Direct-current transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method, system and equipment based on artificial intelligence

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method, system and device based on artificial intelligence. The method relates to the technical field of DC measurement system monitoring, and comprises the following steps: collecting and processing DC power transmission operation and maintenance data, analyzing the DC power transmission operation and maintenance data, and carrying out comprehensive analysis and optimization adjustment. The DC power transmission operation and maintenance data is collected and processed, the DC power transmission operation and maintenance data is analyzed, the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value are obtained, comprehensive analysis and optimization adjustment are performed, the stability of the DC power transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method is improved, and the decision-making efficiency is improved. The problem that in the prior art, a direct-current transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method is insufficient in stability is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of DC measurement system monitoring, and in particular to a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method, system and equipment based on artificial intelligence. Background Art

[0002] The West-to-East Power Transmission Project transforms abundant energy resources in western China into electricity and transmits it to power-scarce areas along the eastern coast. Direct current (DC) transmission technology is primarily used for high-power, long-distance transmission and relies heavily on intelligent monitoring and fault prediction technologies for transmission systems. By real-time monitoring of system operating parameters and status, and applying machine learning and data mining techniques, a fault prediction model is developed to predict and accurately diagnose potential faults, providing decision support for operations and maintenance personnel.

[0003] The existing DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making system uses digital twin technology to build a digital twin of the DC transmission system, synchronizing the physical system status in real time; blockchain technology ensures that operation and maintenance data cannot be tampered with and is used for responsibility traceability, allowing power grid companies, equipment manufacturers, and maintenance units to share trusted data; edge computing deploys edge servers at converter stations to process sensor data in real time and reduce cloud latency.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN110378061B discloses a collaborative simulation method and device for a UHV DC converter station using multiple simulation tools, including: polling simulation data of a converter station simulation model device engine, and allocating simulation data to nodes according to power business; extracting signal quantities of simulation data, reorganizing the data structure, forming a message and writing it into memory; a DC transmission engineering simulation calculation model reads the reorganized data from memory, performs power system analysis, and writes the analysis signal into a message into memory; a converter station simulation model reads the analysis signal from memory, and displays the simulation analysis results of the converter station, thereby achieving the purpose of realizing full-station simulation of the UHV DC converter station using collaborative simulation of multiple simulation tools for the UHV DC converter station.

[0005] For example, the invention patent publication number CN112883634B discloses a DC measurement system state prediction method and system based on multi-dimensional analysis, including: obtaining monitoring values ​​and key DC operating parameters of the DC measurement system; based on the monitoring values ​​and key DC operating parameters, determining whether the collected data of the DC measurement system is abnormal according to a set first criterion; and if the collected data is normal, determining whether the DC transmission system is abnormal according to a set second criterion.

[0006] However, in the process of implementing the technical solutions of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the present application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems:

[0007] This method is applied in high-altitude and extremely cold areas, and there is a problem of insufficient stability in the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method. In high-altitude areas, due to the thin air, the surface discharge voltage of the insulator is reduced, making it easier for the insulator to reach the discharge condition, thereby causing flashover. The air density in high-altitude areas is low, resulting in an increase in the degree of ionization around the insulator, which reduces the discharge voltage. As the altitude increases, the air pressure decreases, making it easier for the electric field strength on the insulator surface to reach the breakdown threshold. In extremely cold environments, the surface of the insulator is easily covered with ice, forming icicles, which will lead to uneven electric field distribution and local electric field distortion, thereby increasing the risk of breakdown. The ice on the surface of the insulator will cause an increase in leakage current. When the leakage current reaches a certain level, it will cause local arcing and ice flash phenomena, and there is a problem of insufficient stability in the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, system, and device for DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making based on artificial intelligence, thereby solving the problem of insufficient stability of DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making methods in the prior art and improving the stability of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making methods.

