Phased array flaw detection system for variable cross-section area of turnout switch rail

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of material structure testing, and provides a phased array flaw detection system for a variable cross-section area of a turnout switch rail, the system uses a plurality of ultrasonic probes, the parameters of the plurality of ultrasonic probes are the same, and the plurality of ultrasonic probes are uniformly distributed on a non-working surface of the variable cross-section area of the turnout switch rail; wherein the parameter setting range of the ultrasonic probe is as follows: the frequency of a transducer of the ultrasonic probe is between 2 MHz and 2.5 MHz; the number of transducer array elements of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 64; the center distance of transducer array elements of the ultrasonic probe is less than or equal to 1.0 mm; the width of a transducer array element of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm; and the center distance of transducer array elements of the ultrasonic probe is greater than the width of the transducer array elements. According to the invention, full-section automatic detection can be carried out on the variable cross-section area of the turnout switch rail, the detection efficiency and precision are improved, and the labor cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of material structure testing, and in particular relates to a phased array flaw detection system for a switch point rail variable cross-section area. Background Art

[0002] The turnout point rail is a crucial component of the turnout mechanism, located at the front end of the turnout. As a critical component of the train turning mechanism in railway systems, the turnout point rail is subjected to repeated train loads and frequent fluctuations in ambient temperature during operation. These complex factors, combined, make the turnout point rail susceptible to internal and surface defects. Once a defect develops, the constant impact of the longitudinal and lateral dynamic loads caused by wheel-rail interaction can cause the point rail to fail suddenly and without warning. More seriously, this failure can cause the defect in the point rail to rapidly expand or even break, leading to major accidents such as train derailments, resulting in casualties and significant economic losses. Given the importance of turnout points and their demanding operating conditions, regular inspection and maintenance are crucial. Promptly detecting damage and defects in the point rail can effectively prevent future failures and ensure railway safety.

[0003] Ultrasonic flaw detectors and other equipment can be used to detect defects such as cracks inside switch rails. However, the existing switch rail flaw detection process requires frequent replacement and movement of ultrasonic probes, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and carries a high risk of missed detections. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a phased array flaw detection system for the variable cross-section area of ​​the switch point rail, so as to automatically perform full-section inspection on the variable cross-section area of ​​the switch point rail, thereby improving inspection efficiency and accuracy and saving labor costs.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a phased array flaw detection system for a switch rail with a variable cross-section. The system uses multiple ultrasonic probes, each having the same parameters and evenly distributed on a non-working surface of the switch rail with a variable cross-section. Among them, the parameter setting range of the ultrasonic probe is: The transducer frequency of the ultrasonic probe is between 2-2.5 MHz; The number of transducer array elements of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 64; The center distance of the transducer array element of the ultrasonic probe is less than or equal to 1.0 mm; The transducer array element width of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm; Furthermore, the center distance between the transducer elements of the ultrasonic probe is greater than the width of the transducer elements.

[0006] As a possible implementation, the parameters of the ultrasonic probe are set as follows: transducer frequency 2.25 MHz, number of transducer elements 64, transducer element center distance 0.6 mm, and transducer element width 0.5 mm.

[0007] As a possible implementation, the non-working surface of the variable cross-section area includes: the side surface of the rail head and the bottom surface of the rail; A portion of the plurality of ultrasonic probes are evenly arranged on the side surface of the rail head along the rail direction at a preset first interval; Another part of the plurality of ultrasonic probes is evenly arranged on the rail bottom surface along the rail direction at a preset second interval; The first distance and the second distance are determined according to parameters of the ultrasonic probe.

[0008] As a possible implementation method, the ultrasonic probe is arranged on an inclined surface of organic glass; The ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe passes through the organic glass and is incident obliquely into the interior of the switch rail.

[0009] As a possible implementation, the system further includes: a magnetic part and a clamping device; The magnetic part is fixed on the switch rail; The magnetic part is connected to the clamping device, and the clamping device is connected to the ultrasonic probes on the side surface of the rail head and the bottom surface of the rail to fix the ultrasonic probes.

