Method and device for detecting health degree of storage battery of pure electric commercial vehicle
Through the RTC timer wake-up of the VCU of the entire vehicle controller VCU and the DCDC module power recharge, combined with the SOC judgment of the state of charge, the problem of the inability to monitor the self-discharge of pure electric commercial vehicle batteries in the existing technology is solved, real-time health detection and intelligent power recharge are realized, and the feeding risk and maintenance cost are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510808084.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
AI Technical Summary
The prior art cannot monitor the self-discharge process of pure electric commercial vehicle batteries in a dormant state in real time, resulting in the risk of feeding cannot be discovered in time, and traditional detection methods are susceptible to temperature and load interference, and are cumbersome and costly.
The RTC timer using the VCU of the vehicle controller is periodically awakened, and the battery is recharged through the DCDC conversion module, and the health is comprehensively judged in combination with the state of charge SOC, and multi-dimensional data is integrated for intelligent evaluation.
Real-time monitoring of battery health and intelligent power replenishment are achieved, reducing power feeding risks, reducing maintenance costs, and improving detection accuracy and automation.
Smart Images
Figure CN120572947A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a method and device for detecting the health of a battery in a pure electric commercial vehicle, belonging to the technical field of new energy heavy trucks. Background Art
[0002] In the field of pure electric commercial vehicles, the state of health (SOH) of the battery (usually a 24V low-voltage system) directly affects the vehicle's starting reliability and the stability of low-voltage electrical equipment. The current commonly used detection methods in the industry have the following shortcomings: 1. Existing technologies often read the battery voltage through a meter when the vehicle is powered on (in the ON gear), or rely on external diagnostic equipment for offline testing. This method cannot monitor the self-discharge process during the vehicle's dormant state (such as when parked), resulting in the inability to detect power supply risks in real time.
[0003] 2. Traditional solutions calculate the state of charge (SOC) based only on a single voltage value. However, instantaneous voltage fluctuations are easily affected by temperature and load, and cannot distinguish between temporary voltage drops and permanent capacity attenuation.
[0004] 3. After the vehicle goes into sleep mode, the controller loses power and lacks an active wake-up mechanism. Power can only be supplied when the user starts the vehicle next time, delaying intervention.
[0005] 4. The driver needs to conduct regular manual inspections or rely on external equipment, which is cumbersome and increases maintenance costs.
[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that can automatically monitor the battery status during the vehicle's dormant period, dynamically trigger charging, and integrate multi-dimensional data to intelligently assess health. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method and device for detecting the health of a battery in a pure electric commercial vehicle, so as to realize real-time detection of the health of the battery.
[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting the health of a battery in a pure electric commercial vehicle, comprising: The RTC timer of the vehicle controller VCU is periodically woken up according to the preset strategy to collect the actual voltage value of the battery; Compare the actual voltage value with the set threshold value. If it is lower than the threshold value, the recharging process is triggered: Control the high voltage on the power battery, high voltage power distribution cabinet PDU and DCDC conversion module; The DCDC conversion module converts high-voltage DC power into 24V low-voltage DC power to replenish the battery; After the battery is replenished, it wakes up again according to the RTC timing strategy and detects the battery voltage: If the voltage is still lower than the threshold, the battery health SOH is comprehensively judged based on the charging trigger frequency and the state of charge SOC corresponding to the voltage.
[0009] Furthermore, the vehicle controller VCU collects and monitors the battery voltage, which is lower than 24.6V, and the battery is in a feeding state.
[0010] Furthermore, the recharge trigger frequency is classified based on the RTC wake-up time interval: If it is triggered three times in a row within 1 minute after recharging, it is considered as heavy power feeding; If it is triggered three times in a row within 5 minutes after the power is replenished, it is considered as moderate power feeding; If it is triggered three times in a row within 10 minutes after the power is replenished, it is considered as light power feeding.
[0011] Furthermore, the wake-up time interval of the RTC timing strategy is: First wake-up interval: 1min; Second wake-up interval: 5min; The third awakening interval: 10 minutes; Fourth wake-up interval: 20 min; Fifth wake-up interval: 30 minutes.
