High-precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a high-precision astronomical telescope focusing device based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment, which comprises a lens barrel, a focusing seat, a focusing assembly, a locking plate and locking screws, the lens barrel is limitingly and slidingly installed on the focusing seat, a matched round rod is slidingly installed on the focusing seat, the focusing assembly is installed on the matched round rod, an electromagnetic coupling is arranged at the end of the matched round rod, the locking screws are rotationally installed at the bottom of the focusing seat, the locking plate is slidingly installed on the focusing seat, a pressure sensor is installed on the locking plate, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the electromagnetic coupling. The pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure at the sticking position of the locking plate and the lens barrel in real time before focusing, the focusing knob can be rotated to focus only after the locking plate is unlocked, and the gear is prevented from being abraded due to the rotation of the focusing knob when the locking plate is not unlocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology, specifically to a high-precision astronomical telescope focusing device based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] Astronomical telescopes are the primary tools for observing celestial bodies and capturing celestial information. They generally consist of four parts: the objective lens, the telescope tube, the focusing mechanism, and the eyepiece. The objective lens is the core component that collects light and forms the initial image; it typically uses a lens or a mirror. The telescope tube, consisting of a base and a rotatable support, is used to fix the optical path and protect the internal structure, supporting the mounting of the objective lens and eyepiece. The eyepiece magnifies the light focused by the objective lens for observation. Multi-axis adjustment is generally required when using an astronomical telescope. This multi-dimensional adjustment balances the vertical and horizontal movement of the telescope tube, allowing it to remain level despite varying terrain conditions and preventing damage from uneven surfaces. Misalignment of the support or bearings can cause blurred images. To ensure that the field of view of the telescope tube and the finder scope are consistent and to simplify the observation process, when observing celestial objects, a focusing device is needed to adjust the relative position of the objective lens and the eyepiece so that the objective lens can accurately focus on the target to match the optical characteristics of the observed target and ensure clear images. After the focusing device has completed focusing, a locking screw is usually used to tighten the telescope tube to fix the focusing device and the telescope tube relative to each other. However, the contact area between the screw and the telescope tube is small and the pressure applied is small, which may cause the focusing tube to shift or tilt in the direction of the screw pressure, resulting in loose focusing mount and tilting with respect to the optical axis, affecting the imaging accuracy.

[0003] To prevent the focusing tube from shifting or tilting in the direction of screw pressure when using locking screws to fix the telescope tube, utility model patent application number CN202123320020.1 provides a locking structure for a telescope focusing mount. This utility model provides a locking assembly on the focusing mount, which includes a focusing mount body and a focusing tube. The locking assembly includes a housing, two limiting rods, a locking bolt, and a fastening plate. When using the telescope, the user needs to adjust the focal length of the focusing mount body and the focusing tube. After the focal length is adjusted, rotating the locking bolt causes it to move downwards, retracting the fastening plate within the housing. The fastening plate moves downwards and presses down on the focusing cylinder, thereby locking the focusing cylinder to the focusing base body. The setting of the limit rod prevents the fastening plate from shifting when it moves downwards, which would affect the locking effect of the fastening plate. This solves the problem that the existing focusing base uses a single bolt for locking, which is unstable and affects the accuracy of the focusing base. However, the gear teeth of the gear rack inside the focusing device are small and can only withstand a small amount of torque. Traditional locking methods cannot monitor the locking status in real time, and manual operation makes it difficult to ensure the uniformity of the locking force. If the fastening plate is not unlocked or not fully unlocked during focusing, it can easily lead to wear or even breakage of the gears inside the focusing device.

[0004] Therefore, to avoid wear of the internal gears of the focusing telescope due to forgetting to unlock the fastening plate or incomplete unlocking of the fastening plate when using the focusing telescope, a high-precision astronomical telescope focusing telescope based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision astronomical telescope focusing device based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment. To avoid the inability to monitor the locking status in real time when focusing, which could lead to gear wear or even breakage when focusing with the locking plate not unlocked or not fully unlocked, a pressure sensor is installed on the locking plate to monitor the locking pressure. Before focusing, the focusing knob is rotated to unlock the locking plate first. Focusing can only be performed after the locking plate is unlocked and the focusing knob is rotated. This avoids gear wear caused by rotating the focusing knob when the locking plate is not unlocked.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A high-precision astronomical telescope focusing device based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment includes a mirror tube, a focusing base, a focusing assembly, a locking plate, and a locking screw. The mirror tube is slidably mounted on the focusing base. A rotating rod is installed inside the focusing base, and a drive gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod. A drive rack is fixedly mounted on the mirror tube. The drive gear and the drive rack mesh inside the focusing base. A mating rod is slidably mounted on the focusing base. The focusing assembly is mounted on the mating rod. An electromagnetic coupling is provided at the end of the mating rod. The end of the electromagnetic coupling is slidably engaged with the end of the rotating rod. The locking screw is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the focusing base. The locking plate is slidably mounted on the focusing base and is slidably engaged with the drive rack. The locking screw is located on one side of the locking plate. A pressure sensor is mounted on the locking plate. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coupling. When the locking screw is rotated, the pressure sensor controls the energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic coupling.

