Mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard road surface

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of weapon science, and particularly relates to a mortar recoil damping device suitable for a hard road surface. The device adopts a three-layer structural design: the upper layer is a composite particle-rubber damper for cannon, is internally provided with an SMA wire wave spring framework and four ceramic particle damping modules, and is used for absorbing impact energy; the middle layer is a hard ground adhesive quick-release device and is provided with a quick-release buckle and a magnetic positioning strip, so that quick disassembly, assembly and locking are facilitated; and the lower layer is hard ground mucilage glue and can fill and level up road surface fluctuation in a self-adaptive mode, and global seamless attachment is achieved. The impact energy generated when the mortar is launched is effectively absorbed, impact on the mortar body and the ground is reduced, re-alignment is not needed, continuous accurate striking of a plurality of bullets in a short time can be achieved, and the device is lighter and more convenient to use and can be rapidly deployed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of weapon science and technology, and in particular relates to a mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads. Background Art

[0002] As an important light artillery, the mortar has a small contact area with the ground when used on hard roads. The recoil force can easily cause the device to slide or jump back, affecting the shooting accuracy. Existing vibration reduction solutions (such as hydraulic and spring buffers) are heavy and complex in structure, making them difficult for individual soldiers to carry. The dynamic characteristics of the mortar base during firing have a great impact on the stability and accuracy of the mortar, and the mortar will generate a huge impact force when fired. When used on hard roads, although the traditional hydraulic vibration reduction device can effectively absorb the impact energy, it is heavy and complex in structure, and is not effective in some complex terrains or hard roads. It often needs to be re-aligned before the second firing, and cannot achieve the purpose of continuous and precise strikes of multiple shells in a short period of time. In addition, the hard road surface cannot absorb energy through soil deformation, resulting in the impact force being directly transmitted to the gun mount, accelerating the fatigue of the components and causing fatigue cracking of the components due to rigid collision. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lightweight and adaptable vibration reduction device to solve the above problems.

[0003] Patent publication number CN213811958U proposes a gun with a shock-absorbing device, comprising a gun carriage, a gun, and a shock-absorbing device positioned between the carriage and the gun. The device utilizes a spring-hydraulic composite shock-absorbing system, primarily utilizing components such as shock-absorbing springs, hydraulic cylinders, and hydraulic rods to reduce vibration within the carriage. However, this shock-absorbing device primarily addresses vibration between the carriage and the gun, not between the mortar base and the ground, and its structure is complex.

[0004] Patent publication number CN204514179U proposes a gun with a recoil damping device. The device consists of a barrel base, a barrel mounted on the base, and a damping device. It utilizes a hydraulic cylinder-piston structure, with damping orifices and springs for two-stage damping. The recoil of the barrel is primarily reduced through components such as the hydraulic cylinder, piston cylinder, piston, and spring. Because it fails to consider the adhesion requirements of hard pavement, the device relies solely on mechanical damping, which can easily cause recoil and fails to address the energy transfer problem on hard pavement without soil deformation.

[0005] Patent publication number CN117927592A proposes a metal-rubber composite particle damping vibration absorber. The particle damping container is encased in a metal-rubber sandwich layer, connected to the main structure via a spring leaf. The metal-rubber sandwich layer and particle damping container absorb vibration energy. However, this vibration absorber primarily targets vibration control for mechanical equipment and does not address the recoil and bounce of mortars on hard surfaces. While it has broadband vibration absorption characteristics, it lacks a quick-release mechanism and ground adhesion design, making it incapable of rapid battlefield deployment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight, highly reliable, quickly deployable mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads. Through the combination of a composite particle-rubber damper for the gun, a quick-release device for hard ground adhesive, and hard ground adhesive, the device can effectively absorb impact energy and prevent recoil. At the same time, it avoids the weight of traditional hydraulic and spring buffer solutions, avoids the need for realignment before secondary firing, and achieves the purpose of continuous and precise strikes of multiple shells in a short period of time.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard road surfaces is located below the mortar base plate. The device includes a composite particle-rubber damper for the gun, a quick-release device for hard ground adhesive, and hard ground adhesive. Among them: the first layer is the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun, which is arranged below the mortar base plate and has a wave spring skeleton woven from SMA wire, and four ceramic particle damping modules inside the skeleton; the second layer is the quick-release device for the hard ground adhesive, which is located below the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun. The quick-release device for the hard ground adhesive is provided with quick-release buckles and magnetic auxiliary positioning strips around it and is locked to the mortar base plate through the quick-release device; the third layer is the hard ground adhesive, which is located below the quick-release device for the hard ground adhesive. The hard ground adhesive has wide temperature range stability and flexible deformation compensation functions, and can adaptively fill the undulations of the joint surface to achieve seamless fitting across the entire hard road surface.

