Smoke sensing probe cleaning device and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motor train unit maintenance, in particular to a smoke sensing probe cleaning device and a working method thereof. The cleaning device comprises an air inlet pipe, a reducer union and an air outlet pipe; the air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air inlet end is used for being connected with an air source; the reducer union is provided with an air inlet and a plurality of air outlets, the air inlet of the reducer union is connected with the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe, each air outlet of the reducer union is connected with the air inlet end of the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet ends of the air outlet pipes are used for cleaning smoke sensing probes; the diameters of the air outlet ends of the air outlet pipes are the same, and the number of the air outlet pipes is square of the ratio of the diameter of the air inlet ends of the air inlet pipes to the diameter of the air outlet ends of the air outlet pipes. According to the invention, multiple groups of probes are simultaneously cleaned by a single air source, the cleaning efficiency is improved, the airflow velocity of each branch after shunting is ensured to be consistent with the input velocity, the airflow kinetic energy attenuation caused by shunting is avoided, and the micro-dust stripping capability is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of EMU maintenance, and in particular to a smoke probe cleaning device and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-speed EMUs have become a focus of railway development due to their many advantages, such as speed, comfort, and economy. Point-type smoke detectors are the core components of the EMU's smoke and fire alarm system. When the EMU is running, the smoke and fire alarm can effectively identify the current vehicle environment and can effectively identify small particles such as smoke. Once the smoke and fire alarm is triggered during vehicle operation, the train control system will automatically slow down or stop running, which can minimize fire losses. To ensure the working stability and reliability of the smoke and fire alarm system, the maintenance team needs to inspect the current vehicle's smoke and fire alarm system during the EMU's return to the factory for maintenance. The point-type smoke detector is directly exposed to the operating environment and has no filter cotton or other obstructions on the outside. As the EMU's operating time goes by, a large amount of dust accumulates on the surface of the point-type smoke detector, causing the detector's accuracy to decrease or easily misreporting the smoke and fire alarm, affecting the working stability of the smoke detector.

[0003] Currently, a single air gun direct spray cleaning method is used: the operator holds a compressed air gun and sprays air at the surface of each point-type smoke detector to remove dust. This cleaning method has the following problems:

[0004] First, the single-airgun, single-probe operation mode is extremely inefficient. During maintenance, dozens of probes must be cleaned one by one throughout the train, and only one set of probes can be cleaned in the same amount of time. This results in excessively long cleaning times per train, making it unsuitable for the high-density maintenance schedule of EMUs.

[0005] Secondly, if branch pipes are simply added, the gas flow rate will be significantly reduced due to the expansion of the cross-sectional area. The insufficient flow rate will cause the kinetic energy of the gas flow to decay, making it impossible to remove firmly attached dust, resulting in incomplete cleaning.

[0006] In addition, the airflow coverage diameter of the traditional straight nozzle is smaller than the probe size, and the edge area forms a cleaning blind spot, which requires manual repeated adjustment of the spray angle, further slowing down the progress of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a smoke detector cleaning device, which can realize the simultaneous cleaning of multiple groups of probes with a single air source, improve the cleaning efficiency, and at the same time ensure that the air flow velocity of each branch after diversion is consistent with the input flow velocity, avoid the attenuation of air flow kinetic energy caused by diversion, and ensure the dust removal ability.

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0009] A smoke detector cleaning device comprises an air inlet pipe, a reducer, and an air outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end being connected to an air source. The reducer has an air inlet and multiple air outlets, the air inlet of the reducer being connected to the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe. Each air outlet of the reducer is connected to the air inlet end of an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet ends of the air outlet pipes are used to clean the smoke detector. The air outlet ends of each air outlet pipe have the same diameter, and the number of air outlet pipes is equal to the square of the ratio of the air inlet diameter to the air outlet diameter of the air outlet pipe. This design ensures that the flow rate of each branch is consistent with the flow rate of the main pipe, avoiding the attenuation of airflow kinetic energy caused by diversion and resolving the problem of reduced dust removal caused by insufficient airflow velocity when cleaning multiple probes in parallel.