[0012] Furthermore, the conversion formula of the state of charge SOC is: SOC=[1-(12.7-V) / 1.2]×100%; Where V is the voltage of a single battery.
[0013] Furthermore, the exit condition of the power replenishment process is: Automatically exit after 30 minutes of continuous charging; or Exit immediately when detecting that the driver actively increases high pressure.
[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery health detection device for a pure electric commercial vehicle, comprising: Vehicle controller VCU: built-in RTC timer, voltage detection circuit and control logic, used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; High-voltage power distribution unit (PDU): used to receive instructions from the vehicle controller (VCU) and distribute high-voltage power; The DCDC conversion module is used to convert the high-voltage DC power of the power battery into a 24V low-voltage DC power; Power battery: used to provide energy source for charging; Battery: As the object to be tested, it is used to power the low-voltage electrical appliances of the entire vehicle.
[0015] Furthermore, the RTC timer is an independent timer with a programmable counter, which can run after the MCU loses power, provide timing function for the vehicle controller, wake up and activate, and perform voltage detection.
[0016] Furthermore, the voltage detection circuit of the vehicle controller VCU is integrated into the controller and does not require external equipment support.
[0017] Furthermore, the power battery power source is a lithium-ion battery.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a battery health monitoring method and device for pure electric commercial vehicles. This method uses the vehicle controller's active RTC (Real-Time Clock) wakeup to detect battery voltage and intelligently wake up and control other high-voltage components to replenish the battery. By developing an optimal RTC wakeup strategy, this method monitors battery voltage regularly and compares battery health based on the duration of the wakeup. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of battery health detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the power replenishment control provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] Example 1: This example introduces a method for detecting the health of a battery in a pure electric commercial vehicle, including: The RTC timer of the vehicle controller VCU is periodically woken up according to the preset strategy to collect the actual voltage value of the battery; Compare the actual voltage value with the set threshold value. If it is lower than the threshold value, the recharging process is triggered: Control the high voltage on the power battery, high voltage power distribution cabinet PDU and DCDC conversion module; The DCDC conversion module converts high-voltage DC power into 24V low-voltage DC power to replenish the battery; After the battery is replenished, it wakes up again according to the RTC timing strategy and detects the battery voltage: If the voltage is still lower than the threshold, the battery health SOH is comprehensively judged based on the charging trigger frequency and the state of charge SOC corresponding to the voltage.
[0022] The application process of the battery health detection method for pure electric commercial vehicles provided in this embodiment specifically involves the following steps: S1, collect the actual battery voltage value and set the voltage timing sampling time; S2, based on the comparison of the actual voltage collected and the set threshold, the battery is charged; S3: After the battery has been recharged multiple times, if the actual battery voltage is still lower than the threshold, the battery health status (SOH) check is performed.
[0023] The vehicle controller (VCU) collects and monitors the battery voltage, and if it is lower than 24.6V, the battery is in the feeding state.
[0024] The sampling time is the interval when the internal timer RTC of the vehicle controller (VCU) expires and wakes up the vehicle controller to sample the battery voltage. The interval duration is as follows:
[0025] Specifically, the method includes: measuring the battery voltage through the built-in voltage detection circuit of the vehicle controller, and then calibrating the voltage across the battery to the corresponding state of charge (SOC) to determine whether the battery is feeding. For example, new energy commercial vehicles generally use two 12V batteries connected in series, SOC = [1-(12.7-V) / 1.2] × 100%. The specific comparison table is as follows:
[0026] The vehicle controller determines whether the battery is receiving power based on the measured voltage. Because this method cannot directly reflect the reason for the battery's power failure, the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to complete the high-voltage process and charge the battery through the DC-DC converter module. After the power is replenished, if the battery voltage is still below 24.6V after re-testing, the SOC table corresponding to the actual voltage is checked and the battery health status is reported. The instrument panel prompts the driver to replace the battery.
