A permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The application relates to the motor technical field and discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor which comprises a first air duct and a second air duct, the inner end cover is transversely provided with the first air duct, the number of the first air duct is several, the second air duct comprises an air inlet hole, an air passing hole and an air outlet hole, the inner part of the inner end cover is provided with the air inlet hole, the inner part of the main shell is provided with the air passing hole, and the inner part of the outer end cover is provided with the air outlet hole; the number of the air inlet hole, the air passing hole and the air outlet hole is equal, and the air inlet hole, the air passing hole and the air outlet hole are one-to-one corresponding. When the rotating mechanism rotates under the action of the stator mechanism and the rotor mechanism, the airflow generated by the heat dissipation fan enters the inner rear end of the main shell through the first air duct, enters the inner front end of the main shell through the second air duct, and thus the two ends of the inner part of the main shell are synchronously cooled, the non-uniform cooling of the two ends of the inner part of the main shell is effectively prevented, local overheating is avoided, and the protection effect of the main shell and the internal components is enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The permanent magnet synchronous motor is a synchronous motor using a permanent magnet (such as neodymium iron boron) to replace a traditional electric excitation, which simplifies the structure of the motor, reduces the processing and assembly costs, saves the collector ring and the brush, improves the reliability of the motor operation, has no excitation loss, has the characteristics of high efficiency and high power density, and is widely used in electric vehicles, industrial drives, household appliances and the like. The existing permanent magnet synchronous motor is composed of a stator, a rotor, a bearing, an end cover and the like. When the motor is connected to a power supply, the rotor is driven to rotate by the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator, and the speed of the rotor is kept synchronous with the change speed of the magnetic field generated by the stator.

[0003] However, the existing permanent magnet synchronous motor still has some defects in use. First, the permanent magnet synchronous motor sets a cooling fan at the rear end in the body to passively cool by air. Since the cooling gas flows in one direction from the rear end to the front end, after the cooling air passes through the stator and the rotor, the cooling effect of the front end in the motor is not as good as that of the rear end in the motor, which may cause local overheating in the motor, thereby affecting the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet, increasing the risk of burning the motor, and shortening the service life of the motor. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which has the advantages of effectively synchronously cooling the front end and the rear end in the main shell and improving the cooling effect in the main shell, so as to solve various problems caused by local overheating in the main shell.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising:

[0006] A shell mechanism, the shell mechanism comprises a main shell, one end of the main shell is movably connected with an outer end cover, and the other end of the main shell is movably connected with an inner end cover, and the other end of the inner end cover is movably connected with a protective cover;

[0007] A first air duct, the inner end cover is transversely provided with a plurality of first air ducts;

[0008] A second air duct, the second air duct comprises an air inlet hole, an air passing hole and an air outlet hole, the inner end cover is internally provided with the air inlet hole, the main shell is internally provided with the air passing hole, and the outer end cover is internally provided with the air outlet hole, the number of the air inlet hole, the air passing hole and the air outlet hole is equal, and the air inlet hole, the air passing hole and the air outlet hole correspond to each other one by one.

[0009] The first air duct and the second air duct are used to synchronously and uniformly introduce cold air flow into both ends of the interior of the main shell, so as to realize timely cooling of the interior of the main shell.

[0010] Further, the inlet hole diameter of the first air duct is smaller than the inlet hole diameters of the air inlet hole, the air passing hole and the air outlet hole, and the outlet hole diameter of the first air duct is equal to the outlet hole diameter of the air outlet hole.

[0011] Further, the rotating mechanism is movably arranged in the shell mechanism, and the rotating mechanism comprises:

[0012] The rotating shaft is movably sleeved with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and bearings are arranged between the rotating shaft and the outer end cover and between the rotating shaft and the inner end cover.

[0013] The heat dissipation fan is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the rotating shaft inside the protective cover.

[0014] Further, the rotating mechanism comprises:

[0015] The rotor mechanism is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft inside the main shell.

[0016] The stator mechanism is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the main shell corresponding to the position of the rotor mechanism.