[0010] Optionally, the air inlet pipe is a straight pipe, and the air outlet pipe is a universal bamboo tube. The universal bamboo tube has a plurality of bamboo nodes along the axial direction, and adjacent bamboo nodes can rotate at a predetermined angle.

[0011] The unique structure of the universal bamboo tube makes it flexible in cleaning operations, allowing the outlet pipe to adjust its direction within a certain range to adapt to the cleaning needs of smoke probes in different positions and angles. There is no need for manual frequent and large-scale movement of the entire device, which improves the convenience and applicability of operation and further improves cleaning efficiency.

[0012] Optionally, a conical nozzle is provided at the end of the universal bamboo tube, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the conical nozzle gradually decreases along the direction of airflow.

[0013] When the airflow passes through the gradually narrowing inner cavity, the flow rate will increase accordingly, thereby forming a high-speed airflow at the air outlet, increasing the blowing force on the dust on the surface of the smoke sensor and improving the cleaning effect, especially for dust with strong adhesion, which can be more effectively peeled off the probe surface.

[0014] Optionally, the cleaning device further includes a hose, the number of the hose is the same as the number of the air outlet pipes, and the hose is connected between the reducer and the air outlet pipe.

[0015] In the narrow maintenance space of the EMU, the hose can bypass obstacles such as cables and brackets to achieve multi-branch parallel cleaning.

[0016] Optionally, the cleaning device further comprises a gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank, the gas outlet end of the hose is connected to the gas inlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank, and the gas outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank is connected to the gas inlet end of the gas outlet pipe.

[0017] When the maintenance gas source experiences an instantaneous pressure drop, the compressed gas in the storage tank is released to maintain branch pressure stability, preventing cleaning interruptions caused by sudden pressure changes.

[0018] Optionally, the ratio of the diameter of the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe to the diameter of the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe is two, the number of the air outlet pipes is four, and the reducing joint is a five-way joint including one air inlet and four air outlets.

[0019] This setting ensures that the flow rate of the airflow in each outlet pipe after the diversion is consistent with the flow rate of the input airflow, and fully utilizes the principles of the law of conservation of mass and the continuity equation, so that each outlet pipe can clean the smoke detector with the same airflow velocity and pressure, thereby realizing efficient simultaneous cleaning of multiple probes, effectively solving the problem of low one-to-one cleaning efficiency in the existing technology, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the cleaning effect.

[0020] Optionally, a guide sleeve is provided at the outlet end of the outlet pipe, wherein the guide sleeve has a cavity, wherein the cavity has an air inlet section and an air outlet section, a swirler is fixedly installed on the air inlet section of the cavity, and a rotating nozzle is rotatably installed on the air outlet section of the cavity, a spiral swirl blade is provided in the swirler, and a spiral drive blade is provided in the rotating nozzle, and the driving blade has the same rotation direction as the swirl blade.

[0021] The various components of the rotary drive unit work together to convert the linear motion of the airflow into rotary motion through the cooperation of the cyclone and the drive blades, so that the airflow finally ejected from the rotary nozzle forms a spiral air curtain, which expands the coverage of the airflow and enhances the dust removal effect on the surface of the smoke sensor. It can achieve more thorough cleaning, improve the cleaning quality, and reduce the time required for cleaning.

[0022] Optionally, the diameter of the cavity air inlet section is greater than the diameter of the cavity air outlet section.

[0023] The larger diameter of the air inlet section helps to introduce more airflow, while the smaller air outlet section accelerates the airflow, so that the airflow entering the rotating nozzle has higher kinetic energy, thereby enhancing the rotation speed of the rotating nozzle and the impact force of the ejected airflow, further improving the cleaning effect, and being able to more effectively peel off dust particles attached to the surface of the smoke sensor, ensuring thorough cleaning.

[0024] Optionally, the air inlet section of the cavity and the air outlet section of the cavity are eccentrically arranged.

[0025] This asymmetric impact generates a net torque on the drive blades, solving the low-pressure startup problem. The eccentric structure also increases the radial velocity component of the airflow, which combines with the tangential velocity of the guide vanes to form a spiral trajectory.

