A method and system for balancing power between groups in a photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation control technology, and specifically discloses a method and system for inter-group power balancing of a photovoltaic power generation system. The method comprises obtaining environmental parameters based on environmental monitoring points, identifying the environmental parameters, and clustering photovoltaic modules based on the identification results; for each type of photovoltaic module, obtaining the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module based on a wireless communication module, and adjusting the clustering results based on the operating parameters; selecting photovoltaic modules from the adjusted clustering results, applying an MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic module, and synchronously generating adjustment instructions for photovoltaic modules of the same type. The present invention clusters photovoltaic modules based on the environmental parameters and the operating parameters of the photovoltaic modules, analyzes only one photovoltaic module for each type of photovoltaic module, and synchronously determines control instructions for a type of photovoltaic module. This greatly reduces the cost of data acquisition and analysis while only slightly reducing the adjustment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation control, and in particular to a method and system for balancing power between groups in a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Art

[0002] In traditional photovoltaic power generation systems, photovoltaic modules are connected in series or parallel to form an array. However, due to the different environments in which each photovoltaic module is located (such as local shadows, temperature differences, etc.), the power output between modules will be unbalanced, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0003] To improve this phenomenon, there are some photovoltaic efficiency-enhancing solutions in the existing technology, such as centralized maximum power point tracking (MPPT) systems. However, this solution cannot accurately regulate the actual conditions of each component. If each photovoltaic component is tracked and adjusted individually, the cost required is too high, even far greater than the increase in electricity. Therefore, how to provide a lower-cost tracking and adjustment solution to reduce costs and indirectly improve the output ratio of the tracking process is the technical problem that the technical solution of the present invention aims to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for balancing power between groups in a photovoltaic power generation system, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for balancing power between groups in a photovoltaic power generation system, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determine the environmental monitoring points based on the distribution and terrain parameters;

[0008] Acquiring environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identifying the environmental parameters, and clustering photovoltaic modules according to the identification results;

[0009] For each type of photovoltaic module, obtaining operating parameters of the photovoltaic module based on the wireless communication module, and adjusting the clustering result according to the operating parameters;

[0010] PV modules are selected from the adjusted clustering results, and the MPPT algorithm is applied to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the PV modules, and adjustment instructions pointing to the same type of PV modules are generated simultaneously.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the step of obtaining the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determining the environmental monitoring points according to the distribution and terrain parameters includes:

[0012] Establish a connection channel with the filing database to query the installation location of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system;

[0013] Query the power generation of the photovoltaic module within the preset time period, and query the number of energy consumption points connected to the photovoltaic module;

[0014] Taking the installation location of the photovoltaic module as the center, determine the terrain collection area, calculate the union of the terrain collection areas, and obtain the remote sensing image of the union;

[0015] Recognizing the remote sensing image, determining the terrain partition outline, and obtaining the terrain sub-area;

[0016] The number of environmental monitoring points is determined in the terrain sub-area, and the environmental monitoring points are evenly set in the terrain sub-area based on the number of power generation and energy consumption points, and the number of set environmental monitoring points is the same as the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of determining the number of environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area, and evenly setting the environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area based on the number of power generation and energy consumption points, wherein the number of the environmental monitoring points is equal to the number of the environmental monitoring points, comprises:

[0018] Query the power generation of all photovoltaic modules in the terrain sub-area and the number of external energy consumption points, obtain the area of ​​the terrain sub-area, and calculate the monitoring demand score of the terrain sub-area;

[0019] Determine the number of environmental monitoring points in direct proportion to the logarithm of the monitoring needs;

[0020] Randomly select a location in the terrain sub-area as a reference monitoring point, select a selection direction for the next point based on the reference monitoring point, and determine the next monitoring point in the selected direction based on the point interval;

[0021] The environmental monitoring point selection process is performed with the next monitoring point as the new benchmark monitoring point until the number of selected locations reaches the number of environmental monitoring points;

[0022] The point interval is:

[0023] Where, Indicates the point interval, is the preset correction ratio, is the maximum distance between the points on the boundary of the terrain sub-area, Indicates the number of environmental monitoring points;

[0024] The selection process includes:

[0025] Randomly determine the selection direction, query the angle difference between the selection direction and the selected point, and re-determine the selection direction when the angle difference is less than the preset difference threshold.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of obtaining environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identifying the environmental parameters, and clustering photovoltaic modules according to the identification results include:

[0027] Install environmental monitoring equipment at environmental monitoring points to collect environmental parameters in real time; the environmental parameters are arrays, each element in the array corresponds to a parameter type, and the environmental parameters contain time tags;

[0028] Acquire environmental parameters within a preset time period based on the wireless transmission module and construct an environmental matrix;

[0029] Compare the environmental matrices of different photovoltaic modules and cluster the photovoltaic modules;

[0030] Among them, all environmental monitoring equipment have the same monitoring type and collection frequency.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the operating parameters of each type of photovoltaic module based on the wireless communication module and adjusting the clustering result according to the operating parameters includes:

[0032] For each type of photovoltaic module, the instantaneous power generation of the photovoltaic module at each moment is obtained based on the wireless communication module;

[0033] Arrange the instantaneous power generation at each moment to obtain the power generation sequence;

[0034] Performing Fourier transform on the power generation sequence to extract a preset number of frequency components;

[0035] The frequency components of each photovoltaic module in the same type are compared and the photovoltaic modules of the same type are secondary clustered.

[0036] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of selecting photovoltaic modules from the adjusted clustering results, applying the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic modules, and synchronously generating adjustment instructions directed to photovoltaic modules of the same type include:

[0037] Select any photovoltaic module from the adjusted clustering results;

[0038] Obtain the input voltage, output voltage, input current, and output current of the photovoltaic module at each moment;

[0039] Run the module with built-in MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the current photovoltaic module;

[0040] By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM waveform to control the DC / DC conversion circuit, the maximum power point voltage can be tracked in real time;

[0041] A proportional relationship is determined based on the maximum power point voltage and the peak voltage of the current photovoltaic module, and the operating parameters of other photovoltaic modules of the same type are adjusted based on the proportional relationship.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention also provides an inter-group power balancing system for a photovoltaic power generation system, the system comprising:

[0043] The monitoring point determination module is used to obtain the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determine the environmental monitoring points based on the distribution and terrain parameters;

[0044] A component clustering module, configured to obtain environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identify the environmental parameters, and cluster photovoltaic components according to the identification results;

[0045] A clustering result adjustment module, configured to obtain, for each type of photovoltaic module, operating parameters of the photovoltaic module based on the wireless communication module, and adjust the clustering result according to the operating parameters;

[0046] The intra-class component adjustment module is used to select photovoltaic components from the adjusted clustering results, apply the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic components, and simultaneously generate adjustment instructions directed to photovoltaic components of the same type.

[0047] As a further solution of the present invention: the monitoring point determination module includes:

[0048] An installation location query unit is used to establish a connection channel with the filing database to query the installation location of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system;

[0049] A component parameter query unit is used to query the power generation of the photovoltaic component within a preset time period and the number of energy consumption points connected to the photovoltaic component;

[0050] A remote sensing image acquisition unit is used to determine a terrain acquisition area with the installation location of the photovoltaic module as the center, calculate the union of the terrain acquisition areas, and acquire a remote sensing image of the union;

[0051] A partitioning unit, configured to identify the remote sensing image, determine the terrain partition outline, and obtain terrain sub-regions;

[0052] The point setting unit is used to determine the number of environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area, and evenly set the environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area based on the power generation and energy consumption points. The number of set environmental monitoring points is the same as the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0053] As a further solution of the present invention: the component clustering module includes:

[0054] An environmental parameter acquisition unit is used to install environmental monitoring equipment at an environmental monitoring point to collect environmental parameters in real time; the environmental parameters are arrays, each element in the array corresponds to a parameter type, and the environmental parameters contain time tags;

[0055] An environment matrix construction unit, configured to obtain environment parameters within a preset time period based on the wireless transmission module and construct an environment matrix;

[0056] A comparison unit is used to compare the environmental matrices of different photovoltaic modules and cluster the photovoltaic modules;

[0057] Among them, all environmental monitoring equipment have the same monitoring type and collection frequency.

[0058] As a further solution of the present invention: the clustering result adjustment module includes:

[0059] The power collection unit is used to obtain the instantaneous power generation of each type of photovoltaic module at each moment based on the wireless communication module;

[0060] A sequence generation unit is used to arrange the instantaneous power generation at each moment to obtain a power generation sequence;

[0061] a frequency component acquisition unit, configured to perform Fourier transform on the power generation sequence and extract a preset number of frequency components;

[0062] The secondary clustering unit is used to compare the frequency components of each photovoltaic module in the same type of photovoltaic modules and perform secondary clustering on the same type of photovoltaic modules.