[0008] By sliding the lens barrel onto the focusing mount, with the drive gear located in the middle of the rotating rod, the focusing assembly controls the rotation of the rotating rod for focusing. When the electromagnetic coupling is not energized, the focusing assembly cannot rotate the rotating rod; at this time, the end of the electromagnetic coupling slides against the end of the rotating rod. When the electromagnetic coupling is energized, the end of the electromagnetic coupling and the end of the rotating rod are fixedly connected by magnetic force. At this time, the focusing assembly can drive the rotating rod to rotate for focusing. When the locking screw is tightened on the focusing mount and presses against the locking plate, fixing the lens barrel in contact with it, the electromagnetic coupling is in a de-energized state. When focusing is required and the locking plate is unlocked, the pressure of the locking plate on the lens barrel contact point is monitored in real time. When the pressure of the locking plate on the lens barrel disappears and the locking plate is fully unlocked, the pressure sensor energizes the electromagnetic coupling through electrical transmission. At this time, the focusing assembly can be used for focusing, avoiding gear wear or even tooth breakage inside the focusing mechanism when focusing is performed with the locking plate not unlocked.

[0009] Preferably, the focusing assembly includes a coarse adjustment knob and a fine adjustment knob, both of which are mounted on a mating rod. A thrust spring is fixedly mounted on one end of the mating rod. The fine adjustment knob is connected to the coarse adjustment knob via a reduction mechanism. A one-way gear is rotatably mounted on the locking screw. An unlocking gear is mounted on the coarse adjustment knob. An unlocking rack is slidably mounted on the focusing base. One end of the unlocking rack meshes with the one-way gear, and the other end meshes with the unlocking gear.

[0010] By setting coarse and fine adjustment knobs on the mating rod, and connecting them via a gear reduction mechanism, different speed ratios can be used for rapid and precise focusing. A thrust spring provides thrust for the horizontal movement of the mating rod. A ratchet drive structure is provided at the connection between the locking screw and the one-way gear. The one-way gear can only drive the locking screw to rotate in one direction. When the electromagnetic coupling is not energized, turning the coarse adjustment knob will not drive the rotating rod to rotate. At this time, turning either the coarse or fine adjustment knob will drive the unlocking gear to rotate. The unlocking gear drives one end of the unlocking rack to move in one direction, and the other end of the unlocking rack causes the one-way gear to rotate in one direction. The rotation of the one-way gear causes the locking screw to rotate, loosening the locking screw's tight contact with the locking plate, allowing the focusing mount to adjust the lens barrel movement. When the pressure sensor detects that the locking plate is fully unlocked... The pressure sensor energizes the electromagnetic coupling, which is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod. Rotating the coarse or fine adjustment knob causes the mating rod to rotate, which in turn drives the drive gear to move the drive rack for focusing. Once the objective lens accurately focuses on the target, matching its optical characteristics and ensuring a clear image, the locking screw is then turned to tighten the locking plate, fixing the lens barrel to the focusing mount. Because the locking screw and the one-way gear are connected in one direction, the one-way gear does not rotate when the locking screw is tightened. Before focusing, rotating the coarse or fine adjustment knob unlocks the locking plate, allowing even those unfamiliar with the procedure to fully unlock it before focusing, further preventing wear on the gears inside the focusing mechanism due to the locking plate not being unlocked.

[0011] Preferably, the unlocking rack includes an upper rack and a lower rack, both of which are elastically slidably mounted on the focusing base. Both the upper rack and the lower rack can mesh with the unlocking gear. A switching knob is rotatably mounted on one side of the focusing base, and a lever is fixedly mounted on the switching knob. The end of the lever is located between the upper rack and the lower rack. When the switching knob is rotated to a set angle, the lever will be fixed in the current position.