[0017] Further, the rotating mechanism comprises:

[0018] The cooling mechanism is arranged at both ends of the interior of the main shell, and the outer wall of one cooling mechanism is fixedly connected with the outer end cover, and the other cooling mechanism is fixedly connected with the inner end cover.

[0019] The temperature sensor is arranged on the outer end cover and the inner end cover, and one temperature sensor controls one cooling mechanism.

[0020] Further, the cooling mechanism comprises:

[0021] The cooling pipe is arranged on one side wall of the outer end cover or the inner end cover, and the shape of the cooling pipe is a bending design along the first air duct and the second air duct.

[0022] The connecting pipe is arranged on one side wall of the outer end cover or the inner end cover, and the shape of the cooling pipe is a bending design along the first air duct and the second air duct.

[0023] Further, the rotating mechanism comprises:

[0024] The fixing mechanism is arranged at both ends of the main shell inside the stator mechanism and the rotor mechanism.

[0025] Further, the fixing mechanism comprises:

[0026] A fixed ring is arranged in the main shell, and the fixed ring is arranged concentrically with the main shell;

[0027] A fixed column is fixedly connected to the top end and the bottom end of the fixed ring, and the fixed ring is fixedly connected with the main shell through the fixed column;

[0028] A movable ring is movably connected with the fixed ring through the wall surface of the ring cavity in the inner ring of the fixed ring;

[0029] An adjusting piece is movably sleeved in the inner part of the movable ring, and the bottom end of the adjusting piece is in contact with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the number of the adjusting pieces is four, and the four adjusting pieces are evenly arranged around the movable ring;

[0030] A limiting piece is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed ring in position corresponding to the adjusting piece, and the shape of the limiting piece is an arc with one end inclined outward;

[0031] A shielding shell is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed ring in position corresponding to the air outlet end of the first air duct or the second air duct, and the number of the shielding shells is four;

[0032] A moving assembly is movably sleeved in the inner part of the shielding shell, and the moving assembly passes through the fixed ring;

[0033] A left magnetic block is fixedly connected to the wall surface of the movable ring on the left side of the moving assembly;

[0034] A right magnetic block is fixedly connected to the wall surface of the movable ring on the right side of the moving assembly, and the opposite surfaces of the left magnetic block and the right magnetic block are magnetically opposite.

[0035] Further, the moving assembly comprises:

[0036] A moving magnetic strip is movably sleeved in the shielding shell, one end of the moving magnetic strip is N-shaped, the other end of the moving magnetic strip is S-shaped, and the one end of the moving magnetic strip close to the stator mechanism and the rotor mechanism is connected with the shielding shell through a spring;

[0037] A moving piece is fixedly connected to the one end of the moving magnetic strip on the outside of the shielding shell, and the one end of the moving piece close to the first air duct or the second air duct is circular truncated cone-shaped.

[0038] By arranging the fixed mechanism in the inner part of the main shell, and arranging the moving assembly on the fixed mechanism, the moving assembly is opposite to the air outlet ends of the first air duct and the second air duct, the moving assembly is used to effectively disperse the airflow, improve the uniformity of the gas distribution in the main shell, and further prevent local overheating caused by uneven cooling at both ends of the inner part of the main shell.

[0039] By setting the adjusting piece on the fixing mechanism, the adjusting piece is used to exert four-directional thrust on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft and the upper part thereof are centered, the balance of the rotor mechanism is effectively improved, in addition, the movement of the moving assembly is controlled by using the airflow thrust, thereby driving the moving of the movable ring and the adjusting piece, the adjusting piece is centered at low speed rotation, and the centering operation is not performed at high speed rotation, thereby realizing the intermittent centering of the rotating shaft, the concentric arrangement of the stator mechanism and the rotor mechanism is ensured, efficient work is realized, and the surface of the rotating shaft is prevented from being damaged due to excessive friction.

