Installation method of ship anchor windlass

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship installation, and discloses a ship anchor windlass installation method which comprises the steps that the center line L1 of a ship body is determined, and the installation position A of an anchor windlass, the center line L2 of the anchor windlass, the center of a chain wheel in the anchor windlass and the center line L3 of an anchor pawl are determined through a construction drawing; determining the positions of a hawse hole and a hawse pipe by using a total station, measuring related data of a center line L2 of an anchor windlass, the center of a chain wheel and a center line L3 of an anchor catch, and importing the related data into drawing software for processing; s200, determining a reference center line of an anchor windlass and a reference center line of a ship body in drawing software according to a hawse hole and a hawse pipe, marking an actual deviation value at a corresponding measurement point by combining the measurement data in the step S200, and drawing an installation reference lineation map; and marking on the ship body according to the installation reference marking map. The anchor chain hole and the hawse pipe are used as the benchmark to draw the installation benchmark line drawing, so that on the premise that the anchor chain can be smoothly discharged and recycled, the installation precision is improved, and the inspection efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship installation, and in particular to a method for installing a ship anchor winch. Background Art

[0002] In ships, after the main deck of the hull is formed, anchoring equipment such as anchor windlasses, anchor locks, anchor chains and other structures need to be installed on the deck. At present, the installation of anchoring equipment is usually based on the center line and rib line of the deck surface, and after the anchor windlass seat and other structures are fully converted on the coordinate system of the hull, the installation position of the anchoring equipment is marked at an appropriate position on the deck surface. However, when considering the installation position of the anchor windlass based on the center line and rib line of the deck, the anchor chain hole, anchor lock and anchor windlass seat are not comprehensively considered, resulting in various deviations in the actual installation process, causing certain problems in the delivery and recovery of the anchor chain, which has a greater negative impact on the subsequent inspection work. Therefore, how to ensure that the anchor chain can be smoothly delivered and recovered and the installation accuracy of the anchoring equipment is improved, and how to effectively speed up the inspection work is a problem that people in this field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing a ship anchor winch, so as to ensure that the anchor chain can be smoothly unloaded and recovered, and the installation accuracy of the anchoring equipment is improved, and the inspection work is effectively accelerated.

[0004] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for installing a ship anchor winch, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S100, determining the centerline L1 of the hull, and using the construction drawing to determine the installation position A of the anchor winch, the centerline L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch, and the centerline L3 of the anchor stopper;

[0007] S200, using a total station to determine the position of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel, and to measure the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket, and the center line L3 of the anchor stopper, and import the relevant data into the drawing software for processing;

[0008] S300, determining the reference centerline of the anchor winch and the reference centerline of the hull based on the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel in the drawing software, marking the actual deviation values ​​at the corresponding measurement points based on the measurement data in step S200, and drawing the installation reference line drawing;

[0009] S400: Marking on the hull according to the installation reference marking diagram.

[0010] Optionally, step S100 includes:

[0011] S110. Mark the centerline L1 of the hull and locate the rib position line. Locate the installation position A of the anchor winch according to the construction drawing and mark the installation line, inspection line, and auxiliary installation line of the anchor winch.

[0012] S120. Taking the center line L1 of the hull as a reference, mark the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch, and the center line L3 of the anchor stopper at the corresponding rib position lines.

[0013] As an option, the angle between the center line L2 of the anchor winch and the center line L1 of the hull is set to 30°.

[0014] Optionally, the angle between the center line L3 of the anchor and the center line L1 of the hull is set to 60°.

[0015] Optionally, step S200 includes:

[0016] S210, using a total station and a three-point circle centering method to determine the positions of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel;

[0017] S220, using a total station to measure the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the anchor winch sprocket, the center line L3 of the anchor stopper, the inspection line, and the auxiliary installation line;

[0018] S230. Store the measurement data of the total station and import it into the drawing software for processing.