[0026] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for operating the smoke detector cleaning device as described above, comprising:

[0027] The compressed gas enters the guide vane and is converted into a pre-swirl flow with a tangential velocity component by the swirl blades evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0028] The pre-swirl airflow enters an eccentric chamber with an offset axis, and forms an asymmetric impingement airflow after being accelerated by the contraction of the chamber cross section;

[0029] The asymmetric impingement airflow acts on the driving blades in the rotating nozzle, driving the rotating nozzle to rotate around its axis;

[0030] The rotating nozzle emits the airflow at a continuously changing angle, so that the output airflow forms a spiral air curtain with a spatial spiral trajectory, covering the surface of the smoke probe.

[0031] During the rotation process, the rotating nozzle ejects the airflow at a continuously changing angle, so that the output airflow forms a spiral air curtain with a spatial spiral trajectory, achieving all-round coverage and cleaning of the surface of the smoke probe, and effectively solving the problems of cleaning blind spots, incomplete edge cleaning and low cleaning efficiency in traditional cleaning methods. Through the spiral movement of the airflow, the cleaning efficiency is improved, the cleaning time is shortened, and the uniformity and thoroughness of cleaning are ensured.

[0032] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0033] 1. In the smoke detector cleaning device of the present invention, the air inlet pipe is used to connect to the air source to realize the input of compressed gas; the reducer is connected to the air inlet pipe through the air inlet, and the gas is diverted to each outlet pipe through multiple outlets. The outlet pipe finally guides the gas to the smoke detector for cleaning. The clean air flow is diverted by a one-to-many reducer, and wind energy is input at one end and output at multiple ends, so that multiple smoke detectors can be cleaned at the same time, which solves the problem of low efficiency of only one-to-one cleaning of smoke detectors and shortens the time for cleaning smoke detectors. At the same time, the diameter of the outlet end of each outlet pipe is the same, and the number of outlet pipes is the square of the ratio of the diameter of the air inlet end of the air outlet pipe to the diameter of the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe. Based on the flow formula Q=vA in fluid mechanics (flow rate equals flow velocity multiplied by the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe), when the flow rate Q is constant, the flow velocity v is inversely proportional to the square of the pipe radius r. Through this design, the air flow rate out of each outlet pipe can be made the same as the air flow rate input into the inlet pipe while ensuring that the gas flow rate remains unchanged, solving the problem of reduced flow rate and decreased cleaning ability caused by air flow diversion. It ensures that the air flow rate of each branch after diversion is consistent with the input flow rate, avoids the attenuation of air flow kinetic energy caused by diversion, and ensures the dust removal ability.

[0034] 2. The flow rate is self-balanced by coordinating the ratio of the inlet and outlet pipe diameters and the number of branches, eliminating the need for additional components such as regulating valves. It maintains zero-maintenance stable operation in fluctuating gas source pressure and high dust environments, taking into account efficiency, cost and reliability.

[0035] 3. Through the three-level coupling of the deflector (swirl blade), eccentric chamber, and rotating nozzle (driving blade), the airflow velocity vector is synthesized to form a spiral air curtain (not simple scattering), which expands the effective area of ​​the airflow, reduces the cleaning blind spot, achieves zero blind spot cleaning, and greatly improves the cleaning efficiency of the vehicle smoke detector.

[0036] 4. The swirl blades impart tangential velocity, and the eccentric chamber strengthens the impact torque, driving the blades to convert energy, thus resolving the contradiction between low-pressure starting and efficient energy conversion. It can start reliably at 0.18MPa and adapt to fluctuations in the maintenance air source.

[0037] Additional advantages of the present invention will be given in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some of the embodiments described in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort. In addition, the spacing or size between components is exaggerated to show the position of each component, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0039] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the cleaning device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a reducer provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the air outlet pipe provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the swirl structure provided by Example 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure: 1, air inlet pipe; 2, reducer; 3, hose; 4, gas pressure storage tank; 5, air outlet pipe; 6, guide sleeve; 61, air inlet section; 62, air outlet section; 7, cyclone; 71, swirl blade; 8, bearing; 9, rotary nozzle; 91, drive blade; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to further illustrate the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] The single-airgun, single-probe operation model is inefficient. Simply adding branch lines will reduce branch flow velocity, causing the airflow's kinetic energy to decay quadratically. This makes it impossible to remove strongly adherent dust particles, leaving dust residue on some probes. Furthermore, uneven branch flow velocities will result in inconsistent cleaning results, forcing manual rework or additional cleaning, increasing cleaning time per vehicle and completely negating the advantages of parallel operation.