[0009] The mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads is described. The composite particle-rubber damper for mortars includes, from the outside to the inside, an SMA rubber layer and a ceramic particle damping module. The ceramic particle damping module is filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls. The SMA rubber layer is a composite structure in which rubber is embedded in the mesh gaps inside an SMA wire skeleton. The SMA wire skeleton is woven into a wave spring mesh structure from SMA wires treated with sulfuric acid corrosion. The mesh nodes are reinforced by laser welding to form a super-elastic support rectangular frame. The gaps are filled with a blended modified butyl rubber with a wide temperature range and high damping performance. The ceramic particle damping module is arranged inside the SMA rubber layer. Four ceramic particle damping modules are evenly distributed circumferentially along the central axis of the composite particle-rubber damper for mortars. Each ceramic particle damping module has an opening on the surface and a closed pore structure inside. The SMA rubber layer and the pore structure synergistically consume energy, allowing energy transfer and blocking particle migration.

[0010] The mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard road surfaces and the quick-release device for hard ground glue include a base and a quick-release structure. Quick-release structures are respectively provided around the base. Each group of quick-release structures includes a guide groove and a magnetic auxiliary positioning strip. The guide groove is located on the side of the base, and the magnetic auxiliary positioning strip is located on the top edge of the base. The lower end of the quick-release buckle is hinged to the guide groove, and the upper end of the quick-release buckle is provided with a horizontal buckle boss.

[0011] The mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads is characterized in that the mortar base plate is a titanium alloy cast rectangular plate structure, and a base plate outer shell is provided at the bottom of the mortar base plate. The base plate outer shell is a four-frame combination structure corresponding to the bottom edge of the mortar base plate, and the base plate outer shell cover is buckled on the outside of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun; base plate outer shell positioning grooves corresponding to the magnetic auxiliary positioning strips are respectively provided around the bottom surface, and the base plate positioning grooves match the magnetic auxiliary positioning strips to realize the magnetic positioning connection of the mortar base plate; base plate outer shell side surfaces are respectively provided with base plate buckles corresponding to the buckle bosses and buckle grooves on the bottom surface thereof, and the buckle bosses match the buckle grooves to realize the fixed connection of the mortar base plate.

[0012] The mortar recoil vibration damping device suitable for hard roads has the following characteristics: when the mortar is fired, the SMA rubber layer and the ceramic particle damping module of the first layer of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun simultaneously absorb the impact force, and the SMA wire skeleton of the SMA rubber layer maintains the shape of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun and quickly resets; the quick-release device of the second layer of hard ground adhesive enables the mortar to be quickly deployed and the firing position to be changed; the third layer of hard ground adhesive ensures the close adhesion of the quick-release device to the ground, enhances the adhesion between the quick-release device and the ground, and prevents the mortar from jumping back when firing at an angle.

[0013] The mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads has the following composition and content, by weight, of the blended modified butyl rubber: 50-70 parts of butyl rubber (IIR), 20-30 parts of eucommia rubber (EUG), 30-40 parts of carbon black (N220 / N550), 10-15 parts of silicon nitride ceramic hollow spheres, 8-12 parts of phenolic resin, 1-3 parts of sulfur, 1-2 parts of accelerator (ZDMC), 1-2 parts of stearic acid, 2-4 parts of ACR resin, 2-3 parts of antioxidant N,N'-dimethylphenylenediamine (DTPD), and 2-4 parts of cashew nut shell oil. The blended modified butyl rubber achieves high damping in a wide temperature range of -40°C to 50°C through IIR / EUG blending and coordinated interface friction of the silicon nitride hollow spheres, with a damping factor of 0.4-1.4, and forms a multi-stage energy dissipation system with an SMA skeleton and a ceramic particle damping module.

[0014] The mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads has a ceramic particle damping module containing surface openings and internal closed pore structures with a pore diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. The pore structure of the ceramic particle damping module is filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow spheres, with a filling rate of 60% to 70% of the total volume of the pore structure. The particle diameter of the silicon nitride ceramic hollow spheres is 1 to 3 mm, and the porosity is 30% to 50%. The silicon nitride ceramic hollow spheres have both lightweight and impact resistance.

[0015] The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads has a quick-release device that uses a quick-release buckle and a magnetic auxiliary positioning strip for dual locking. The magnetic auxiliary positioning strip is a neodymium iron boron magnetic strip distributed along the edges of the base, with a magnetic force of 20N. The magnetic auxiliary positioning strip preferentially adsorbs to achieve ±0.1mm self-alignment. When the recoil force is greater than 5kN, the quick-release buckle is the primary load bearer. The quick-release buckle is composed of a 50wt% polyhexamethylene adipamide and a 50wt% glass fiber shell, with a tensile strength of ≥200MPa.