[0040] The present application has the following advantages:

[0041] The permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the present application has the following advantages: the outer end cover and the inner end cover are arranged at the two ends of the main shell, the first air duct is arranged on the inner end cover, the second air duct is arranged on the main shell, the outer end cover and the inner end cover, when the rotating mechanism rotates under the action of the stator mechanism and the rotor mechanism, the airflow generated by the cooling fan enters the rear end of the interior of the main shell through the first air duct, and then enters the front end of the interior of the main shell through the second air duct, thereby cooling the two ends of the interior of the main shell synchronously, the local overheating caused by the uneven cooling of the two ends of the interior of the main shell is effectively prevented, the protection effect of the main shell and the internal components thereof is enhanced, in addition, due to the aperture design of the first air duct and the second air duct, the gas thrusts ejected by the first air duct and the second air duct are effectively ensured to be the same, thereby the two ends of the rotor mechanism are subjected to equal thrust, the displacement of the rotor mechanism caused by long-time unidirectional wind force is effectively prevented, and the air gap uniformity between the stator mechanism and the rotor mechanism is ensured.

[0042] The cooling mechanism is arranged on the outer end cover and the inner end cover located at the two ends of the main shell, and the temperature sensor is further arranged on the outer end cover and the inner end cover, the flowing airflow is cooled in time by using the liquid cooling measure of the cooling mechanism, and the cooling effect is further improved, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the front end or the rear end of the interior of the main shell is high, the corresponding cooling mechanism is started, thereby effectively saving the cost under the condition that the temperature in the main shell is normal, and resource waste is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only are the embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on the provided drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 It is the overall perspective view of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 It is the overall cross-sectional perspective view of the present application without the cooling mechanism and the fixing mechanism.

[0046] Figure 3 is a sectional perspective view of the shell mechanism in the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the rotating mechanism and the rotor mechanism in the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the stator mechanism and the rotor mechanism in the present application;

[0049] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the shell mechanism in the present application in a split state;

[0050] Figure 7 is a sectional perspective view of the whole in the present application;

[0051] Figure 8 is an enlarged view of A in the present application; Figure 7

[0052] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the inner end cap and the cooling mechanism in the present application;

[0053] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the outer end cap and the cooling mechanism in the present application;

[0054] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the cooling mechanism in the present application in the section of the outer end cap and the inner end cap;

[0055] Figure 12 is a perspective view of the cooling mechanism in the present application;

[0056] Figure 13 is a perspective view of the fixing mechanism in the present application;

[0057] Figure 14 is a sectional perspective view of the fixing mechanism in the present application.

[0058] In the figure: 1, shell mechanism; 11, main shell; 12, outer end cap; 13, inner end cap; 14, protective cover; 15, bearing; 2, rotating mechanism; 21, rotating shaft; 22, heat dissipation fan; 3, stator mechanism; 4, rotor mechanism; 5, first air duct; 6, second air duct; 61, air inlet hole; 62, air passing hole; 63, air outlet hole; 7, cooling mechanism; 71, cooling pipe; 72, connecting pipe; 8, fixing mechanism; 81, fixing ring; 82, fixing column; 83, movable ring; 84, adjusting piece; 85, limiting piece; 86, shielding shell; 87, left magnetic block; 88, right magnetic block; 9, moving assembly; 91, moving magnetic strip; 92, moving piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] ​The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1: A permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a main housing 11, as shown below. Figures 1-3 , Figures 6-7 The front end of the main housing 11 is movably engaged with one end of the outer end cover 12, and the rear end of the main housing 11 is movably engaged with one end of the inner end cover 13. The other end of the inner end cover 13 is movably engaged with the protective cover 14. The main housing 11 and the outer end cover 12, the main housing 11 and the inner end cover 13, and the inner end cover 13 and the protective cover 14 are all fixed by bolts. The assembly and disassembly of the outer housing mechanism 1 can be achieved by removing and installing bolts. The outer end cover 12 and the protective cover 14 are located at the front end and the rear end of the outer housing mechanism 1, respectively, and both of them have filter holes on their walls. The filter holes on the protective cover 14 can help the outside air enter the outer housing mechanism 1, and the filter holes on the outer end cover 12 can help the air inside the outer housing mechanism 1 be discharged to the outside. In summary, the main housing 11, the outer end cover 12, the inner end cover 13 and the protective cover 14 together constitute the outer housing mechanism 1.

