High-precision astronomical telescope focalizer based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a high-precision astronomical telescope focusing device based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment, which comprises a lens barrel, a focusing seat, a focusing assembly, a locking plate and a locking screw, and is characterized in that the lens barrel is slidably mounted on the focusing seat in a limiting manner, a matching round rod is slidably mounted on the focusing seat, the focusing assembly is mounted on the matching round rod, and the locking plate is mounted on the locking screw. An electromagnetic coupling is arranged at the end part of the matching round rod, the locking screw is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the focusing seat, the locking plate is slidably mounted on the focusing seat, a pressure sensor is mounted on the locking plate, and the pressure sensor is connected with the electromagnetic coupling through electric control. According to the invention, the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure at the joint of the locking plate and the lens barrel in real time before focusing, and the focusing knob is rotated to focus after the locking plate is unlocked, so that gear wear caused by rotation of the focusing knob when the locking plate is not unlocked is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular to a high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment. Background Art

[0002] Astronomical telescopes are the main tools for observing celestial bodies and capturing celestial information. They are generally composed of four parts: objective lens, lens barrel, focuser and eyepiece. The objective lens is the core component that collects light and forms the initial image. It usually adopts lens or reflector. The lens barrel is used to fix the light path and protect the internal structure. It consists of a base and a rotatable bracket to support the installation of the objective lens and eyepiece. The eyepiece amplifies the light focused by the objective lens for observation. When using an astronomical telescope, multi-axis adjustment is generally required. The up, down, left and right movement of the lens barrel is balanced through multi-dimensional adjustment to keep the lens barrel level in response to different terrains to avoid The offset of the bracket or bearing causes blurred imaging. At the same time, ensure that the field of view of the lens barrel and the finderscope are consistent to simplify the observation process. When observing celestial bodies, it is necessary to use the focuser to adjust the relative position of the objective lens and the eyepiece so that the objective lens accurately focuses on the target to match the optical characteristics of the observed target and ensure clear imaging. After the focuser completes focusing, the locking screw is generally used to tighten and pressurize the lens barrel to fix the focuser and the lens barrel relatively. However, the contact area between the screw and the lens barrel is small, and the applied pressure is small, which may cause the focusing barrel to deviate or tilt in the direction of the screw pressure, causing the focusing seat to loosen and tilt with the optical axis, affecting the imaging accuracy.

[0003] In order to avoid the possibility that the focusing tube may deviate or tilt in the direction of the screw pressure when the locking screw is used to fix the lens barrel, the utility model patent with application number CN202123320020.1 provides a locking structure of the telescope focusing seat. The utility model provides a locking assembly on the focusing seat. The focusing seat includes a focusing seat body and a focusing tube. The locking assembly includes an outer shell, two limit rods, a locking bolt and a fastening plate. When the user uses the telescope, the focal length of the focusing seat body and the focusing tube is adjusted. After the focal length is adjusted, the locking bolt is rotated, and the locking bolt moves downward so that the fastening plate is locked in the outer shell. When the focus is adjusted, the fixing plate is pressed down on the focusing tube, thereby locking the focusing tube to the focusing seat body. The setting of the limit rod prevents the fixing plate from deflecting when it moves downward, affecting the locking effect of the fixing plate, and solves the problem that the existing focusing seat uses a single bolt for locking, the locking is unstable, and affects the accuracy of the focusing seat. However, the gear teeth of the gear rack in the focuser are small and can withstand small torque. The traditional locking method cannot monitor the locking status intelligently in real time, and manual operation is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the locking force. If the fixing plate is not unlocked or not completely unlocked during focusing, it is easy to cause gear wear or even tooth breakage inside the focuser.