[0047] Based on this, this embodiment proposes a cleaning device for EMU smoke detectors, which can simultaneously clean the surfaces of multiple groups of point smoke detectors, and can complete the surface cleaning of point smoke detectors with multiple times the construction efficiency within the same construction time, saving the time consumed in the maintenance of EMU smoke detectors and improving construction efficiency.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the cleaning device includes an air inlet pipe 1, a reducer 2 and an air outlet pipe 5; the air inlet pipe 1 has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air inlet end is used to connect to the air source; the reducer 2 has an air inlet and several air outlets, the air inlet of the reducer 2 is connected to the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe 1, and each air outlet of the reducer 2 is connected to the air inlet end of the air outlet pipe 5, and the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe 5 is used to clean the smoke detector; the diameter of the air outlet end of each air outlet pipe 5 is the same, and the number of air outlet pipes 5 is the square of the ratio of the diameter of the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 1 to the diameter of the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe 5.

[0049] The air inlet pipe 1 serves as the airflow input channel, and its air inlet end is connected to the air source, providing the power source for the entire cleaning device. The reducer 2 is a diversion component. The air inlet of the reducer 2 is connected to the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe 1, and multiple air outlets are respectively connected to the air outlet pipes 5 to achieve airflow diversion. The air outlet end of the air outlet pipe 5 is used to directly align with the smoke detector for cleaning operations. The various components work together, the air inlet pipe 1 introduces the air source, the reducer 2 accurately diverts the air, and the air outlet pipe 5 directs the airflow to the detector. Together, they solve the problem of low one-to-one cleaning efficiency, realize the simultaneous cleaning of multiple probes, and improve construction efficiency.

[0050] The diameters of the outlet ends of the outlet pipes 5 are the same, and the number m of the outlet pipes 5 is determined based on the square of the ratio n of the diameter of the inlet end of the inlet pipe 1 to the diameter of the outlet end of the outlet pipe 5, so that the flow velocity of each branch is consistent with the flow velocity of the main pipe, ensuring that the airflow velocity of each outlet pipe 5 is maintained after diversion, avoiding the attenuation of the airflow kinetic energy caused by diversion, and solving the problem of decreased dust stripping force caused by insufficient airflow velocity when multiple probes are cleaned in parallel.

[0051] The air inlet pipe 1 is a straight pipe, and the air outlet pipe 5 is a universal bamboo tube. The universal bamboo tube has a plurality of bamboo nodes along the axial direction, and adjacent bamboo nodes can rotate at a predetermined angle.

[0052] The inlet pipe 1 is a straight-through pipe with a simple structure, ensuring smooth gas flow and reducing airflow losses. The outlet pipe 5 is a universal bamboo-jointed pipe, with multiple axial joints that can be rotated to predetermined angles. This allows the outlet pipe 5 to be flexibly adjusted in direction and position, making it easier for operators to align the outlet end of the outlet pipe 5 with various parts of the smoke detector. Compared with traditional fixed pipes, this greatly improves the comprehensiveness and convenience of cleaning, further enhancing the cleaning effect. In terms of material selection, the universal bamboo-jointed pipe can be made of materials with a certain degree of flexibility and strength, such as engineering plastics, to ensure its rotational flexibility and durability.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, a conical nozzle is provided at the end of the universal bamboo tube, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the conical nozzle gradually decreases along the airflow direction.

[0054] The tapered nozzle at the end of the universal bamboo tube has an inner diameter that gradually decreases along the direction of airflow. According to the principles of fluid mechanics, the gas velocity accelerates as it passes through the gradually shrinking channel, ensuring the impact of the airflow, thereby more effectively removing dust particles that adhere strongly to the surface of the smoke sensor, solving the problem of incomplete cleaning. In conjunction with the universal bamboo tube, this further enhances the cleaning effect of the smoke sensor. In actual applications, you can also try tapered nozzles with different tapers to optimize the airflow acceleration effect.