[0061] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 The rotating mechanism 2 is movably disposed within the outer casing 1 and is used to convert electricity into mechanical force. The rotating mechanism 2 includes a rotating shaft 21 and a cooling fan 22. The middle parts of the outer end cover 12 and the inner end cover 13 are movably sleeved with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21. Bearings 15 are provided between the rotating shaft 21 and the outer end cover 12, and between the rotating shaft 21 and the inner end cover 13. The bearings 15 effectively ensure the stability and durability of the rotating shaft 21. The cooling fan 22 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21 located inside the protective cover 14. When the rotating shaft 21 drives the cooling fan 22 to rotate, the cooling fan 22 can generate airflow and move the airflow from the protective cover 14 towards the main casing 11.

[0062] like Figure 2 , Figures 4-5 , Figure 7 A rotor mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21 located inside the main housing 11, and the rotor mechanism 4 is composed of a rotor core and rotor bars.

[0063] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7The stator mechanism 3 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the main shell 11 corresponding to the position of the rotor mechanism 4, and is composed of a stator core and a stator winding. When the stator mechanism 3 is electrified, the stator mechanism 3 generates a rotating magnetic field, and the rotor mechanism 4 generates a constant magnetic field, so that under the action of the rotating magnetic field of the stator mechanism 3, the rotor mechanism 4 is attracted and rotates synchronously, thereby generating an electromagnetic torque to drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate. In addition, the side wall of the main shell 11 is provided with a plurality of cooling fins, and the positions of the cooling fins correspond to the positions of the stator mechanism 3 and the rotor mechanism 4, so that part of the heat in the areas of the stator mechanism 3 and the rotor mechanism 4 can be conducted out.

[0064] As Figures 2-3 , Figures 6-11 , the first air duct 5 is transversely arranged on the inner end cover 13, and the number of the first air duct 5 is several. The air inlet end of the first air duct 5 is in communication with the inside of the protective cover 14, and the air outlet end of the first air duct 5 is in communication with the inside of the rear end of the main shell 11, so that the gas in the protective cover 14 can be discharged to the inside of the rear end of the main shell 11 through the first air duct 5.

[0065] As Figures 2-3 , Figures 6-11 , the second air duct 6 includes an air inlet hole 61, an air passing hole 62 and an air outlet hole 63. The air inlet hole 61 is arranged in the inside of the inner end cover 13, the air passing hole 62 is arranged in the inside of the main shell 11, and the air outlet hole 63 is arranged in the inside of the outer end cover 12. The number of the air inlet hole 61, the air passing hole 62 and the air outlet hole 63 is equal, and they are one-to-one corresponding between the air inlet hole 61, the air passing hole 62 and the air outlet hole 63. Specifically, the air inlet end of the air inlet hole 61 is in communication with the inside of the protective cover 14, the air outlet end of the air inlet hole 61 is in communication with the air inlet end of the air passing hole 62, the air outlet end of the air passing hole 62 is in communication with the air inlet end of the air outlet hole 63, and the air outlet end of the air outlet hole 63 is in communication with the front end of the inside of the main shell 11, so that the gas in the protective cover 14 can be discharged to the inside of the rear end of the main shell 11 through the second air duct 6.

[0066] As Figures 2-3 , Figures 6-11 , the air inlet end aperture of the first air duct 5 is smaller than the air inlet end apertures of the air inlet hole 61, the air passing hole 62 and the air outlet hole 63, and the air outlet end aperture of the first air duct 5 is equal to the air outlet end aperture of the air outlet hole 63, so as to effectively solve the pressure loss caused by the longer path of the second air duct 6 than the first air duct 5, so as to offset the flow pressure drop, so as to realize the consistent gas thrust discharged by the first air duct 5 and the second air duct 6. It should be noted that, in order to reduce the friction loss, the wall surface of the first air duct 5 and the second air duct 6 should be smooth, and the aperture change of the second air duct 6 should adopt a tapered design.