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention clusters photovoltaic modules according to environmental parameters and the operating parameters of photovoltaic modules, analyzes only one photovoltaic module for each type of photovoltaic module, and simultaneously determines the control instructions for a type of photovoltaic modules, which greatly reduces the cost of data acquisition and analysis with only a slight decrease in the regulation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 1 The flowchart of the inter-group power balancing method of the photovoltaic power generation system is shown in FIG.

[0066] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the first sub-process of the inter-group power balancing method of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0067] Figure 3This is a block diagram of the second sub-process of the inter-group power balancing method of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the third sub-process of the inter-group power balancing method of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0069] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the fourth sub-process of the inter-group power balancing method of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0070] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the inter-group power balance system of the photovoltaic power generation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0072] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for balancing power between groups in a photovoltaic power generation system. In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for balancing power between groups in a photovoltaic power generation system includes:

[0073] Step S100: obtaining the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system, and determining environmental monitoring points based on the distribution and terrain parameters;

[0074] The photovoltaic power generation system is composed of photovoltaic modules, which is equivalent to a collection of photovoltaic modules. The position of each photovoltaic module is obtained as the distribution of the photovoltaic modules. Some environmental monitoring points are determined in combination with the distribution and terrain parameters. Temperature sensors and light sensors are installed at the environmental monitoring points to obtain environmental parameters.

[0075] Step S200: Acquire environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identify the environmental parameters, and cluster photovoltaic modules according to the identification results;

[0076] By obtaining environmental parameters based on monitoring equipment at environmental monitoring points and identifying the environmental parameters, the environmental status of different areas can be determined. The core of the technical solution of the present invention is to consider the impact of the environment on power generation. By identifying the obtained environmental parameters, the differences between different photovoltaic modules can be determined, and then the photovoltaic modules can be clustered.

[0077] Step S300: for each type of photovoltaic module, obtaining operating parameters of the photovoltaic module based on the wireless communication module, and adjusting the clustering result according to the operating parameters;

[0078] For each type of photovoltaic module, the operating parameters of the photovoltaic module are obtained through the wireless communication module built into the photovoltaic module. The operating parameters of the photovoltaic module are relatively simple, namely the input voltage / current and output voltage / current. Based on the obtained operating parameters, the photovoltaic modules can be further clustered and adjusted to make photovoltaic modules of the same type more similar.

[0079] The wireless communication module in the technical solution of this invention utilizes Wi-Sun wireless communication technology. The Wi-Sun wireless communication module is a key component for data exchange between the PV optimizer and external devices. Wi-Sun is a wireless communication standard designed specifically for smart energy and Internet of Things applications, featuring low power consumption, high reliability, long-distance transmission, and multi-node ad hoc networking. The module primarily consists of a wireless transceiver chip, an antenna, and related peripheral circuitry. The wireless transceiver chip is responsible for data modulation and demodulation, as well as the transmission and reception of wireless signals. The antenna transmits the modulated wireless signals and receives wireless signals from other devices. The Wi-Sun wireless communication module connects to the data processing and main control unit via a communication interface such as SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) or UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter). It wirelessly transmits information collected by the PV optimizer, including PV panel operating status data (such as voltage, current, power, and temperature) and MPPT control module operating parameters, to a monitoring and management platform or other Wi-Sun-enabled gateway or PV booster. It also receives control commands from external devices, such as those for adjusting MPPT algorithm parameters and setting operating modes, and transmits these commands to the main control unit for processing.

[0080] Step S400: Selecting a photovoltaic module from the adjusted clustering results, applying the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic module, and synchronously generating adjustment instructions directed to the photovoltaic modules of the same type;

[0081] In the adjusted clustering results, each type of photovoltaic module is analyzed in turn. For any type of photovoltaic module, the MPPT algorithm is applied to the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic module, and then an adjustment instruction directed to the photovoltaic module is generated. At the same time, since the photovoltaic modules have been clustered, the present invention can directly adjust photovoltaic modules of the same type while generating adjustment instructions directed to the photovoltaic module. This greatly reduces the application frequency of the MPPT algorithm. For example, if 100 photovoltaic modules are divided into 10 categories, the algorithm originally needed to be applied 100 times, but now only needs to be applied 10 times. Although the accuracy is slightly reduced, the algorithm execution process is more efficient. In fact, the voltage near the maximum power point and its power are already high enough. The technical solution of the present invention reduces a lot of "useless work" as a whole, because for photovoltaic modules, the cost required to achieve real-time regulation is far higher than the power production benefit brought by real-time regulation (which may only increase by 1%).