[0012] By setting the unlocking racks as upper rack one and lower rack two, located at the upper and lower ends of the unlocking gear respectively, when the switching knob is turned clockwise, the lever rotates with the switching knob and is locked in its current position by the side wall of the focusing seat. The lever lifts upper rack one, disengaging it from the unlocking gear. At this time, the rotation of the unlocking gear only moves lower rack two. When the switching knob is turned counterclockwise, the lever presses lower rack two downward, disengaging it from the unlocking gear. At this time, the rotation of the unlocking gear only moves lower rack two. Before using the coarse or fine adjustment knob for focusing, regardless of whether the rotation is forward or reverse, the unidirectional gear can be rotated to unlock the locking plate, avoiding structural interference and improving the versatility of the equipment.

[0013] Preferably, a push gear is fixedly mounted on the locking screw, the push gear is located at the bottom of the focusing seat, a push rack is slidably mounted on the focusing seat, the push rack meshes with the push gear, a push rod is elastically rotatably mounted on the focusing seat, the end of the push rod is located on one side of the coarse adjustment knob, one end of the push rack is made of elastic metal material, a sleeve is fixedly mounted on the focusing seat, the mating round rod is slidably engaged with the sleeve, a thrust spring is fixedly mounted on one end of the mating round rod, and the mating round rod... The rod end is provided with an elastic buckle, the end of which has a rounded corner. The sleeve is provided with a limit ring, and the elastic buckle slides in cooperation with the limit ring. The limit ring has symmetrical rectangular openings. The fine adjustment knob is provided with two symmetrically arranged locking plates. The coarse adjustment knob has an annular locking groove, and the end of the locking plate slides in cooperation with the annular locking groove. Both the annular locking groove and the end of the locking plate are provided with locking protrusions. The focusing seat is fixedly installed with an abutment ring, which is coaxially installed with the sleeve.

[0014] A push gear is fixedly installed on the locking screw. After the coarse or fine adjustment knob is turned to complete the focusing work, the locking screw needs to be turned again to tighten the locking plate and secure the lens barrel. When the locking screw is turned, the push rack rotates with the locking screw, and the push gear drives the push rack to move horizontally. The end of the push rack will abut against the side wall of the push rod, causing the push rod to rotate. When the push rod rotates, the end of the push rod abuts against the side wall of the coarse adjustment knob, causing the mating rod to move horizontally. At this time, the electromagnetic coupling disengages from the end of the rotating rod, and the elastic buckle will undergo elastic deformation and slide relative to the limit ring. The rounded corners can reduce the friction between the elastic buckle and the limit ring. Subsequently, the elastic buckle will engage with the sleeve, and the end of the push rack will undergo elastic deformation to disengage from the push rod. At the same time, the push rod elastically returns to its original position. At this time, the coarse adjustment knob can be turned... If the knob or fine adjustment knob cannot rotate the rotating rod, the locking screw will lock the lens barrel. When the coarse adjustment knob or fine adjustment knob is rotated to unlock, the elastic clip will rotate to the rectangular opening position and will no longer engage with the sleeve. The electromagnetic coupling will be fixedly engaged with the end of the rotating rod by magnetic force. At this time, the coarse adjustment knob or fine adjustment knob can be rotated to adjust the focus. While tightening the locking screw, the mating rod will disengage from the rotating rod and reset, eliminating the need for manual reset and improving the ease of operation. When the fine adjustment knob is rotated to drive the unlocking gear and move the unlocking rack, the fine adjustment knob can directly drive the coarse adjustment knob to rotate due to the engagement of the locking plate and the annular groove. This avoids transmission through the reduction mechanism, preventing excessive torque on the gears inside the reduction mechanism and thus ensuring the service life of the gear reduction mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the rectangular opening is provided with multiple arc-shaped baffles, the arc-shaped baffles are made of rubber material, and the elastic buckle can slide relative to the arc-shaped baffles.

[0016] By setting an arc-shaped baffle inside the rectangular opening, when the thrust spring pushes the elastic buckle to disengage from the sleeve through the rectangular opening, the end of the elastic buckle slides relative to the arc-shaped baffle. The rubber material can increase the friction between the arc-shaped baffle and the elastic buckle, reduce the engagement speed between the electromagnetic coupling and the end of the rotating rod when the electromagnetic coupling is energized, and prevent the gears inside the reduction mechanism on the fine adjustment knob from vibrating due to excessive speed of the engagement rod, thus ensuring the normal service life of the reduction mechanism on the fine adjustment knob.