[0004] Therefore, in order to avoid the wear of the internal gears of the focuser caused by forgetting to unlock the fastening plate or incomplete unlocking of the fastening plate when using the focuser for focusing, a high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment. In order to avoid the inability to monitor the locking status in real time when using the focuser for focusing, resulting in the gears inside the focuser being worn or even broken when focusing when the locking plate is not unlocked or not completely unlocked, a pressure sensor is set on the locking plate to monitor the locking pressure, and the focusing knob is rotated to unlock the locking plate before focusing. The focusing knob can only be turned after the locking plate is unlocked to focus, thereby avoiding the gear wear caused by rotating the focusing knob when the locking plate is not unlocked.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The focuser of the high-precision astronomical telescope based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment includes a lens barrel, a focusing seat, a focusing assembly, a locking plate and a locking screw, wherein the lens barrel is limitedly slidably mounted on the focusing seat, a rotating rod is mounted in the focusing seat, a driving gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod, a driving rack is fixedly mounted on the lens barrel, and the driving gear and the driving rack are meshed with each other inside the focusing seat, a matching round rod is slidably mounted on the focusing seat, the focusing assembly is mounted on the matching round rod, an electromagnetic coupling is provided at the end of the matching round rod, the end of the electromagnetic coupling is slidably engaged with the end of the rotating rod, the locking screw is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the focusing seat, the locking plate is slidably mounted on the focusing seat and slidably engaged with the driving rack, the locking screw is located on one side of the locking plate, a pressure sensor is mounted on the locking plate, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coupling, and when the locking screw is rotated, the pressure sensor controls the power on and off of the electromagnetic coupling.

[0008] When the locking plate is unlocked, the pressure of the locking plate on the lens barrel is monitored in real time. When the pressure of the locking plate on the lens barrel disappears and the locking plate is completely unlocked, the pressure sensor energizes the electromagnetic coupling through electrical transmission. At this time, the focusing assembly can be used for focusing to avoid wear or even tooth breakage of the gears inside the focuser caused by focusing when the locking plate is not unlocked.

[0009] Preferably, the focusing assembly includes a coarse adjustment knob and a fine adjustment knob, and the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob are both mounted on a mating round rod, a thrust spring is fixedly mounted on one end of the mating round rod, the fine adjustment knob is connected to the coarse adjustment knob through a reduction mechanism, a one-way gear is mounted on the locking screw for unidirectional rotation, an unlocking gear is mounted on the coarse adjustment knob, and an unlocking rack is slidably mounted on the focusing seat, one end of the unlocking rack is engaged with the one-way gear, and the other end is engaged with the unlocking gear.

[0010] By arranging a coarse adjustment knob and a fine adjustment knob on the mating round rod, the fine adjustment knob and the coarse adjustment knob are matched through a gear reduction mechanism to achieve fast and precise focusing with different speed ratios. The thrust spring provides thrust for the horizontal movement of the mating round rod, and a ratchet transmission structure is provided at the connection between the locking screw and the one-way gear. The one-way gear can only drive the locking screw to rotate in one direction. When the electromagnetic coupling is not energized, turning the coarse adjustment knob cannot drive the rotating rod to rotate. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob will drive the unlocking gear to rotate, and the unlocking gear drives one end of the unlocking rack to move in one direction, and the other end of the unlocking rack causes the one-way gear to rotate in one direction. The rotation of the one-way gear causes the locking screw to rotate, and the locking screw loosens the fastening contact with the locking plate, so that the focusing seat can adjust the movement of the lens barrel. When the pressure sensor detects that the locking plate is completely unlocked, The pressure sensor energizes the electromagnetic coupling, and the end of the electromagnetic coupling is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob can make the matching round rod drive the rotating rod to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod drives the driving gear to rotate, so that the driving rack moves to focus the lens barrel. When the objective lens accurately focuses on the target and matches the optical characteristics of the observed target to ensure clear imaging, the locking screw is turned to tighten the locking plate to fix the lens barrel on the focusing seat. Since the locking screw and the one-way gear are connected in one-way rotation, the one-way gear does not rotate when the locking screw is tightened. Before performing the focusing work, the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob can be turned to unlock the locking plate, so that some staff who are not familiar with the operating procedures can also completely unlock the locking plate before performing the focusing work, further avoiding the wear of the gears inside the focuser due to the locking plate not being unlocked.

[0011] Preferably, the unlocking rack includes an upper rack 1 and a lower rack 2, and the upper rack 1 and the lower rack 2 are elastically slidably mounted on the focusing seat, and the upper rack 1 and the lower rack 2 can both engage with the unlocking gear. A switching knob is rotatably mounted on one side of the focusing seat, and a toggle rod is fixedly mounted on the switching knob, and the end of the toggle rod is located between the upper rack 1 and the lower rack 2. When the switching knob is rotated to a set angle, the toggle rod will be fixed at the current position.