[0055] The cleaning device further includes a hose 3 , the number of the hose 3 is the same as the number of the air outlet pipes 5 , and the hose 3 is connected between the reducer 2 and the air outlet pipe 5 .

[0056] The cleaning device is equipped with additional hoses 3, and the number is the same as the air outlet pipe 5 and is connected between the reducer 2 and the air outlet pipe 5. The hose 3 has a certain flexibility and can better adapt to the internal space layout of the cleaning device compared to rigid connecting pipes, facilitating the installation and connection of various components; at the same time, during the cleaning process, the hose 3 can flexibly deform with the movement of the air outlet pipe 5, reducing the operational inconvenience caused by the rigid connection of the pipe, making the overall operation of the cleaning device smoother, helping to improve cleaning efficiency, and working in conjunction with other components to ensure the stable operation of the cleaning device. In terms of material selection, a hose 3 made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rubber or silicone can be selected to adapt to the cleaning environment. Other flexible connection structures, such as bellows, can also be used.

[0057] In other embodiments, the cleaning device further includes a gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank 4 , the outlet end of the hose 3 is connected to the air inlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank 4 , and the air outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank 4 is connected to the air inlet end of the outlet pipe 5 .

[0058] Add a gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank 4, connect the outlet end of the hose 3 to its inlet, and connect the outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank 4 to the inlet end of the outlet pipe 5. The gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank 4 stabilizes and stores the compressed gas entering the outlet pipe 5. The gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank 4 has a cavity. When the gas source pressure fluctuates, the cavity volume creates a gas-volume effect, ensuring a stable pressure at the outlet pipe 5. This prevents variations in cleaning effectiveness caused by unstable air pressure, thereby ensuring consistent and reliable cleaning of the smoke detector. In practical applications, other pressure-stabilizing devices, such as a pressure-stabilizing valve, may also be used.

[0059] The ratio of the diameter of the inlet end of the inlet pipe 1 to the diameter of the outlet end of the outlet pipe 5 is 2, the number of the outlet pipes 5 is four, and the reducer 2 is a five-way connector (such as Figure 2 As shown), it includes an air inlet and four air outlets. Specifically in this embodiment, the diameter of the straight pipe is 16mm, the diameter of the hose 3 is 16mm, and the diameter of the universal bamboo tube outlet is 8mm.

[0060] Through this precise structural design, one gas source input is transformed into four outputs, and the air flow rate of the four branches is guaranteed to be consistent. Four sets of point smoke probes can be surface cleaned at the same time. Compared with the existing technology that can only clean one probe at a time, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the time consumed in the inspection and maintenance of the smoke probes on the EMU is saved. At the same time, the five-way joint has a simple structure and reliable connection, which is convenient for the assembly and maintenance of the cleaning device.

[0061] According to the law of conservation of mass: ignoring other factors, the mass of the input gas equals the sum of the mass of the output gas. The inner diameter of the universal bamboo tube is (1 / 2) that of the straight tube. In the pipeline, according to the continuity equation, for a steadily flowing incompressible gas, the flow rate is constant. The flow rate (Q) is equal to the flow velocity (v) multiplied by the cross-sectional area (A) of the pipe, that is, Q = vA. The cross-sectional area A of the pipe is related to the pipe diameter d. Therefore, when the flow rate Q is constant, the flow velocity v is inversely proportional to the square of the pipe radius r. Reducing the diameter of the universal bamboo tube to half that of the straight tube will quadruple the original flow rate while keeping the flow rate constant. Using this principle, a Φ16 diameter straight tube is connected to four Φ8 diameter universal bamboo tubes. When diverting high-pressure gas, the single high-pressure airflow source is evenly distributed into four separate channels. According to Q = vA, when the inner diameter of the pipe is reduced by half, the airflow velocity out of the universal bamboo tube is the same as that of the straight tube.

[0062] By utilizing the structural characteristics of the five-way reducer 2, the internal cross-dividing point divides the output port into four equal parts, stably distributing the compressed air source to the four working branches. With the four branches, multiple smoke detectors can be cleaned at the same time, which improves the working efficiency.