[0017] Preferably, a magnetic slider is slidably installed inside the snap-fit ​​plate. The magnetic slider slides in conjunction with the annular slot. When the electromagnetic coupling is energized and de-energized, it controls the magnetic slider to move vertically. The cross-section of the snap-fit ​​protrusion is set as a triangle.

[0018] By sliding a magnetic slider inside the snap-fit ​​plate, when the snap-fit ​​plate is inserted into the annular slot, the snap-fit ​​protrusions on the snap-fit ​​plate abut against the snap-fit ​​protrusions in the slot, preventing relative rotation between the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob. The electromagnetic coupling is energized by the pressure sensor, and the magnetic slider slides out from inside the snap-fit ​​plate under the influence of magnetic force. The magnetic slider engages with the annular slot. At this time, the snap-fit ​​plate restricts the relative rotation and sliding between the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob, further preventing wear of the gears inside the reduction mechanism due to torque.

[0019] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​plate is elastically and slidably mounted on the fine-tuning knob, and the end of the snap-fit ​​plate is 3-5mm away from the side wall of the limiting ring.

[0020] By elastically limiting and sliding the snap-fit ​​plate onto the fine-tuning knob, when the mating rod moves toward the limiting ring, the limiting ring abuts against the snap-fit ​​plate, causing the snap-fit ​​plate to engage with the annular slot. Afterward, the snap-fit ​​plate will spring back and move, always maintaining a 1cm distance from the limiting ring, thus preventing friction between the snap-fit ​​plate and the limiting ring when the fine-tuning knob is rotated, which could cause the fine-tuning knob to vibrate and affect the gear connection inside the reduction mechanism.

[0021] Preferably, the locking plate is provided with an indicator light, which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

[0022] By installing indicator lights on the locking plate, the pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the locking plate on the lens barrel and transmits the information through the indicator lights, making it easier for staff to observe and make timely operational adjustments.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. By setting a pressure sensor on the locking plate to monitor the pressure between the locking plate and the lens barrel in real time, the pressure sensor will energize the electromagnetic coupling through electrical transmission after the locking plate is fully unlocked. At this time, the focusing assembly can be used for focusing, avoiding the wear or even breakage of the gears inside the focusing mechanism when focusing is not unlocked.

[0025] 2. The locking plate can be unlocked by turning the coarse adjustment knob or the fine adjustment knob before focusing. This allows even staff who are not familiar with the operation process to fully unlock the locking plate before focusing, further preventing wear of the gears inside the focusing device caused by the locking plate not being unlocked.

