On-line measurement test device for force, heat and deformation of cutting machining of thin-walled cylinder parts and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to a force, heat and deformation online measurement test device for cutting machining of thin-walled cylinder parts and a use method, and relates to the technical field of machining, the output end of a machine tool is connected with a cutter through a main shaft, a workpiece is placed on a clamping mechanism to be clamped, and the cutter is driven by the main shaft of the machine tool to rotate for cutting machining; the force measuring device is arranged on the machine tool platform and used for measuring cutting force in the machining process. The line laser device measures machining deformation; the image acquisition device observes the material removal process in the machining process; the moving device comprises a rotary platform, the rotary platform is arranged on the force measuring device and used for bearing a workpiece, and the rotary platform rotates to drive the workpiece to rotate so as to complete feeding movement. The position of the cutter is not changed, the problem that a cutting point continuously changes during machining is solved by rotating the thin-walled cylinder workpiece through the rotary table, the cutting force in a machining area can be measured in the whole process through the device and the method, and obtained data can be directly used without being processed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to an online force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Gas cylinders are containers used to store and transport gases and are widely used in various fields. For example, in the medical field, gas cylinders are used to deliver oxygen, nitrogen, and other medical gases to meet patient treatment and respiratory needs. During the manufacturing process, gas cylinders must typically achieve sufficient strength and corrosion resistance, meet lightweight requirements, and maintain safety in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. The processing typically includes material cutting, forming, and end-face machining. To ensure process stability and accuracy, cutting force control and forming processes must be considered. The end-face machining quality of such parts is significantly affected by machining parameters. Cutting force affects cutting stability, quality, efficiency, and tool life. Cutting temperature can cause changes in the structure and properties of the cut material. For example, in metals, high temperatures can lead to grain growth and a decrease in hardness. Excessive cutting temperatures can cause thermal burns and increase energy consumption during cutting. Therefore, cutting force and cutting temperature are important parameters that reflect the machining state and require further research and appropriate control and management to minimize their impact on the process. To measure these parameters, fixed-point observation is required, meaning that the cutting force and cutting temperature are monitored only within the machining area. However, in machining centers or machine tools, the cutting point changes in real time as the tool moves. Current devices that maintain a constant machining area cannot accurately measure cutting force and temperature at a fixed point. The measured cutting force requires processing before it can be used. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a simple, low-cost device and method for fixed-point force and temperature measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the technical problems raised above, an online force, heat and deformation measurement test device and a method for use in the cutting of thin-walled cylindrical parts are provided. The present invention controls the stability of the cutting point relative to the cutting force and cutting temperature detection positions by moving the workpiece and keeping the tool stationary, thereby facilitating the acquisition of more accurate and stable measurement data.

[0004] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0005] An online force, heat, and deformation measurement and testing device for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts comprises a machining device, a measuring device, and a motion device. The machining device comprises a tool, a machine tool, a spindle, and a clamping mechanism. The output end of the machine tool is connected to the tool via the spindle. The workpiece is placed on the clamping mechanism for clamping. The tool rotates under the drive of the machine tool spindle to perform the cutting process. The measuring device comprises a force measuring device, a temperature measuring device, a line laser device, and an image acquisition device. The force measuring device is placed on the machine tool platform and is used to measure the cutting force during the machining process. The line laser device is used to measure the machining deformation. The temperature measuring device and image acquisition device are placed on one side of the machine tool, aligned with the machining area, and are used to observe the machining temperature and material removal process during the machining process. The motion device comprises a rotary platform, which is placed on top of the force measuring device and is used to support the workpiece. The rotation of the rotary platform drives the workpiece to rotate to complete the feed motion. A rotary encoder is installed within the rotary platform and controls the force measuring device, temperature measuring device, line laser device, and image acquisition device by outputting square wave signals.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes an internal expansion clamping device, which is placed inside the workpiece to achieve internal expansion clamping.

[0007] Furthermore, the line laser is struck at a position 3 mm to 5 mm in front of the tool.

[0008] Furthermore, the image acquisition device includes a high-speed camera.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature measuring device includes a thermal imager.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a processing method of the force, heat and deformation online measurement test device based on the above-mentioned thin-walled cylindrical parts cutting processing, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Set the experimental parameters according to the processing requirements and determine the entry and exit points of the tool;

[0012] S2, turning on the force measuring device, the temperature measuring device, the line laser device and the image acquisition device, and making the line laser measure the surface shape of the workpiece before processing;

[0013] S3. Turn on the power of the machine tool spindle to make the tool rotate and cut into the workpiece. After cutting, the tool position remains unchanged.

[0014] S4. Turn on the power of the rotary platform to rotate the workpiece, and control the force measuring device, temperature measuring device, line laser device, and image acquisition device through the output signal of the encoder. After the processing is completed, turn off the power of the machine tool and the rotary platform, retain the data and images of the force measuring device, temperature measuring device, line laser device, and image acquisition device, and turn off the power.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S4, processing deformation data is obtained based on the measurement result of the line laser device and the measurement result of the line laser device in S2.