[0010] As a possible implementation, the system further includes: a server; The server is used to: receiving detection signals from the plurality of ultrasonic probes; performing temperature compensation on the detection signal; Damage is identified based on the temperature-compensated detection signal.

[0011] As a possible implementation manner, performing temperature compensation on the detection signal includes: Get the current temperature; Compensating the phase of the detection signal according to the current temperature and a preset functional relationship between the phase of the detection signal and the temperature; According to the pre-constructed discrete correspondence between the amplitude influence coefficient and the temperature, the target amplitude influence coefficient corresponding to the current temperature is determined by interpolation, and based on the target amplitude influence coefficient, the amplitude of the detection signal is iteratively compensated until the compensated residual signal is less than the preset value.

[0012] As a possible implementation method, a discrete correspondence between the amplitude influence coefficient and temperature is pre-built, including: Within a preset temperature range, determining a plurality of temperatures at equal intervals, and obtaining a detection signal of the ultrasonic probe at each temperature as a reference signal to obtain a reference signal set; Select any one reference signal in the reference signal set as a Gabor atom; Based on a matching algorithm of Gabor function, other reference signals in the reference signal set are matched with the Gabor atoms respectively to obtain a discrete corresponding relationship between the amplitude influence coefficient and the temperature.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The system of the embodiment of the present invention forms a phased array flaw detection system by evenly distributing multiple ultrasonic probes on the non-working surface of the switch point rail variable cross-section area, thereby achieving comprehensive coverage detection of the switch point rail variable cross-section area and effectively avoiding missed detection; the parameter setting range of the ultrasonic probe is designed as follows: the transducer frequency is between 2-2.5MHz to ensure the focusing effect; the number of transducer elements is greater than or equal to 64 to ensure the detection capability of the far surface area; the center distance of the transducer elements is less than or equal to 1.0mm, and the width of the transducer elements is greater than or equal to 0.2mm to ensure the detection capability of the near surface area. Through the above-mentioned design parameters, only one probe is needed to achieve good detection capability when detecting different positions of the switch point rail variable cross-section area. Through the design of the phased array and the probe parameters, the present invention can reduce the frequent replacement and movement of probes during the switch point rail flaw detection operation, thereby improving the detection efficiency and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an application scenario of a phased array flaw detection system for a switch point rail with a variable cross-section area provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG2( a ) is a schematic diagram of a sound field corresponding to a frequency of 2.25 MHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG2( b ) is a schematic diagram of the sound field corresponding to a frequency of 5 MHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG2( c ) is a schematic diagram of a sound field corresponding to a frequency of 10 MHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG3 (a) is a schematic diagram of a sound field corresponding to 32 array elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG3( b ) is a schematic diagram of the sound field corresponding to 64 array elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG3( c ) is a schematic diagram comparing axial sound pressure distributions of different array elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG3( d ) is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of lateral sound pressure distributions of different array elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG4 (a) is a schematic diagram of a sound field corresponding to a center distance of 0.4 mm provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG4( b ) is a schematic diagram of the sound field corresponding to a center distance of 0.6 mm provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG4 (c) is a schematic diagram of the sound field corresponding to a center distance of 1.0 mm provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG4( d ) is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of axial sound pressure distributions at different center distances provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG4( e ) is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of lateral sound pressure distribution at different center distances provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG5( a ) is a schematic diagram of the sound field corresponding to an array element width of 0.2 mm provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG5( b ) is a schematic diagram of the sound field corresponding to an array element width of 0.5 mm provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG5( c ) is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of axial sound pressure distributions for different array element widths provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG5( d ) is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of lateral sound pressure distributions for different array element widths provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the probe installation provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is the second probe installation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In the following description, specific details such as particular system structures and techniques are provided for purposes of illustration, not limitation, to facilitate a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.