[0016] The mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard pavement has a multi-layer structure of hard ground adhesive comprising a base material layer, a lower adhesive layer, an upper adhesive layer, an anti-corrosion layer, a waterproof layer, and an Fe-SMA fiber-reinforced mesh, the connection relationship of which is as follows: the base material layer serves as the bottom layer and is directly bonded to the lower adhesive layer after corona treatment, and the lower adhesive layer passes through the base material layer to fill the micropores of the hard ground; the upper adhesive layer is coated on top of the lower adhesive layer, and the total thickness of the two adhesive layers is 2±0.2 mm; the surface of the upper adhesive layer is sequentially covered with an anti-corrosion layer and a waterproof layer, and the two are sequentially stacked to isolate environmental erosion; the Fe-SMA fiber-reinforced mesh is embedded between the upper adhesive layer and the anti-corrosion layer, and the Fe-SMA fiber-reinforced mesh adopts orthogonal weaving.

[0017] The mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads comprises a base material layer made of a PET / PVC composite film, a lower adhesive layer made of a nano-silica-modified acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, an upper adhesive layer made of a brominated maleic anhydride cross-linked polyurethane adhesive, an anti-corrosion layer made of a double-sided epoxy resin coating, and a waterproof layer made of a silane-modified polyethylene film; the Fe-SMA fiber-reinforced mesh has a three-dimensional grid structure with a grid spacing of 5 mm, and the nodes are fixed by brazing or laser welding.

[0018] The design idea of ​​the present invention is:

[0019] The present invention integrates vibration reduction, quick release and high-viscosity adhesive into one to form a multi-level vibration reduction system, which significantly improves the stability and shooting accuracy of the mortar on hard roads.

[0020] 1. Multi-level vibration reduction structure: It adopts a three-layer composite structure of composite particles-rubber dampers for guns, a quick-release device for hard ground adhesive, and hard ground adhesive. It combines the SMA wire skeleton with the ceramic particle damping module to form a composite vibration reduction structure, which significantly improves the vibration reduction effect and realizes the gradual absorption and dissipation of impact energy.

[0021] 2. Lightweight design: Using materials such as SMA wire skeleton, ceramic particle damping module and silicon nitride ceramic hollow spheres, the weight of the device is reduced while ensuring the vibration reduction effect.

[0022] 3. Rapid deployment and replacement: A quick-release device with adhesive on hard ground is designed to enable the rapid deployment and replacement of the mortar and the change of firing position through magnetic auxiliary positioning and a snap-on structure, thus improving combat efficiency.

[0023] 4. High viscosity and stability: Use high viscosity, high temperature resistant hard ground adhesive to ensure close adhesion between the device and the ground, preventing the mortar from shifting or jumping back during firing.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention adopts a three-layer composite structure of a composite particle-rubber damper for artillery, a quick-release device for hard ground adhesive, and hard ground adhesive. In particular, the "SMA wire skeleton filled with damping rubber + ceramic particle damping module filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls" of the composite particle-rubber damper for artillery is compounded as the vibration reduction core, solving the problem of "continuous and accurate firing of mortars on hard road surfaces" that has long plagued the industry.

[0025] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The present invention uses a composite particle-rubber damper for artillery, a quick-release device for hard ground adhesive, and hard ground adhesive to form a lightweight vibration reduction device, which is used to absorb the impact energy when the mortar is fired and prevent the back jump phenomenon, significantly improving the shooting accuracy on hard ground (such as concrete and rock).

[0027] 2. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads of the present invention enables the mortar to have the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance, light weight and portability, and continuous and accurate firing on hard roads.

[0028] 3. The composite particle-rubber damper for artillery of the present invention adopts a vibration-absorbing SMA rubber layer filled with a high-elasticity, high-damping rubber material, which can effectively absorb and disperse the impact energy generated when the mortar is fired, reducing the impact on the gun body and the ground.

[0029] 4. In the SMA rubber layer of the composite particle-rubber damper for gun use of the present invention, the SMA wire skeleton has a shape memory effect and a superelastic self-resetting function, which effectively prevents the rubber from deforming.

[0030] 5. In the SMA rubber layer of the composite particle-rubber damper for artillery use of the present invention, silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls are filled in the ceramic particle damping module. The design of the composite structure of the ceramic particle damping module not only greatly improves the effect of absorbing impact force, but also has a lighter structural weight.

[0031] 6. The quick-release device for hard floor adhesive of the present invention effectively realizes a quick replacement mechanism, saving operation time.