[0009] An embodiment of the present application provides a direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method based on artificial intelligence, comprising the following steps: collecting and processing direct current transmission operation and maintenance data; analyzing the direct current transmission operation and maintenance data to obtain an insulator electrical performance evaluation value and an insulator breakdown risk evaluation value; comprehensively analyzing the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value to obtain a direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value; and comparing and analyzing the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and the direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value with a first determination value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, a second determination value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and a third determination value of the direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value to obtain a direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator are: collecting the original data of DC transmission operation and maintenance through monitoring sensors; cleaning and denoising the original data of DC transmission operation and maintenance to obtain DC transmission operation and maintenance data; the DC transmission operation and maintenance data include insulator electrical performance data and insulator breakdown risk data; the insulator electrical performance data include the voltage value of the insulator flashover, the local discharge frequency, the insulator leakage current and the capacitance of the insulator when it is covered with ice; obtaining the voltage value threshold of the insulator flashover, the local discharge frequency threshold, the insulator leakage current threshold, the capacitance threshold of the insulator when it is covered with ice, the weight factor of the voltage value of the insulator flashover, the weight factor of the local discharge frequency, the weight factor of the insulator leakage current and the weight factor of the capacitance of the insulator when it is covered with ice from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database; performing a proportion analysis on the voltage value of the insulator flashover and the voltage value threshold of the insulator flashover, and using the weight factor of the voltage value of the insulator flashover to evaluate the result of the proportion analysis. The insulator is corrected and recorded as the first component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator; the partial discharge frequency and the partial discharge frequency threshold are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the partial discharge frequency is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the second component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator; the insulator leakage current threshold and the insulator leakage current are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the insulator leakage current is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the third component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator; the capacitance of the insulator when iced and the capacitance threshold when iced are processed in proportion, and the weight factor of the capacitance when iced is used to correct the result of the proportion processing, which is recorded as the fourth component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator; the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator represents the data of the first component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator, the second component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator, the third component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator and the fourth component of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator, which jointly quantify the degree of reduction in the surface discharge voltage and the surface electric field strength of the insulator.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the insulator breakdown risk assessment value are as follows: the insulator breakdown risk data include insulator leakage current, insulator surface electric field distortion rate, insulator local arc frequency, insulator ice flash frequency and insulator flashover voltage value; obtaining the insulator leakage current threshold, insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold, insulator local arc frequency threshold, insulator ice flash frequency threshold, insulator flashover voltage value threshold, insulator leakage current weighting factor, insulator surface electric field distortion rate weighting factor, insulator local arc frequency weighting factor, insulator ice flash frequency weighting factor and insulator flashover voltage value weighting factor from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database; performing a proportion analysis on the insulator leakage current and the insulator leakage current threshold, and using the insulator leakage current weighting factor to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the first component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; performing a proportion analysis on the insulator surface electric field distortion rate and the insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold, and using the insulator surface electric field distortion rate weighting factor to correct the result of the proportion analysis. The result is corrected and recorded as the second component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the local arc frequency of the insulator and the local arc frequency threshold of the insulator are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the local arc frequency of the insulator is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the third component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the ice flash frequency of the insulator and the ice flash frequency threshold of the insulator are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the ice flash frequency is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the fourth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs and the voltage value threshold at which the insulator flashover occurs are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the fifth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the insulator breakdown risk assessment value represents the quantitative data of the degree of increase in breakdown risk caused by electric field distortion, which is jointly calculated by the first component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the second component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the third component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the fourth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value and the fifth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific steps of obtaining the stability evaluation value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision are as follows: obtaining the insulator ice thickness threshold, the weight factor of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the weight factor of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and the weight factor of the insulator ice thickness from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database; averaging the insulator electrical performance evaluation values ​​at different insulator electrical performance time detection points, and using the weight factor of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value to correct the averaging result, which is recorded as the first component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value; averaging the insulator breakdown risk evaluation values ​​at different insulator breakdown risk time detection points, and using the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value The weight factor of the averaging process is used to correct the result, which is recorded as the second component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value; the results of the analysis of the insulator ice thickness and the insulator ice thickness threshold ratio at different DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability detection points are averaged, and the weight factor of the insulator ice thickness is used to correct the result of the averaging process, which is recorded as the third component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value; the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value represents the quantitative data of the first component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, the second component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value and the third component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value on the performance and operation stability of the insulator.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps of obtaining the method for optimizing and adjusting the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision are: extracting a first determination value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, a second determination value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and a third determination value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value from a database, and performing comparative analysis with the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, respectively, to obtain the method for optimizing and adjusting the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision; the method for optimizing and adjusting the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision includes an insulator electrical performance optimization and adjustment method, an insulator breakdown risk optimization and adjustment method, and a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability optimization and adjustment method.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific steps of the insulator electrical performance optimization and adjustment method are as follows: if the insulator electrical performance evaluation value is greater than or equal to the first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, there is no need to optimize and adjust the insulator electrical performance; if the insulator electrical performance evaluation value is lower than the first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, at this time if the ice thickness is greater than the preset ice thickness, start the first-level anti-icing plan, start the electric heating wire heating and the high-frequency pulse power supply; if it is detected at the same time that the electric field strength on the insulator surface is greater than the preset insulator surface electric field strength, upgrade to the emergency anti-icing plan, and synchronously adjust the position of the grading ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific steps of the insulator breakdown risk optimization and adjustment method are as follows: if the insulator breakdown risk assessment value is lower than or equal to the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, there is no need to optimize and adjust the insulator breakdown risk; if the insulator breakdown risk assessment value is greater than the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the surface wettability is regulated by voltage to block the conductive path, and when it is detected that the leakage current is greater than the preset leakage current, an AC voltage is applied to reduce the angle between the tangent along the droplet surface and the tangent along the solid surface, and the water droplets evaporate rapidly after being spread, blocking the conductive path, and extinguishing small arcs by high-frequency pulses; and extinguishing large arcs by SF6 jets.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability optimization and adjustment method are as follows: if the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value is greater than or equal to the third DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value, then there is no need to optimize and adjust the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability; if the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value is lower than the third DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value, then dynamically adjusting the shed spacing through the telescopic mechanism, adjusting the grading ring voltage according to the ambient temperature; if the insulator ice thickness is greater than a preset insulator ice thickness and continues to increase, initiating an emergency state and starting liquid nitrogen spraying for rapid freezing and de-icing; if the insulator leakage current is greater than a preset insulator leakage current and is accompanied by an arc, immediately responding, superimposing graphene conductive layer spraying, and starting a negative ion generator.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application provides an artificial intelligence-based direct current (DC) transmission operation and maintenance decision-making system, comprising a DC transmission operation and maintenance data acquisition module, a DC transmission operation and maintenance data analysis module, a comprehensive analysis module, and an optimization and adjustment module: the DC transmission operation and maintenance data acquisition module is configured to acquire and process DC transmission operation and maintenance data; the DC transmission operation and maintenance data analysis module is configured to analyze the DC transmission operation and maintenance data to obtain an insulator electrical performance evaluation value and an insulator breakdown risk evaluation value; the comprehensive analysis module is configured to obtain a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value through comprehensive analysis of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value; and the optimization and adjustment module is configured to compare and analyze the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value with a first determination value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, a second determination value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and a third determination value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, to obtain a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method.

[0018] An embodiment of the present application provides an artificial intelligence-based direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision-making device, which includes: an electric field sensor monitors the electric field strength on the surface of the insulator to collect the voltage value when the insulator flashes; a pulse current detector records the discharge signal, counts the number of discharge pulses within the insulator electrical performance time detection period, and calculates the discharge frequency per unit time; a leakage current sensor uses a Rogowski coil to measure the leakage current; a capacitance meter collects the capacitance of the insulator when it is covered with ice; an electric field distortion rate detector obtains the electric field distortion rate on the surface of the insulator; an arc counter obtains the local arc frequency of the insulator; and an ice flash counter obtains the ice flash frequency of the insulator.

[0019] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0020] 1. By collecting and processing DC transmission operation and maintenance data, analyzing the data, obtaining the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and insulator breakdown risk assessment value, and comprehensively analyzing and optimizing and adjusting, the stability of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method is improved, solving the problem of insufficient stability of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method in the existing technology.