[0016] Furthermore, during the rotation of the rotating platform, the encoder sends control instructions to the line laser device and the image acquisition device through the position changes of the periodic square wave signal, thereby performing real-time control of the line laser measurement function and the image acquisition function within the processing area.

[0017] Furthermore, the output signal of the encoder is received by the temperature measuring device and the force measuring device to collect and transmit the temperature and cutting force data during the processing.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. End-face machining of thin-walled cylindrical workpieces typically involves moving the tool while the workpiece remains stationary. Consequently, the measured cutting force is not always the same at the same cutting position, resulting in significant errors. This invention solves the problem of constantly changing cutting points during machining by keeping the tool position constant and rotating the thin-walled cylindrical workpiece via a turntable. This device and method allows for full measurement of cutting force within the machining area, and the resulting data can be used directly without further processing, a feature not available with existing similar machining methods.

[0020] 2. The measured cutting force and machining deformation data are accurate and stable, providing valuable reference. Fixed-point cutting force measurement can help detect tool wear, optimize cutting parameters, prevent tool breakage, and improve machining accuracy. This helps improve machining efficiency, ensure machining quality, and ensure tool and workpiece safety. Fixed-point machining deformation measurement can help optimize tool paths, adjust machining parameters, and predict machining deformation, ultimately improving workpiece machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0021] 3. The device has a wide range of processing and measurement. The present invention is only for the processing and measurement of thin-walled cylindrical workpieces. For other special-shaped workpieces, the use of a reasonable clamping device and a rotary displacement device can also be used for processing and measurement.

[0022] 4. The material removal process of the machining process can be monitored by a high-speed camera, which is conducive to observing the material removal mechanism and the cutting state of the tool.

[0023] 5. The device and method are simple and convenient to operate and can be widely applied to various grinding processing occasions.

[0024] 6. The square wave signal output by the rotary encoder is decoded by a signal processor to generate positioning reference points. These reference points are used to synchronously control the operating status of the thermometer, dynamometer, line laser device, and image acquisition device. The signal processor also filters out interference components such as encoder vibration noise to ensure accurate measurement data.

[0025] 7. Data from the temperature and force gauges is transmitted to the main control unit via a serial or Ethernet port. The main control unit employs a closed-loop control algorithm to monitor the temperature and cutting forces in the machining area in real time. A line laser scans the platform's rotational motion to ensure high machining accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a thin-walled cylindrical workpiece that can be machined according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of thin-walled cylindrical workpiece array.

[0029] Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the device for a thin-walled cylindrical workpiece (the inside of the dotted line is the internal expansion fixture).

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal expansion fixture.

[0031] Among them: 1. Thin-walled cylindrical workpiece; 2. Line laser, high-speed camera and thermometer; 3. Rotary platform (with built-in rotary encoder); 4. Workpiece in processing; 5. Cutting tool; 6. Drive motor; 7. Hexagonal head bolt; 8. Dynamometer; 9. Wedge-shaped bolt; 10. Stop block; 11. Countersunk hexagonal bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0037] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an online measurement test device for force, heat and deformation of thin-walled cylindrical parts cutting processing, including a processing device, a measuring device and a motion device. The processing device includes a tool, a machine tool, a spindle and a clamping mechanism. The output end of the machine tool is connected to the tool 5 through the spindle. The thin-walled cylindrical workpiece 1 is placed on the clamping mechanism for clamping. The tool rotates under the drive of the machine tool spindle to perform cutting processing; the measuring device includes a force measuring device, a line laser device, a temperature measuring device and an image acquisition device. The force measuring device is placed above the machine tool platform and is used to measure the cutting force during the processing. In this embodiment, the force measuring device is a dynamometer 8; the line laser device is used to measure the processing deformation; the image acquisition device and the temperature measuring device are placed on one side of the machine tool and aligned with the processing area to observe the material removal process and the processing temperature during the processing; the motion device includes a rotary platform 3 with a built-in rotary encoder, which controls the force measuring device, temperature measuring device, line laser device and image acquisition device through square wave signal output. The rotary platform includes a fixed portion and a rotating portion. The fixed portion is placed above the dynamometer and is used to support the workpiece. The rotating portion of the rotary platform rotates to drive the workpiece to complete the feeding motion. The rotary platform completes the rotation work through the drive motor 6 connected thereto. The tool is a grinding wheel.

[0040] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes an internal expansion clamping device, which is placed inside the workpiece to achieve internal expansion clamping.

[0041] In this embodiment, the internal expansion clamping device comprises several blocks 10 and wedge blocks 9, connected by a flexible structure. Specifically, a cable trough for mounting elastic binding wires is provided at the same height on the outer walls of the blocks. This allows for adjustable distances between the blocks, allowing the wedge blocks to fit into the gaps formed by the connection of the blocks. The wedge blocks are provided with screw holes. After confirming that the tensioning force has reached a predetermined level, the expansion device is secured using countersunk hexagonal bolts 11.