[0082] Furthermore, regarding the MPPT algorithm, the MPPT algorithm is the maximum power point tracking algorithm (abbreviation of Maximum PowerPoint Tracking), which is mainly used in solar photovoltaic power generation systems to track the maximum output power point (MPP) of photovoltaic modules in real time, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the entire system.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the first sub-process of the inter-group power balancing method for a photovoltaic power generation system. The steps of obtaining the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determining environmental monitoring points based on the distribution and terrain parameters include:

[0084] Step S101: establishing a connection channel with a filing database to query the installation location of photovoltaic modules in a photovoltaic power generation system;

[0085] Step S102: querying the power generation of the photovoltaic module within a preset time period and querying the number of energy consumption points connected to the photovoltaic module;

[0086] Step S103: determining a terrain collection area with the installation location of the photovoltaic module as the center, calculating the union of the terrain collection areas, and obtaining a remote sensing image of the union;

[0087] Step S104: Identify the remote sensing image, determine the terrain partition outline, and obtain terrain sub-areas;

[0088] Step S105: Determine the number of environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area, and evenly set the environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area based on the power generation and the number of energy consumption points, with the number of set environmental monitoring points being the same as the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0089] In an example of the technical solution of the present invention, the process of determining the environmental monitoring points is explained. When installing, photovoltaic modules must be registered. The registered data is stored in a registration database. A connection channel with the registration database is established to query the installation position of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system. At the same time, it is necessary to query the power generation of the photovoltaic modules within a preset time period, and it is also necessary to query the number of energy consumption points external to the photovoltaic modules. After the data query is completed, the terrain collection area is determined with the installation position of the photovoltaic modules as the center, the union of the terrain collection areas is calculated, and the remote sensing image of the union is obtained. The remote sensing image is identified to determine the terrain partition outline and obtain the terrain sub-area. The number of environmental monitoring points is determined in the terrain sub-area, and the environmental monitoring points are evenly set in the terrain sub-area based on the power generation and the number of energy consumption points. The number of set points is the same as the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0090] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the step of determining the number of environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area, and evenly setting the environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area based on the power production and the number of energy consumption points, wherein the number of environmental monitoring points is the same as the number of environmental monitoring points, comprises:

[0091] Query the power generation of all photovoltaic modules in the terrain sub-area and the number of external energy consumption points, obtain the area of ​​the terrain sub-area, and calculate the monitoring demand score of the terrain sub-area;

[0092] Determine the number of environmental monitoring points in direct proportion to the logarithm of the monitoring needs;

[0093] Randomly select a location in the terrain sub-area as a reference monitoring point, select a selection direction for the next point based on the reference monitoring point, and determine the next monitoring point in the selected direction based on the point interval;

[0094] The environmental monitoring point selection process is performed with the next monitoring point as the new benchmark monitoring point until the number of selected locations reaches the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0095] The process of determining environmental monitoring points includes two steps: one is to determine the number, and the other is to determine the location. The power generation of all photovoltaic modules and the number of external energy consumption points in the terrain sub-area are queried, the area of ​​the terrain sub-area is obtained, and the monitoring demand score of the terrain sub-area is calculated. This process converts the power generation of all photovoltaic modules and the corresponding number of energy consumption points into a single value used to evaluate the status of the entire sub-area, called the monitoring demand score. The number of environmental monitoring points is determined based on the logarithmic proportion of the monitoring demand score. The core of the logarithmic proportion is that as the monitoring demand score increases, the number of environmental monitoring points increases, but the growth rate becomes smaller and smaller.