[0017] In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below.

[0018] The switch rail is a crucial component of the switch mechanism, located at the front end of the switch. It typically consists of two movable rails and connecting parts, working in conjunction with the stock rails. Externally, the rail is wide at one end and narrow at the other. The narrow end can be manipulated by the switch mechanism to swing left and right, guiding the train from one track to the other. When the switch needs to change the train's direction, the switch mechanism operates, moving the rail through connecting rods and other transmission devices. For example, when a train travels from a straight track to a side track, the rail moves to one side, bringing the tip of the rail into close contact with the stock rail on the other side. At this point, the train wheel flanges can travel along the new track formed by the rails and stock rails, completing the turn.

[0019] Traditional turnout rail flaw detection requires a combination of multiple instruments and manual inspection for the rail head, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. For example, when the rail head width is greater than 50mm, a rail flaw detector is used, and if necessary, a weld flaw detector probe is used to recheck the rail head. When the rail head width is less than 50mm, a weld flaw detector and manual inspection are combined. For the rail foot, a combination of manual inspection and visual inspection is required, which is inefficient, has a high probability of missed detection, and low detection accuracy.

[0020] The embodiment of the present invention provides a phased array flaw detection system for a switch point rail with a variable cross-section area, which can effectively perform comprehensive inspections on the rail head and rail bottom of the switch point rail, with high inspection accuracy, labor cost savings, and high inspection efficiency.

[0021] The phased array flaw detection system for the switch rail variable cross-section area uses multiple ultrasonic probes, which are evenly distributed on the non-working surface of the switch rail variable cross-section area. The switch rail variable cross-section area here refers to the area on the switch rail where the cross-section size changes from the tip of the switch rail to the point where it meets the stock rail. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the inner side of the tip of the switch rail contacts the wheel, and the outer side of the tip is the non-working surface. Ultrasonic probes can be evenly distributed on the non-working surface along the track direction.

[0022] Among them, multiple ultrasonic probes use unified parameters, and the parameter setting range is: (1) The transducer frequency of the ultrasonic probe is between 2-2.5 MHz.

[0023] Higher frequencies result in shorter ultrasonic wavelengths, higher detection resolution, and the ability to detect smaller defects, but relatively weaker penetration. Lower frequencies, however, result in longer wavelengths and stronger penetration, but lower resolution. This example simulates and analyzes transducer frequencies of 2.0 MHz, 2.25 MHz, 2.75 MHz, 3.0 MHz, 3.5 MHz, 4.0 MHz, 5.0 MHz, and 10.0 MHz, comparing the focusing effects of ultrasonic waves at each frequency at a set depth (determined by the detection requirements of the switch point rail). Analysis of the simulation results reveals that, under the same conditions, the focused acoustic field formed at 2.25 MHz has the largest focal column height and the lowest axial beam attenuation. This allows for coverage of defects at multiple depths and wide-area scanning, making the 2.25 MHz probe the preferred choice. Images of the probe's focused acoustic field amplitude at selected frequencies are shown in Figures 2(a)-2(c). Among them, Figure 2 (a) shows the sound field corresponding to the frequency of 2.25 MHz, Figure 2 (b) shows the sound field corresponding to the frequency of 5 MHz, and Figure 2 (c) shows the sound field corresponding to the frequency of 10 MHz.

[0024] (2) The number of transducer array elements of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 64.

[0025] The number of transducer elements refers to the number of independent transducer units included in an ultrasonic transducer array. This embodiment analyzes the effect of the number of transducer elements on the focal area sound field distribution through simulation, thereby determining the effect of the number of transducer elements on the far surface area detection capability.

[0026] For example, the effect of the number of array elements on the sound field distribution in the focal area was analyzed when the number of array elements was set to 32 and 64, respectively. The sound field distributions are shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), with the axial sound pressure distribution compared in Figure 3(c), and the lateral sound pressure distribution compared in Figure 3(d). It can be concluded that the sound pressure intensity in the far-surface focal area is higher for the 64-element array than for the 32-element array, and the axial width of the focal area is significantly narrower. To ensure resolution and sensitivity in the far-surface detection area, the minimum number of array elements is 64.