[0012] By setting the unlocking rack as an upper rack one and a lower rack two, the upper rack one and the lower rack two are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the unlocking gear. When the switching knob is turned clockwise, the toggle lever rotates with the switching knob and is stuck in the current position by the side wall of the focusing seat. The toggle lever lifts the upper rack one, and the upper rack one disengages from the unlocking gear. At this time, the rotation of the unlocking gear only drives the lower rack two to move. When the switching knob is turned counterclockwise, the toggle lever presses the lower rack two downward, and the lower rack two disengages from the unlocking gear. At this time, the rotation of the unlocking gear only drives the lower rack two to move. Before using the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob to adjust the focus, the one-way gear can be rotated to unlock the locking plate by adjusting the switching knob regardless of forward or reverse rotation, thereby avoiding structural interference and improving the versatility of the equipment.

[0013] Preferably, a pushing gear is fixedly mounted on the locking screw, and the pushing gear is located at the bottom of the focus seat. A pushing rack is slidably mounted on the focus seat, and the pushing rack is meshed with the pushing gear. A pushing rod is elastically rotatably mounted on the focus seat, and the end of the pushing rod is located on one side of the coarse adjustment knob. One end of the pushing rack is made of elastic metal material. A sleeve is fixedly mounted on the focus seat, and the matching round rod is slidably matched with the sleeve. A thrust spring is fixedly mounted on one end of the matching round rod. An elastic clip is provided at the end of the rod, and the end of the elastic clip is provided with a chamfered corner. A limiting ring is provided on the sleeve, and the elastic clip is slidably matched with the limiting ring. A rectangular through-hole is symmetrically provided on the limiting ring. Two clamping plates are symmetrically provided on the fine adjustment knob, and an annular clamping groove is provided on the coarse adjustment knob. The end of the clamping plate is slidably matched with the annular clamping groove. A clamping protrusion is provided in the annular clamping groove and at the end of the clamping plate. An abutment ring is fixedly installed on the focusing seat, and the abutment ring is coaxially installed with the sleeve.

[0014] The push gear is fixedly installed on the locking screw. When the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob is turned to complete the focusing work, the locking screw needs to be turned again to tighten the locking plate to tighten the lens barrel. When the locking screw is turned, the rack is pushed to rotate with the locking screw, and the gear drives the rack to move horizontally. The end of the rack is pushed against the side wall of the push rod to rotate the push rod. When the push rod rotates, the end of the push rod abuts against the side wall of the coarse adjustment knob to move the mating round rod in the horizontal direction. At this time, the electromagnetic coupling disengages from the end of the rotating rod, and the elastic clip is elastically deformed and slides relative to the limit ring. The chamfer can reduce the friction between the elastic clip and the limit ring. Then the elastic clip is clamped on the sleeve, and the end of the rack is elastically deformed and disengaged from the contact with the push rod. At the same time, the push rod is elastically reset. At this time, the coarse adjustment knob is turned The knob or fine adjustment knob cannot rotate the rotating rod, and the locking screw completes the locking of the lens barrel. When the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob is turned to unlock, the elastic buckle will be rotated to the rectangular opening position, and the elastic buckle will no longer be engaged with the sleeve. The electromagnetic coupling is fixed with the end of the rotating rod by magnetic force. At this time, the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob can be turned to focus. While tightening the locking screw, the mating round rod and the rotating rod are disengaged and reset. There is no need for manual reset by the staff, which improves the convenience of equipment operation. When the fine adjustment knob is turned to drive the unlocking gear to drive the unlocking rack to move, due to the cooperation of the clamping plate and the annular groove, the fine adjustment knob can directly drive the coarse adjustment knob to rotate, without the need for transmission through the reduction mechanism, avoiding wear of the gears inside the reduction mechanism due to excessive torque, further ensuring the service life of the gear reduction mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped baffles are provided in the rectangular opening, the arc-shaped baffles are made of rubber material, and the elastic buckle and the arc-shaped baffles can slide relative to each other.

[0016] By arranging an arc-shaped baffle in the rectangular opening, when the thrust spring pushes the elastic clip to detach from the sleeve from the rectangular opening, the end of the elastic clip and the arc-shaped baffle slide relative to each other, and the rubber material can increase the friction between the arc-shaped baffle and the elastic clip, thereby reducing the matching speed of the electromagnetic coupling and the end of the rotating rod when the electromagnetic coupling is energized, avoiding the excessive speed of the matching round rod that causes the internal gear of the speed reduction mechanism on the fine-tuning knob to vibrate, thereby ensuring the normal service life of the speed reduction mechanism on the fine-tuning knob.

[0017] Preferably, a magnetic slider is slidably installed inside the clamping plate, and the magnetic slider is slidably matched with the annular clamping groove. The electromagnetic coupling controls the vertical movement of the magnetic slider when the power is turned on and off, and the cross-section of the clamping protrusion is set to be a triangle.