[0067] The cold air flows into both ends of the interior of the main shell 11 synchronously and uniformly by the first air duct 5 and the second air duct 6, the interior of the main shell 11 is cooled in time, and local overheating caused by uneven cooling of both ends of the interior of the main shell 11 is prevented, and the protection effect of the main shell 11 and the internal components is enhanced.

[0068] In the embodiment two, on the basis of the embodiment one, the permanent magnet synchronous motor further comprises a cooling mechanism 7 and a temperature sensor, and specifically:

[0069] As Figures 7-12 , the cooling mechanism 7 is arranged at both ends of the interior of the main shell 11, and the outer wall of one cooling mechanism 7 is fixedly connected with the outer end cover 12, and the other cooling mechanism 7 is fixedly connected with the inner end cover 13, so as to effectively liquid-cool the air flow entering the main shell 11 through the outer end cover 12 and the inner end cover 13, further improve the cooling effect and efficiency in the main shell 11, and the cooling mechanism 7 comprises a cooling pipe 71 and a connecting pipe 72, as Figure 12 , the cooling pipe 71 is arranged on one side wall of the outer end cover 12 or the inner end cover 13, and the shape of the cooling pipe 71 is a bending design arranged along the first air duct 5 and the second air duct 6, which can fully liquid-cool the air flow sprayed by the first air duct 5 and the second air duct 6, two connecting pipes 72 are arranged corresponding to one cooling pipe 71, one connecting pipe 72 is used for liquid inlet, and the other connecting pipe 72 is used for liquid outlet, the connecting pipe 72 penetrates through the outer end cover 12 or the inner end cover 13, and the connecting pipe 72 is movably connected with the main shell 11, the sleeving design of the connecting pipe 72 on the outer end cover 12 or the inner end cover 13 can ensure the stability of the cooling mechanism 7 arranged on the outer end cover 12 or the inner end cover 13, and the detachable sleeving design of the connecting pipe 72 on the main shell 11 can simplify the connection between the outer end cover 12, the inner end cover 13 and the main shell 11, and avoid complicated installation.

[0070] As Figures 7-12 , the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer end cover 12 and the inner end cover 13, and one temperature sensor controls one cooling mechanism 7, since the highest temperature in the permanent magnet synchronous motor usually cannot exceed 110℃, the critical value set by the temperature sensor should be lower than 110℃, when one temperature sensor senses that the temperature of the region reaches the critical value, the signal is sent to make the connected cooling mechanism 7 start working, and the cooling liquid continuously flows in the cooling mechanism 7 to realize effective transfer of heat in the region.

[0071] In the embodiment three, on the basis of the embodiment two, the permanent magnet synchronous motor further comprises a fixing mechanism 8, as Figures 7-8 , Figures 13-14The fixed mechanism 8 is arranged in the main shell 11 at both ends of the stator mechanism 3 and the rotor mechanism 4, and is used to uniformly distribute the airflow in the main shell 11. The fixed mechanism 8 comprises a fixed ring 81, a fixed column 82, a shielding shell 86 and a moving assembly 9. Figures 13-14 The fixed ring 81 is arranged in the main shell 11 and is concentric with the main shell 11. The top end and the bottom end of the fixed ring 81 are fixedly connected with the fixed column 82, and the fixed ring 81 is fixedly connected with the main shell 11 through the fixed column 82. The fixed column 82 effectively supports the fixed ring 81, thereby ensuring the stability and concentricity of the fixed ring 81 arranged in the main shell 11. The outer wall of the fixed ring 81 corresponding to the position of the air outlet end of the first air duct 5 or the second air duct 6 is fixedly connected with the shielding shell 86. The number of the shielding shell 86 is four. The fixed ring 81 and the shielding shell 86 have the function of shielding the magnetic field, effectively ensuring that the moving assembly 9 only has magnetic force action with the left magnetic block 87 and the right magnetic block 88, and does not affect the working of the stator mechanism 3 and the rotor mechanism 4. The moving assembly 9 is movably sleeved in the shielding shell 86, and the moving assembly 9 passes through the fixed ring 81, which can help to uniformly distribute the airflow.