[0063] In summary, by rationally applying the law of conservation of mass in fluid mechanics, we can address the issues of reduced air pressure and flow velocity caused by diversion. This ensures that the operating air velocity of each branch is consistent with the input air velocity. By simultaneously and centrally cleaning multiple smoke detectors, we can improve the efficiency of smoke detector cleaning. This principle, while maintaining the law of conservation of mass, allows for unlimited branching, significantly improving work efficiency. Furthermore, the operation steps are simple, the system is quick to learn, and highly practical.

[0064] In addition, the existing process requires the use of compressed air guns to clean the probe surfaces. Smoke sensors are distributed across distribution cabinets, box rooms, and toilets. During maintenance, these sensors must be disassembled one by one and then restored after cleaning. This results in frequent workstation changes and low construction efficiency. This device allows for fixed workstations per vehicle, eliminating frequent workstation changes and improving EMU maintenance efficiency.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The straight nozzle airflow has a narrow coverage range and cannot effectively cover the edge of the point smoke probe, resulting in incomplete cleaning and the need for manual repeated adjustment of the angle, which reduces cleaning efficiency.

[0067] Based on this, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a swirl structure is provided at the tail end of the air outlet pipe 5, such as Figure 4As shown, the outlet end of the outlet pipe 5 is provided with a guide sleeve 6, and the guide sleeve 6 has a cavity therein. The cavity has an air inlet section 61 and an air outlet section 62. The air inlet section 61 of the cavity is fixedly installed with a swirler 7, and the air outlet section 62 of the cavity is rotatably installed with a rotating nozzle 9. The swirler 7 is provided with a spiral swirl blade 71, and the rotating nozzle 9 is provided with a spiral drive blade 91. The rotation direction of the drive blade 91 is the same as that of the swirl blade 71.

[0068] The guide sleeve 6 is provided at the outlet end of the outlet pipe 5, and the swirler 7 and rotating nozzle 9 are installed in its internal cavity. The spiral swirl blades 71 in the swirler 7 can convert the straight airflow into a pre-swirl airflow, providing the initial conditions for the subsequent rotation of the rotating nozzle 9. The spiral driving blades 91 in the rotating nozzle 9 have the same rotation direction as the swirl blades 71. After the pre-swirl airflow enters the guide sleeve 6, it can better interact with the driving blades 91, converting the kinetic energy of the airflow into mechanical energy, driving the rotating nozzle 9 to rotate. After the rotating nozzle 9 rotates, the ejected airflow can form a spatial spiral trajectory. Compared with the traditional straight nozzle, the effective area of ​​the airflow is expanded, the cleaning blind spot is reduced, the cleaning efficiency and cleaning effect of the smoke detector are improved, and the problem of incomplete cleaning and low efficiency of the existing straight nozzle is solved. In terms of blade design, different parameters such as spiral angle and number of blades can be tried to optimize the airflow conversion and driving effect.

[0069] Furthermore, the diameter of the cavity air inlet section 61 is greater than the diameter of the cavity air outlet section 62 .

[0070] According to the principles of fluid mechanics, when gas passes through a converging channel, its flow velocity increases and its dynamic pressure rises. Therefore, this structure further accelerates the pre-swirling airflow entering the guide sleeve 6, enhancing the airflow's impact on the drive blades 91. This more effectively drives the rotating nozzle 9, increasing its rotational speed and, in turn, enhancing the spiral trajectory of the airflow, thus strengthening its cleaning capabilities. Working in conjunction with the swirler 7 and rotating nozzle 9, it further improves cleaning efficiency and effectiveness. In actual design, the diameter difference between the inlet section 61 and the outlet section 62 can be adjusted according to specific needs to optimize the airflow acceleration effect.

[0071] Furthermore, the air inlet section 61 of the cavity and the air outlet section 62 of the cavity are eccentrically arranged.

[0072] The eccentric arrangement of the air inlet section 61 and the air outlet section 62 of the cavity creates an asymmetric impact of the airflow within the guide sleeve 6. Compared to a symmetrical structure, this asymmetric impact can generate greater torque, solving the problem of low-pressure starting. Even at relatively low air pressures, it can reliably drive the rotating nozzle 9 to rotate, adapting to fluctuations in the maintenance air source. At the same time, the asymmetric impact makes the airflow drive the rotating nozzle 9 more stable, helping to maintain the continuous rotation of the rotating nozzle 9, ensuring the stability of the cleaning process and the consistency of the cleaning effect. In conjunction with other structures, it achieves the goal of efficiently cleaning the smoke detector in a low-pressure environment. If a symmetrical structure is used, it may not be able to effectively drive the rotating nozzle 9 under low pressure conditions, affecting the cleaning effect.