[0096] The specific location selection process is to randomly select a location in the terrain sub-area as a reference monitoring point, select the selection direction of the next point based on the reference monitoring point, and determine the next monitoring point based on the point interval (distance) in the selection direction. The selection direction generally uses an angle value, such as pre-setting a direction as the zero-degree direction and setting a rotation direction as the angle increase direction. In this way, all directions in the plane are limited to the range of zero to three hundred and sixty degrees; each time a new monitoring point is selected, it is used as a new reference monitoring point, and this process is repeated until the number of selected locations is large enough to reach the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0097] The point interval is:

[0098] Where, Indicates the point interval, is the preset correction ratio, is the maximum distance between the points on the boundary of the terrain sub-area, Indicates the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0099] The determination of the point interval means first determining the maximum span of the terrain sub-area (the maximum distance between each point on the boundary), calculating the ratio of the maximum span to the number of environmental monitoring points as the benchmark distance, and multiplying it by a correction ratio to obtain the final point interval; among them, the correction ratio is generally a value around 1, and the value range is mostly 0.5 to 1.5.

[0100] The selection process includes:

[0101] Randomly determine the selection direction, query the angle difference between the selection direction and the selected point, and re-determine the selection direction when the angle difference is less than the preset difference threshold.

[0102] Figure 3 This is a second sub-flow diagram of the inter-group power balancing method for a photovoltaic power generation system, wherein the steps of obtaining environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identifying the environmental parameters, and clustering photovoltaic modules according to the identification results include:

[0103] Step S201: Install environmental monitoring equipment at an environmental monitoring point to collect environmental parameters in real time; the environmental parameters are arrays, each element in the array corresponds to a parameter type, and the environmental parameters contain a time tag;

[0104] Step S202: Acquire environmental parameters within a preset time period based on the wireless transmission module and construct an environmental matrix;

[0105] Step S203: Compare the environmental matrices of different photovoltaic modules and cluster the photovoltaic modules.

[0106] In an example of the technical solution of the present invention, a clustering process of photovoltaic modules is described. Environmental monitoring equipment is installed at environmental monitoring points to collect environmental parameters in real time. The data structure of the environmental parameters is an array, and each element in the array corresponds to a parameter type. The environmental parameters contain a time tag. Then, the environmental parameters within a preset time period are obtained based on a wireless transmission module, and the array is arranged in chronological order on a second dimension to obtain a two-dimensional array, called an environmental matrix. Finally, the environmental matrices of different photovoltaic modules are compared, and the differences between the photovoltaic modules can be quantified. The inverse of the matrix similarity can be used as the distance. Based on the distance, the existing clustering algorithm is applied to divide the photovoltaic modules into different classes.

[0107] It should be noted that all environmental monitoring devices have the same monitoring type, which is used to ensure that the number of elements in the array is the same (generally the number of rows in the environmental matrix), and the same acquisition frequency, which is used to ensure that the acquisition time of the array is the same (the time difference is extremely small, only the difference in data transmission at the millisecond level, which can be ignored. For example, data within a certain minute can be considered as data at the same time). This can ensure that the number of columns in the environmental matrix is ​​the same. In this way, the size of the environmental matrices of all photovoltaic modules is the same. When comparing, it is very simple and the existing matrix comparison scheme can be used. The present invention will not go into details.

[0108] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the third sub-process of the inter-group power balancing method for a photovoltaic power generation system. For each type of photovoltaic component, the steps of obtaining the operating parameters of the photovoltaic component based on the wireless communication module and adjusting the clustering results according to the operating parameters include:

[0109] Step S301: for each type of photovoltaic module, obtaining the instantaneous power generation of the photovoltaic module at each moment based on the wireless communication module;

[0110] Step S302: Arrange the instantaneous power generation at each moment to obtain a power generation sequence;

[0111] Step S303: performing Fourier transform on the power generation sequence to extract a preset number of frequency components;

[0112] Step S304: comparing the frequency components of each photovoltaic module in the same type of photovoltaic modules, and performing secondary clustering on the photovoltaic modules of the same type.

[0113] In an example of the technical solution of the present invention, for each type of photovoltaic module, the instantaneous power generation of the photovoltaic module at each moment is obtained based on the wireless communication module, which can be calculated from the current and voltage. The instantaneous power generation at each moment is arranged to obtain a power generation sequence, and the power generation sequence is Fourier transformed to intercept a preset number of frequency components. This is equivalent to the Fourier transform process of discrete data, and the obtained frequency components are also discrete. By comparing the frequency components of each photovoltaic module in the same type of photovoltaic module, the periodicity of the power generation sequence can be obtained. If two frequency components are similar, then the periodicity of the corresponding power generation process is also similar, indicating that the working states of the two photovoltaic modules are closer. The photovoltaic modules are further clustered according to the comparison results of the frequency components. This is a gradient adjustment scheme, which is equivalent to performing a second clustering on the basis of the first clustering. In the clustering results obtained, photovoltaic modules of the same type are closer, and the accuracy is higher when determining the control instructions of other photovoltaic modules based on the control instructions of one photovoltaic module.