[0072] In the fourth embodiment, on the basis of the third embodiment, as Figures 7-8 , Figures 13-14 The moving assembly 9 comprises a moving magnetic strip 91 and a moving piece 92. The moving magnetic strip 91 is movably sleeved in the shielding shell 86. One end of the moving magnetic strip 91 is N-shaped, and the other end of the moving magnetic strip 91 is S-shaped. The one end of the moving magnetic strip 91 close to the stator mechanism 3 and the rotor mechanism 4 is connected through a spring. The spring can provide power for the outward movement of the moving magnetic strip 91, that is, when the moving assembly 9 is subjected to small wind force, the moving magnetic strip 91 is pushed outward by the spring. The one end of the moving magnetic strip 91 outside the shielding shell 86 is fixedly connected with the moving piece 92. The one end of the moving piece 92 close to the first air duct 5 or the second air duct 6 is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, which can effectively disperse the airflow and improve the uniformity of the gas distribution in the main shell 11, thereby further preventing local overheating caused by uneven cooling at both ends of the main shell 11.

[0073] In the fifth embodiment, on the basis of the fourth embodiment, as Figures 7-8 , Figures 13-14The fixing mechanism 8 further comprises a movable ring 83, an adjusting piece 84, a limiting piece 85, a left magnetic block 87 and a right magnetic block 88. The inner ring of the fixing ring 81 is provided with a ring cavity, and the fixing ring 81 is movably connected with the movable ring 83 through the wall surface of the ring cavity. The inside of the movable ring 83 movably sleeves the adjusting piece 84, and the bottom end of the adjusting piece 84 is in contact with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21. The number of the adjusting piece 84 is four, and the four adjusting pieces 84 are evenly arranged around the movable ring 83. The four adjusting pieces 84 can exert four-directional thrust on the rotating shaft 21, so as to realize the centering of the rotating shaft 21 and the parts above it, effectively improve the balance of the rotor mechanism 4, and effectively improve the balance of the rotor mechanism 4. The adjusting piece 84 is composed of a long plate and a pulley, and the pulley is movably arranged at the bottom end of the long plate, so that the pulley is in contact with the rotating shaft 21. When the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the pulley rotates synchronously, so that the rolling friction between the two is formed, thereby reducing the frictional force suffered by the rotating shaft 21 during self-rotation. The limiting piece 85 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer ring of the fixing ring 81 corresponding to the position of the adjusting piece 84. The limiting piece 85 is arc-shaped with one end outwardly inclined. The adjusting piece 84 is limited by the limiting piece 85 and is in contact with the rotating shaft 21. According to the shape of the limiting piece 85, the contact state of the adjusting piece 84 with the rotating shaft 21 is changed. Specifically, if the top end of the adjusting piece 84 is in contact with the non-inclined region of the limiting piece 85, the adjusting piece 84 will resist the rotating shaft 21 and will exert equal external forces in different four directions on the rotating shaft 21. If the top end of the adjusting piece 84 is in contact with the inclined region of the limiting piece 85, the adjusting piece 84 may be in contact with the rotating shaft 21 and will not exert equal external forces in different four directions on the rotating shaft 21. The wall surface of the movable ring 83 located on the left side of the moving assembly 9 is fixedly connected with the left magnetic block 87, and the wall surface of the movable ring 83 located on the right side of the moving assembly 9 is fixedly connected with the right magnetic block 88. The opposite surfaces of the left magnetic block 87 and the right magnetic block 88 are magnetically opposite. The moving assembly 9 can generate different magnetic force effects with the left magnetic block 87 and the right magnetic block 88 when moving, thereby providing power for moving the movable ring 83. Specifically, when the wind force received by the moving assembly 9 is small, the N-shaped end of the moving magnetic strip 91 is located inside the fixing ring 81, the left magnetic block 87 is close to the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of magnetic attraction, and the right magnetic block 88 is far away from the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of magnetic repulsion, thereby pushing the movable ring 83 and the adjusting piece 84 to move clockwise, and the adjusting piece 84 effectively centers the rotating shaft 21 under the action of the limiting piece 85. When the wind force received by the moving assembly 9 is large, the S-shaped end of the moving magnetic strip 91 is located inside the fixing ring 81, the left magnetic block 87 is far away from the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of magnetic repulsion, and the right magnetic block 88 is close to the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of magnetic attraction, thereby pushing the movable ring 83 and the adjusting piece 84 to move counterclockwise, and the adjusting piece 84 does not effectively center the rotating shaft 21 under the action of the limiting piece 85.