[0018] The magnetic slider is installed by sliding inside the clamping plate. When the clamping plate is inserted into the annular clamping groove, the clamping protrusion on the clamping plate fits and abuts against the clamping protrusion in the clamping groove, preventing the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob from rotating relative to each other. The electromagnetic coupling is energized by the pressure sensor, and the magnetic slider slides out of the clamping plate under the influence of the magnetic force. The magnetic slider is clamped and matched with the annular clamping groove. At this time, the clamping plate limits the relative rotation and sliding between the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob, further preventing the gears inside the reduction mechanism from being worn due to torque.

[0019] Preferably, the clamping plate is elastically limited and slidably mounted on the fine adjustment knob, and the end of the clamping plate is 3-5 mm away from the side wall of the limiting ring.

[0020] By elastically limiting and sliding the clip-on plate on the fine-tuning knob, when the mating round rod moves toward the limiting ring, the limiting ring presses against the clip-on plate so that the clip-on plate engages with the annular groove. The clip-on plate then rebounds and always maintains a distance of 1 cm from the limiting ring, preventing friction between the clip-on plate and the limiting ring when the fine-tuning knob is rotated, causing the fine-tuning knob to vibrate and affect the gear connection inside the reduction mechanism.

[0021] Preferably, a signal light is provided on the locking plate, and the signal light is electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

[0022] By setting a signal light on the locking plate, the pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the locking plate on the lens barrel and transmits information through the signal light, making it easier for staff to observe and make timely operational adjustments.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. A pressure sensor is installed on the locking plate to monitor the pressure between the locking plate and the lens barrel in real time. When the locking plate is fully unlocked, the pressure sensor energizes the electromagnetic coupling through electrical transmission. At this time, the focusing assembly can be used for focusing, avoiding wear or even tooth breakage of the gears inside the focuser caused by focusing when the locking plate is unlocked.

[0025] 2. The locking plate can be unlocked by turning the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob before focusing. This allows some staff who are not familiar with the operating procedures to completely unlock the locking plate before focusing, further avoiding wear of the gears inside the focuser due to the locking plate not being unlocked.

