Hub bearing lateral impact resistance evaluation method and hub bearing design method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing, and the method comprises the following steps: preparing a test vehicle which is provided with a to-be-tested hub bearing; a lateral impact test is conducted on a test vehicle in a test site, the test site comprises a low-adhesion road surface and a curb located on the edge of one side of the low-adhesion road surface, and the lateral impact test comprises the following steps that the test vehicle is controlled to run into the low-adhesion road surface in the preset running direction and the preset vehicle speed, and an included angle is formed between the preset running direction and the curb; when the test vehicle is close to the curb, controlling a steering wheel of the test vehicle to rotate in a direction away from the curb, so that front wheels of the test vehicle slip, and the test vehicle slides to and collides with the curb; and disassembling the hub bearing, detecting the hub bearing, and evaluating whether the detection result achieves the target of lateral impact resistance of the hub bearing or not. The invention further provides a hub bearing design method. According to the invention, the lateral impact resistance of the hub bearing can be evaluated more accurately and comprehensively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a wheel hub bearing and a method for designing a wheel hub bearing. Background Art

[0002] The NVH performance of electric vehicles is superior to that of fuel vehicles, making the abnormal driving noises of electric vehicles easier for users to identify. Abnormal driving noises include abnormal wheel hub bearing noises. Abnormal wheel hub bearing noises are caused by impacts on the wheel hub bearings, which cause indentations in the bearing raceway, resulting in a buzzing noise when the wheel hub bearings rotate at high speeds. Based on an analysis of statistical data from existing vehicles, most abnormal wheel hub bearing noises are caused by lateral force impacts on the wheel hub bearings. When a vehicle encounters a lateral impact such as a sideways collision or sideways driving onto the shoulder of the road, evenly spaced indentations may appear on the bearing raceway of the wheel hub bearings, causing abnormal wheel hub bearing noises.

[0003] During the design process of wheel hub bearings, in order to prevent abnormal noise from the wheel hub bearings, it is necessary to evaluate the wheel hub bearings' ability to resist lateral impact. Currently, the bench test method is usually used to evaluate the wheel hub bearings' ability to resist lateral impact. The bench test method uses a bench test to simulate lateral acceleration conditions and uses the indentation method to evaluate the wheel hub bearings' ability to resist lateral impact. This bench test method applies a load converted from the axle load to create an indentation on the wheel hub bearing raceway and measures the wheel hub bearings' ability to resist lateral impact by the indentation depth. The existing bench test method has the following technical problems: The bench test method can only evaluate the lateral impact resistance of the bearing unit. The actual lateral impact resistance of the bearing unit is different from the actual vehicle performance of the bearing. Factors such as the lateral stiffness of the vehicle suspension and the aspect ratio of the wheel all have an impact on the abnormal noise of the wheel hub bearing.

[0004] The evaluation standard of the bench test method is the indentation depth of the bearing raceway. However, even if the indentation depth of the bearing raceway is qualified, abnormal noise from the wheel hub bearing may still occur during vehicle operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a wheel hub bearing and a method for designing a wheel hub bearing, so as to alleviate or eliminate at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to the present invention comprises the following steps: preparing a test vehicle, the test vehicle being equipped with a wheel hub bearing to be tested; A lateral impact test is performed on the test vehicle at a test site, the test site comprising a low-adhesion road surface and a curb located at one edge of the low-adhesion road surface, the lateral impact test comprising the following steps: controlling the test vehicle to travel onto the low-adhesion road surface at a preset driving direction and a preset speed, the preset driving direction forming an angle with the curb; when the test vehicle approaches the curb, controlling the steering wheel of the test vehicle to rotate away from the curb so that the front wheels of the test vehicle slip, causing the test vehicle to slide toward and impact the curb; The wheel hub bearing is removed from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, and the wheel hub bearing is tested to evaluate whether the test results meet the target of the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance capability.

[0007] Optionally, before removing the wheel hub bearing from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, the following steps are also included: when the wheel hub bearing has not failed after the test vehicle hits the curb, gradually increasing the preset vehicle speed to perform the lateral impact test until the preset vehicle speed reaches the speed limit or the wheel hub bearing fails after the test vehicle hits the curb.

