Feces harmless treatment and energy conversion integrated device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feces treatment, particularly relates to a feces harmless treatment and energy conversion integrated device, and solves the problems of poor adaptability and low fermentation efficiency in the prior art. The feces fermenter is composed of a feces fermentation tank, a rotating shaft and a plurality of follow-up shafts which are circumferentially distributed at equal intervals, the rotating shaft and the follow-up shafts are rotationally installed in the feces fermentation tank, the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of first stirring shafts which are distributed at equal intervals, and the follow-up shafts are fixedly sleeved with a plurality of second stirring shafts which are distributed at equal intervals; the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are used for stirring fermentation of feces, through the arrangement of the crushing shaft, the transmission gear and other structures, the device can efficiently crush high-fiber feces raw materials, the material mixing uniformity is enhanced through differential stirring, the treatment requirements of feces with different water contents and components are met, and the compatibility of equipment to complex raw materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of manure and sewage treatment, and specifically to an integrated device for harmless manure and sewage treatment and energy conversion. Background Art

[0002] At present, the integrated device for harmless treatment and energy conversion of manure and sewage is a technical equipment that integrates manure and sewage treatment and resource utilization.

[0003] Amidst the growing scale of livestock and poultry farming and the demand for resourceful utilization of agricultural waste, traditional manure treatment technologies face multiple technical bottlenecks. Existing single-shaft agitated fermentation equipment often suffers from dead zones, leading to uneven mixing and prolonged fermentation cycles. The single rotational direction also easily causes fibrous materials to entangle with the shaft, increasing equipment failure rates. Furthermore, the pulverizing devices used in manure pretreatment often utilize a single-shaft crushing structure, which is poorly adapted to the high-humidity and high-fiber content of livestock and poultry manure. The blades easily adhere to the material, resulting in uneven particle size and directly impacting the efficiency of subsequent anaerobic fermentation. Regarding energy conversion, traditional systems suffer from insufficient utilization of waste heat. While biogas generated during fermentation can be burned for heating, heat loss in the tank can reach as high as 30%-40%, and waste heat from the biogas boiler exhaust is not recovered, resulting in energy waste. Furthermore, biogas discharge systems lack precise pressure control, often leading to gas leaks or equipment overpressure due to pressure fluctuations. Residue removal often relies on manual cleaning, which is labor-intensive and can damage the fermentation tank seal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated device for harmless treatment of manure and sewage and energy conversion, which solves the problems of poor adaptability and low fermentation efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated device for harmless treatment of manure and sewage and energy conversion, comprising a manure and sewage fermenter, and a pulverizer arranged on the manure and sewage fermenter;

[0006] The manure fermenter consists of a manure fermentation tank, a rotating shaft, and a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly distributed follower shafts. Both the rotating shaft and the follower shaft are rotatably mounted inside the manure fermentation tank. A plurality of equidistantly distributed first stirring shafts are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of equidistantly distributed second stirring shafts are fixedly sleeved on the follower shaft. The first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are used for stirring and fermenting manure.

[0007] The pulverizer consists of two pulverizing shafts, which are symmetrically arranged and rotatably installed inside the pulverizer. A number of equidistantly distributed pulverizing leaves are sleeved on the outer circumference of the pulverizing shafts.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotating motor is installed on the top of the manure fermentation tank, and the rotating motor is connected to the top of the rotating shaft through a coupling. The internal rotating installation of the manure fermentation tank is equipped with at least four straight shafts with uniform distribution of circumference. The outer circumferences of the straight shafts and the rotating shafts are jointly covered with a transmission belt. A number of evenly distributed active bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the straight shafts, and a follower bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the follower shaft, and the active bevel gear and the follower bevel gear are meshed with each other.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a half gear ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, and two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts are installed for internal rotation of the manure fermentation tank. A meshing gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, and the meshing gear and the half gear ring are meshed with each other. A blocking plate is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is provided on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a transmission motor is installed on the top of the crusher, and the transmission motor is connected to the output end of one of the crushing shafts through a coupling. Transmission gears are fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferences of the two crushing shafts, and the two transmission gears are engaged with each other.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the crusher is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged feed pipes, the feed pipes and the blocking plate are fitted together, and the top of the crusher is provided with a feed port.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an annular conduction pipe evenly distributed in an annular shape is provided inside the manure fermenter, and one end of the annular conduction pipe is fixedly connected to a heat conduction pipe.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air outlet pipe is provided on one side of the manure fermenter, and a pressure gauge is installed on the air outlet pipe.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the manure fermenter, and a ball valve is installed on the discharge pipe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention adopts the arrangement of crushing shaft, transmission gear and other structures, so that the device can efficiently crush high-fiber manure raw materials, and enhance the material mixing uniformity through differential stirring, adapting to the treatment requirements of manure with different moisture content and composition, and improving the compatibility of the equipment with complex raw materials.