[0026] 3. By setting a push rod on one side of the coarse adjustment knob, the mating round rod and the rotating rod are disengaged and reset at the same time the locking screw is tightened, eliminating the need for manual reset by the operator and improving the convenience of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the drive gear and the drive rack of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic slider and the annular slot of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the electromagnetic coupling and the end of the rotating rod of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the switching knob rotation of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the locking of the locking plate according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rack-driven push rod of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking plate structure of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Lens barrel; 101. Drive rack; 2. Focusing mount; 201. Unlock rack; 202. Upper rack one; 203. Lower rack two; 204. Switch knob; 205. Actuating lever; 206. Matching rod; 207. Electromagnetic coupling; 208. Thrust spring; 209. Push rack; 210. Push rod; 211. Sleeve; 212. Elastic buckle; 213. Limiting ring; 214. Rectangular 1. Through-hole; 2.15. Abutment ring; 3. Focusing assembly; 31. Coarse adjustment knob; 311. Annular slot; 312. Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 32. Fine adjustment knob; 321. Snap-fit ​​plate; 322. Magnetic slider; 33. Rotating rod; 34. Drive gear; 35. Unlocking gear; 4. Locking plate; 41. Pressure sensor; 5. Locking screw; 51. One-way gear; 52. Push gear; 6. Arc-shaped baffle; 7. Indicator light. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a high-precision astronomical telescope focusing device based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0037] A high-precision astronomical telescope focusing device based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment includes a telescope tube 1, a focusing base 2, a focusing assembly 3, a locking plate 4, and a locking screw 5. The telescope tube 1 is slidably mounted on the focusing base 2. A rotating rod 33 is installed inside the focusing base 2, and a drive gear 34 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 33. A drive rack 101 is fixedly mounted on the telescope tube 1. The drive gear 34 and the drive rack 101 mesh with each other inside the focusing base 2. A mating rod 206 is slidably mounted on the focusing base 2. The focusing assembly 3 is mounted on the mating rod 206. An electromagnetic coupling 207 is provided at the end of the mating rod 206. The end of the 7th shaft slides into the end of the rotating rod 33. The electromagnetic coupling 207 has a similar structure to the permanent magnet coupling. The permanent magnet coupling has a permanent magnet installed inside, while the electromagnetic coupling 207 has an electromagnet installed inside. The locking screw 5 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the focusing seat 2. The locking plate 4 is slidably mounted on the focusing seat 2 and slides into the drive rack 101. The locking screw 5 is located on one side of the locking plate 4. A pressure sensor 41 is mounted on the locking plate 4. The pressure sensor 41 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coupling 207. When the locking screw 5 is rotated, the pressure sensor 41 controls the energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic coupling 207. The drive gear 34 is positioned... At the middle of the rotating rod 33, the focusing assembly 3 can control the rotation of the rotating rod 33 for focusing. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is not energized, the focusing assembly 3 cannot make the rotating rod 33 rotate. At this time, the end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 slides against the end of the rotating rod 33. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is energized, the end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 and the end of the rotating rod 33 can be fixedly connected by magnetic force. At this time, the focusing assembly 3 can drive the rotating rod 33 to rotate for focusing. When the locking screw 5 is tightened on the focusing seat 2 and presses against the locking plate 4, so that the locking plate 4 is in contact with the lens barrel 1 to fix the lens barrel 1, the electromagnetic coupling 207 is in the de-energized state. When it is necessary to adjust the focus, the electromagnetic coupling 207 is de-energized. When the locking plate 4 is unlocked during focusing, the pressure sensor 41 will monitor the pressure of the locking plate 4 on the lens barrel 1 in real time. When the pressure of the locking plate 4 on the lens barrel 1 disappears and the locking plate 4 is fully unlocked, the pressure sensor 41 will energize the electromagnetic coupling 207 through electrical transmission. At this time, the focusing assembly 3 can be used for focusing. The locking plate 4 is equipped with an indicator light 7. The information of the pressure sensor 41 can be transmitted through the indicator light 7. The pressure sensor 41, the focusing assembly 3 and the indicator light 7 constitute an intelligent sensing system to avoid the wear or even breakage of the gears inside the focusing mechanism when focusing is performed when the locking plate 4 is not unlocked.The focusing assembly 3 includes a coarse adjustment knob 31 and a fine adjustment knob 32. Both the coarse adjustment knob 31 and the fine adjustment knob 32 are mounted on a mating rod 206. A thrust spring 208 is fixedly mounted on one end of the mating rod 206. The fine adjustment knob 32 is connected to the coarse adjustment knob 31 through a reduction mechanism. A one-way gear 51 is rotatably mounted on the locking screw 5. An unlocking gear 35 is mounted on the coarse adjustment knob 31. An unlocking rack 201 is slidably mounted on the focusing base 2. One end of the unlocking rack 201 meshes with the one-way gear 51, and the other end meshes with the unlocking gear 35. The fine adjustment knob 32 and the coarse adjustment knob 31 are connected by a gear. The reduction mechanism works in conjunction with the gearbox to achieve rapid and precise focusing at different speed ratios. The thrust spring 208 provides thrust for the horizontal movement of the cooperating rod 206. A ratchet transmission structure is provided at the connection between the locking screw 5 and the one-way gear 51. The one-way gear 51 can only drive the locking screw 5 to rotate in one direction. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is not energized, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 will not drive the rotating rod 33 to rotate. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 will drive the unlocking gear 35 to rotate. The unlocking gear 35 drives one end of the unlocking rack 201 to move in one direction, and the other end of the unlocking rack 201 moves the one-way gear... Wheel 51 rotates in one direction, causing the locking screw 5 to rotate. The locking screw 5 loosens its fastening contact with the locking plate 4, allowing the focusing mount 2 to adjust the movement of the lens barrel 1. When the pressure sensor 41 detects that the locking plate 4 is fully unlocked, the pressure sensor 41 energizes the electromagnetic coupling 207. The end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 33. At this time, rotating the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 causes the mating rod 206 to drive the rotating rod 33 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 33 drives the drive gear 34 to rotate, causing the drive rack 101 to move and perform focusing on the lens barrel 1. Once the objective lens is accurately focused on the target, matching the optical characteristics of the observed target and ensuring a clear image, the locking screw 5 is rotated to tighten the locking plate 4, fixing the lens barrel 1 onto the focusing mount 2. Because the locking screw 5 and the one-way gear 51 are connected in one direction, the one-way gear 51 does not rotate when the locking screw 5 is tightened. Before focusing, rotating the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 will unlock the locking plate 4. This allows even those unfamiliar with the operating procedures to fully unlock the locking plate 4 before focusing, further preventing wear on the gears inside the focusing mechanism due to the locking plate 4 not being unlocked.