[0021] 2. By analyzing the DC transmission operation and maintenance data, the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and insulator breakdown risk evaluation value are obtained. Through real-time data monitoring and analysis, changes in insulator performance and potential risks can be discovered in a timely manner, achieving real-time warning and rapid response.

[0022] 3. Through the optimization and adjustment method of DC transmission operation and maintenance decisions, unnecessary inspections and repairs are reduced, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance work, and then achieving reasonable resource allocation and optimized maintenance plans, which can avoid excessive maintenance or waste of resources and effectively reduce operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart of a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method based on artificial intelligence provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present application provide an artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method, system, and device, thereby solving the problem of insufficient stability of DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making methods in the prior art. By collecting and processing DC transmission operation and maintenance data, analyzing the DC transmission operation and maintenance data, obtaining insulator electrical performance evaluation values ​​and insulator breakdown risk evaluation values, and comprehensively analyzing and optimizing and adjusting them, the stability of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method is improved.

[0026] The technical solution in the embodiments of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problem of insufficient stability of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method. The overall idea is as follows:

[0027] By collecting and processing DC transmission operation and maintenance data, analyzing the DC transmission operation and maintenance data, obtaining the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and insulator breakdown risk assessment value, comprehensively analyzing and optimizing and adjusting, the stability of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method is improved.

[0028] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a flow chart of a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method based on artificial intelligence provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided. The method includes the following steps: collecting and processing DC transmission operation and maintenance data; analyzing the DC transmission operation and maintenance data to obtain an insulator electrical performance evaluation value and an insulator breakdown risk evaluation value; comprehensively analyzing the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value to obtain a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value; and comparing and analyzing the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value with a first determination value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, a second determination value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and a third determination value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value to obtain a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method.

[0030] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator are as follows: collecting the original data of DC transmission operation and maintenance through monitoring sensors; cleaning and denoising the original data of DC transmission operation and maintenance to obtain DC transmission operation and maintenance data; the DC transmission operation and maintenance data include insulator electrical performance data and insulator breakdown risk data; the insulator electrical performance data include the voltage value of the insulator when flashover occurs, the frequency of partial discharge, the leakage current of the insulator and the capacitance of the insulator when iced; obtaining the voltage value threshold of the insulator when flashover occurs, the partial discharge frequency threshold, the leakage current threshold of the insulator, the capacitance threshold of the insulator when iced, the weight factor of the voltage value of the insulator when flashover occurs, the weight factor of the partial discharge frequency, the weight factor of the leakage current of the insulator and the weight factor of the capacitance of the insulator when iced from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database; performing a proportion analysis on the voltage value of the insulator when flashover occurs and the voltage value threshold of the insulator when flashover occurs, and using the weight factor of the voltage value of the insulator when flashover occurs to evaluate the results of the proportion analysis. The insulator electrical performance evaluation value is corrected and recorded as the first component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; the partial discharge frequency and the partial discharge frequency threshold are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the partial discharge frequency is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the second component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; the insulator leakage current threshold and the insulator leakage current are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the insulator leakage current is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the third component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; the capacitance of the insulator when iced and the capacitance threshold when iced are processed in proportion, and the weight factor of the capacitance when iced is used to correct the result of the proportion processing, which is recorded as the fourth component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; the insulator electrical performance evaluation value represents the data of the first component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the second component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the third component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the fourth component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, which jointly quantify the degree of reduction in the surface discharge voltage and the surface electric field strength of the insulator.

[0031] In this embodiment, the specific method for obtaining the insulator electrical performance evaluation value through analysis is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] ρ1+ρ2+ρ3+ρ4=1;

[0034] The preset insulator electrical performance time detection points are numbered in sequence, S0 represents the number of the insulator electrical performance time detection point, S0=1, 2, ..., S, and S represents the total number of the insulator electrical performance time detection points.

[0035] Indicates the insulator electrical performance evaluation value at the S0th insulator electrical performance time detection point.

[0036] The voltage value at which the insulator flashes over at the S0th insulator electrical performance time detection point is obtained by monitoring the electric field strength on the insulator surface through a capacitive voltage divider.

[0037] D0 represents the voltage threshold value at which an insulator flashover occurs, which is a preset voltage threshold value at which an insulator flashover occurs obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database. It can be the average voltage value at which an insulator flashover occurs at historical insulator electrical performance time detection points obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0038] A0 represents a partial discharge frequency threshold, which is a preset partial discharge frequency threshold obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database, and can be an average partial discharge frequency within a time period of historical adjacent insulator electrical performance time detection points obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0039] It indicates the partial discharge frequency in the time period between the electrical performance time detection point of the insulator S0-1 and the electrical performance time detection point of the insulator S0. The discharge signal is recorded by the pulse current detector, and the number of discharge pulses is counted in the time period of the adjacent insulator electrical performance time detection points. When S0=1, it is not counted. s0 is recorded as 0.

[0040] L0 represents the insulator leakage current threshold, which is a preset insulator leakage current threshold obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database, and can be the average value of the insulator leakage current at the historical insulator electrical performance time detection points obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0041] It represents the insulator leakage current at the S0th insulator electrical performance time detection point, and the leakage current is measured by a leakage current sensor using a Rogowski coil.

[0042] It represents the capacitance of the insulator when it is covered with ice at the S0th insulator electrical performance time detection point, and is obtained by measuring the capacitance of the insulator when it is covered with ice using a capacitance measuring instrument.

[0043] λ0 represents the capacitance threshold of the insulator when iced, which is a preset capacitance threshold of the insulator when iced obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database. It can be the average capacitance of the insulator when iced at the historical insulator electrical performance time detection points obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0044] ρ1 is the weight factor of the voltage value at which the preset insulator flashover occurs, which is obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0045] ρ2 is the preset partial discharge frequency weight factor obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0046] ρ3 is the preset insulator leakage current weight factor obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0047] ρ4 is the capacitance weight factor of the preset insulator when iced, obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0048] By obtaining a mapping table of weight factors from a database, the corresponding weight factors are quickly extracted based on the current insulator flashover voltage, partial discharge frequency, insulator leakage current, and insulator capacitance when iced. For example, the weight factors for the insulator flashover voltage, partial discharge frequency, insulator leakage current, and insulator capacitance when iced are present. This mapping table defines a clear set of association rules that convert the specific values ​​of the insulator flashover voltage, partial discharge frequency, insulator leakage current, and insulator capacitance when iced into their corresponding weight factors. This mechanism effectively enables dynamic acquisition of weight factors, whether achieving a one-to-one precise match or a many-to-one relationship where multiple parameters are aggregated into a single weight.