[0032] 7. The hard ground adhesive of the present invention adopts a high-viscosity, high-temperature resistant material, which can provide stable adhesion on various hard road surfaces, ensuring that the mortar does not move or jump back during the firing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mortar.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mortar recoil vibration reduction device.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seat plate outer shell when viewed from above.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the shape memory alloy (SMA) skeleton of the composite particle-rubber damper for artillery.

[0037] Figure 5 Diagram of the internal ceramic particle damping module of the composite particle-rubber damper for guns.

[0038] Figure 6 Diagram of the quick-release device for gluing hard floors.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the quick release buckle on the quick release device.

[0040] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the various layers of glue for hard flooring.

[0041] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1. Mortar recoil vibration reduction device, 2. Ceramic particle damping module, 3. SMA wire skeleton, 4. Quick release buckle (41 buckle boss), 5. Quick release device (51 base, 52 guide groove, 53 magnetic auxiliary positioning strip), 6. Rubber, 7. Seat plate outer shell (71 outer shell positioning groove, 72 outer shell buckle, 73 buckle groove), 8. Hard ground glue. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention proposes a mortar recoil vibration reduction device suitable for hard roads, which is located below the mortar base plate. The mortar recoil vibration reduction device 1 adopts a composite structure to achieve the vibration reduction function, mainly including: a composite particle-rubber damper for guns, a quick-release device 5 for hard ground adhesive, and hard ground adhesive 8, wherein: the first layer is the composite particle-rubber damper M-CPRD (Mortar-Composite Particle-Rubber The damper is arranged under the mortar seat plate and has a wave spring skeleton woven from SMA wire. There are four ceramic particle damping modules 2 inside the skeleton. The second layer is a quick-release device 5 for hard ground glue, which is located below the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun. The quick-release device 5 of the hard ground glue is surrounded by quick-release buckles 4 and magnetic auxiliary positioning strips 53, which can be quickly and accurately locked to the mortar seat plate. The third layer is hard ground glue, which is located below the quick-release device 5 of the hard ground glue. The hard ground glue 8 has wide temperature range stability and flexible deformation compensation functions, which can adaptively fill the undulations of the joint surface and achieve seamless fitting of the hard road surface over the entire area.

[0043] The composite particle-rubber damper for artillery includes an SMA rubber layer and a ceramic particle damping module 2 from the outside to the inside. The ceramic particle damping module 2 is filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls. The SMA rubber layer is a composite structure in which rubber 6 is embedded in the mesh gap inside the SMA wire skeleton 3. The SMA wire skeleton 3 is woven into a wave spring mesh structure by SMA wire treated with sulfuric acid corrosion. The mesh nodes are reinforced by laser welding to form a super-elastic support rectangular frame, and the gaps are filled with a blended modified butyl rubber with a wide temperature range and high damping performance; the ceramic particle damping module 2 is arranged inside the SMA rubber layer, and four ceramic particle damping modules 2 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the central axis of the composite particle-rubber damper for artillery. Each ceramic particle damping module 2 contains an opening on the surface and a closed pore structure inside. The SMA rubber layer and the pore structure consume energy synergistically, allowing energy transfer but blocking particle migration. The SMA rubber layer consists of an SMA wire skeleton (3) and a blend of modified butyl rubber. Four ceramic particle damping modules (2) are incorporated within the SMA rubber layer. This allows the impact force of projectiles on the base plate to be instantly dissipated and converted into heat energy. The composite particle-rubber damper for artillery uses a composite structure design, significantly improving impact absorption while maintaining a low structural weight.

[0044] The quick-release device 5 for hard floor glue includes a base 51, a guide groove 52, and a magnetic auxiliary positioning strip 53. Quick-release structures are provided around the base 51. Each set of quick-release structures includes a guide groove 52 and a magnetic auxiliary positioning strip 53. The guide groove 52 is located on the side of the base 51, and the magnetic auxiliary positioning strip 53 is located on the top edge of the base 51. The lower end of the quick-release buckle 4 is hinged to the guide groove 52, and the upper end of the quick-release buckle 4 is provided with a horizontal buckle boss 41.

[0045] The mortar base plate is a titanium alloy cast rectangular plate structure. A base plate outer shell 7 is provided at the bottom of the mortar base plate. The base plate outer shell 7 is a four-frame combination structure corresponding to the bottom edge of the mortar base plate. The base plate outer shell 7 is buckled on the outside of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun; base plate outer shell 7 is provided with outer shell positioning grooves 71 corresponding to the magnetic auxiliary positioning strips 53 around the bottom surface, and the outer shell positioning grooves 71 match the magnetic auxiliary positioning strips 53 to realize the magnetic positioning connection of the mortar base plate; base plate outer shell 7 is provided with outer shell buckles 72 corresponding to the buckle bosses 41 and buckle grooves 73 on its bottom surface around the side surfaces, and the buckle bosses 41 match the buckle grooves 73 to realize the fixed connection of the mortar base plate.