[0038] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 2 to 8The unlocking rack 201 includes an upper rack 1 202 and a lower rack 2 203. Both the upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 2 203 are elastically slidably mounted on the focusing base 2. Both the upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 2 203 can mesh with the unlocking gear 35. A switching knob 204 is rotatably mounted on one side of the focusing base 2. A lever 205 is fixedly mounted on the switching knob 204. The end of the lever 205 is located between the upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 2 203. When the switching knob 204 is rotated to a set angle, the lever 205 will be fixed in the current position. The upper rack 1 202 and the lower rack 2 203 are located at the upper and lower ends of the unlocking gear 35, respectively. When the switching knob 204 is rotated clockwise, the lever 205 rotates with the switching knob 204 and is controlled by the focusing base 2. With the side wall locked in its current position, the lever 205 lifts the upper rack 202, disengaging it from the unlocking gear 35. At this point, the unlocking gear 35 rotates, only moving the lower rack 203. When the switching knob 204 rotates counter-clockwise, the lever 205 presses the lower rack 203 downwards, disengaging it from the unlocking gear 35. Again, the unlocking gear 35 rotates, only moving the lower rack 203. Before using the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 for focusing, regardless of whether the rotation is forward or reverse, adjusting the switching knob 204 will allow the unidirectional gear 51 to rotate and unlock the locking plate 4, avoiding structural interference and improving the equipment's versatility. A push gear 52 is fixedly installed on the locking screw 5, located at the adjustment... At the bottom of the focus base 2, a push rack 209 is slidably mounted on the focusing base 2, and the push rack 209 meshes with the push gear 52. A push rod 210 is elastically rotatably mounted on the focusing base 2, with the end of the push rod 210 located on one side of the coarse adjustment knob 31. One end of the push rack 209 is made of elastic metal material. A sleeve 211 is fixedly mounted on the focusing base 2, and a mating round rod 206 slides in contact with the sleeve 211. A thrust spring 208 is fixedly mounted on one end of the mating round rod 206, and an elastic buckle 212 is provided at the end of the mating round rod 206. The end of the elastic buckle 212 has a rounded corner. A limit ring 213 is provided on the sleeve 211, and the elastic buckle 212 slides in contact with the limit ring 213. Rectangular openings 214 are symmetrically provided on the limit ring 213. Two locking plates 321 are symmetrically arranged on the fine adjustment knob 32. An annular groove 311 is provided on the coarse adjustment knob 31. The end of the locking plate 321 slides into the annular groove 311. Locking protrusions 312 are provided in both the annular groove 311 and the end of the locking plate 321. An abutment ring 215 is fixedly installed on the focusing base 2. The abutment ring 215 is coaxially installed with the sleeve 211. After the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 is turned to complete the focusing work, the locking screw needs to be turned again to make the locking plate 4 secure the lens barrel 1. When the locking screw 5 is turned, the rack 209 is pushed to rotate with the locking screw 5. The pushing gear 52 drives the pushing rack 209 to move horizontally. The end of the pushing rack 209 abuts against the side wall of the pushing rod 210, causing the pushing rod 210 to rotate.When the push rod 210 rotates, its end abuts against the side wall of the coarse adjustment knob 31, causing the mating round rod 206 to move horizontally. Meanwhile, the elastic buckle 212 undergoes elastic deformation and slides relative to the limiting ring 213. The rounded corners reduce the friction between the elastic buckle 212 and the limiting ring 213. Subsequently, the elastic buckle 212 engages with the sleeve 211, causing the end of the push rack 209 to elastically deform and disengage from the push rod 210. Simultaneously, the push rod 210 elastically resets. At this point, rotating the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 will not rotate the rotating rod 33. The locking screw 5 locks the lens barrel 1. When the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 is rotated to unlock, the elastic buckle 212 will rotate to the rectangular opening. At position 214, the elastic buckle 212 is no longer engaged with the sleeve 211. The electromagnetic coupling 207 is magnetically fixed to the end of the rotating rod 33. At this time, the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 can be rotated for focusing. While tightening the locking screw 5, the mating round rod 206 is disengaged from the rotating rod 33 and reset, eliminating the need for manual reset and improving the ease of operation. When rotating the fine adjustment knob 32 drives the unlocking gear 35 to move the unlocking rack 201, the fine adjustment knob 32 can directly drive the coarse adjustment knob 31 to rotate due to the engagement of the snap plate 321 and the annular slot 311, without the need for transmission through the reduction mechanism. This avoids excessive torque on the gears inside the reduction mechanism, preventing wear and further ensuring the service life of the gear reduction mechanism. Multiple arc-shaped baffles 6 are provided inside the opening 214. The arc-shaped baffles 6 are made of rubber material. The elastic buckle 212 can slide relative to the arc-shaped baffles 6. When the thrust spring 208 pushes the elastic buckle 212 to disengage from the sleeve 211 through the rectangular opening 214, the end of the elastic buckle 212 slides relative to the arc-shaped baffles 6. The rubber material can increase the friction between the arc-shaped baffles 6 and the elastic buckle 212, reduce the engagement speed between the electromagnetic coupling 207 and the end of the rotating rod 33 when the electromagnetic coupling 207 is energized, and prevent the thrust spring 208 from pushing the mating rod 206 too fast, which would cause vibration of the internal gears of the reduction mechanism on the fine adjustment knob 32, thus ensuring the normal service life of the reduction mechanism on the fine adjustment knob 32; the sliding device inside the snap plate 321 The device is equipped with a magnetic slider 322, which slides into the annular groove 311. When the electromagnetic coupling 207 is energized and de-energized, it controls the vertical movement of the magnetic slider 322. The cross-section of the locking protrusion 312 is triangular. When the locking plate 321 is inserted into the annular groove 311, the locking protrusion 312 on the locking plate 321 abuts against the locking protrusion 312 in the groove, preventing relative rotation between the coarse adjustment knob 31 and the fine adjustment knob 32. The electromagnetic coupling 207 is energized by the pressure sensor 41, and the magnetic slider 322 slides out from inside the locking plate 321 due to magnetic force. The magnetic slider 322 then engages with the annular groove 311. At this time, the locking plate 321 restricts the relative rotation and sliding between the coarse adjustment knob 31 and the fine adjustment knob 32.To further prevent wear on the gears inside the reduction mechanism due to torque, the locking plate 321 is elastically and slidably mounted on the fine-tuning knob 32. The end of the locking plate 321 is 3-5mm away from the side wall of the limiting ring 213. When the mating rod 206 moves towards the limiting ring 213, the limiting ring 213 abuts against the locking plate 321, causing the locking plate 321 to engage with the annular groove 311. Afterward, the locking plate 321 will spring back, always maintaining a 5mm distance from the limiting ring 213, to prevent friction between the locking plate 321 and the limiting ring 213 when the fine-tuning knob 32 is rotated, which would cause the fine-tuning knob 32 to vibrate and affect the gear connection inside the reduction mechanism. An indicator light 7 is provided on the locking plate 4. The indicator light 7 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 41. The pressure sensor 41 monitors the pressure of the locking plate 4 on the lens barrel 1 and transmits the information through the indicator light 7, facilitating observation and timely operational adjustments by the operator.