[0019] Optionally, step S300 includes:

[0020] S310, after coordinate processing of the measurement data in step S200 in the drawing software, the centers of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel are marked using the three-point circle centering method, and the line connecting the centers of the two is used as the original installation reference line;

[0021] S320, taking the center line of the anchor chain barrel as a reference, and when the anchor winch is at an offset end value, determining the reference center line of the anchor winch and the reference center line of the hull;

[0022] S330 , combining the measurement data in step S200 to mark actual deviation values ​​at corresponding measurement points to draw an installation reference line diagram.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes:

[0024] S500. Install each support frame of the anchor winch on the deck of the bow section according to the markings, and ensure that the flatness of the base surface of each support frame is controlled within the same range;

[0025] S600, install the anchor winch on each support frame and debug it;

[0026] S700. Determine the position, height, and inclination of the chain stopper based on the coordinates on the reference line drawing and the cable between the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch and the center of the anchor chain barrel.

[0027] Optionally, step S500 includes:

[0028] S510. Take the top surface of the bow deck as the reference plane, install a steel wire parallel to the reference plane above the deck, and use the height between the steel wire and the reference plane as the height reference;

[0029] S520. Install each support frame of the anchor winch on the deck according to the markings and below the steel wire. The heights between the base surface of each support frame and the steel wire are D1, D2, D3...D1', respectively, satisfying D1≌D2≌D3≌D1', and the flatness of the base surface of each support frame is less than 1 / 1000.

[0030] Optionally, step S600 includes:

[0031] S610. Clear the hoisting of the anchor winch and adjust the relative position and height dimensions between the anchor winch base and each support frame. After ensuring that the main shaft of the anchor winch is driven along the same horizontal line and the thickness of the gasket, coupling, and the gap between the shaft and bearing contact surface meet the requirements of the construction drawing, secure the anchor winch.

[0032] S620. Mark the screw hole position numbers on the base of the anchor winch and each support frame on the gasket surface of the movable gasket, mark the position of the anchor winch after fixing, and then debug.

[0033] Optionally, step S700 includes:

[0034] S710. Determine the position, height, and inclination of the chain stopper based on the coordinates on the installation reference line drawing and the center line between the sprocket of the anchor winch and the center of the anchor chain barrel as a reference, so as to place the chain stopper.

[0035] S720: Check whether the anchor chain is biting or stuck during retraction and retraction. If not, fix the chain stopper. If so, adjust the position of the chain stopper until the problem is resolved and then fix the chain stopper.

[0036] S730. After the chain stopper positioning inspection, electric welding, NDT and post-weld inspection shall be carried out as required.

[0037] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0038] In the present invention, the center line of the hull is first used as a reference, and the position and relevant data of the structures such as the anchor winch, anchor chain hole, and anchor chain barrel are confirmed, measured and stored in combination with the total station. The data is then imported into the drawing software for coordinate processing. Then, the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel are used as references again to deduce the position and relevant data of the anchor winch, hull and other structures, thereby obtaining the installation drawings under the two references with deviations. Therefore, after the actual deviation values ​​are marked at the corresponding measurement points of the total station, the drawings with the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel as the reference are mainly used, and the drawings with the center line of the hull as the reference are supplemented to complete the drawing of the installation reference line drawing, so as to draw lines on the hull, and make corresponding fine adjustments or further processing according to the size of the deviation values. In summary, by comprehensively considering the structures such as the anchor chain hole, anchor winch, and anchor chain barrel to formulate a line drawing, it is possible to ensure that the anchor chain can be smoothly unloaded and recovered, and also make the installation accuracy of the anchoring equipment higher and the inspection efficiency faster. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of actual marking in the method for installing a ship anchor winch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the actual installation of the ship anchor winch installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a support frame in a method for installing a ship anchor winch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation of an anchor winch in a method for installing an anchor winch for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the winch installation in the ship anchor winch installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the picture:

[0045] 100-bow section; 101-deck; 102-steel wire; 200-support frame; 210-engine base; 220-rib; 230-web; 201-engine base surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, mechanical or electrical connections, direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0049] The technical solution of this embodiment will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0050] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for installing a ship anchor winch, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] S100, determining the centerline L1 of the hull, and using the construction drawing to determine the installation position A of the anchor winch, the centerline L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch, and the centerline L3 of the anchor stopper;