[0049] When an insulator is covered with ice, the ice layer will change the surface morphology and electric field distribution of the insulator, resulting in an increase in the capacitance of the insulator when iced, which will cause the voltage value of the insulator flashover to decrease. The higher the capacitance of the insulator when iced, it means that more electrical energy is stored at the same voltage, which is prone to arc discharge. The increase in capacitance when the insulator is covered with ice will cause the electric field strength on the insulator surface to be unevenly distributed, forming local high electric field areas. These areas are prone to local discharge, and the higher the frequency of local discharge, the higher the capacitance of the insulator when iced, which will lead to an increase in the leakage current on the insulator surface, because the increase in capacitance increases the current passing through the insulator surface at the same voltage, thereby increasing the leakage current. Local discharge will produce charge migration and form instantaneous current. The instantaneous current will be superimposed on the leakage current, increasing the total leakage current. The higher the frequency of local discharge, the greater the insulator leakage current.

[0050] There is a positive correlation between the voltage value at which an insulator flashover occurs and the insulator electrical performance evaluation value. The higher the voltage value at which an insulator flashover occurs, the higher the insulator can withstand higher electric field strength without flashover. The greater the voltage value at which an insulator flashover occurs, the greater the insulator electrical performance evaluation value. There is a negative correlation between the frequency of partial discharge and the insulator electrical performance evaluation value. The higher the frequency of partial discharge, the more discharge activity there is on the surface or inside the insulator, which will gradually damage the insulation material and cause a decline in electrical performance. The higher the frequency of partial discharge, the smaller the insulator electrical performance evaluation value. There is a negative correlation between the leakage current of the insulator and the insulator electrical performance evaluation value. The greater the leakage current of the insulator, the worse the insulation performance of the insulator, the presence of insulation defects or contamination. The greater the leakage current of the insulator, the smaller the insulator electrical performance evaluation value. There is a negative correlation between the capacitance of the insulator when covered with ice and the insulator electrical performance evaluation value. The increased capacitance of the insulator when covered with ice will lead to uneven electric field distribution and increase the risk of partial discharge and flashover. The greater the capacitance of the insulator when covered with ice, the smaller the insulator electrical performance evaluation value.

[0051] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the insulator breakdown risk assessment value are as follows: the insulator breakdown risk data include the insulator leakage current, the insulator surface electric field distortion rate, the insulator local arc frequency, the insulator ice flash frequency and the voltage value of the insulator flashover; the insulator leakage current threshold, the insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold, the insulator local arc frequency threshold, the insulator ice flash frequency threshold, the insulator flashover voltage value threshold, the insulator leakage current weighting factor, the insulator surface electric field distortion rate weighting factor, the insulator local arc frequency weighting factor, the insulator ice flash frequency weighting factor and the insulator flashover voltage value weighting factor are obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database; the insulator leakage current and the insulator leakage current threshold are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the insulator leakage current is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the first component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the insulator surface electric field distortion rate and the insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the insulator surface electric field distortion rate is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis. The insulator breakdown risk assessment value is corrected and recorded as the second component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the local arc frequency of the insulator and the local arc frequency threshold of the insulator are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the local arc frequency of the insulator is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the third component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the ice flash frequency of the insulator and the ice flash frequency threshold of the insulator are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the ice flash frequency is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the fourth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs and the voltage value threshold at which the insulator flashover occurs are analyzed in proportion, and the weight factor of the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs is used to correct the result of the proportion analysis, which is recorded as the fifth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; the insulator breakdown risk assessment value represents the quantitative data of the degree of increase in breakdown risk caused by electric field distortion, which is jointly calculated by the first component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the second component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the third component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the fourth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value and the fifth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value.

[0052] In this embodiment, the specific method for obtaining the insulator breakdown risk assessment value through analysis is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] The preset insulator breakdown risk time detection points are numbered in sequence, K0 represents the number of the insulator breakdown risk time detection point, K0=1, 2, ..., K, K represents the total number of the insulator breakdown risk time detection points.

[0055] It represents the insulator breakdown risk assessment value of the K0th insulator breakdown risk time detection point.

[0056] It represents the insulator leakage current at the K0th insulator breakdown risk time detection point.

[0057] H0 represents the insulator leakage current threshold, which is a preset insulator leakage current threshold obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database, and can be the average value of the insulator leakage current at the historical insulator breakdown risk time detection points in the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0058] It represents the electric field distortion rate of the insulator surface at the K0th insulator breakdown risk time detection point, and is obtained by an electric field distortion rate detector.

[0059] B0 represents the insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold, which is a preset insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database, and can be the average value of the insulator surface electric field distortion rate at the historical insulator breakdown risk time detection points obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0060] It represents the local arc frequency of the insulator at the K0th insulator breakdown risk time detection point, and is obtained by the arc counter.

[0061] G0 represents the insulator local arc frequency threshold, which is a preset insulator local arc frequency threshold obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database. It can be the average value of the insulator local arc frequency at the historical insulator breakdown risk time detection points in the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0062] It represents the insulator ice flash frequency at the K0th insulator breakdown risk time detection point, and is obtained through the ice flash counter.

[0063] Q0 represents the insulator ice flash frequency threshold, which is a preset insulator ice flash frequency threshold obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database, and can be the average value of the insulator ice flash frequency at the historical insulator breakdown risk time detection points in the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0064] Indicates the voltage value at which the insulator flashes over at the K0th insulator breakdown risk time detection point.