[0026] 3. By setting a push rod on one side of the coarse adjustment knob, the matching round rod and the rotating rod are disengaged and reset while the locking screw is tightened, eliminating the need for manual reset by the staff, thereby improving the convenience of equipment operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the meshing of the driving gear and the driving rack of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the magnetic slider and the annular groove of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the electromagnetic coupling and the end of the rotating rod of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the rotation of the switching knob of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of unlocking the locking plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the push rack driving the push rod of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the locking plate structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure: 1, lens barrel; 101, drive rack; 2, focuser; 201, unlocking rack; 202, upper rack 1; 203, lower rack 2; 204, switching knob; 205, toggle lever; 206, mating rod; 207, electromagnetic coupling; 208, thrust spring; 209, push rack; 210, push rod; 211, sleeve; 212, elastic buckle; 213, limit ring; 214, rectangular Through port; 215, abutment ring; 3, focusing assembly; 31, coarse adjustment knob; 311, annular slot; 312, snap-on protrusion; 32, fine adjustment knob; 321, snap-on plate; 322, magnetic slider; 33, rotating rod; 34, driving gear; 35, unlocking gear; 4, locking plate; 41, pressure sensor; 5, locking screw; 51, one-way gear; 52, pushing gear; 6, arc-shaped baffle; 7, signal light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0037] The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment includes a lens barrel 1, a focusing seat 2, a focusing assembly 3, a locking plate 4 and a locking screw 5. The lens barrel 1 is slidingly mounted on the focusing seat 2, a rotating rod 33 is installed in the focusing seat 2, a driving gear 34 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 33, a driving rack 101 is fixedly mounted on the lens barrel 1, the driving gear 34 and the driving rack 101 are meshed with each other inside the focusing seat 2, a matching round rod 206 is slidingly mounted on the focusing seat 2, the focusing assembly 3 is mounted on the matching round rod 206, an electromagnetic coupling 207 is provided at the end of the matching round rod 206, and the electromagnetic coupling 20 7 end and the end of the rotating rod 33 are slidably matched. The electromagnetic coupling 207 is similar in structure to the permanent magnet coupling. A permanent magnet is installed inside the permanent magnet coupling, while an electromagnet is installed inside the electromagnetic coupling 207. The locking screw 5 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the focusing seat 2. The locking plate 4 is slidably mounted on the focusing seat 2 and slidably matched with the driving rack 101. The locking screw 5 is located on one side of the locking plate 4. A pressure sensor 41 is installed on the locking plate 4. The pressure sensor 41 is connected to the electromagnetic coupling 207 through an electronic control. When the locking screw 5 is rotated, the pressure sensor 41 controls the power on and off of the electromagnetic coupling 207, and the driving gear 34 is positioned. In the middle of the rotating rod 33, the focusing assembly 3 can control the rotation of the rotating rod 33 to adjust the focus. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is not powered on, the focusing assembly 3 cannot rotate the rotating rod 33. At this time, the end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 slides against the end of the rotating rod 33. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is powered on, the end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 can be fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 33 by magnetic force. At this time, the focusing assembly 3 can drive the rotating rod 33 to rotate for focusing. When the locking screw 5 is tightened on the focusing seat 2 to support the locking plate 4, so that the locking plate 4 fits the lens barrel 1 to fix the lens barrel 1, the electromagnetic coupling 207 is in the power-off state. When it is necessary to focus When the locking plate 4 is unlocked for focusing, the pressure sensor 41 monitors the pressure of the locking plate 4 against the lens barrel 1 in real time. When the pressure of the locking plate 4 on the lens barrel 1 disappears and the locking plate 4 is completely unlocked, the pressure sensor 41 energizes the electromagnetic coupling 207 through electrical transmission. At this time, the focusing assembly 3 can be used for focusing. A signal light 7 is provided on the locking plate 4, and the information of the pressure sensor 41 can be transmitted through the signal light 7. The pressure sensor 41, the focusing assembly 3 and the signal light 7 constitute an intelligent sensing system, which avoids the wear or even chipping of the gears inside the focuser caused by focusing when the locking plate 4 is not unlocked.The focusing assembly 3 includes a coarse adjustment knob 31 and a fine adjustment knob 32. The coarse adjustment knob 31 and the fine adjustment knob 32 are both mounted on a matching round rod 206. A thrust spring 208 is fixedly mounted on one end of the matching round rod 206. The fine adjustment knob 32 is connected to the coarse adjustment knob 31 through a reduction mechanism. A one-way gear 51 is mounted on the locking screw 5 for unidirectional rotation. An unlocking gear 35 is mounted on the coarse adjustment knob 31. An unlocking rack 201 is slidably mounted on the focusing seat 2. One end of the unlocking rack 201 is meshed with the one-way gear 51, and the other end is meshed with the unlocking gear 35. The fine adjustment knob 32 and the coarse adjustment knob 31 are connected by a gear. The reduction mechanism cooperates to achieve fast and precise focusing with different speed ratios. The thrust spring 208 provides thrust for the horizontal movement of the round rod 206. A ratchet transmission structure is provided at the connection between the locking screw 5 and the one-way gear 51. The one-way gear 51 can only drive the locking screw 5 to rotate in one direction. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is not energized, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 cannot drive the rotating rod 33 to rotate. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 will drive the unlocking gear 35 to rotate. The unlocking gear 35 drives one end of the unlocking rack 201 to move in one direction, and the other end of the unlocking rack 201 makes the one-way gear 33 rotate. The wheel 51 rotates in one direction, and the rotation of the one-way gear 51 causes the locking screw 5 to rotate, and the locking screw 5 loosens the fastening contact with the locking plate 4, so that the focus seat 2 can adjust the movement of the lens barrel 1. When the pressure sensor 41 detects that the locking plate 4 is completely unlocked, the pressure sensor 41 energizes the electromagnetic coupling 207, and the end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 is fixedly connected and matched with the end of the rotating rod 33. At this time, rotating the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 can cause the matching round rod 206 to drive the rotating rod 33 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 33 drives the driving gear 34 to rotate, so that the driving rack 101 moves to adjust the focus of the lens barrel 1. When the objective lens is accurately focused on the target and the optical characteristics of the observed target are matched, ensuring a clear image, the locking screw 5 is then turned to tighten the locking plate 4 to secure the lens barrel 1 to the focuser 2. Since the locking screw 5 is connected to the one-way gear 51 for one-way rotation, the one-way gear 51 does not rotate when the locking screw 5 is tightened. Before focusing, the locking plate 4 can be unlocked by turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32. This allows even those unfamiliar with the operating procedures to fully unlock the locking plate 4 before focusing, further preventing wear on the gears inside the focuser due to the locking plate 4 not being unlocked.