[0114] Figure 5 This is a fourth sub-flow diagram of the inter-group power balancing method for a photovoltaic power generation system. The steps of selecting photovoltaic modules from the adjusted clustering results, applying the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic modules, and synchronously generating adjustment instructions directed to the same type of photovoltaic modules include:

[0115] Step S401: selecting any photovoltaic module from the adjusted clustering results;

[0116] Step S402: obtaining the input voltage, output voltage, input current, and output current of the photovoltaic module at each moment;

[0117] Step S403: running a module with a built-in MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the current photovoltaic module;

[0118] Step S404: Controlling the DC / DC converter circuit by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM waveform to track the maximum power point voltage in real time;

[0119] Step S405: determining a proportional relationship based on the maximum power point voltage and the peak voltage of the current photovoltaic module, and adjusting the operating parameters of other photovoltaic modules of the same type based on the proportional relationship.

[0120] In an example of the technical solution of the present invention, the final adjustment process is described. Any photovoltaic module is selected from the adjusted clustering results (the specific number of selections can actually be preset and may not be unique. To simplify the explanation process, the above content takes one photovoltaic module as an example), and the input voltage, output voltage, input current and output current of the photovoltaic module at each moment are obtained. A module with a built-in MPPT algorithm is run to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the current photovoltaic module. The DC / DC conversion circuit is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM waveform, and the maximum power point voltage is tracked in real time. The proportional relationship is determined based on the maximum power point voltage and the peak voltage of the current photovoltaic module. The operating voltage of other photovoltaic modules of the same type is adjusted based on the proportional relationship, and control instructions directed to other photovoltaic modules of the same type are generated.

[0121] Specifically, regarding the actual hardware architecture, the main control unit obtains the voltage and current data of the photovoltaic input / output through the ADC module, runs the MPPT algorithm, calculates the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the current photovoltaic module, and controls the DC / DC conversion circuit by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM waveform to achieve real-time tracking of the maximum power point voltage. At the same time, the main control unit also exchanges data and receives scheduling with the outside world through its communication interface, such as communicating with the host computer or other devices, uploading the operating status information of the photovoltaic module, and receiving control instructions. The advanced timer module of some main control chips can output a PWM waveform with a specific duty cycle as required, which is used to control the switching devices in the power conversion unit to realize the function of the power optimizer. The brake input function of the timer can quickly shut down the device in an emergency to protect the device from damage.

[0122] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a structure of an inter-group power balancing system for a photovoltaic power generation system. In an embodiment of the present invention, an inter-group power balancing system for a photovoltaic power generation system is provided. The system 10 includes:

[0123] The monitoring point determination module 11 is used to obtain the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determine the environmental monitoring points according to the distribution and terrain parameters;

[0124] A component clustering module 12 is configured to obtain environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identify the environmental parameters, and cluster photovoltaic components according to the identification results;

[0125] A clustering result adjustment module 13 is configured to obtain operating parameters of each type of photovoltaic module based on the wireless communication module and adjust the clustering result according to the operating parameters;

[0126] The intra-class component adjustment module 14 is used to select photovoltaic components from the adjusted clustering results, calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic components using the MPPT algorithm, and simultaneously generate adjustment instructions directed to photovoltaic components of the same class.

[0127] Furthermore, the monitoring point determination module 11 includes:

[0128] An installation location query unit is used to establish a connection channel with the filing database to query the installation location of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system;

[0129] A component parameter query unit is used to query the power generation of the photovoltaic component within a preset time period and the number of energy consumption points connected to the photovoltaic component;

[0130] A remote sensing image acquisition unit is used to determine a terrain acquisition area with the installation location of the photovoltaic module as the center, calculate the union of the terrain acquisition areas, and acquire a remote sensing image of the union;

[0131] A partitioning unit, configured to identify the remote sensing image, determine the terrain partition outline, and obtain terrain sub-regions;

[0132] The point setting unit is used to determine the number of environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area, and evenly set the environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area based on the power generation and energy consumption points. The number of set environmental monitoring points is the same as the number of environmental monitoring points.