[0074] The working principle of the use method of the application is as follows:

[0075] When the power is turned on, the rotating mechanism 2 rotates under the action of the stator mechanism 3 and the rotor mechanism 4, so that the cooling air flow in the protective cover 14 is generated to the main shell 11, and the cooling air flow is discharged to the front end and the rear end of the interior of the main shell 11 through the first air duct 5 and the second air duct 6 respectively, thereby synchronously cooling the two ends of the interior of the main shell 11, effectively preventing local overheating caused by uneven cooling of the two ends of the interior of the main shell 11, and enhancing the protection effect of the main shell 11 and the internal components thereof.

[0076] When the motor is working, if the temperature sensor does not reach the critical value, the cooling liquid in the cooling mechanism 7 does not circulate, and only the static cooling liquid is used to cool the gas, if the temperature sensor reaches the critical value, the corresponding cooling mechanism 7 is started, so that the cooling liquid in the cooling mechanism 7 continuously flows, so as to enhance the rate of heat transfer, thereby through the cooperation design of the cooling mechanism 7 and the temperature sensor, effectively saving the cost under the condition of ensuring the normal temperature in the main shell 11, and avoiding resource waste.

[0077] When the motor is working, the moving assembly 9 is opposite to the gas outlet end of the first air duct 5 or the second air duct 6, thereby effectively dispersing the air flow and improving the uniformity of the gas distribution in the main shell 11, further preventing local overheating caused by uneven cooling of the two ends of the interior of the main shell 11, and at the same time, if the rotating shaft 21 rotates at a low speed, the gas thrust cannot overcome the spring thrust, so that the N end of the moving magnetic strip 91 is located in the interior of the fixed ring 81, the left magnetic block 87 is close to the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of the magnetic attraction force, and the right magnetic block 88 is away from the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of the magnetic repulsion force, thereby pushing the movable ring 83 and the adjusting piece 84 to move clockwise, and the adjusting piece 84 is centered on the rotating shaft 21 under the action of the limiting piece 85, if the cooling fan 22 rotates at a high speed, the gas thrust overcomes the spring thrust, so that the S-shaped end of the moving magnetic strip 91 is located in the interior of the fixed ring 81, the left magnetic block 87 is away from the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of the magnetic repulsion force, and the right magnetic block 88 is close to the moving magnetic strip 91 under the action of the magnetic attraction force, thereby pushing the movable ring 83 and the adjusting piece 84 to move counterclockwise, and the adjusting piece 84 does not center the rotating shaft 21 under the action of the limiting piece 85, and the above-mentioned setting of the fixing mechanism 8 can realize intermittent centering of the rotating shaft 21, which not only ensures the concentric setting of the stator mechanism 3 and the rotor mechanism 4 and efficient work, but also avoids excessive friction of the rotating shaft 21 and surface damage.