[0052] S200, using a total station to determine the position of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel, and to measure the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket, and the center line L3 of the anchor stopper, and import the relevant data into the drawing software for processing;

[0053] S300, determining the reference centerline of the anchor winch and the reference centerline of the hull based on the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel in the drawing software, marking the actual deviation values ​​at the corresponding measurement points based on the measurement data in step S200, and drawing the installation reference line drawing;

[0054] S400, marking the hull according to the installation reference marking diagram;

[0055] S500, installing each support frame 200 of the anchor winch on the deck 101 of the bow section 100 according to the markings, and ensuring that the flatness of the machine base surface 201 of each support frame 200 is controlled within the same range;

[0056] S600, installing the anchor winch on each support frame 200 and debugging;

[0057] S700. Determine the position, height, and inclination of the chain stopper based on the coordinates on the reference line drawing and the cable between the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch and the center of the anchor chain barrel.

[0058] Therefore, in this embodiment, the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel are mainly used to determine the installation reference, so as to further confirm the reference center line of the anchor winch and the reference center line of the hull, and then determine the installation position of other structures such as the anchor stopper and the chain stopper, so as to organically combine the anchor chain hole, the anchor winch and the anchor chain barrel, the anchor stopper and the chain stopper, and avoid using the hull center and rib position line as the installation reference. When confirming the installation of the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel, there will be certain problems in the chain delivery and recovery due to installation deviation, which will increase the difficulty of the inspection work and lengthen the cycle.

[0059] Specifically, step S100 includes:

[0060] S110. Mark the centerline L1 of the hull and locate the rib position line. Locate the installation position A of the anchor winch according to the construction drawing and mark the installation line, inspection line, and auxiliary installation line of the anchor winch.

[0061] S120. Taking the center line L1 of the hull as a reference, mark the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch, and the center line L3 of the anchor stopper at the corresponding rib position lines.

[0062] Optionally, in this embodiment, the angle between the centerline L2 of the anchor winch and the centerline L1 of the hull is set to 30°, and the angle between the centerline L3 of the anchor stopper and the centerline L1 of the hull is set to 60°. In other embodiments, the angle value can also be adjusted according to the actual needs of the anchor winch, which will not be described in detail here. Specifically, by setting the corresponding setting of the actual hull and the rib number, it can be ensured that when the installation reference marking diagram is subsequently formulated, the marking situation actually formulated based on the hull as the reference will be accurately corresponded to the marking situation formulated based on the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel as the reference in the drawing, thereby reflecting the installation deviation, so that the operator can make corresponding fine adjustments to the equipment based on the premise that the anchor chain can be smoothly unloaded and recovered. Specifically, in the case of smaller deviations, it can be ignored to improve installation efficiency; in the case of larger deviations, timely feedback to the relevant departments will be given for further processing according to the actual situation to ensure that the anchor chain can be used smoothly without affecting the subsequent centering operation between the hull and the anchor winch support frame 200.

[0063] Furthermore, step S200 includes:

[0064] S210, using a total station and a three-point circle centering method to determine the positions of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel;

[0065] S220, using a total station to measure the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the anchor winch sprocket, the center line L3 of the anchor stopper, the inspection line, and the auxiliary installation line;

[0066] S230. Store the measurement data of the total station and import it into the drawing software for processing.

[0067] For example, in this embodiment, the total station can be used to measure and calculate the positions of the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel when the center of the hull in the construction drawing is used as the reference, and the installation line, inspection line, auxiliary installation line, center line and position of the anchor winch related structure on the hull can be recorded and stored to ensure that when the installation reference line drawing is subsequently drawn using drawing software such as CAD, it can be compared with the actual situation and the deviation can be calculated.

[0068] Optionally, step S300 includes:

[0069] S310, after coordinate processing of the measurement data in step S200 in the drawing software, the centers of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel are marked using the three-point circle centering method, and the line connecting the centers of the two is used as the original installation reference line;

[0070] S320, taking the center line of the anchor chain barrel as a reference, and when the anchor winch is at an offset end value, determining the reference center line of the anchor winch and the reference center line of the hull;

[0071] S330 , combining the measurement data in step S200 to mark actual deviation values ​​at corresponding measurement points to draw an installation reference line diagram.