[0133] Specifically, the component clustering module 12 includes:

[0134] An environmental parameter acquisition unit is used to install environmental monitoring equipment at an environmental monitoring point to collect environmental parameters in real time; the environmental parameters are arrays, each element in the array corresponds to a parameter type, and the environmental parameters contain time tags;

[0135] An environment matrix construction unit, configured to obtain environment parameters within a preset time period based on the wireless transmission module and construct an environment matrix;

[0136] A comparison unit is used to compare the environmental matrices of different photovoltaic modules and cluster the photovoltaic modules;

[0137] Among them, all environmental monitoring equipment have the same monitoring type and collection frequency.

[0138] Furthermore, the clustering result adjustment module 13 includes:

[0139] The power collection unit is used to obtain the instantaneous power generation of each type of photovoltaic module at each moment based on the wireless communication module;

[0140] A sequence generation unit is used to arrange the instantaneous power generation at each moment to obtain a power generation sequence;

[0141] a frequency component acquisition unit, configured to perform Fourier transform on the power generation sequence and extract a preset number of frequency components;

[0142] The secondary clustering unit is used to compare the frequency components of each photovoltaic module in the same type of photovoltaic modules and perform secondary clustering on the same type of photovoltaic modules.

[0143] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for balancing power between groups of a photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determine the environmental monitoring points based on the distribution and terrain parameters; Acquiring environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identifying the environmental parameters, and clustering photovoltaic modules according to the identification results; For each type of photovoltaic module, obtaining operating parameters of the photovoltaic module based on the wireless communication module, and adjusting the clustering result according to the operating parameters; Select PV modules from the adjusted clustering results, apply the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the PV modules, and simultaneously generate adjustment instructions for the same type of PV modules; The steps of selecting photovoltaic modules from the adjusted clustering results, applying the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic modules, and synchronously generating adjustment instructions directed to photovoltaic modules of the same type include: Select any photovoltaic module from the adjusted clustering results; Obtain the input voltage, output voltage, input current, and output current of the photovoltaic module at each moment; Run the module with built-in MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the current photovoltaic module; By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM waveform to control the DC / DC conversion circuit, the maximum power point voltage can be tracked in real time; A proportional relationship is determined based on the maximum power point voltage and the peak voltage of the current photovoltaic module, and the operating parameters of other photovoltaic modules of the same type are adjusted based on the proportional relationship.

2. The inter-group power balancing method of a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of obtaining the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determining environmental monitoring points according to the distribution and terrain parameters include: Establish a connection channel with the filing database to query the installation location of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system; Query the power generation of the photovoltaic module within the preset time period, and query the number of energy consumption points connected to the photovoltaic module; Taking the installation location of the photovoltaic module as the center, determine the terrain collection area, calculate the union of the terrain collection areas, and obtain the remote sensing image of the union; Recognizing the remote sensing image, determining the terrain partition outline, and obtaining the terrain sub-area; The number of environmental monitoring points is determined in the terrain sub-area, and the environmental monitoring points are evenly set in the terrain sub-area based on the number of power generation and energy consumption points, and the number of set environmental monitoring points is the same as the number of environmental monitoring points.

3. The inter-group power balancing method of a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of determining the number of environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area, and evenly setting the environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area based on the power generation and the number of energy consumption points, wherein the number of the environmental monitoring points is equal to the number of the environmental monitoring points, comprises: Query the power generation of all photovoltaic modules in the terrain sub-area and the number of external energy consumption points, obtain the area of ​​the terrain sub-area, and calculate the monitoring demand score of the terrain sub-area; Determine the number of environmental monitoring points in direct proportion to the logarithm of the monitoring needs; Randomly select a location in the terrain sub-area as a reference monitoring point, select a selection direction for the next point based on the reference monitoring point, and determine the next monitoring point in the selected direction based on the point interval; The environmental monitoring point selection process is performed with the next monitoring point as the new benchmark monitoring point until the number of selected locations reaches the number of environmental monitoring points; The point interval is: Where, Indicates the point interval, is the preset correction ratio, is the maximum distance between the points on the boundary of the terrain sub-area, Indicates the number of environmental monitoring points; The process of determining the selected direction includes: Randomly determine the selection direction, query the angle difference between the selection direction and the selected point, and re-determine the selection direction when the angle difference is less than the preset difference threshold.