[0027] The method further comprises: According to the set RTC timing strategy: One minute after the charging is completed, the VCU wakes up and detects that the battery voltage is lower than 24.6V, and enters the charging process for heavy power feeding.
[0028] 5 minutes after the charging is completed, the VCU wakes up and detects that the battery voltage is lower than 24.6V, and enters the charging process, which is medium charging.
[0029] 10 minutes after the charging is completed, the VCU wakes up and detects that the battery voltage is lower than 24.6V, and enters the charging process, which is a light charging process.
[0030] The battery health detection method for a pure electric commercial vehicle provided in this embodiment is implemented based on the pure electric commercial vehicle vehicle controller (VCU), DC-DC converter module, high-voltage power distribution unit (PDU), battery, and power battery device. The device includes the following modules: The power input pin of the vehicle controller (VCU) includes an input voltage detection circuit for monitoring the battery voltage. The voltage detection circuit is an integrated circuit inside the controller and does not require support from external devices. Its operation is more flexible and the cost is lower.
[0031] The vehicle control unit (VCU) features an RTC wake-up function, using an RTC timer to periodically wake the VCU from sleep mode and set a fixed wake-up time. The RTC timer is an independent timer with a programmable counter that operates after the MCU loses power, providing timing for the VCU and waking it up to perform voltage detection. The recharge count is calculated by waking the VCU according to the RTC timer after the K15 power is lost and then entering intelligent recharge mode. The count is reset when the driver turns the key on.
[0032] The high-voltage power distribution unit (PDU) inputs the power battery to the DCDC conversion module through internal circuits and relays.
[0033] The power battery provides driving power for the vehicle and a power source for DCDC operation. The power battery power source is a lithium-ion battery.
[0034] The DCDC conversion module converts high-voltage direct current into 24V low-voltage direct current to charge the battery.
[0035] The battery is the energy storage device of the vehicle, providing low-voltage power for the low-voltage electrical appliances of the vehicle. The battery voltage threshold is 24.6V.
[0036] The following describes the contents involved in the above embodiment in conjunction with a preferred embodiment.
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery health detection method and device for a pure electric commercial vehicle. The device comprises a vehicle control unit (VCU), a power battery, a DC-DC converter module, and a high-voltage power distribution unit (PDU). The VCU is configured to wake up according to a set timing strategy and detect the battery voltage. The battery health is determined based on the corresponding state of charge (SOC) value of the battery voltage. The power battery provides an energy source for battery recharge. The high-voltage power distribution unit (PDU) distributes high voltage electricity. The DC-DC converter module converts the power battery into 24V low voltage electricity for battery recharge.
[0038] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the entire control flow of a method for detecting the health of a battery of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, taking two 12V batteries in series as an example, specifically includes the following steps: The vehicle control unit (VCU) monitors the battery voltage upon awakening based on the RTC's timed wake-up strategy. If it's below 24.6V, the vehicle's high-voltage battery recharge process is in place. The VCU then controls the power battery, closes the main negative relay, closes the multi-function relay, and sends a DC / DC enable command to the controller. This allows the VCU to control and receive the status of each module, completing the recharge process. After 30 minutes of battery recharge, the VCU exits the recharge process and enters sleep mode. After the RTC timer expires, the VCU wakes up again to monitor the battery voltage. This process repeats three times, and the changes in the RTC timer interval are recorded.
[0039] Based on the frequency of waking up the VCU to enter smart charging during RTC timing, the battery health is roughly divided into three categories: a) The RTC counts for 1 minute three times in a row to wake up the VCU and enter the intelligent charging process. The battery is in a heavy charging state. b) The RTC times 5 minutes three times in a row to wake up the VCU and enter the intelligent power replenishment process, and the battery is in the medium power supply state; c) The RTC times 10 minutes three times in a row to wake up the VCU and enter the intelligent power replenishment process, and the battery is in a light power supply state; Based on the above-mentioned power supply level and the actual voltage of the battery, the vehicle controller makes a comprehensive judgment on the health of the battery.