[0065] P0 represents the voltage threshold for insulator flashover, which is a preset insulator flashover voltage threshold obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database, and can be the average voltage value for insulator flashover at historical insulator breakdown risk time detection points in the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0066] is the preset insulator leakage current weight factor obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0067] is the preset insulator surface electric field distortion rate weight factor obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0068] is the preset insulator local arc frequency weight factor obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0069] is the preset insulator ice flash frequency weight factor obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0070] is the voltage weight factor of the preset insulator flashover value obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0071] By obtaining a mapping table of weight factors from a database, the corresponding weight factors can be quickly extracted based on the insulator leakage current, insulator surface electric field distortion rate, insulator local arc frequency, insulator ice flash frequency, and insulator flashover voltage. For example, the weight factors for insulator leakage current, insulator surface electric field distortion rate, insulator local arc frequency, insulator ice flash frequency, and insulator flashover voltage are calculated. This mapping table defines a clear set of association rules that converts the insulator leakage current, insulator surface electric field distortion rate, insulator local arc frequency, insulator ice flash frequency, and insulator flashover voltage values ​​into their corresponding weight factors. This mechanism effectively enables dynamic acquisition of weight factors, whether achieving a one-to-one exact match or a many-to-one relationship where multiple parameters are aggregated into a single weight.

[0072] The higher the electric field distortion rate on the insulator surface, the more uneven the electric field distribution, resulting in an increase in the insulator leakage current, because the uneven electric field will produce local high electric field areas on the insulator surface, thereby increasing current leakage; as the insulator leakage current increases, the probability of local arc occurrence increases, because a higher leakage current provides more energy to excite the arc, and the larger the insulator leakage current, the higher the frequency of local arcing on the insulator; under icing conditions, the increase in insulator leakage current will aggravate the melting and uneven distribution of the ice layer, thereby increasing the frequency of ice flash. Ice flash is an electric field distortion and discharge phenomenon caused by the uneven melting of the ice layer, and the frequency of ice flash on the insulator increases; the higher the electric field distortion rate on the insulator surface, the more local high electric field areas there are, which trigger local arcs and the higher the frequency of local arcing on the insulator; the higher the insulator leakage current, the worse the insulation performance of the insulator, resulting in a lower flashover voltage value, and the lower the voltage value at which the insulator flashes.

[0073] There is a positive correlation between the insulator leakage current and the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. The larger the insulator leakage current, the lower the insulation performance of the insulator and the increased conductivity, which leads to local overheating, arc discharge, etc., thereby increasing the breakdown risk. The larger the insulator leakage current, the greater the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. There is a positive correlation between the insulator surface electric field distortion rate and the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. The higher the insulator surface electric field distortion rate, the more uneven the electric field distribution on the insulator surface, and the local high electric field area is prone to discharge, thereby increasing the breakdown risk. The higher the insulator surface electric field distortion rate, the greater the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. There is a positive correlation between the insulator local arc frequency and the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. The increase in local arc frequency means More frequent arc discharges on or near the surface of the insulator will gradually damage the insulating material and reduce its insulating performance. The higher the local arc frequency of the insulator, the greater the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; there is a positive correlation between the insulator ice flash frequency and the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. The increase in the ice flash frequency indicates that the insulator is more unstable under icing conditions and is prone to discharge. The increase in the insulator ice flash frequency indicates that the insulator breakdown risk assessment value is greater; there is a negative correlation between the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs and the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. The higher the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs, the more the insulator can withstand higher electric field strength without flashover, and the better its insulation performance and the lower the breakdown risk. The higher the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs, the smaller the insulator breakdown risk assessment value.

[0074] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the stability evaluation value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision are as follows: obtaining the insulator ice thickness threshold, the weight factor of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the weight factor of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and the weight factor of the insulator ice thickness from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database; averaging the insulator electrical performance evaluation values ​​at different insulator electrical performance time detection points, and using the weight factor of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value to correct the averaging result, which is recorded as the first component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value; averaging the insulator breakdown risk evaluation values ​​at different insulator breakdown risk time detection points, and using the weight factor of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value The weight factor is used to correct the result of the averaging process and recorded as the second component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value; the results of the analysis of the insulator ice thickness and the insulator ice thickness threshold ratio at different DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability detection points are averaged, and the weight factor of the insulator ice thickness is used to correct the result of the averaging process and recorded as the third component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value; the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value represents the quantitative data of the first component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value, the second component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value and the third component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value on the performance and operation stability of the insulator.

[0075] In this embodiment, the specific method for obtaining the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] The preset DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability detection points are numbered in sequence, N0 represents the number of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability detection point, N0=1, 2, ..., N, and N represents the total number of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability detection points.

[0078] ξ represents the stability evaluation value of HVDC operation and maintenance decision-making.

[0079] Indicates the insulator electrical performance evaluation value at the S0th insulator electrical performance time detection point. It represents the insulator breakdown risk assessment value of the K0th insulator breakdown risk time detection point.

[0080] It represents the insulator ice thickness at the N0th DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability detection point. The insulator ice thickness is measured in real time using a laser rangefinder.

[0081] φ0 represents the insulator ice thickness threshold, which is a preset insulator ice thickness threshold obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database, and can be the average value of the insulator ice thickness at the historical HVDC operation and maintenance decision stability detection points obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0082] is the weight factor of the preset insulator electrical performance evaluation value obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0083] is the weight factor of the preset insulator breakdown risk assessment value obtained from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database.

[0084] is the preset insulator ice thickness weight factor obtained from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database.

[0085] By obtaining a mapping table of weight factors from a database, the corresponding weight factors can be quickly extracted based on the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, insulator breakdown risk assessment value, and insulator ice thickness. For example, the weight factor for the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the weight factor for the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, and the weight factor for the insulator ice thickness are derived. This mapping table defines a clear set of association rules that convert the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, and the insulator ice thickness into their corresponding weight factors. This mechanism effectively enables dynamic acquisition of weight factors, whether achieving a one-to-one exact match or a many-to-one relationship where multiple parameters are aggregated into a single weight.