[0038] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 2 to 8, the unlocking rack 201 includes an upper rack 1 202 and a lower rack 203, the upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 203 are elastically slidably mounted on the focusing seat 2, the upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 203 can both engage with the unlocking gear 35, a switching knob 204 is rotatably mounted on one side of the focusing seat 2, and a toggle rod 205 is fixedly mounted on the switching knob 204, the end of the toggle rod 205 is located between the upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 203, when the switching knob 204 is rotated to the set angle, the toggle rod 205 will be fixed in the current position, the upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 203 are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the unlocking gear 35, when the switching knob 204 is rotated clockwise, the toggle rod 205 rotates with the switching knob 204 and is driven by the focusing seat 2 When the side wall is stuck in the current position, the toggle lever 205 lifts the upper rack 1 202, and the upper rack 1 202 is disengaged from the unlocking gear 35. At this time, the rotation of the unlocking gear 35 only drives the lower rack 203 to move. When the switching knob 204 is rotated counterclockwise, the toggle lever 205 presses the lower rack 203 downward, and the lower rack 203 is disengaged from the unlocking gear 35. At this time, the rotation of the unlocking gear 35 only drives the lower rack 203 to move. Before using the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 to adjust the focus, whether it is forward or reverse, the adjustment of the switching knob 204 can make the one-way gear 51 rotate to unlock the locking plate 4, avoiding structural interference and improving the versatility of the equipment; a pushing gear 52 is fixedly installed on the locking screw 5, and the pushing gear 52 is located in the adjustment position At the bottom of the focus seat 2, a pushing rack 209 is slidably installed on the focus seat 2, and the pushing rack 209 is engaged with the pushing gear 52. A pushing rod 210 is elastically rotatably installed on the focus seat 2, and the end of the pushing rod 210 is located on the side of the coarse adjustment knob 31. One end of the pushing rack 209 is made of elastic metal material. A sleeve 211 is fixedly installed on the focus seat 2, and the matching round rod 206 is slidably matched with the sleeve 211. A thrust spring 208 is fixedly installed on one end of the matching round rod 206, and an elastic buckle 212 is provided at the end of the matching round rod 206. The end of the elastic buckle 212 is provided with a chamfered corner. A limiting ring 213 is provided on the sleeve 211, and the elastic buckle 212 is slidably matched with the limiting ring 213. The limiting ring 213 is symmetrically provided with a rectangular through-hole 214. Two clamping plates 321 are symmetrically provided on the fine adjustment knob 32, and an annular clamping groove 311 is opened on the coarse adjustment knob 31, and the end of the clamping plate 321 is slidably matched with the annular clamping groove 311, and a clamping protrusion 312 is provided in the annular clamping groove 311 and the end of the clamping plate 321. An abutting ring 215 is fixedly installed on the focus seat 2, and the abutting ring 215 is coaxially installed with the sleeve 211. When the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 is turned to complete the focusing work, it is necessary to turn the locking screw again to make the locking plate 4 tighten the lens barrel 1. When the locking screw 5 is turned, the rack 209 is pushed to rotate with the locking screw 5, and the gear 52 drives the rack 209 to move horizontally. The end of the rack 209 abuts against the side wall of the push rod 210 to make the push rod 210 rotate.When the push rod 210 is rotated, the end of the push rod 210 abuts against the side wall of the coarse adjustment knob 31, causing the matching round rod 206 to move in the horizontal direction, and the elastic buckle 212 will be elastically deformed and slide relative to the limit ring 213. The rounded corners can reduce the friction between the elastic buckle 212 and the limit ring 213. Then the elastic buckle 212 will be clamped on the sleeve 211, pushing the end of the rack 209 to be elastically deformed and out of contact with the push rod 210. At the same time, the push rod 210 elastically resets. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 cannot rotate the rotating rod 33, and the locking screw 5 completes the locking of the lens barrel 1. When the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 is turned to unlock, the elastic buckle 212 will be rotated to the rectangular opening When the locking screw 5 is tightened, the mating round rod 206 and the rotating rod 33 are disengaged and reset, and there is no need for manual reset by the staff, which improves the convenience of equipment operation. When the fine adjustment knob 32 is turned to drive the unlocking gear 35 to drive the unlocking rack 201 to move, due to the cooperation of the clamping plate 321 and the annular groove 311, the fine adjustment knob 32 can directly drive the coarse adjustment knob 31 to rotate without the need for transmission through the reduction mechanism, thereby avoiding wear of the gears inside the reduction mechanism due to excessive torque, and further ensuring the service life of the gear reduction mechanism; A plurality of arc-shaped baffles 6 are provided in the opening 214, and the arc-shaped baffles 6 are made of rubber material. The elastic buckle 212 and the arc-shaped baffle 6 can slide relative to each other. When the thrust spring 208 pushes the elastic buckle 212 to disengage from the sleeve 211 from the rectangular opening 214, the end of the elastic buckle 212 slides relative to the arc-shaped baffle 6. The rubber material can increase the friction between the arc-shaped baffle 6 and the elastic buckle 212, thereby reducing the matching speed of the electromagnetic coupling 207 and the end of the rotating rod 33 when the electromagnetic coupling 207 is energized, thereby preventing the thrust spring 208 from pushing the matching round rod 206 too fast to cause the internal gear of the speed reduction mechanism on the fine adjustment knob 32 to vibrate, thereby ensuring the normal service life of the speed reduction mechanism on the fine adjustment knob 32; the internal sliding arrangement of the snap plate 321 The magnetic slider 322 is equipped, and the magnetic slider 322 slides with the annular groove 311. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is powered on and off, the magnetic slider 322 is controlled to move vertically. The cross-section of the engaging protrusion 312 is set to be triangular. When the engaging plate 321 is inserted into the annular groove 311, the engaging protrusion 312 on the engaging plate 321 fits and abuts against the engaging protrusion 312 in the groove, preventing the coarse adjustment knob 31 and the fine adjustment knob 32 from rotating relative to each other. The electromagnetic coupling 207 is controlled to be energized by the pressure sensor 41, and the magnetic slider 322 slides out from the inside of the engaging plate 321 under the influence of the magnetic force. The magnetic slider 322 is engaged with the annular groove 311. At this time, the engaging plate 321 limits the relative rotation and sliding between the coarse adjustment knob 31 and the fine adjustment knob 32.When the cam 321 is in the closed position, the cam 321 is in the closed position, and the cam 321 is in the closed position, so that the cam 321 is in the open position and the cam 321 is out of the open position.