[0039] Working principle: Before focusing, first rotate the switching knob 204 to engage the upper rack 202 or the lower rack 203 with the unlocking gear 35. Then, rotating the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 will rotate the unlocking gear 35. The unlocking gear 35 causes one end of the unlocking rack 201 to move unidirectionally, and the other end of the unlocking rack 201 causes the one-way gear 51 to rotate unidirectionally. The rotation of the one-way gear 51 causes the locking screw 5 to rotate, loosening the fastening contact between the locking screw 5 and the locking plate 4, thus... The focusing mount 2 can adjust the movement of the lens barrel 1. The pressure sensor 41 monitors the pressure at the contact point between the locking plate 4 and the lens barrel 1 in real time. When the locking plate 4 is fully unlocked, the pressure sensor 41 energizes the electromagnetic coupling 207. When the elastic buckle 212 disengages from the sleeve 211 through the rectangular opening 214, it slides relative to the arc-shaped baffle 6. The end of the electromagnetic coupling 207 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 33 by magnetic force. At this time, rotating the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 will cause the mating round rod 206 to drive the rotating rod 33. Rotating the lever 33 causes the drive gear 34 to rotate, which in turn moves the drive rack 101 to focus the lens barrel 1. After focusing, rotating the locking screw 5 fixes the lens barrel 1 with the locking plate 4. When rotating the locking screw 5, the rack 209 is pushed to rotate with the locking screw 5. The drive gear 52 drives the rack 209 to move horizontally. The end of the rack 209 abuts against the side wall of the push rod 210, causing the push rod 210 to rotate. When the push rod 210 rotates, the end of the push rod 210 abuts against the coarse adjustment... The knob 31 causes the mating rod 206 to move horizontally. At this time, the electromagnetic coupling 207 disengages from the end of the rotating rod 33, and the elastic buckle 212 undergoes elastic deformation and slides relative to the limiting ring 213. Subsequently, the elastic buckle 212 engages with the sleeve 211, and the end of the push rack 209 undergoes elastic deformation to disengage from the push rod 210. At the same time, the push rod 210 elastically resets. At this time, turning the coarse adjustment knob 31 or the fine adjustment knob 32 will not make the rotating rod 33 rotate.