[0042] Furthermore, the line laser is struck at a position 3 mm to 5 mm in front of the tool.

[0043] Furthermore, the image acquisition device includes a high-speed camera. As an optional embodiment, the high-speed camera, the temperature measuring instrument and the line laser can be integrated into an integrated structure 2.

[0044] The present invention also discloses a processing method of the force, heat and deformation online measurement test device based on the above-mentioned thin-walled cylindrical parts cutting processing, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S0. After completing the arrangement of each device and the clamping of the workpiece, the dynamometer and the machine tool are fixed with hexagonal bolts 7;

[0046] S1. Set the experimental parameters according to the processing requirements and determine the entry and exit points of the tool;

[0047] S2, turning on the force measuring device, the temperature measuring device, the line laser device and the image acquisition device, and making the line laser measure the surface shape of the workpiece before processing;

[0048] S3. Turn on the power of the machine tool spindle to make the tool rotate and cut into the workpiece. After cutting, the tool position remains unchanged.

[0049] S4. Turn on the power of the rotary platform to rotate the workpiece 4 being processed, and control the force measuring device, temperature measuring device, line laser device, and image acquisition device through the output signal of the encoder. After the processing is completed, turn off the power of the machine tool and the rotary platform, retain the data and images of the force measuring device, temperature measuring device, line laser device, and image acquisition device, and turn off the power.

[0050] Furthermore, in step S4, processing deformation data is obtained based on the measurement result of the line laser device and the measurement result of the line laser device in S2.

[0051] Furthermore, during the rotation of the rotating platform, the encoder sends control instructions to the line laser device and the image acquisition device through the position changes of the periodic square wave signal, thereby performing real-time control of the line laser measurement function and the image acquisition function within the processing area.

[0052] Furthermore, the output signal of the encoder is received by the temperature measuring device and the force measuring device to collect and transmit the temperature and cutting force data during the processing.

[0053] The device and method of use proposed in the present invention can not only be applied to the cutting of gas cylinders, but can also be extended to experiments on array cells or processing experiments on other workpieces with this structural feature. That is, this patent proposes an online force, heat, and deformation measurement test device and method of use for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts. By moving the workpiece and keeping the tool stationary, the stability of the cutting point relative to the cutting force and processing deformation detection position is controlled, making it easier to obtain more accurate and stable measurement data.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online measurement test device for force, heat and deformation of thin-walled cylindrical parts cutting, characterized in that: It includes a processing device, a measuring device and a motion device. The processing device includes a tool, a machine tool, a spindle and a clamping mechanism. The output end of the machine tool is connected to the tool through the spindle. The workpiece is placed on the clamping mechanism for clamping. The tool rotates under the drive of the machine tool spindle to perform cutting processing; the measuring device includes a force measuring device, a temperature measuring device, a line laser device and an image acquisition device. The force measuring device is placed on the machine tool platform and is used to measure the cutting force during the processing; the line laser device is used to measure the processing deformation; the temperature measuring device and the image acquisition device are placed on one side of the machine tool and aligned with the processing area, and are used to observe the processing temperature and material removal process during the processing; the motion device includes a rotary platform. The rotary platform is placed on the force measuring device and is used to carry the workpiece and the fixture. The feed motion is completed by driving the workpiece to rotate through the rotation of the rotary platform.

2. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes an internal expansion clamping device, which is placed inside the workpiece to achieve internal expansion clamping.

3. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It is characterized by: The line laser is placed 3mm to 5mm in front of the tool.

4. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The image acquisition device includes a high-speed camera.

5. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature measuring device includes a thermal imager.

6. A method for using the on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting thin-walled cylindrical parts according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Set the experimental parameters according to the processing requirements and determine the entry and exit points of the tool; S2. Turn on the force measuring device, the temperature measuring device, the line laser device, and the image acquisition device; use the line laser device to measure the surface profile of the workpiece before processing; S3. Turn on the power of the machine tool spindle to make the tool rotate and cut into the workpiece. After cutting, the tool position remains unchanged. S4. Turn on the power of the rotary platform to rotate the workpiece, use the line laser device to measure the surface contour of the workpiece during and after processing, and turn off the power of the machine tool and the rotary platform after processing. Keep the data and images of the force measuring device, line laser device and image acquisition device and turn off the power.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that In step S4, machining deformation data is obtained based on the measurement result of the line laser device and the measurement result of the line laser device in S2.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that During the rotation of the rotating platform, the encoder sends control instructions to the line laser device and image acquisition device through the position changes of the periodic square wave signal, and performs real-time control of the line laser measurement function and image acquisition function in the processing area.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The output signal of the encoder is received by the temperature measuring device and the force measuring device to collect and transmit the temperature and cutting force data during the processing.

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