[0027] (3) The center distance between the transducer elements of the ultrasonic probe is less than or equal to 1.0 mm.

[0028] Transducer element center-to-center distance refers to the distance between the centers of two adjacent elements in a transducer array. To analyze the impact of transducer element center-to-center distance on near-surface detection capabilities, assuming a center frequency of 2.25 MHz and 64 elements, the element center-to-center distance p was set to 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 1.0 mm, respectively. The acoustic field distributions are shown in Figures 4(a) through 4(c). Figure 4(a) shows the acoustic field at 0.4 mm, Figure 4(b) shows the acoustic field at 0.6 mm, and Figure 4(c) shows the acoustic field at 1.0 mm. A comparison of their axial acoustic pressure distributions is shown in Figure 4(d), and a comparison of their lateral acoustic pressure distributions is shown in Figure 4(e).

[0029] It can be concluded that the smaller the distance between the array element centers, the larger the focal area. The focal area is smallest when p = 1.0 mm. Due to the presence of obvious grating lobes, acoustic energy leakage occurs, and the acoustic field energy is minimized. Figures 4 (d) and 4 (e) show the axial and lateral sound pressure distributions in the focal area. It can be seen that when p = 0.4 mm, the focal area width and sound pressure intensity are significantly higher than those in the other two cases, resulting in a wider coverage area and higher detection sensitivity. When p = 0.6 mm, the sound field intensity of the main sound beam is slightly lower than that when p = 0.4 mm. When p = 1.0 mm, the presence of grating lobes causes more severe acoustic energy leakage in the main sound beam. Therefore, for near-surface defect detection, the center-to-center distance between the transducer array elements needs to be less than or equal to 1.0 mm.

[0030] (4) The transducer array element width of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm.

[0031] The transducer element width refers to the width dimension of each element in the transducer array. The impact of element width on near-surface detection capabilities is analyzed. Assuming a center frequency of 2.25 MHz, 64 elements N, a center-to-center spacing p of 0.6 mm, and element widths d set to 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively, the acoustic field distributions are shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b). It can be seen that, when only the element width is changed, a smaller element width results in a smaller focal zone. However, Figures 5(c) to 5(d) show that when the element width is 0.5 mm, the acoustic field energy in the focal zone is significantly higher than when the element width is 0.2 mm, resulting in higher axial and lateral resolution and stronger detection capabilities. Therefore, for focused detection, the transducer element width should be greater than or equal to 0.2 mm to avoid generating grating lobes.

[0032] In this embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic probe is designed with the following parameter settings: the transducer frequency is between 2 and 2.5 MHz to ensure effective focusing; the number of transducer elements is greater than or equal to 64 to ensure detection capability in the far-surface region; the transducer element center distance is less than or equal to 1.0 mm, and the transducer element width is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm to ensure detection capability in the near-surface region. Furthermore, by balancing the transducer element center distance and transducer element width, the transducer element center distance of the ultrasonic probe is greater than the transducer element width. With these design parameters, the ultrasonic probe can simultaneously detect defects in both the near-surface region and the far-surface region with good detection capability. Using only one probe, it is possible to achieve good detection capability at different locations (rail head and rail foot) in the cross-section region of the switch rail. Furthermore, by evenly distributing multiple ultrasonic probes on the non-working surface of the switch point rail variable cross-section area, a phased array flaw detection is formed, thereby achieving comprehensive coverage detection of the switch point rail variable cross-section area, effectively avoiding missed detections; through the design of phased array and probe parameters, the present invention can reduce the frequent replacement and movement of probes during the switch point rail flaw detection operation, thereby improving detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0033] The following describes the placement of ultrasonic probes in this system through an embodiment.