[0017] 2. The present invention realizes precise control of feeding rhythm and fermentation temperature through the arrangement of half gear rings, meshing gears and other structures of the rotating shaft, utilizes waste heat from biogas to maintain a medium temperature environment and avoid system overload, significantly shortens the fermentation cycle, and improves energy utilization and gas production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the manure fermenter of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the rotary motor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged view of the mark A in FIG.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the pulverizer of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1, manure fermenter; 10, manure fermenter; 11, rotating motor; 111, rotating shaft; 112, first stirring shaft; 113, transmission belt; 114, half ring gear; 12, straight shaft; 121, driving bevel gear; 13, follower shaft; 131, follower bevel gear; 132, second stirring shaft; 14, rotating shaft; 141, meshing gear; 142, blocking plate; 143, torsion spring;

[0025] 2. Crusher; 21. Feeding pipe; 22. Transmission motor; 221. Crushing shaft; 222. Crushing blade; 223. Transmission gear; 23. Feeding port;

[0026] 3. Heat transfer tube; 31. Annular transfer tube;

[0027] 4. Exhaust pipe; 41. Pressure gauge;

[0028] 5. Discharge pipe; 51. Ball valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1-6 , a manure and sewage harmless treatment and energy conversion integrated device, comprising a manure and sewage fermenter 1, and a pulverizer 2 arranged on the manure and sewage fermenter 1;

[0031] The manure fermenter 1 comprises a manure fermentation tank 10, a rotating shaft 111, and a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly distributed follower shafts 13. The rotating shaft 111 and the follower shaft 13 are both rotatably mounted inside the manure fermentation tank 10. A plurality of equidistantly distributed first stirring shafts 112 are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 111, and a plurality of equidistantly distributed second stirring shafts 132 are fixedly sleeved on the follower shaft 13. The first stirring shafts 112 and the second stirring shafts 132 are used for stirring and fermenting manure.

[0032] The pulverizer 2 is composed of two pulverizing shafts 221 , which are symmetrically arranged and rotatably mounted inside the pulverizer 2 . A plurality of equidistantly distributed pulverizing blades 222 are sleeved on the outer circumference of the pulverizing shafts 221 .

[0033] Specifically, the main body of the manure fermenter 1 is a sealed manure fermentation tank 10, in which a rotating shaft 111 and multiple follower shafts 13 are longitudinally passed through the tank body. The rotating shaft 111 is fixed to the top and bottom of the tank body through bearings, and multiple groups of equally distributed first stirring shafts 112 are welded on its surface. Each group contains three stirring rods arranged at an angle of 120° along the axial direction, which are used to break up manure clumps and promote fermentation. The follower shafts 13 are evenly distributed around the circumference with the rotating shaft 111 as the center, and the second stirring shafts 132 welded on their surfaces are staggered with the first stirring shafts 112. Multi-axis linkage stirring is achieved by driving the rotating shaft 111.

[0034] The pulverizer 2 is installed at the top entrance of the fermentation tank 10. Two pulverizing shafts 221 are arranged in parallel inside the pulverizer 2. Multiple groups of pulverizing blades 222 are welded on the shafts. Each group of pulverizing blades consists of four curved blades with serrated edges to improve cutting efficiency. The two pulverizing shafts 221 rotate in opposite directions through gear transmission. After the input manure material is cut into fine particles, they fall into the fermentation tank 10 through the discharge pipe 21 arranged symmetrically at the bottom. The outlet of the discharge pipe 21 is in contact with the blocking plate 142 in the fermentation tank 10. The feed amount is controlled by the periodic opening and closing of the blocking plate 142 to ensure a uniform and stable fermentation process.