[0086] As the thickness of ice coating on the insulator increases, the electrical performance will decline. Ice coating changes the surface morphology and electric field distribution of the insulator, resulting in increased leakage current and increased local arc frequency, and the smaller the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator; ice coating causes electric field distortion, forming local high electric field areas, which can easily trigger discharge and cause cracks or damage on the insulator surface. The thicker the ice coating on the insulator, the higher the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value; the higher the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator, the better its insulation performance and the correspondingly lower breakdown risk, and the smaller the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value.

[0087] There is a positive correlation between the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability evaluation value. The higher the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the better the insulation performance of the insulator and the more stable the operation. The larger the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the greater the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability evaluation value. There is a negative correlation between the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability evaluation value. The higher the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, the greater the possibility of insulator breakdown. The larger the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, the smaller the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability evaluation value. There is a negative correlation between the insulator ice thickness and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability evaluation value. The increase in the insulator ice thickness will lead to a decrease in electrical performance and an increase in the breakdown risk. The thicker the insulator ice thickness, the smaller the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability evaluation value.

[0088] Furthermore, the specific steps of obtaining the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method are: extracting the first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and the third judgment value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value from the database, and comparing and analyzing the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value respectively, to obtain the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method; the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method includes the insulator electrical performance optimization and adjustment method, the insulator breakdown risk optimization and adjustment method and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability optimization and adjustment method.

[0089] Furthermore, the specific steps of the insulator electrical performance optimization and adjustment method are as follows: if the insulator electrical performance evaluation value is greater than or equal to the first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, there is no need to optimize and adjust the insulator electrical performance; if the insulator electrical performance evaluation value is lower than the first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, at this time if the ice thickness is greater than the preset ice thickness, start the first-level anti-icing plan, start the electric heating wire heating and the high-frequency pulse power supply; if it is detected at the same time that the electric field strength on the insulator surface is greater than the preset insulator surface electric field strength, upgrade to the emergency anti-icing plan, and synchronously adjust the position of the grading ring.

[0090] In this embodiment, time series data such as ice thickness, temperature, humidity, and electric field strength in the past hour are collected to reflect changes in the insulator's environment. The collected data are input into the LSTM long short-term memory network prediction model. The LSTM model is good at processing time series data and can capture long-term dependencies in the data. It outputs a predicted value of ice thickness in the next hour. The predicted value is calculated based on the relationship between ice thickness and surface electric field strength. The predicted ice thickness is compared with a preset ice thickness threshold. If the predicted ice thickness is greater than the preset threshold, the first-level anti-icing plan is activated, including activating electric heating wire heating and high-frequency pulse power supply to prevent ice formation by heating the insulator surface. Reduce the amount of ice accumulation, interfere with the growth of ice layers through high-frequency pulse current, and further reduce the risk of icing; while starting the first-level anti-icing plan, continuously detect the electric field strength on the surface of the insulator. If the surface electric field strength is detected to be greater than the preset surface electric field strength threshold, immediately upgrade to the emergency anti-icing plan. On the basis of the first-level anti-icing plan, add the synchronous adjustment of the position of the grading ring to compensate for the electric field distortion caused by icing, balance the electric field distribution, and suppress the increase of local field strength; after the anti-icing plan is started, continuously monitor relevant parameters (such as ice thickness, surface electric field strength, etc.). If all parameters meet the safety standards for 5 minutes, it indicates that the anti-icing measures are effective and the risks are under control. Turn off the heating wire and high-frequency pulse power supply, and end the anti-icing plan.

[0091] Furthermore, the specific steps of the insulator breakdown risk optimization and adjustment method are as follows: if the insulator breakdown risk assessment value is lower than or equal to the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, there is no need to optimize and adjust the insulator breakdown risk; if the insulator breakdown risk assessment value is greater than the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the surface wettability is regulated by voltage to block the conductive path, and when it is detected that the leakage current is greater than the preset leakage current, an AC voltage is applied to reduce the angle between the tangent along the droplet surface and the tangent along the solid surface, and the water droplets evaporate rapidly after being spread, blocking the conductive path, and extinguishing small arcs by high-frequency pulses; and extinguishing large arcs by SF6 jets.

[0092] In this embodiment, the surface wettability is regulated by voltage, the attachment form of water droplets and ice layers is changed in real time, the continuity of the conductive water film is destroyed, and the leakage current on the insulator surface is monitored in real time. Once the leakage current exceeds the preset threshold, the voltage regulation mechanism is immediately activated, and an AC voltage is applied to the insulator surface to make the contact angle change from 110° to 30° instantaneously. The water droplets evaporate quickly after spreading, blocking the conductive path. After the voltage is removed, the contact angle returns to 110°, and the insulator surface returns to its original state. By blocking the conductive path, the leakage current is effectively suppressed and the breakdown risk is reduced. A high-frequency pulse electric field is used to forcibly cut off the arc path, making it impossible to maintain the arc, and the ultraviolet sensor is used to capture the arc. Arc light, real-time monitoring of arc generation. Once an arc is detected, a high-frequency pulse electric field is immediately applied to forcibly cut off the arc channel, so that the arc is quickly extinguished. The high insulation performance of SF6 gas is used to cover the arc area and quickly extinguish the arc. The arc duration is monitored in real time. Once the arc duration exceeds the predicted time, the SF6 jet arc extinguishing mechanism is immediately activated. The high-pressure gas cylinder releases SF6 gas (flow rate 5L / s) to cover the arc area. The SF6 gas quickly extinguishes the arc to prevent further development of the arc. While suppressing leakage current and actively extinguishing the arc, the system's emergency protection mechanism is activated, such as cutting off power supply and alarming, to ensure system safety.

[0093] Furthermore, the specific steps of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability optimization and adjustment method are as follows: if the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value is greater than or equal to the third judgment value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, then there is no need to optimize and adjust the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability; if the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value is lower than the third judgment value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, then the shed spacing is dynamically adjusted through the telescopic mechanism, and the grading ring voltage is adjusted according to the ambient temperature; if the ice thickness of the insulator is greater than the preset insulator ice thickness and continues to grow, the emergency state is activated and liquid nitrogen spraying is started for rapid freezing and de-icing; if the insulator leakage current is greater than the preset insulator leakage current and is accompanied by an arc, an immediate response is performed, graphene conductive layer spraying is superimposed, and a negative ion generator is started.