[0008] Optionally, before removing the wheel hub bearing from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, the following steps are also included: when the preset vehicle speed reaches the vehicle speed limit and the wheel hub bearing has not failed after the test vehicle hits the curb, the vehicle speed limit is used as the preset vehicle speed, and the load of the test vehicle is gradually increased to perform the lateral impact test until the test vehicle reaches the full load or the wheel hub bearing fails after the test vehicle hits the curb.

[0009] Optionally, the detection includes bench vibration testing, bearing raceway roundness measurement and bearing raceway indentation depth measurement.

[0010] Optionally, the lateral impact test further includes the following steps: spraying an adhesion coefficient reducing medium onto the low-adhesion road surface for reducing the adhesion coefficient of the low-adhesion road surface.

[0011] Optionally, the angle is 30-45°.

[0012] Optionally, before performing the lateral impact test on the test vehicle at the test site, the method further includes the following steps: performing an NVH performance test on the test vehicle to obtain initial NVH performance parameters of the test vehicle in a driving state; After the side impact test is performed on the test vehicle at the test site, the method further includes the following steps: Performing an NVH performance test on the test vehicle after the lateral impact test to obtain current NVH performance parameters of the test vehicle in a driving state; Evaluate whether the difference between the current NVH performance parameters and the initial NVH performance parameters achieves the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target.

[0013] Optionally, the NVH performance test of the test vehicle includes the following steps: controlling the test vehicle to travel on a preset lane at a preset test speed, and collecting audio at the driver's position of the test vehicle, wherein the preset lane includes a straight lane, a left-turn lane, and a right-turn lane.

[0014] The present invention also proposes a hub bearing design method, comprising the following steps: Determine the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target; Design wheel hub bearings; Using any of the above-mentioned methods for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing, the designed hub bearing is evaluated for its lateral impact resistance, to assess whether the hub bearing achieves the target lateral impact resistance of the hub bearing; When the wheel hub bearing fails to achieve the target of the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact, the design plan of the wheel hub bearing is adjusted and the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact is evaluated on the wheel hub bearing after the adjusted design plan until the wheel hub bearing achieves the target of the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact.

[0015] Optionally, the method for determining the wheel hub bearing lateral impact resistance target comprises the following steps: Prepare basic vehicles and benchmark vehicles; Performing a lateral impact test on the base vehicle at a test site to obtain a first test result, the first test result including: an impact velocity and an impact energy when abnormal noise occurs in a wheel hub bearing of the base vehicle, and an impact velocity and an impact energy when deformation occurs in a front swing arm of the base vehicle; performing a lateral impact test on the benchmark vehicle at a test site to obtain a second test result, the second test result including: an impact velocity and an impact energy when an abnormal noise is generated in a wheel hub bearing of the benchmark vehicle, and an impact velocity and an impact energy when a front swing arm of the benchmark vehicle is deformed; A target for the lateral impact resistance capability of the hub bearing is determined based on the first test result and the second test result.

[0016] The wheel hub bearing lateral impact resistance evaluation method proposed in the present invention can more accurately and comprehensively evaluate the wheel hub bearing lateral impact resistance. The wheel hub bearing design method proposed in the present invention can better ensure the quality level of the wheel hub bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing described in some embodiments; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the test site described in some embodiments.

[0018] In the figure, 10 is a conventional road surface, 20 is a low-adhesion road surface, 30 is a curb, and 40 is a preset driving direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. The present invention may also be implemented or applied through various other specific embodiments, and the various details in this specification may be modified or altered based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. The illustrations only show components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity, and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complex.