[0035] In this embodiment, a rotating motor 11 is installed on the top of the manure fermentation tank 10, and the rotating motor 11 is connected to the top of the rotating shaft 111 through a coupling. At least four straight shafts 12 with uniform distribution of the circumference are installed inside the manure fermentation tank 10. The outer circumferences of the straight shafts 12 and the rotating shaft 111 are jointly covered with a transmission belt 113. A number of equally distributed active bevel gears 121 are fixedly sleeved on the straight shaft 12, and a follower bevel gear 131 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the follower shaft 13. The active bevel gear 121 and the follower bevel gear 131 are meshed with each other.

[0036] Specifically, a rotating motor 11 is installed on the top of the manure fermentation tank 10, and its output shaft is connected to the top of the rotating shaft 111 through a coupling. A transmission belt 113 is installed in the middle of the rotating shaft 111, and the other end of the belt is wrapped around four straight shafts 12 evenly distributed around the circumference. When the rotating motor 11 drives the rotating shaft 111 to rotate, the transmission belt 113 drives the straight shafts 12 to rotate synchronously. Three sets of active bevel gears 121 are welded on the surface of each straight shaft 12. The gears mesh with the follower bevel gear 131 at the top of the follower shaft 13 to form a vertical shaft transmission structure;

[0037] This transmission system converts the rotation of the straight shaft 12 into the rotation of the follower shaft 13 through the meshing of the bevel gears, creating differential agitation between the second agitator shaft 132 and the first agitator shaft 112. The gear ratio between the active bevel gear 121 and the follower bevel gear 131 is 2:1, ensuring that the follower shaft 13 rotates at twice the speed of the straight shaft 12. This enhances agitation shear force, promotes full contact between manure and microorganisms, and accelerates the anaerobic fermentation process.

[0038] In this embodiment, a half gear ring 114 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 111, and two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts 14 are installed for rotation inside the manure fermentation tank 10. A meshing gear 141 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 14, and the meshing gear 141 is engaged with the half gear ring 114. One end of the rotating shaft 14 is fixedly connected to a blocking plate 142, and a torsion spring 143 is provided on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 14.

[0039] Specifically, a half ring gear 114 is mounted on the bottom of the rotating shaft 111, its tooth surface covering one-third of its axial length. Two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts 14 are mounted on the inner wall of the manure fermentation tank 10 via bearings. Meshing gears 141 are welded to the shaft surfaces and intermittently mesh with the half ring gear 114. When the rotating shaft 111 rotates, the half ring gear 114 periodically drives the meshing gear 141, causing the rotating shaft 14 to deflect the blocking plate 142.

[0040] The blocking plate 142 is a fan-shaped structure, its curved surface aligning with the outlet of the feed tube 21. It is reset by a torsion spring 143. When the half ring gear 114 disengages from the meshing gear 141, the torsion spring 143 drives the blocking plate 142 to close the feed tube 21. When the half ring gear 114 reengages, the blocking plate 142 deflects and opens the passage. This design synchronizes the feeding rhythm with the rotation of the rotating shaft 111, preventing sudden load changes in the fermenter 10 caused by excessive manure input, while also utilizing mechanical linkage to reduce additional power requirements.

[0041] In this embodiment, a transmission motor 22 is installed on the top of the crusher 2, and the transmission motor 22 is connected to the output end of one of the crushing shafts 221 through a coupling. A transmission gear 223 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the two crushing shafts 221, and the two transmission gears 223 are meshed with each other.

[0042] Specifically, a transmission motor 22 is mounted on top of the pulverizer 2, its output shaft connected to the left pulverizing shaft 221 via a coupling. Transmission gears 223 are welded to the ends of the two pulverizing shafts 221. These gears have the same module and a 1:1 gear ratio, achieving counter-rotating synchronous rotation through external meshing. When the transmission motor 22 drives the left pulverizing shaft 221 clockwise, the right pulverizing shaft 221 rotates counterclockwise, creating a cross-cutting zone between the two sets of pulverizing blades 222.

[0043] The crushing blades 222 are made of high-strength alloy steel, with blade thickness gradually decreasing from base to tip to reduce cutting resistance. The blade spacing between adjacent crushing shafts 221 is 5mm, ensuring that fibrous material in the manure is fully broken down. This structure achieves dual-axis, opposing cutting from a single power source, simplifying the drive system and improving crushing efficiency, providing a uniform particle size for subsequent fermentation.