[0094] In this embodiment, the thickness and growth rate of ice on the insulator surface are monitored in real time. Based on the ice coverage, the shed spacing is dynamically adjusted via a telescopic mechanism. When the ice coverage is thin, the spacing is appropriately reduced; when the ice coverage is thick, the spacing is increased to reduce the impact of the ice layer on the electric field. The voltage of the grading ring is dynamically adjusted to suppress material shrinkage and deformation caused by low temperatures and maintain the normal function of the grading ring. The ambient temperature of the insulator environment is monitored in real time and the voltage of the grading ring is dynamically adjusted based on changes in ambient temperature to compensate for the impact of material shrinkage and deformation. If the ice thickness exceeds a preset value and continues to grow, an emergency situation (requires handling within one hour) is determined. A liquid nitrogen spray system is immediately activated to rapidly freeze and de-ice the insulator. After de-icing, a graphene-containing epoxy coating is sprayed to improve the insulator's conductivity and ice resistance. If high leakage current and arcing are detected, a response mechanism is immediately activated, with an additional spray of graphene-containing epoxy coating to enhance the insulator's conductivity and arc resistance. Simultaneously, a negative ion generator is activated to suppress arc development and prevent further expansion.

[0095] like Figure 2 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision system based on artificial intelligence provided by an embodiment of the present application. The DC transmission operation and maintenance decision system based on artificial intelligence provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: a DC transmission operation and maintenance data acquisition module, a DC transmission operation and maintenance data analysis module, a comprehensive analysis module, and an optimization and adjustment module: the DC transmission operation and maintenance data acquisition module is used to acquire and process DC transmission operation and maintenance data; the DC transmission operation and maintenance data analysis module is used to analyze the DC transmission operation and maintenance data to obtain an insulator electrical performance evaluation value and an insulator breakdown risk evaluation value; the comprehensive analysis module is used to obtain a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value through comprehensive analysis of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value; the optimization and adjustment module is used to compare and analyze the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value with a first determination value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, a second determination value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and a third determination value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value to obtain a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method.

[0096] The embodiment of the present application also provides an artificial intelligence-based direct current transmission operation and maintenance decision-making device, which includes an electric field sensor that monitors the electric field strength on the surface of the insulator and collects the voltage value when the insulator flashes; a pulse current detector that records the discharge signal, counts the number of discharge pulses within the time detection period of the insulator electrical performance, and calculates the discharge frequency per unit time; a leakage current sensor that uses a Rogowski coil to measure the leakage current; a capacitance meter that collects the capacitance of the insulator when it is covered with ice; an electric field distortion rate detector that obtains the electric field distortion rate on the surface of the insulator; an arc counter that obtains the local arc frequency of the insulator; and an ice flash counter that obtains the ice flash frequency of the insulator.

[0097] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0098] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0099] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0100] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0101] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0102] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method based on artificial intelligence, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collect and process DC transmission operation and maintenance data; Analyze DC transmission operation and maintenance data to obtain insulator electrical performance evaluation values ​​and insulator breakdown risk assessment values; Through comprehensive analysis of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value and the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, the stability evaluation value of DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making is obtained; The insulator electrical performance evaluation value, insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value are compared and analyzed with the first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and the third judgment value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, and an optimization and adjustment method for DC transmission operation and maintenance decision is obtained.

2. The artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator are: Collecting raw data on DC transmission operation and maintenance through monitoring sensors; Cleaning and denoising the original DC transmission operation and maintenance data to obtain DC transmission operation and maintenance data; The DC transmission operation and maintenance data includes insulator electrical performance data and insulator breakdown risk data; The electrical performance data of the insulator include the voltage value of the insulator flashover, the frequency of partial discharge, the insulator leakage current and the capacitance of the insulator when ice is applied; Obtaining from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database the voltage threshold for insulator flashover, the partial discharge frequency threshold, the insulator leakage current threshold, the capacitance threshold for insulator ice, the weighting factor for the voltage for insulator flashover, the weighting factor for the partial discharge frequency, the weighting factor for the insulator leakage current, and the weighting factor for the capacitance for insulator ice; Perform a ratio analysis on the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs and the voltage threshold value at which the insulator flashover occurs, and use the weight factor of the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs to correct the ratio analysis result, which is recorded as the first component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; Perform a ratio analysis on the partial discharge frequency and the partial discharge frequency threshold, and use the weight factor of the partial discharge frequency to correct the result of the ratio analysis, which is recorded as the second component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; Perform a ratio analysis on the insulator leakage current threshold and the insulator leakage current, and use the weight factor of the insulator leakage current to correct the result of the ratio analysis, which is recorded as the third component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; The capacitance of the insulator when iced is proportional to the capacitance threshold of the insulator when iced, and the weight factor of the capacitance when iced is used to correct the result of the proportional processing, which is recorded as the fourth component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value; The insulator electrical performance evaluation value represents data that quantifies the degree of creepage voltage reduction and surface electric field strength of the insulator caused by the first component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the second component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the third component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, and the fourth component of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value.