[0021] like Figure 1 A method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing is shown, comprising the following steps: S100: preparing a test vehicle, where the test vehicle is equipped with a wheel hub bearing to be tested; S200: Figure 2 The test site shown in the figure is used to conduct a lateral impact test on a test vehicle. The test site includes a low-adhesion road surface and a curb located at one edge of the low-adhesion road surface. The lateral impact test includes the following steps: controlling the test vehicle to travel from a conventional road surface 10 onto a low-adhesion road surface 20 in a preset driving direction and at a preset speed, with the preset driving direction 40 forming an angle with the curb 30; when the test vehicle approaches the curb 30, controlling the steering wheel of the test vehicle to rotate away from the curb 30, causing the front wheels of the test vehicle to slip, and the test vehicle to slide toward and impact the curb 30; S300: Remove the wheel hub bearing from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, test the wheel hub bearing, and evaluate whether the test results meet the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the lateral impact resistance of the wheel hub bearing can be tested in the whole vehicle environment. Compared with the existing technology, the above-mentioned wheel hub bearing lateral impact resistance evaluation method is more suitable for the user's actual failure conditions. The above-mentioned wheel hub bearing lateral impact resistance evaluation method can more accurately and comprehensively evaluate the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance.

[0023] As a specific example, Figure 2 As shown, the specific requirements for the test site are: the curb 30 protrudes from the low-adhesion pavement 20 by 180-200mm, and the curb 30 is 15-20m long. The low-adhesion pavement 20 can be made of polyurethane, ceramic tiles, or by spraying detergent and soapy water to achieve the required low adhesion coefficient. The test site also includes a conventional road surface 10 for the test vehicle to drive onto the low-adhesion pavement 20 at a preset speed.

[0024] As a preferred example, the environmental conditions for the side impact test are: no fog, no rain, relative humidity less than 95%, and wind speed no more than 3 m / s.

[0025] In some embodiments, before removing the wheel hub bearing from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, the following step is further included: if the wheel hub bearing does not fail after the test vehicle strikes the curb, the lateral impact test is performed at a preset vehicle speed that is gradually increased until the preset vehicle speed reaches the speed limit or the wheel hub bearing fails after the test vehicle strikes the curb. Performing the lateral impact test at a gradually increased preset vehicle speed helps ensure the stability of the test results.

[0026] As a specific example, the preset speed for the test vehicle entering a low-adhesion road surface starts at 6 km / h for the first test and increases by 2 km / h. The preset speed for the second test is 8 km / h, the third test is 10 km / h, and the fourth test is 12 km / h. Based on test operability and safety considerations, the speed limit is 12 km / h, and the preset speed does not exceed 12 km / h.

[0027] In some embodiments, before removing the wheel hub bearing from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, the following steps are further included: when the preset vehicle speed reaches the speed limit and the wheel hub bearing has not failed after the test vehicle hits the curb, the lateral impact test is performed using the speed limit as the preset vehicle speed, gradually increasing the load of the test vehicle until the test vehicle reaches the full load or the wheel hub bearing fails after the test vehicle hits the curb. After performing the lateral impact test at a gradually increasing preset vehicle speed, performing the lateral impact test at a gradually increasing load of the test vehicle helps ensure the stability of the test results and helps reduce the possibility of wheel hub bearing failure during the lateral impact test.

[0028] As a specific example, the initial test load is one person on the vehicle, i.e., the curb weight plus one driver. After the lateral impact test is conducted at successively higher preset vehicle speeds, if the wheel hub bearing has not failed and further testing is required, the impact energy is increased by gradually increasing the load, such as increasing to two, three, and four people, until the full load test is completed.

[0029] By reasonably setting up the test site and the lateral impact test plan, it helps to ensure the smooth completion of the lateral impact test and the stability of the test results.

[0030] In some embodiments, the test includes a bench vibration test, a bearing raceway roundness measurement, and a bearing raceway indentation depth measurement, and the test results are recorded, a test conclusion is drawn, and a test report is issued.

[0031] In some embodiments, the lateral impact test further includes the following step: spraying a low-adhesion road surface with a medium for reducing the adhesion coefficient. This technical solution can effectively reduce the adhesion coefficient of low-adhesion roads. In practice, the medium is typically soapy water or detergent solution.

[0032] In some embodiments, the angle is 30-45°. Using a suitable angle can better complete the side impact test.