[0044] In this embodiment, the bottom of the crusher 2 is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged feed pipes 21, the feed pipes 21 and the blocking plate 142 are in contact with each other, and the top of the crusher 2 is provided with a feed port 23.

[0045] Specifically, two feed tubes 21 are welded to the bottom of the pulverizer 2, with their openings flared to accommodate the fan-shaped contour of the baffle 142. The baffle 142 is covered with a rubber seal, the arc length of which is equal to the circumference of the opening of the feed tube 21, ensuring airtightness in the sealed state. When the rotating shaft 14 drives the baffle 142 to deflect, the feed tube 21 communicates with the inner cavity of the fermentation tank 10, and the pulverized feces falls into the tank by gravity.

[0046] The feed port 23, located at the center of the top of the pulverizer 2, features a funnel-shaped design to facilitate the insertion of raw materials. Spiral guide plates welded to the inner wall of the feed port 23 guide the waste toward the cutting areas of the pulverizer shafts 221 on either side. This structural optimization allows for automatic diversion of the waste, preventing accumulation in a single area and improving pulverization uniformity.

[0047] In this embodiment, an annular conduction pipe 31 evenly distributed in an annular shape is provided inside the manure fermenter 1 , and one end of the annular conduction pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the heat conduction pipe 3 .

[0048] Specifically, when the temperature inside the fermentation tank falls below the optimum range, the heat transfer system automatically activates, transferring the waste heat generated by the biogas combustion to the annular conduction tube 31 via a hot water circulation system. As the hot water flows through the tube, the heat is rapidly transferred to the fermentation material via the copper alloy tube walls and fins, maintaining a moderate fermentation temperature. This design cleverly utilizes the principle of cascaded utilization of biogas energy, converting waste heat after power generation into a heat source for the fermentation process, thereby avoiding energy waste and reducing the need for external heating.

[0049] The spiral structure of the annular transfer tube 31, combined with its fins, forms a highly efficient heat exchange network, ensuring uniform temperature distribution within the tank. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of the copper alloy ensures long-term adaptability to the acidic environment within the fermentation tank, extending the equipment's service life. This system significantly improves the overall energy efficiency of the device by recovering and reusing heat, achieving the dual goals of energy recycling and process optimization.

[0050] In this embodiment, an air outlet pipe 4 is provided on one side of the manure fermenter 1 , and a pressure gauge 41 is installed on the air outlet pipe 4 .

[0051] Specifically, the exhaust pipe 4 welded to the top of the manure fermenter 1 is made of corrosion-resistant fiberglass. Its inlet is located in the center of the tank's top, directly connecting to the fermentation gas production area. The pipe contains a built-in activated carbon filter layer, which utilizes its porous structure to adsorb malodorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide produced by fermentation, effectively purifying the exhaust gas. A pressure gauge 41 is installed in the middle of the exhaust pipe 4, and a diaphragm sensor is used to sense changes in the tank's air pressure in real time.

[0052] When the pressure in the fermentation tank exceeds the safety threshold, the pressure gauge 41 triggers the solenoid valve to open, releasing excess biogas into the gas storage cabinet to prevent the equipment from operating at overpressure. The fiberglass material of the outlet pipe 4 can resist erosion by corrosive components in biogas, ensuring long-term stable operation of the pipeline. The activated carbon filter layer adopts a modular design, which is convenient for regular replacement to maintain adsorption efficiency.

[0053] This design, combining pressure feedback control with gas purification, ensures the safe operation of the fermentation system while reducing the environmental impact of malodorous gas emissions. The mechanical safety valve on pressure gauge 41 provides dual protection, allowing for manual pressure relief in the event of an electrical system failure, enhancing device reliability. The corrosion-resistant and sealed design of outlet pipe 4 further extends equipment life and reduces maintenance costs.

[0054] In this embodiment, a discharge pipe 5 is provided at the bottom of the manure fermenter 1 , and a ball valve 51 is installed on the discharge pipe 5 .