[0034] See also Figure 6 As shown, the turnout point rail mainly detects the rail head and rail base. For the rail head, the probe is designed to fit tightly against the non-working surface of the rail head. For example, the rail head inspection starts at the top of the turnout point rail tip. Probes (1A) are evenly distributed along the rail head at a first spacing L1 (related to the parameters of the ultrasonic probe, which can be determined experimentally). This spacing arrangement facilitates detailed inspection of the rail head area. Probes (1A) can perform precise internal scanning along the rail head. This inspection method can achieve efficient and accurate detection of damage at specific locations on the rail head. Through this fixed-position flaw detection, small cracks, defects or other damage to the rail can be discovered in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the rail. For the rail base, a fixed-point inspection method is also adopted. Probe 1B sets a detection point every second spacing L2mm (related to the parameters of the ultrasonic probe, which can be determined experimentally) to achieve a comprehensive scan of the rail base. This orderly layout of detection points not only improves the detection coverage rate, but also makes the detection process more efficient, helping to timely discover and deal with potential damage problems, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of railway operations.

[0035] Furthermore, magnetic parts and clamping devices can be used to ensure the stability of the installed probe. Figure 6As shown, the magnetic part is fixed on the turnout point rail, the magnetic part is connected to the clamping device (probe clamp), and the clamping device is connected to the ultrasonic probes on the side surface of the rail head and the bottom surface of the rail, so that the ultrasonic probes can be stably fixed on the rail head and the bottom surface of the rail.

[0036] Further, such as Figure 7 As shown, the ultrasonic probe can be placed on the inclined surface of the organic glass. The ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe passes through the organic glass and is incident obliquely into the inside of the switch rail. By matching the probe with an organic glass wedge of a specific size, the detection thickness range is expanded and the coupling performance with the workpiece is improved.

[0037] In one embodiment, the server receives detection signals from multiple ultrasonic probes, performs temperature compensation on the detection signals, and identifies damage, as described in detail below.

[0038] (1) Within a preset temperature range, multiple temperatures are determined at equal intervals, and the detection signal of the ultrasonic probe at each temperature is obtained as a reference signal to obtain a reference signal set.

[0039] For example, a signal may be measured every 3°C within a temperature range of 39°C to 54°C to form a set of reference signals.

[0040] (2) Establish the functional relationship between the phase of the reference signal and temperature: ToA = f (T).

[0041] (3) Select any reference signal in the reference signal set as the Gabor atom, and match the other reference signals in the reference signal set with the Gabor atom based on the matching algorithm of the Gabor function to obtain the discrete corresponding relationship between the amplitude influence coefficient and temperature.

[0042] (4) Get the current temperature.

[0043] (5) Compensate the phase of the detection signal based on the current temperature and the functional relationship between the phase of the detection signal and the temperature.

[0044] (6) If the temperature is not within the reference temperature range, the target amplitude influence coefficient corresponding to the current temperature is determined by interpolation according to the pre-established discrete correspondence between the amplitude influence coefficient and the temperature, and the amplitude of the detection signal is iteratively compensated based on the target amplitude influence coefficient until the compensated residual signal is less than the preset value.

[0045] For example, the compensation signal (T) can be expressed as: (T)= *A(T), where is the reference signal, and A(T) is the amplitude influence coefficient at temperature T.

[0046] After the first compensation, calculate the residual signal: =S(T)- (T).

[0047] For the residual signal Perform matching and compensation again to obtain a new compensation signal (T).

[0048] Repeat the above steps for multiple iterations until the residual signal is small enough.

[0049] In this way, the effect of temperature on the amplitude and phase of the signal can be eliminated.