[0039] Working principle: Before focusing, first turn the switching knob 204 to make the upper rack 1 202 or the lower rack 203 engage with the unlocking gear 35. At this time, turn the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 to drive the unlocking gear 35 to rotate. The unlocking gear 35 drives one end of the unlocking rack 201 to move in one direction. The other end of the unlocking rack 201 causes the one-way gear 51 to rotate in one direction. The rotation of the one-way gear 51 causes the locking screw 5 to rotate. The locking screw 5 loosens the fastening contact with the locking plate 4, so that The focuser 2 can adjust the movement of the lens barrel 1. The pressure sensor 41 monitors the pressure at the joint between the locking plate 4 and the lens barrel 1 in real time. When the locking plate 4 is completely unlocked, the pressure sensor 41 energizes the electromagnetic coupling 207. When the elastic buckle 212 is separated from the sleeve 211 from the rectangular opening 214, it slides relative to the arc-shaped baffle 6. The end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 33 by magnetic force. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 can make the mating round rod 206 drive the rotating rod 33. The rotating rod 33 rotates, driving the driving gear 34 to rotate, so that the driving rack 101 moves to adjust the focus of the lens barrel 1. After the focusing is completed, the locking screw 5 is rotated to fix the lens barrel 1. When the locking screw 5 is rotated, the rack 209 is pushed to rotate with the locking screw 5, and the gear 52 drives the rack 209 to move horizontally. The end of the rack 209 abuts against the side wall of the push rod 210, causing the push rod 210 to rotate. When the push rod 210 rotates, the end of the push rod 210 abuts against the coarse adjustment The side wall of the knob 31 causes the mating round rod 206 to move in the horizontal direction. At this time, the electromagnetic coupling 207 disengages from the end of the rotating rod 33, and the elastic clip 212 elastically deforms and slides relative to the limit ring 213. Then the elastic clip 212 is clamped on the sleeve 211, pushing the end of the rack 209 to elastically deform and disengage from the contact with the push rod 210. At the same time, the push rod 210 elastically resets. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 cannot rotate the rotating rod 33.