[0078] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that, include: The outer shell mechanism (1) includes a main shell (11), the front end of the main shell (11) is movably engaged with one end of the outer end cover (12), and the rear end of the main shell (11) is movably engaged with one end of the inner end cover (13), and the other end of the inner end cover (13) is movably engaged with the protective cover (14). The first air duct (5) is provided in the inner end cover (13) in a transverse manner, and the number of first air ducts (5) is several. The second air duct (6) includes an air inlet (61), an air passage (62) and an air outlet (63). The inner end cover (13) has an air inlet (61) inside, and the main housing (11) has an air passage (62) inside. The outer end cover (12) has an air outlet (63) inside. The number of air inlets (61), air passages (62) and air outlets (63) are equal, and the air inlets (61), air passages (62) and air outlets (63) correspond one-to-one. Rotating mechanism (2), the rotating mechanism (2) is movably disposed inside the outer shell mechanism (1), the rotating mechanism (2) includes a rotating shaft (21), and the middle parts of the outer end cover (12) and the inner end cover (13) are movably sleeved with the outer wall of the rotating shaft (21); The rotor mechanism (4) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (21) inside the main housing (11). The stator mechanism (3) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the main housing (11) corresponding to the position of the rotor mechanism (4). Fixing mechanism (8) is provided inside the main housing (11) at both ends of the stator mechanism (3) and the rotor mechanism (4); The fixing mechanism (8) includes: A fixing ring (81) is disposed inside the main housing (11), and the fixing ring (81) is concentrically disposed with the main housing (11); The top and bottom ends of the fixing ring (81) are fixedly connected to the fixing column (82), and the fixing ring (81) is fixedly connected to the main housing (11) through the fixing column (82); The shielding shell (86) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring (81) corresponding to the air outlet position of the first air duct (5) or the second air duct (6), and the number of shielding shells (86) is four. The movable component (9) is movably sleeved inside the shielding shell (86), and the movable component (9) passes through the fixing ring (81). The moving component (9) includes: The movable magnetic strip (91) is movably sleeved inside the shielding shell (86). One end of the movable magnetic strip (91) near the stator mechanism (3) and the rotor mechanism (4) is connected to the shielding shell (86) by a spring. The movable part (92) is fixedly connected to one end of the movable magnetic strip (91) located outside the shielding shell (86), and the end of the movable part (92) near the first air duct (5) or the second air duct (6) is frustum-shaped.

2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet diameter of the first air duct (5) is smaller than that of the inlet diameter of the air inlet (61), the air passage (62) and the air outlet (63), and the outlet diameter of the first air duct (5) is equal to that of the outlet diameter of the air outlet (63).

3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (2) further includes: Bearings (15) are provided between the rotating shaft (21) and the outer end cover (12), and between the rotating shaft (21) and the inner end cover (13). A cooling fan (22) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (21) inside the protective cover (14).

4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Cooling mechanism (7): Both ends of the main housing (11) are provided with cooling mechanism (7), and the outer wall of one cooling mechanism (7) is fixedly connected to the outer end cover (12), and the other cooling mechanism (7) is fixedly connected to the inner end cover (13); Temperature sensors are provided on both the outer end cover (12) and the inner end cover (13), and each temperature sensor controls a cooling mechanism (7).

5. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism (7) includes: Cooling pipe (71), the cooling pipe (71) is provided on one side wall of the outer end cover (12) or the inner end cover (13), and the shape of the cooling pipe (71) is a bent design provided along the first air duct (5) and the second air duct (6); Connecting pipe (72): For each cooling pipe (71), there are two connecting pipes (72), one connecting pipe (72) is used for liquid inlet and the other connecting pipe (72) is used for liquid outlet.

6. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (8) also includes: The movable ring (83) has an inner cavity in the fixed ring (81), and the fixed ring (81) is movably engaged with the movable ring (83) through the wall of the cavity. Adjustment component (84), the inside of the movable ring (83) is movably sleeved with adjustment component (84), and the bottom end of adjustment component (84) contacts the outer wall of the rotating shaft (21). The number of adjustment components (84) is four, and the four adjustment components (84) are evenly arranged around the movable ring (83). The limiting member (85) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer ring of the fixing ring (81) corresponding to the position of the adjusting member (84). The limiting member (85) is an arc shape with one end inclined outward. Left magnetic block (87) is fixedly connected to the wall of the movable ring (83) on the left side of the moving component (9). The right magnetic block (88) is fixedly connected to the wall of the movable ring (83) on the right side of the moving component (9), and the magnetic properties of the opposite surfaces of the left magnetic block (87) and the right magnetic block (88) are opposite.

7. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The moving component (9) further includes: One end of the movable magnetic strip (91) is N-shaped, and the other end of the movable magnetic strip (91) is S-shaped.

Images