[0040] This embodiment uses the vehicle controller's active RTC timed wakeup to detect battery voltage and intelligently wake up and control other high-voltage components in the vehicle to recharge the battery. This invention establishes an optimal RTC wakeup strategy, monitors battery voltage regularly, and compares battery health based on the duration of the wakeup.
[0041] Example 2: This embodiment provides a battery health detection device for a pure electric commercial vehicle, comprising: The vehicle controller (VCU) includes a built-in RTC timer, voltage detection circuit, and control logic for executing any of the methods described in Example 1. The RTC timer is an independent timer with a programmable counter that can operate after the MCU loses power, providing timing for the vehicle controller and waking it up to perform voltage detection. The VCU's voltage detection circuit is integrated within the controller, requiring no external device support.
[0042] High-voltage power distribution unit (PDU): used to receive instructions from the vehicle controller (VCU) and distribute high-voltage power; The DCDC conversion module is used to convert the high-voltage DC power of the power battery into a 24V low-voltage DC power; Power battery: used to provide energy source for charging; the power battery power source is a lithium-ion battery.
[0043] Battery: As the object to be tested, it is used to power the low-voltage electrical appliances of the entire vehicle.
[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for detecting the health of a battery in a pure electric commercial vehicle, characterized in that: include: The RTC timer of the vehicle controller VCU is periodically woken up according to the preset strategy to collect the actual voltage value of the battery; Compare the actual voltage value with the set threshold value. If it is lower than the threshold value, the recharging process is triggered: Control the high voltage on the power battery, high voltage power distribution cabinet PDU and DCDC conversion module; The DCDC conversion module converts high-voltage DC power into 24V low-voltage DC power to replenish the battery; After the battery is replenished, it wakes up again according to the RTC timing strategy and detects the battery voltage: If the voltage is still lower than the threshold, the battery health SOH is comprehensively judged based on the charging trigger frequency and the state of charge SOC corresponding to the voltage.
2. The method for detecting battery health of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle controller VCU collects and monitors the battery voltage, which is lower than 24.6V, and the battery is in the feeding state.
3. The battery health detection method for pure electric commercial vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The recharge trigger frequency is classified based on the RTC wake-up time interval: If it is triggered three times in a row within 1 minute after recharging, it is considered as heavy power feeding; If it is triggered three times in a row within 5 minutes after the power is replenished, it is considered as moderate power feeding; If it is triggered three times in a row within 10 minutes after the power is replenished, it is considered as light power feeding.
4. The method for detecting battery health of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wake-up time interval of the RTC timing strategy is: First wake-up interval: 1min; Second wake-up interval: 5min; The third awakening interval: 10 minutes; Fourth wake-up interval: 20 min; Fifth wake-up interval: 30 minutes.
5. The method for detecting battery health of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion formula of the state of charge SOC is: SOC=[1-(12.7-V) / 1.2]×100%; Where V is the voltage of a single battery.
6. The method for detecting battery health of a pure electric commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exit conditions of the power replenishment process are: Automatically exit after 30 minutes of continuous charging; or Exit immediately when detecting that the driver actively increases high pressure.
7. A battery health detection device for a pure electric commercial vehicle, characterized in that: include: Vehicle controller VCU: built-in RTC timer, voltage detection circuit and control logic, used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; High-voltage power distribution unit (PDU): used to receive instructions from the vehicle controller (VCU) and distribute high-voltage power; The DCDC conversion module is used to convert the high-voltage DC power of the power battery into a 24V low-voltage DC power; Power battery: used to provide energy source for charging; Battery: As the object to be tested, it is used to power the low-voltage electrical appliances of the entire vehicle.
8. The battery health detection device for pure electric commercial vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The RTC timer is an independent timer with a programmable counter. It can run after the MCU loses power, provide timing function for the vehicle controller, wake up and activate, and perform voltage detection.
9. The battery health detection device for pure electric commercial vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The voltage detection circuit of the vehicle controller VCU is integrated into the controller and does not require external equipment support.
10. The battery health detection device for pure electric commercial vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power battery power source is a lithium-ion battery.