[0072] Specifically, by comparing the marking conditions made based on the hull and the marking conditions made based on the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel, it is possible to obtain the range of adjustment required for the smooth use of the priority anchor chain, and then make corresponding adjustments based on the actual deviation value. For example, when the anchor winch is at the offset end value, the reference center line of the anchor winch and the center line of the anchor chain barrel are perpendicular to each other, that is, the angle between the reference center line of the anchor winch and the center line of the anchor chain barrel is 90°, and the offset of the anchor winch is at the optimal state. Specifically, the reference center line of the anchor winch passes through the center of the anchor winch, and the reference center line of the hull can be determined accordingly. Therefore, the deviation value is marked at the coordinates of the measurement point recorded and imported into the drawing software for reference during marking and installation.

[0073] Specifically, step S500 includes:

[0074] S510, taking the top surface of the deck 101 of the bow section 100 as a reference plane, setting a steel wire 102 above the deck 101 parallel to the reference plane, and the height between the steel wire 102 and the reference plane as a height reference;

[0075] S520. Install each support frame 200 of the anchor winch on the deck 101 according to the markings and below the steel wire 102. The heights between the machine base surface 201 of each support frame 200 and the steel wire 102 are D1, D2, D3...D1', respectively, satisfying D1≌D2≌D3≌D1', and the flatness of the machine base surface 201 of each support frame 200 is less than 1 / 1000.

[0076] For example, in this embodiment, the support frame 200 includes a base 210, ribs 220 and webs 230, and the ribs 220 and webs 230 are cross-arranged below the base 210 to ensure the stable installation of the base 210 and enable the base surface 201 on the top of the base 210 to be parallel to the top surface of the deck 101, thereby ensuring the flatness of the base surface 201. Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, accordingly, each support frame 200 is installed as shown in the figure, and its placement position is confirmed according to the corresponding node, so as to achieve stable and accurate installation of the anchor winch. For example, in this embodiment, the anchor winch includes an anchor winch and a winch, wherein Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the anchor windlass support frame 200. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of the support frame 200 of the winch.

[0077] Furthermore, step S600 includes:

[0078] S610. Clear the hoisting of the anchor winch and adjust the relative position and height between the base of the anchor winch and each support frame 200. After ensuring that the main shaft of the anchor winch is driven along the same horizontal line and the thickness of the gasket, the coupling, and the gap between the shaft and the bearing contact surface meet the requirements of the construction drawing, fix the anchor winch;

[0079] S620, mark the screw hole position numbers on the base of the anchor winch and each support frame 200 on the gasket surface of the movable gasket, mark the position of the anchor winch after fixing, and then debug.

[0080] Specifically, during installation, attention must be paid to the alignment and height of each reference, as well as the height of the windlass' sprocket disc, to ensure the windlass can be stably and accurately installed on the support frame 200 and to ensure smooth operation of the chain. For example, the screw holes for installation on the windlass base and each support frame 200 are numbered, and their corresponding position numbers are marked on the gasket surface of the movable gasket to ensure precise alignment during installation.

[0081] Specifically, step S700 includes:

[0082] S710. Determine the position, height, and inclination of the chain stopper based on the coordinates on the installation reference line drawing and the center line between the sprocket of the anchor winch and the center of the anchor chain barrel as a reference, so as to place the chain stopper.

[0083] S720: Check whether the anchor chain is biting or stuck during retraction and retraction. If not, fix the chain stopper. If so, adjust the position of the chain stopper until the problem is resolved and then fix the chain stopper.

[0084] S730. After the chain stopper positioning inspection, electric welding, NDT and post-weld inspection shall be carried out as required.

[0085] Furthermore, after the positioning inspection and post-weld inspection, the verification process needs to be repeatedly strengthened so that modifications can be made in a timely manner according to requirements if the deviation exceeds the preset range.