[0046] When the mortar is fired, the SMA rubber layer and ceramic particle damping module 2 of the first layer of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun absorb the impact force at the same time, and the SMA wire skeleton 3 of the SMA rubber layer can maintain the shape of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun and quickly reset; the quick-release device 5 of the second layer of hard ground adhesive can realize functions such as rapid deployment of the mortar and change of firing position; the third layer of hard ground adhesive ensures the close adhesion of the quick-release device 5 to the ground, enhances the adhesion between the quick-release device and the ground, and prevents the mortar from jumping back when firing at an angle.

[0047] Below, the present invention is further described in detail by examples.

[0048] Example

[0049] 1. Composite particle-rubber damper for guns:

[0050] Rubber material: Blended modified butyl rubber, the best operating temperature for damping characteristics is 15℃~20℃; the damping factor is 1.4, and the temperature range is -40℃~50℃, the damping factor is >0.4, with a wide temperature range and high damping performance.

[0051] In this embodiment, the composition and content of the blended modified butyl rubber are as follows (by weight): 50-70 parts of butyl rubber (IIR), 20-30 parts of eucommia rubber (EUG), 30-40 parts of carbon black (N220 / N550), 10-15 parts of silicon nitride ceramic hollow spheres (diameter 1-3 mm), 8-12 parts of phenolic resin, 1-3 parts of sulfur, 1-2 parts of accelerator (ZDMC), 1-2 parts of stearic acid, 2-4 parts of ACR resin, 2-3 parts of antioxidant N,N'-xylyl p-phenylenediamine (DTPD), and 2-4 parts of cashew nut shell liquid. This formula achieves high damping (damping factor > 0.4) in a wide temperature range of -40°C to 50°C through IIR / EUG blending and synergistic silicon nitride hollow sphere interface friction. The damping factor reaches 1.4 at the optimal temperature of 15°C to 20°C, and forms a multi-level energy dissipation system with the SMA skeleton and ceramic particle damping module.

[0052] SMA rubber layer: Ni-Ti shape memory alloy (Ni50at%, Ti50at%) wire is woven into a wave spring skeleton (sulfuric acid corrosion treatment increases the interface bonding strength by 39.37%), and the nodes are reinforced by laser welding to form a superelastic support frame, the gaps of which are filled with blended modified butyl rubber.

[0053] Ceramic particle damping module: It is located inside the SMA rubber layer. Four ceramic particle damping modules are evenly distributed circumferentially along the central axis of the composite particle-rubber damper for guns. The ceramic particle damping module contains surface openings and internal closed pore structures with a pore size of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. The SMA rubber layer and the pore structure consume energy synergistically, allowing energy transfer but blocking particle migration; the pore structure of the ceramic particle damping module is filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls, with a filling rate of 60% to 70% of the total volume of the pore structure. The particle diameter of the silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls is 1 to 3 mm, the porosity is 30% to 50%, and the silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls are lightweight (density ≤ 2.5 g / cm 3 ) and impact fracture resistance.

[0054] The SMA rubber layer is filled with a blended modified butyl rubber and the ceramic particle damping module is filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls, which consume the impact force instantaneously and convert it into internal heat energy.

[0055] 2. Quick release device for hard floor adhesive:

[0056] High-strength, shear-resistant quick-release buckle system: The quick-release buckle is made of high-strength thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU, Shore hardness 70D) and has an elastic deformation of 5mm. A guide groove is provided in the auxiliary positioning area, forming a dual shear-resistant mechanism with the quick-release buckle. In a simulated 120mm mortar recoil test (horizontal impact force 28kN, recoil 28kN / time, frequency 2Hz), the quick-release buckle system can withstand eight consecutive rounds without plastic deformation, and the residual deformation is ≤0.15mm (GJB 548B-2020).

[0057] Quick-release structure: Quick-release structures are evenly distributed around the base (top, bottom, left, and right). Each set of quick-release structures includes a quick-release buckle and an auxiliary positioning area; the quick-release buckle has an engagement depth of 1.5mm and a disassembly and assembly force of ≤50N, achieving quick disassembly and assembly within 3 seconds (meeting the GJB368B field maintenance requirements).

[0058] Magnetic assisted positioning: The magnetic assisted positioning strip is a neodymium iron boron magnetic strip (grade N52) distributed along the edges of the base, with N and N poles arranged alternately, and the magnetic force can be adjusted to 20N; the magnetic assisted positioning strip prioritizes adsorption to achieve ±0.1mm self-alignment, and when the recoil force is greater than 5kN, the quick release buckle is the main bearer.