4. The method for balancing power between groups of a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of acquiring environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identifying the environmental parameters, and clustering photovoltaic modules according to the identification results include: Install environmental monitoring equipment at environmental monitoring points to collect environmental parameters in real time; the environmental parameters are arrays, each element in the array corresponds to a parameter type, and the environmental parameters contain time tags; Acquire environmental parameters within a preset time period based on the wireless transmission module and construct an environmental matrix; Compare the environmental matrices of different photovoltaic modules and cluster the photovoltaic modules; Among them, all environmental monitoring equipment have the same monitoring type and collection frequency.

5. The inter-group power balancing method of a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the operating parameters of each type of photovoltaic assembly based on the wireless communication module and adjusting the clustering result according to the operating parameters includes: For each type of photovoltaic module, the instantaneous power generation of the photovoltaic module at each moment is obtained based on the wireless communication module; Arrange the instantaneous power generation at each moment to obtain the power generation sequence; Performing Fourier transform on the power generation sequence to extract a preset number of frequency components; The frequency components of each photovoltaic module in the same type are compared and the photovoltaic modules of the same type are secondary clustered.

6. A power balancing system between groups of a photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: The system comprises: The monitoring point determination module is used to obtain the distribution of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system and determine the environmental monitoring points based on the distribution and terrain parameters; A component clustering module, configured to obtain environmental parameters according to the environmental monitoring points, identify the environmental parameters, and cluster photovoltaic components according to the identification results; A clustering result adjustment module, configured to obtain, for each type of photovoltaic module, operating parameters of the photovoltaic module based on the wireless communication module, and adjust the clustering result according to the operating parameters; The intra-class component adjustment module is used to select PV modules from the adjusted cluster results, apply the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the PV modules, and simultaneously generate adjustment instructions for the PV modules of the same class; The steps of selecting photovoltaic modules from the adjusted clustering results, applying the MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the photovoltaic modules, and synchronously generating adjustment instructions directed to photovoltaic modules of the same type include: Select any photovoltaic module from the adjusted clustering results; Obtain the input voltage, output voltage, input current, and output current of the photovoltaic module at each moment; Run the module with built-in MPPT algorithm to calculate the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum power point of the current photovoltaic module; By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM waveform to control the DC / DC conversion circuit, the maximum power point voltage can be tracked in real time; A proportional relationship is determined based on the maximum power point voltage and the peak voltage of the current photovoltaic module, and the operating parameters of other photovoltaic modules of the same type are adjusted based on the proportional relationship.

7. The inter-group power balancing system of the photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The monitoring point determination module includes: An installation location query unit is used to establish a connection channel with the filing database to query the installation location of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation system; A component parameter query unit is used to query the power generation of the photovoltaic component within a preset time period and the number of energy consumption points connected to the photovoltaic component; A remote sensing image acquisition unit is used to determine a terrain acquisition area with the installation location of the photovoltaic module as the center, calculate the union of the terrain acquisition areas, and acquire a remote sensing image of the union; A partitioning unit, configured to identify the remote sensing image, determine the terrain partition outline, and obtain terrain sub-regions; The point setting unit is used to determine the number of environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area, and evenly set the environmental monitoring points in the terrain sub-area based on the power generation and energy consumption points. The number of set environmental monitoring points is the same as the number of environmental monitoring points.

8. The inter-group power balancing system of the photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The component clustering module includes: An environmental parameter acquisition unit is used to install environmental monitoring equipment at an environmental monitoring point to collect environmental parameters in real time; the environmental parameters are arrays, each element in the array corresponds to a parameter type, and the environmental parameters contain time tags; An environment matrix construction unit, configured to obtain environment parameters within a preset time period based on the wireless transmission module and construct an environment matrix; A comparison unit is used to compare the environmental matrices of different photovoltaic modules and cluster the photovoltaic modules; Among them, all environmental monitoring equipment have the same monitoring type and collection frequency.

9. The inter-group power balancing system of the photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clustering result adjustment module includes: The power collection unit is used to obtain the instantaneous power generation of each type of photovoltaic module at each moment based on the wireless communication module; A sequence generation unit is used to arrange the instantaneous power generation at each moment to obtain a power generation sequence; a frequency component acquisition unit, configured to perform Fourier transform on the power generation sequence and extract a preset number of frequency components; The secondary clustering unit is used to compare the frequency components of each photovoltaic module in the same type of photovoltaic modules and perform secondary clustering on the same type of photovoltaic modules.

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