[0055] Specifically, the discharge pipe 5 welded to the bottom of the manure fermenter 1 is designed to be tilted at 45 degrees, and a spiral guide plate is welded to the inner wall of the pipe body, forming a unique material conveying channel. The combination of the tilt angle and the spiral structure allows gravity to guide the fermentation residue to be discharged smoothly, avoiding material accumulation and blockage. The inlet of the discharge pipe 5 is set at the bottom edge of the tank body to ensure that the residue is completely emptied;

[0056] The ball valve 51 is installed at the end of the discharge pipe 5. It is made of corrosion-resistant material and equipped with a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing ring to achieve reliable sealing and durable use. When the fermentation cycle is completed, the operator can open the channel by rotating the handle of the ball valve 51. The residue will automatically flow into the solid-liquid separator under the action of gravity, eliminating the need for manual cleaning of the tank.

[0057] This design uses a mechanical valve to achieve controlled discharge of residue, streamlining operations and increasing automation. The synergistic effect of the 45° inclined pipe and spiral guide plate ensures smooth discharge and minimizes residue. The corrosion-resistant sealing structure of the ball valve 51 adapts to the corrosive environment of fermentation residue and extends valve life. The overall design balances discharge efficiency with easy maintenance, enhancing the practicality and cost-effectiveness of the device.

[0058] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated device for harmless treatment of feces and sewage and energy conversion, comprising a feces and sewage fermenter (1), a pulverizer (2) arranged on the feces and sewage fermenter (1), characterized in that ； The manure fermenter (1) comprises a manure fermentation tank (10), a rotating shaft (111) and a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly distributed follower shafts (13). The rotating shaft (111) and the follower shaft (13) are both rotatably mounted inside the manure fermentation tank (10). A plurality of equidistantly distributed first stirring shafts (112) are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (111). A plurality of equidistantly distributed second stirring shafts (132) are fixedly sleeved on the follower shaft (13). The first stirring shaft (112) and the second stirring shaft (132) are used for stirring and fermenting manure. The pulverizer (2) is composed of two pulverizing shafts (221). The two pulverizing shafts (221) are symmetrically arranged and rotatably mounted inside the pulverizer (2). A plurality of equidistantly distributed pulverizing blades (222) are sleeved on the outer circumference of the pulverizing shafts (221).

2. An integrated device for harmless waste treatment and energy conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating motor (11) is installed on the top of the manure fermentation tank (10), and the rotating motor (11) is connected to the top of the rotating shaft (111) through a coupling. At least four straight shafts (12) with uniform circumferences are installed for rotation inside the manure fermentation tank (10). A transmission belt (113) is sleeved on the outer circumferences of the straight shafts (12) and the rotating shaft (111). A plurality of equally spaced active bevel gears (121) are fixedly sleeved on the straight shaft (12), and a follower bevel gear (131) is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the follower shaft (13). The active bevel gear (121) and the follower bevel gear (131) are meshed with each other.

3. An integrated device for harmless waste treatment and energy conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A half gear ring (114) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft (111), and two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts (14) are installed for rotation inside the manure fermentation tank (10). A meshing gear (141) is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft (14), and the meshing gear (141) and the half gear ring (114) are meshed with each other. A blocking plate (142) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (14), and a torsion spring (143) is provided on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft (14).

4. An integrated device for harmless waste treatment and energy conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission motor (22) is installed on the top of the pulverizer (2). The transmission motor (22) is connected to the output end of one of the pulverizing shafts (221) via a coupling. Transmission gears (223) are fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferences of the two pulverizing shafts (221), and the two transmission gears (223) are meshed with each other.

5. An integrated device for harmless waste treatment and energy conversion according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged feed pipes (21) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the pulverizer (2), the feed pipes (21) and the blocking plate (142) are fitted together, and a feed inlet (23) is provided at the top of the pulverizer (2).

6. An integrated device for harmless waste treatment and energy conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular conduction pipe (31) evenly distributed in an annular shape is provided inside the manure fermenter (1), and one end of the annular conduction pipe (31) is fixedly connected to a heat conduction pipe (3).

7. An integrated device for harmless waste treatment and energy conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air outlet pipe (4) is provided on one side of the manure fermenter (1), and a pressure gauge (41) is installed on the air outlet pipe (4).

8. An integrated device for harmless waste treatment and energy conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge pipe (5) is provided at the bottom of the manure fermenter (1), and a ball valve (51) is installed on the discharge pipe (5).

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