[0040] The specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment, characterized in that, The utility model provides a zoom lens, including lens barrel, focusing seat, focusing assembly, locking plate and locking screw, lens barrel limit slip fit is installed on focusing seat, installs the rotary bar in focusing seat, and rotary bar fixedly installs drive gear, and drive rack is fixedly installed on lens barrel, and drive gear and drive rack are engaged with each other in focusing seat, and the cooperation round bar is installed on focusing seat and slides, and focusing assembly is installed on the cooperation round bar, and the electromagnetic coupling is set up in cooperation round bar end, and the electromagnetic coupling end and rotary bar end slip fit, and locking screw is rotatably installed in focusing seat bottom, and locking plate is installed on focusing seat and slides, and with drive rack slip fit, and locking screw is located locking plate one side, and locking plate is installed pressure sensor, and pressure sensor and electromagnetic coupling pass through electric control and are connected, and when rotating locking screw, pressure sensor controls electromagnetic coupling power on and power off, Focusing assembly includes coarse knob and fine knob, and coarse knob and fine knob are installed on cooperation round bar, and one end of cooperation round bar is fixedly installed with thrust spring, and fine knob is connected with coarse knob through speed reducer, and one-way gear is rotatably installed on locking screw, and unlocking gear is installed on coarse knob, and unlocking rack is installed on focusing seat and slides, and one end of unlocking rack is engaged with one-way gear, and the other end is engaged with unlocking gear, Unlocking rack includes upper rack one and lower rack two, and upper rack one and lower rack two are elastically and slidably installed on focusing seat, and upper rack one and lower rack two can be engaged with unlocking gear, and switching knob is rotatably installed on one side of focusing seat, and the knob is fixedly installed with knob lever, and knob lever end is located between upper rack one and lower rack two, and when switching knob rotates to the set angle, knob lever will be fixed in the current position, Locking screw is fixedly installed with driving gear, and driving gear is located focusing seat bottom, and driving rack is installed on focusing seat and slides, and driving rack is engaged with driving gear, and driving rod is elastically rotatably installed on focusing seat, and driving rod end is located coarse knob side, and one end of driving rack is made of elastic metal material, and sleeve is fixedly installed on focusing seat, and cooperation round bar and sleeve slide, and end of cooperation round bar is provided with elastic buckle, and the end of elastic buckle is provided with rounded corner, and the sleeve is provided with limiting ring, and elastic buckle and limiting ring slide, and limiting ring is symmetrically provided with rectangular opening, and fine knob is symmetrically provided with two clamping plates, and coarse knob is provided with annular clamping groove, and clamping plate end and annular clamping groove slide, and annular clamping groove and clamping plate end are provided with clamping convex, and focusing seat is fixedly installed with abutting ring, and abutting ring is coaxially installed with sleeve.

2. A high precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular opening is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped flaps, which are made of rubber material, and the elastic buckle and the arc-shaped flaps can slide relative to each other.

3. The high precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic slide is slidably installed in the clamping plate, and the magnetic slide is slidably connected with the annular clamping groove. The magnetic slide is controlled to move vertically when the electromagnetic coupling is powered on and off. The cross-section of the clamping convex is triangular.

4. A high precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping plate is elastically and limitingly slidably installed on the fine knob, and the distance between the end of the clamping plate and the side wall of the limiting ring is 0.5-1 cm.

5. The high precision astronomical telescope focuser based on multi-axis synchronous adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking plate is provided with a signal lamp, and the signal lamp is electrically connected with the pressure sensor.

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