[0050] In combination with the above embodiments, the present invention designs a phased array ultrasonic detection method and equipment for the entire cross-section of the rail head and rail bottom in the variable-section area of ​​the switch point rail, which can timely and accurately detect damage to the rail head and rail bottom in the variable-section area of ​​the switch point rail. The beneficial effects include: only one probe is used for positioning detection, which reduces the frequent replacement and movement of probes during the switch point rail flaw detection operation; the rail head part uses the non-working surface of the switch point rail as the positioning surface, and can scan the rail head at a distance of L1mm to achieve fixed-position rail head flaw detection; the rail bottom part is scanned at a distance of L2mm to achieve fixed-position rail bottom flaw detection, reducing the cost of manual operation; the use of magnetic parts and clamping devices helps to fix the probe; the use of a temperature compensation algorithm can reduce the flaw detection error caused by temperature changes and improve the detection accuracy.

[0051] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phased array flaw detection system for a switch point rail with a variable cross-section, characterized in that: The system uses a plurality of ultrasonic probes, the parameters of the plurality of ultrasonic probes are the same, and the plurality of ultrasonic probes are evenly distributed on the non-working surface of the switch point rail cross-section variable area; Among them, the parameter setting range of the ultrasonic probe is: The transducer frequency of the ultrasonic probe is between 2-2.5 MHz; The number of transducer array elements of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 64; The center distance of the transducer array element of the ultrasonic probe is less than or equal to 1.0 mm; The transducer array element width of the ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm; Furthermore, the center distance between the transducer elements of the ultrasonic probe is greater than the width of the transducer elements.

2. The phased array flaw detection system for switch point rail variable cross-section areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of the ultrasonic probe are set as follows: transducer frequency 2.25 MHz, number of transducer array elements 64, transducer array element center distance 0.6 mm, and transducer array element width 0.5 mm.

3. The phased array flaw detection system for switch point rail variable cross-section areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-working surface of the variable cross-section area includes: the side surface of the rail head and the bottom surface of the rail; A portion of the plurality of ultrasonic probes are evenly arranged on the side surface of the rail head along the rail direction at a preset first interval; Another part of the plurality of ultrasonic probes is evenly arranged on the rail bottom surface along the rail direction at a preset second interval; The first distance and the second distance are determined according to parameters of the ultrasonic probe.

4. The phased array flaw detection system for switch point rail variable cross-section areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic probe is arranged on the inclined surface of the organic glass; the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe passes through the organic glass and is incident obliquely into the interior of the switch rail.

5. The phased array flaw detection system for switch point rail variable cross-section area according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: Magnetic parts and clamping devices; The magnetic part is fixed on the switch rail; The magnetic part is connected to the clamping device, and the clamping device is connected to the ultrasonic probes on the side surface of the rail head and the bottom surface of the rail to fix the ultrasonic probes.

6. The phased array flaw detection system for switch point rail variable cross-section areas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: server; The server is used to: receiving detection signals from the plurality of ultrasonic probes; performing temperature compensation on the detection signal; Damage is identified based on the temperature-compensated detection signal.

7. The phased array flaw detection system for switch point rail variable cross-section areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The performing temperature compensation on the detection signal includes: Get the current temperature; Compensating the phase of the detection signal according to the current temperature and a preset functional relationship between the phase of the detection signal and the temperature; According to the pre-constructed discrete correspondence between the amplitude influence coefficient and the temperature, the target amplitude influence coefficient corresponding to the current temperature is determined by interpolation, and based on the target amplitude influence coefficient, the amplitude of the detection signal is iteratively compensated until the compensated residual signal is less than the preset value.

8. The phased array flaw detection system for switch point rail variable cross-section areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: Pre-build the discrete correspondence between the amplitude influence coefficient and temperature, including: Within a preset temperature range, determining a plurality of temperatures at equal intervals, and obtaining a detection signal of the ultrasonic probe at each temperature as a reference signal to obtain a reference signal set; Select any one reference signal in the reference signal set as a Gabor atom; Based on a matching algorithm of Gabor function, other reference signals in the reference signal set are matched with the Gabor atoms respectively to obtain a discrete corresponding relationship between the amplitude influence coefficient and the temperature.

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