[0073] The guide sleeve 6 is threaded onto the outlet end of the bamboo tube. Made of aluminum alloy (6061-T6), it features an eccentric chamber with an inlet section 61 measuring 12mm in diameter and an outlet section 62 measuring 10mm in diameter, with an axial eccentricity of 1.5mm. The chamber contracts, accelerating the airflow. The eccentric structure also generates an asymmetric impact force, addressing the low-pressure startup issue.

[0074] The deflector is press-fitted on the air inlet section 61 of the driving component, with an outer diameter of Φ12mm and a thickness of 5mm. It has circumferentially uniformly distributed swirl blades 71 inside, with a blade inclination angle of 45°, a height of 3mm, and a thickness of 0.8mm. The swirl blades 71 of the deflector convert the straight airflow into a pre-swirl airflow (the ratio of tangential velocity to axial velocity ≥1.2), thereby breaking the symmetry of the airflow, providing an effective angle of attack for the driving blades 91, and solving the problem of zero resultant torque of the straight airflow.

[0075] The rotating nozzle 9 is rotatably mounted on the outlet section 62 of the deflector via a bearing 8. A drive blade 91 (rotating in the same direction as the swirl blade 71) is installed within the rotating nozzle 9. The drive blade 91 has a curvature radius of 2 mm, a blade root thickness of 1.2 mm, and a mounting angle of 25°. The drive blade 91 converts the kinetic energy of the airflow into mechanical energy, thereby driving the rotating nozzle 9, achieving self-propelled rotation without external energy.

[0076] The bearing 8 is made of zirconia ceramic bearing 8 and filled with graphite sealing ring to adapt to the dust environment of the cleaning process and ensure a service life of 6000 hours.

[0077] Working principle:

[0078] Compressed gas enters the guide vane 71, where it is deflected by the 45-degree swirl blades 71, generating tangential velocity and pre-swirl airflow. The pre-swirl airflow enters the eccentric chamber, where its cross-sectional contraction and axis offset increase its dynamic pressure. Furthermore, it asymmetrically impacts the drive blades 91, generating a net starting torque that rotates the rotating nozzle 9. The rotation of the rotating nozzle 9, combined with the angle of the drive blades 91 within the rotating nozzle 9, creates a composite velocity for the airflow. The composite velocity's direction continuously changes, forming a spatial spiral trajectory for the airflow.

[0079] Compared with traditional straight nozzles

[0080] index Traditional straight nozzle The nozzle of this embodiment Improvement Clean coverage diameter About 10mm About 25mm About 150% Edge cleaning rate About 65% About 96% About 47.7% 0.2MPa start Unavailable 100% success - Single probe cleaning time-consuming About 35 seconds About 12 seconds About 65.7%

[0081] Through the three-stage coupling of the deflector (swirl blade 71), the eccentric chamber, and the rotating nozzle 9 (driving blade 91), the air flow velocity vector is synthesized to form a spiral air curtain, which is not a simple scattering, achieving zero blind spot cleaning, and the residual dust in the blind spot is less than 0.1mg / cm 2 The swirl blades 71 impart tangential velocity, the eccentric chamber strengthens the impact torque, and the drive blades 91 convert energy, resolving the contradiction between low-pressure starting and efficient energy conversion. 0.18MPa reliable starting is available, adapting to fluctuations in the maintenance air source.

[0082] The formation of a spiral cyclone expands the effective area of ​​the airflow, reduces the cleaning blind area, and greatly improves the cleaning efficiency of the vehicle smoke detector.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] This embodiment provides a working method of the smoke detector cleaning device as described in Example 2, including:

[0085] The compressed gas enters the deflector and is converted into a pre-swirl airflow with a tangential velocity component by the circumferentially evenly distributed swirl blades 71; the pre-swirl airflow enters the eccentric chamber with an offset axis and is accelerated by the chamber cross-section to form an asymmetric impact airflow; the asymmetric impact airflow acts on the driving blades 91 in the rotating nozzle 9, driving the rotating nozzle 9 to rotate around its axis; the rotating nozzle 9 ejects the airflow at a continuously changing angle, so that the output airflow forms a spiral air curtain with a spatial spiral trajectory, covering the surface of the smoke sensor probe.