[0040] A specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lens barrel (1), a focus seat (2), a focus assembly (3), a locking plate (4) and a locking screw (5); the lens barrel (1) is slidably mounted on the focus seat (2); a rotating rod (33) is mounted inside the focus seat (2); a driving gear (34) is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (33); a driving rack (101) is fixedly mounted on the lens barrel (1); the driving gear (34) and the driving rack (101) are meshed with each other inside the focus seat (2); a matching round rod (206) is slidably mounted on the focus seat (2); the focus assembly (3) is mounted on the matching round rod (206); the matching round rod (206) is fixedly mounted on the focusing seat (2); ) end is provided with an electromagnetic coupling (207), the end of the electromagnetic coupling (207) is slidably matched with the end of the rotating rod (33), the locking screw (5) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the focusing seat (2), the locking plate (4) is slidably mounted on the focusing seat (2), and is slidably matched with the driving rack (101), the locking screw (5) is located on one side of the locking plate (4), and a pressure sensor (41) is installed on the locking plate (4), the pressure sensor (41) and the electromagnetic coupling (207) are connected through electrical control, and when the locking screw (5) is rotated, the pressure sensor (41) controls the power on and off of the electromagnetic coupling (207).

2. The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing assembly (3) comprises a coarse adjustment knob (31) and a fine adjustment knob (32), the coarse adjustment knob (31) and the fine adjustment knob (32) being mounted on a matching round rod (206), one end of the matching round rod (206) being fixedly mounted with a thrust spring (208), the fine adjustment knob (32) being connected to the coarse adjustment knob (31) via a speed reduction mechanism, a one-way gear (51) being mounted on the locking screw (5) for unidirectional rotation, an unlocking gear (35) being mounted on the coarse adjustment knob (31), an unlocking rack (201) being slidably mounted on the focusing seat (2), one end of the unlocking rack (201) being meshed with the one-way gear (51), and the other end being meshed with the unlocking gear (35).

3. The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The unlocking rack (201) comprises an upper rack (202) and a lower rack (203), both of which are elastically slidably mounted on the focusing seat (2), and both of which are meshed with the unlocking gear (35). A switching knob (204) is rotatably mounted on one side of the focusing seat (2), and a toggle rod (205) is fixedly mounted on the switching knob (204), with an end of the toggle rod (205) being located between the upper rack (202) and the lower rack (203). When the switching knob (204) is rotated to a set angle, the toggle rod (205) is fixed at the current position.

4. The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pushing gear (52) is fixedly mounted on the locking screw (5), and the pushing gear (52) is located at the bottom of the focusing seat (2). A pushing rack (209) is slidably mounted on the focusing seat (2), and the pushing rack (209) is meshed with the pushing gear (52). A pushing rod (210) is elastically rotatably mounted on the focusing seat (2), and the end of the pushing rod (210) is located on one side of the coarse adjustment knob (31). One end of the pushing rack (209) is made of elastic metal material. A sleeve (211) is fixedly mounted on the focusing seat (2), and the matching round rod (206) is slidably matched with the sleeve (211). The end of the matching round rod (206) is provided with an elastic buckle (212). The elastic buckle ( The end of the adjusting knob (32) is provided with a rounded corner, a limiting ring (213) is provided on the sleeve (211), the elastic buckle (212) is slidably matched with the limiting ring (213), a rectangular opening (214) is symmetrically provided on the limiting ring (213), two clamping plates (321) are symmetrically provided on the fine adjustment knob (32), an annular clamping groove (311) is provided on the coarse adjustment knob (31), the end of the clamping plate (321) is slidably matched with the annular clamping groove (311), a clamping protrusion (312) is provided in the annular clamping groove (311) and at the end of the clamping plate (321), an abutting ring (215) is fixedly installed on the focusing seat (2), and the abutting ring (215) is coaxially installed with the sleeve (211).

5. The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of arc-shaped baffles (6) are arranged in the rectangular opening (214), the arc-shaped baffles (6) are made of rubber material, and the elastic buckle (212) and the arc-shaped baffles (6) can slide relative to each other.

6. The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A magnetic slider (322) is slidably mounted inside the clamping plate (321), and the magnetic slider (322) is slidably engaged with the annular clamping groove (311). When the electromagnetic coupling (207) is powered on or off, the magnetic slider (322) is controlled to move vertically, and the cross-section of the clamping protrusion (312) is set to be triangular.

7. The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping plate (321) is elastically limited and slidably mounted on the fine adjustment knob (32), and the end of the clamping plate (321) is 0.5-1 cm away from the side wall of the limiting ring (213).

8. The high-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A signal light (7) is provided on the locking plate (4), and the signal light (7) is electrically connected to a pressure sensor (41).

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