3. The artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the insulator breakdown risk assessment value are: Insulator breakdown risk data include insulator leakage current, insulator surface electric field distortion rate, insulator local arc frequency, insulator ice flash frequency and insulator flashover voltage value; Obtaining from the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision database the insulator leakage current threshold, the insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold, the insulator local arc frequency threshold, the insulator ice flash frequency threshold, the insulator flashover voltage threshold, the insulator leakage current weighting factor, the insulator surface electric field distortion rate weighting factor, the insulator local arc frequency weighting factor, the insulator ice flash frequency weighting factor, and the insulator flashover voltage weighting factor; Perform a ratio analysis on the insulator leakage current and the insulator leakage current threshold, and use the weight factor of the insulator leakage current to correct the result of the ratio analysis, which is recorded as the first component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; Perform a ratio analysis on the insulator surface electric field distortion rate and the insulator surface electric field distortion rate threshold, and use the weight factor of the insulator surface electric field distortion rate to correct the ratio analysis result, which is recorded as the second component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; Perform a ratio analysis on the insulator local arc frequency and the insulator local arc frequency threshold, and use the weight factor of the insulator local arc frequency to correct the result of the ratio analysis, which is recorded as the third component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; Perform a ratio analysis on the insulator ice flash frequency and the insulator ice flash frequency threshold, and use the weight factor of the insulator ice flash frequency to correct the ratio analysis result, which is recorded as the fourth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; Perform a ratio analysis on the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs and the voltage threshold at which the insulator flashover occurs. Use the weight factor of the voltage value at which the insulator flashover occurs to correct the ratio analysis result, which is recorded as the fifth component of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value. The insulator breakdown risk assessment value represents quantitative data of the degree of increase in breakdown risk caused by electric field distortion, which is jointly represented by the insulator breakdown risk assessment value first component, the insulator breakdown risk assessment value second component, the insulator breakdown risk assessment value third component, the insulator breakdown risk assessment value fourth component and the insulator breakdown risk assessment value fifth component.

4. The artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the stability evaluation value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision are as follows: Obtaining the insulator ice thickness threshold, the weight factor of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the weight factor of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and the weight factor of the insulator ice thickness from the HVDC operation and maintenance decision database; The insulator electrical performance evaluation values ​​at different insulator electrical performance test points are averaged, and the averaged result is corrected using the weight factor of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, which is recorded as the first component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value; The insulator breakdown risk assessment values ​​at different insulator breakdown risk detection time points are averaged, and the averaged result is corrected using the weight factor of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, which is recorded as the second component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value; The results of the analysis of insulator ice thickness and insulator ice thickness threshold ratio at different DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability detection points are averaged, and the averaged results are corrected using the insulator ice thickness weight factor, which is recorded as the third component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value. The DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability assessment value represents quantitative data on the performance and operation stability of the insulator obtained by combining the first component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability assessment value, the second component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability assessment value, and the third component of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making stability assessment value.

5. The artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the method for optimizing and adjusting the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision are as follows: The first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, and the third judgment value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value are extracted from the database and compared with the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value, the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, respectively, to obtain the optimization and adjustment method of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision; The DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method includes an insulator electrical performance optimization and adjustment method, an insulator breakdown risk optimization and adjustment method, and a DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability optimization and adjustment method.

6. The artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of the insulator electrical performance optimization and adjustment method are as follows: If the insulator electrical performance evaluation value is greater than or equal to the first determination value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, then there is no need to optimize and adjust the insulator electrical performance; If the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator is lower than the first judgment value of the electrical performance evaluation value of the insulator, and if the ice thickness is greater than the preset ice thickness, the first-level anti-icing plan will be activated, and the heating wire heating and high-frequency pulse power supply will be started; if it is detected that the electric field strength on the insulator surface is greater than the preset insulator surface electric field strength, it will be upgraded to an emergency anti-icing plan and the position of the grading ring will be adjusted synchronously.

7. The artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the insulator breakdown risk optimization adjustment method are: If the insulator breakdown risk assessment value is lower than or equal to the second determination value of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, then there is no need to optimize and adjust the insulator breakdown risk; If the insulator breakdown risk assessment value is greater than the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk assessment value, the surface wettability is regulated by voltage to block the conductive path. When the leakage current is detected to be greater than the preset leakage current, an AC voltage is applied to reduce the angle between the tangent along the droplet surface and the tangent along the solid surface. The water droplets evaporate rapidly after being spread, blocking the conductive path, and extinguishing small arcs through high-frequency pulses; and extinguishing large arcs through SF6 jets.

8. The artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability optimization and adjustment method are as follows: If the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value is greater than or equal to the third determination value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, then there is no need to optimize and adjust the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability; If the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value is lower than the third judgment value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability assessment value, the shed spacing is dynamically adjusted through the telescopic mechanism, and the grading ring voltage is adjusted according to the ambient temperature. If the ice thickness of the insulator is greater than the preset insulator ice thickness and continues to grow, the emergency state is activated and liquid nitrogen spraying is started for rapid freezing and de-icing; if the insulator leakage current is greater than the preset insulator leakage current and is accompanied by an arc, an immediate response is taken, the graphene conductive layer spraying is superimposed, and the negative ion generator is started.

9. An artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making system, characterized in that: It includes DC transmission operation and maintenance data acquisition module, DC transmission operation and maintenance data analysis module, comprehensive analysis module and optimization and adjustment module: DC transmission operation and maintenance data acquisition module: used to collect and process DC transmission operation and maintenance data; DC transmission operation and maintenance data analysis module: used to analyze DC transmission operation and maintenance data to obtain insulator electrical performance evaluation values ​​and insulator breakdown risk assessment values; Comprehensive analysis module: used to obtain the stability assessment value of DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making through comprehensive analysis of the insulator electrical performance assessment value and the insulator breakdown risk assessment value; Optimization and adjustment module: used to compare and analyze the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value with the first judgment value of the insulator electrical performance evaluation value, the second judgment value of the insulator breakdown risk evaluation value and the third judgment value of the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision stability evaluation value, and obtain the DC transmission operation and maintenance decision optimization and adjustment method.

10. A device using the artificial intelligence-based DC transmission operation and maintenance decision-making method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The electric field sensor monitors the electric field strength on the surface of the insulator and collects the voltage value when the insulator flashes over; The pulse current detector records the discharge signal, counts the number of discharge pulses within the time detection period of the insulator electrical performance, and calculates the discharge frequency per unit time; Measuring leakage current using a Rogowski coil via a leakage current sensor; The capacitance of the insulator when it is covered with ice is obtained by using a capacitance measuring instrument; The electric field distortion rate of the insulator surface is obtained by using an electric field distortion rate detector; The local arc frequency of the insulator is obtained by an arc counter; The insulator ice flash frequency is obtained through an ice flash counter.

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