[0059] Impact-resistant design: The quick-release buckle utilizes a 50wt% polyhexamethylene adipamide (PA66) + 50wt% glass fiber shell with a tensile strength of ≥200MPa. The elastic quick-release buckle and magnetic auxiliary positioning bar provide dual locking. After 30 consecutive shots, the quick-release buckle exhibits a residual deformation of ≤0.2mm (GJB 548B-2020, "Military Equipment Reliability Test Methods").

[0060] Collaborative working mechanism: The magnetic auxiliary positioning strip is preferentially adsorbed to achieve ±0.1mm self-alignment; the quick-release buckle automatically engages and has a tensile strength of 35kN; the fiberglass shell dampens vibration, and the magnetic attraction prevents high-frequency micro-displacement.

[0061] 3. Hard floor adhesive:

[0062] like Figure 8 As shown, the hard floor adhesive consists of a multilayer structure consisting of a base layer, a lower adhesive layer, an upper adhesive layer, an anti-corrosion layer, a waterproof layer, and an Fe-SMA fiber-reinforced mesh. The structure is as follows: the base layer (PET / PVC composite film) is corona-treated and directly bonded to the lower adhesive layer (nano-silica-modified acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive). The lower adhesive layer, with nano-silica particles penetrating the base layer, fills the micropores of the hard floor. The upper adhesive layer (bromomaleic anhydride-crosslinked polyurethane adhesive) is applied over the lower adhesive layer. The combined thickness of the two adhesive layers is 2±0.2mm and can be compressed by 30% to accommodate the unevenness of the hard floor. The upper adhesive layer is then covered with an anti-corrosion layer (double-sided epoxy resin coating, meaning epoxy resin is applied to both sides of the same film to form a double-sided protective layer) and a waterproof layer (silane-modified polyethylene film). These two layers are stacked in sequence to provide insulation against environmental corrosion. An Fe-SMA fiber-reinforced mesh is embedded between the upper adhesive layer and the anti-corrosion layer. The mesh utilizes an orthogonal weave (5mm mesh spacing) and suppresses adhesive creep through a shrinkage prestress (200kPa) at temperatures above 25°C. The synergistic material properties of each layer achieve wide temperature stability (-40°C to 70°C) and dynamic creep resistance.

[0063] Substrate layer: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) / polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite film (thickness 0.1mm±0.02mm) is prepared using a biaxial stretching process, with a tensile strength of ≥50N / cm. The surface is corona treated (power 50W, treatment speed 3m / min) to achieve a surface energy ≥50mN / m, improving adhesive adhesion by 200%. After passing the GJB 150.11A salt spray test for 500 hours, the peel strength of the substrate layer only decreased by 5%.

[0064] Bottom layer adhesive: Nano-silica modified acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (initial adhesion 15N / cm 2 ), add 5wt% nano-silica (particle size 20-50nm) to fill the micropores of the hard surface (roughness Ra = 10-50μm);

[0065] In this embodiment, the composition and content of the nano-silica modified acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive are as follows (by weight percentage): acrylate monomer (70-85%, containing 45-55% soft monomers BA / EHA / OA, 20-25% hard monomers MMA, 5-8% functional monomers AA / HEA), nano-silica (5%, particle size 20-50 nm), tackifying resin (3-5% rosin glycerol ester), antioxidant (0.5-1% 1010 type) and solvent (balance ethyl acetate), which are polymerized by initiator (persulfate) and crosslinking agent (isocyanate) to achieve an initial adhesion of 15 N / cm 2 And it is suitable for hard ground roughness (Ra=10~50μm).

[0066] Upper glue: Brominated maleic anhydride cross-linked polyurethane glue (temperature resistance -40℃~120℃), containing 2wt% brominated maleic anhydride cross-linking agent, resistant to electrolyte (gasoline, hydraulic oil) immersion for 48h without swelling;

[0067] In this embodiment, the composition and content of the brominated maleic anhydride cross-linked polyurethane adhesive are as follows (by weight percentage): polyurethane prepolymer (60-75%, containing 40-50% polyether polyol / polyester polyol and 20-25% diisocyanate MDI / IPDI), brominated maleic anhydride cross-linking agent (2-4%), chain extender (3-6%, BDO / EDA), flame retardant (5-8% antimony trioxide) and solvent (balance acetone). The temperature resistance of -40°C to 120°C and electrolyte resistance are achieved through cross-linking of anhydride groups.