[0086] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing a ship anchor winch, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, determining the centerline L1 of the hull, and using the construction drawing to determine the installation position A of the anchor winch, the centerline L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch, and the centerline L3 of the anchor stopper; S200, using a total station to determine the position of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel, and to measure the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket, and the center line L3 of the anchor stopper, and import the relevant data into the drawing software for processing; S300, determining the reference centerline of the anchor winch and the reference centerline of the hull based on the anchor chain hole and the anchor chain barrel in the drawing software, marking the actual deviation values ​​at the corresponding measurement points based on the measurement data in step S200, and drawing the installation reference line drawing; S400: Marking on the hull according to the installation reference marking diagram.

2. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 1, wherein: Step S100 includes: S110. Mark the centerline L1 of the hull and locate the rib position line. Locate the installation position A of the anchor winch according to the construction drawing and mark the installation line, inspection line, and auxiliary installation line of the anchor winch. S120. Taking the center line L1 of the hull as a reference, mark the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch, and the center line L3 of the anchor stopper at the corresponding rib position lines.

3. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 2, wherein: The angle between the center line L2 of the anchor winch and the center line L1 of the hull is set to 30°.

4. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 2, wherein: The angle between the center line L3 of the anchor and the center line L1 of the hull is set to 60°.

5. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 2, wherein: Step S200 includes: S210, using a total station and a three-point circle centering method to determine the positions of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel; S220, using a total station to measure the center line L2 of the anchor winch, the center of the anchor winch sprocket, the center line L3 of the anchor stopper, the inspection line, and the auxiliary installation line; S230. Store the measurement data of the total station and import it into the drawing software for processing.

6. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S300 includes: S310, after coordinate processing of the measurement data in step S200 in the drawing software, the centers of the anchor chain hole and anchor chain barrel are marked using the three-point circle centering method, and the line connecting the centers of the two is used as the original installation reference line; S320, taking the center line of the anchor chain barrel as a reference, and when the anchor winch is at an offset end value, determining the reference center line of the anchor winch and the reference center line of the hull; S330 , combining the measurement data in step S200 to mark actual deviation values ​​at corresponding measurement points to draw an installation reference line diagram.

7. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: S500, installing each support frame (200) of the anchor winch on the deck (101) of the bow section (100) according to the marking lines, and ensuring that the flatness of the machine base surface (201) of each support frame (200) is controlled within the same range; S600, installing the anchor winch on each support frame (200) and debugging; S700. Determine the position, height, and inclination of the chain stopper based on the coordinates on the reference line drawing and the cable between the center of the sprocket in the anchor winch and the center of the anchor chain barrel.

8. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S500 includes: S510, taking the top surface of the deck (101) of the bow section (100) as a reference plane, setting a steel wire (102) parallel to the reference plane above the deck (101), and the height between the steel wire (102) and the reference plane as a height reference; S520, each support frame (200) of the anchor winch is installed on the deck (101) according to the markings and is located below the steel wire (102), the heights between the machine base surface (201) of each support frame (200) and the steel wire (102) are D1, D2, D3...D1', respectively, satisfying D1≌D2≌D3≌D1', and the flatness of the machine base surface (201) of each support frame (200) is less than 1 / 1000.

9. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 7, wherein: Step S600 includes: S610, clear the hoisting of the anchor winch, and adjust the relative position and height between the base of the anchor winch and each support frame (200), and after ensuring that the main shaft of the anchor winch is driven along the same horizontal line and the thickness of the gasket, the coupling, and the gap between the shaft and the bearing contact surface all meet the requirements of the construction drawing, fix the anchor winch; S620, mark the screw hole position numbers on the base of the anchor winch and each support frame (200) on the gasket surface of the movable gasket, mark the position of the anchor winch after fixing, and then debug.

10. The method for installing a ship anchor winch according to claim 7, wherein: Step S700 includes: S710. Determine the position, height, and inclination of the chain stopper based on the coordinates on the installation reference line drawing and the center line between the sprocket of the anchor winch and the center of the anchor chain barrel as a reference, so as to place the chain stopper. S720: Check whether the anchor chain is biting or stuck during retraction and retraction. If not, fix the chain stopper. If so, adjust the position of the chain stopper until the problem is resolved and then fix the chain stopper. S730. After the chain stopper positioning inspection, electric welding, NDT and post-weld inspection shall be carried out as required.

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