to the sizes of different impact test pipes.

2. The electromagnetic catapult impact testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The electromagnetic orbit accelerating device further comprises a start end buffer device, a welding support, an end buffer device, an energy storage system and an electric control system, the welding support is fixedly connected above the orbit support, the screw rod adjusting and pushing device is fixedly connected on the welding support, the start end buffer device and the end buffer device are respectively fixedly connected at two ends of the orbit support, and the energy storage system is electrically connected with the electromagnetic auxiliary orbit, the first electromagnetic main orbit and the second electromagnetic main orbit through the electric control system.

3. The electromagnetic catapult impact testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: Hall elements are arranged between two adjacent stators.

4. The electromagnetic catapult impact testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The materials of the start end buffer device and the end buffer device are both high-strength glue.

5. The electromagnetic catapult impact testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The orbit impact head further comprises two auxiliary slides and an alloy impact head, the alloy impact head is fixedly connected on the main slide, the two auxiliary slides are respectively fixedly connected on two sides of the main slide through supports, and the two auxiliary slides are respectively slidably connected with the second slide rail and the third slide rail.

6. A test method for the electromagnetic catapult impact test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by: The impact test pipe clamping stage, the impact gear adjusting stage, the impact starting stage and the impact head energy releasing and recycling stage are included, the impact test pipe clamping stage is to clamp the impact test pipe on the hydraulic centering chuck clamp, the impact gear adjusting stage is to start the screw rod adjusting and pushing device to push the orbit impact head to the selected initial position, the impact starting stage is to accelerate the orbit impact head by the electromagnetic orbit accelerating device, and the impact test pipe is impacted by the orbit impact head, and the impact head energy releasing and recycling stage is the process from movement to stillness after the orbit impact head impacts.

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