[0086] First, compressed gas passes through the swirl blades 71 of the guide device to form a pre-swirl flow, providing the basis for subsequent rotary drive. Next, the pre-swirl flow increases dynamic pressure and forms an asymmetric impact in the eccentric chamber due to cross-sectional contraction and axis offset. The asymmetric impact flow then acts on the driving blades 91 of the rotating nozzle 9, achieving self-driven rotation of the rotating nozzle 9. Finally, the airflow ejected from the rotating nozzle 9 forms a spiral air curtain with a spatial spiral trajectory, which comprehensively cleans the smoke detector. This series of steps is closely coordinated, and the various components work together to convert the kinetic energy of the airflow into mechanical energy to drive the rotating nozzle 9 to rotate, changing the airflow ejection angle and trajectory. Compared with traditional straight nozzle cleaning methods, this expands the airflow coverage, reduces cleaning blind spots, improves cleaning efficiency and cleaning results, and solves the problems of incomplete cleaning and low efficiency in existing technologies. At the same time, it achieves reliable operation at lower air pressures, adapts to different air source conditions, and improves the applicability and stability of the cleaning device.

[0087] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smoke probe cleaning device, characterized in that: include: Inlet pipe, reducer and outlet pipe; The air inlet pipe has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air inlet end is used to connect to an air source; The reducer has an air inlet and a plurality of air outlets. The air inlet of the reducer is connected to the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe. Each air outlet of the reducer is connected to the air inlet end of the air outlet pipe. The air outlet end of the air outlet pipe is used to clean the smoke detector. The diameters of the outlet ends of each outlet pipe are the same, and the number of outlet pipes is the square of the ratio of the diameter of the inlet end of the inlet pipe to the diameter of the outlet end of the outlet pipe.

2. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe is a straight-through pipe, and the air outlet pipe is a universal bamboo-jointed pipe. The universal bamboo-jointed pipe has a plurality of bamboo joints along the axial direction, and adjacent bamboo joints can rotate at a predetermined angle.

3. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A conical nozzle is provided at the end of the universal bamboo tube, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the conical nozzle gradually decreases along the airflow direction.

4. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning device further comprises a hose, the number of which is the same as the number of the air outlet pipes, and the hose is connected between the reducer and the air outlet pipe.

5. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning device also includes a gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank, the gas outlet end of the hose is connected to the gas inlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank, and the gas outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing storage tank is connected to the gas inlet end of the gas outlet pipe.

6. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe to the diameter of the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe is two, the number of the air outlet pipes is four, and the reducing joint is a five-way joint including one air inlet and four air outlets.

7. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the outlet pipe is provided with a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve has a cavity therein, the cavity has an air inlet section and an air outlet section, the air inlet section of the cavity is fixedly installed with a swirler, the air outlet section of the cavity is rotatably installed with a rotating nozzle, the swirler is provided with a spiral swirl blade, the rotating nozzle is provided with a spiral drive blade, and the driving blade has the same rotation direction as the swirl blade.

8. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the cavity air inlet section is greater than the diameter of the cavity air outlet section.

9. The smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air inlet section of the cavity and the air outlet section of the cavity are eccentrically arranged.

10. A method for operating the smoke detector cleaning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: include: The compressed gas enters the guide vane and is converted into a pre-swirl flow with a tangential velocity component by the swirl blades evenly distributed around the circumference. The pre-swirl airflow enters an eccentric chamber with an offset axis, and forms an asymmetric impingement airflow after being accelerated by the contraction of the chamber cross section; The asymmetric impingement airflow acts on the driving blades in the rotating nozzle, driving the rotating nozzle to rotate around its axis; The rotating nozzle emits the airflow at a continuously changing angle, so that the output airflow forms a spiral air curtain with a spatial spiral trajectory, covering the surface of the smoke probe.

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