[0068] Synergistic effect: The total thickness of the double-layer adhesive layer, the lower and upper adhesive layers, is 2±0.2mm. It can be compressed by 30% to adapt to the unevenness of hard surfaces (height difference ≤ 1.5mm), tolerates 0.5mm dust contamination, and has wide temperature range stability.

[0069] Anti-corrosion layer: Double-sided epoxy resin coating (thickness 10μm), passed 500h neutral salt spray test (GJB 150.11A);

[0070] Waterproof layer: Silane modified polyethylene film (thickness 20μm), water vapor permeability <0.1g / (m 2 ·day), meeting the GJB150.9A damp heat test.

[0071] In this embodiment, the silane-modified polyethylene film is a conventional technology, and its composition and content are as follows (by weight): 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 1 to 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.01 to 0.12 parts of initiator, 0.125 parts of catalyst and 1 to 30 parts of filler. The heat resistance and processing performance are improved by grafting and cross-linking.

[0072] Iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) fiber reinforced mesh: The Fe-SMA fiber reinforced mesh has a three-dimensional grid structure (equilateral triangle mesh) with a grid spacing of 5mm. The nodes are fixed by brazing or laser welding to ensure uniform force. The fiber diameter is 0.1mm, the prestrain is 3%, and the grid spacing is 5mm. When the temperature is greater than 25℃, the shrinkage generates a 200kPa prestress, which inhibits the creep of the adhesive layer and provides dynamic anti-creep stress. At 100kg / m 2 Under continuous load, the displacement after 30 days is ≤0.1mm (GJB 548B).

[0073] Fe-SMA is a five-element alloy system of Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni. Its basic composition and content, calculated by weight percentage, are as follows: Mn 14.5-17.5%, Si 4.5-5.5%, Cr 9.5-10.5%, Ni 3.5-8.5%, and Fe as the balance. Typical grades include F1705NC (Fe-17Mn-5Si-10Cr-4Ni).

[0074] Stability in a wide temperature range: Shear strength of the adhesive layer ≥8N / cm at -40°C 2 (GJB 150.4A); creep resistance retention rate at 70°C ≥ 90% (GJB 150.3A).

[0075] The implementation results show that the present invention is suitable for a mortar recoil vibration reduction device for hard roads. It can effectively absorb the impact energy generated when the mortar is fired, reduce the impact on the gun body and the ground, does not require realignment, and can achieve continuous and precise strikes of multiple shells in a short period of time. It is also lighter to use and can be quickly deployed.

[0076] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may be modified or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents, and such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads, located below the mortar base plate, characterized in that: The device includes a composite particle-rubber damper for artillery, a quick-release device for hard ground adhesive and hard ground adhesive, wherein: the first layer is the composite particle-rubber damper for artillery, which is arranged under the mortar seat plate and has a wave spring skeleton woven from SMA wire, and four ceramic particle damping modules inside the skeleton; the second layer is the quick-release device for hard ground adhesive, which is located below the composite particle-rubber damper for artillery. The quick-release device for hard ground adhesive is surrounded by quick-release buckles and magnetic auxiliary positioning strips, and is locked to the mortar seat plate through the quick-release device; the third layer is the hard ground adhesive, which is located below the quick-release device for hard ground adhesive. The hard ground adhesive has wide temperature range stability and flexible deformation compensation functions, and can adaptively fill the undulations of the joint surface to achieve seamless fitting of the hard road surface over the entire area.

2. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite particle-rubber damper for artillery includes an SMA rubber layer and a ceramic particle damping module from the outside to the inside. The ceramic particle damping module is filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls. The SMA rubber layer is a composite structure in which rubber is embedded in the mesh gaps inside the SMA wire skeleton. The SMA wire skeleton is woven into a wave spring mesh structure by SMA wire treated with sulfuric acid corrosion. The grid nodes are reinforced by laser welding to form a super-elastic support rectangular frame, and the gaps are filled with a blended modified butyl rubber with a wide temperature range and high damping performance; the ceramic particle damping module is arranged inside the SMA rubber layer, and four ceramic particle damping modules are evenly distributed circumferentially along the central axis of the composite particle-rubber damper for artillery. Each ceramic particle damping module contains openings on the surface and closed pore structures inside. The SMA rubber layer and the pore structure consume energy synergistically, allowing energy transfer and blocking particle migration.

3. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-release device for hard floor glue includes a base and a quick-release structure. Quick-release structures are provided around the base. Each set of quick-release structures includes a guide groove and a magnetic auxiliary positioning strip. The guide groove is located on the side of the base, and the magnetic auxiliary positioning strip is located on the top edge of the base. The lower end of the quick-release buckle is hinged to the guide groove, and the upper end of the quick-release buckle is provided with a horizontal buckle boss.

4. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mortar base plate is a titanium alloy cast rectangular plate structure. A base plate outer shell is provided at the bottom of the mortar base plate. The base plate outer shell is a four-frame combination structure corresponding to the bottom edge of the mortar base plate. The base plate outer shell cover is buckled on the outside of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun; outer shell positioning grooves corresponding to the magnetic auxiliary positioning strips are respectively provided around the bottom surface of the base plate outer shell, and the outer shell positioning grooves match the magnetic auxiliary positioning strips to realize the magnetic positioning connection of the mortar base plate; outer shell buckles corresponding to the buckle bosses and buckle grooves on the bottom surface are respectively provided around the side surfaces of the base plate outer shell, and the buckle bosses match the buckle grooves to realize the fixed connection of the mortar base plate.

5. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the mortar is fired, the SMA rubber layer and ceramic particle damping module of the first layer of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun absorb the impact force at the same time, and the SMA wire skeleton of the SMA rubber layer maintains the shape of the composite particle-rubber damper for the gun and quickly resets; the quick-release device of the second layer of hard ground adhesive enables the mortar to be quickly deployed and the firing position to be changed; the third layer of hard ground adhesive ensures the close adhesion of the quick-release device to the ground, enhances the adhesion between the quick-release device and the ground, and prevents the mortar from jumping back when firing at an angle.

6. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The composition and content of the blended modified butyl rubber are as follows by weight: 50-70 parts of butyl rubber (IIR), 20-30 parts of eucommia rubber (EUG), 30-40 parts of carbon black (N220 / N550), 10-15 parts of silicon nitride ceramic hollow spheres, 8-12 parts of phenolic resin, 1-3 parts of sulfur, 1-2 parts of accelerator (ZDMC), 1-2 parts of stearic acid, 2-4 parts of ACR resin, 2-3 parts of antioxidant N,N'-dimethylbenzene p-phenylenediamine (DTPD), and 2-4 parts of cashew nut shell oil; the blended modified butyl rubber achieves high damping in a wide temperature range of -40°C to 50°C through IIR / EUG blending and synergistic interface friction of silicon nitride hollow spheres, with a damping factor of 0.4-1.4, and forms a multi-stage energy dissipation system with the SMA skeleton and ceramic particle damping module.

7. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The ceramic particle damping module contains openings on the surface and closed pore structures inside, with a pore diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. The pore structure of the ceramic particle damping module is filled with silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls, and the filling rate is 60% to 70% of the total volume of the pore structure. The particle diameter of the silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls is 1 to 3 mm, and the porosity is 30% to 50%. The silicon nitride ceramic hollow balls take into account both lightweight and impact resistance.

8. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The quick-release device uses a quick-release buckle and a magnetic auxiliary positioning strip for dual locking. The magnetic auxiliary positioning strip is a neodymium iron boron magnetic strip distributed along the edges of the base with a magnetic force of 20N. The magnetic auxiliary positioning strip preferentially adsorbs to achieve ±0.1mm self-alignment. When the recoil is greater than 5kN, the quick-release buckle is the main bearer. The quick-release buckle is composed of 50wt% polyhexamethylene adipamide and 50wt% glass fiber shell, with a tensile strength ≥200MPa.

9. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The hard floor adhesive is a multi-layer structure consisting of a base material layer, a lower layer of adhesive, an upper layer of adhesive, an anti-corrosion layer, a waterproof layer, and a Fe-SMA fiber reinforced mesh. The connection relationship is as follows: the base material layer serves as the bottom layer, and is directly bonded to the lower layer of adhesive after corona treatment. The lower layer of adhesive fills the micropores of the hard floor through the base material layer via nano-silicon dioxide particles; the upper layer of adhesive is coated on top of the lower layer of adhesive, and the total thickness of the two layers of adhesive is 2±0.2mm; the surface of the upper layer of adhesive is covered with an anti-corrosion layer and a waterproof layer in sequence, and the two are stacked in sequence to isolate environmental erosion; the Fe-SMA fiber reinforced mesh is embedded between the upper layer of adhesive and the anti-corrosion layer, and the Fe-SMA fiber reinforced mesh adopts orthogonal weaving.

10. The mortar recoil damping device suitable for hard roads according to claim 9, characterized in that: The base material layer is made of PET / PVC composite film, the lower layer of glue is made of nano-silica modified acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, the upper layer of glue is made of brominated maleic anhydride cross-linked polyurethane adhesive, the anti-corrosion layer is made of double-sided epoxy resin coating, and the waterproof layer is made of silane-modified polyethylene film; the structure of the Fe-SMA fiber reinforced mesh is a three-dimensional grid structure with a grid spacing of 5mm, and the nodes are fixed by brazing or laser welding.

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