[0033] In some embodiments, before performing a lateral impact test on a test vehicle at a test site, the following steps are further included: performing an NVH performance test on the test vehicle to obtain initial NVH performance parameters of the test vehicle in a driving state; After the side impact test of the test vehicle at the test site, the following steps are also included: Conduct NVH performance tests on the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test to obtain the current NVH performance parameters of the test vehicle in the driving state; Evaluate whether the difference between the current NVH performance parameters and the initial NVH performance parameters achieves the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target.

[0034] The above technical solution can test and evaluate the lateral impact resistance of the wheel hub bearing in a whole vehicle environment, which helps to more accurately and comprehensively evaluate the lateral impact resistance of the wheel hub bearing.

[0035] This application tests the wheel hub bearings after the test, and uses the test results combined with the comparison results of NVH performance parameters before and after the test to evaluate the wheel hub bearings' ability to resist lateral impact, which can more accurately and comprehensively evaluate the wheel hub bearings' ability to resist lateral impact.

[0036] In some embodiments, NVH performance testing of a test vehicle includes the following steps: controlling the test vehicle to travel at a preset test speed in a preset lane, and collecting audio from the driver's seat of the test vehicle. The preset lanes include a straight lane, a left-turn lane, and a right-turn lane. In specific implementations, NVH equipment can be used to record the ambient sound of the test vehicle while it is in motion, with the windows closed. The test speed range is preset to 70-100 km / h. The difference in subjective experience before and after the test can be recorded and compared, as well as the difference in objective NVH test values.

[0037] The present invention also proposes a hub bearing design method, comprising the following steps: Determine the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target; Design wheel hub bearings; Using any of the above-mentioned methods for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing, the designed hub bearing is evaluated for its lateral impact resistance, to assess whether the hub bearing achieves the target lateral impact resistance of the hub bearing; When the wheel hub bearing fails to achieve the target of the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact, return to adjust the design plan of the wheel hub bearing and evaluate the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact after the adjusted design plan until the wheel hub bearing achieves the target of the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact.

[0038] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the lateral impact resistance evaluation method of the designed hub bearing can be used to evaluate the lateral impact resistance of the hub bearing proposed in this application. Applying the lateral impact resistance evaluation method of the hub bearing to the design of the hub bearing can improve the after-sales quality level of the hub bearing.

[0039] As a preferred example, after the wheel hub bearing is designed, it is also necessary to perform CAE analysis and bench impact evaluation on the wheel hub bearing. After completing the CAE analysis and bench impact evaluation, the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact is evaluated.

[0040] In some embodiments, the method for determining a target lateral impact resistance capability of a hub bearing comprises the following steps: Prepare basic vehicles and benchmark vehicles; Conducting a lateral impact test on a base vehicle at a test site to obtain first test results, including: impact velocity and impact energy when abnormal noise is heard from a wheel hub bearing, and impact velocity and impact energy when deformation of a front swing arm occurs on the base vehicle; Conduct a lateral impact test on a benchmark vehicle at a test site to obtain second test results, including: impact velocity and impact energy when the benchmark vehicle experiences abnormal wheel hub bearing noise, and impact velocity and impact energy when the benchmark vehicle experiences front swing arm deformation; The lateral impact resistance target of the wheel hub bearing is determined based on the first test result and the second test result.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the benchmark vehicle is the model that serves as the benchmark for the test vehicle, and the base vehicle is the initial model to be improved or a prototype vehicle in the current development stage. When determining the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target based on the first and second test results, an indicator between the first and second test results can be selected as the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target, based on the wheel hub bearing's design objectives. In specific implementation, the base vehicle is equipped with the base wheel hub bearing, and the benchmark vehicle is equipped with the benchmark wheel hub bearing.

[0042] In the above embodiment, a method for determining the target of the lateral impact resistance capability of the hub bearing is provided, which can effectively guide the design and development of the lateral impact resistance of the hub bearing and improve the after-sales quality level of the hub bearing.

[0043] As a specific example, during the design process for a wheel hub bearing, the ideal lateral impact resistance target was determined as follows: after a vehicle impact, the front suspension system deformed, the steering wheel deflected, and the test vehicle was unable to drive straight, without the wheel hub bearing experiencing any abnormal impact noise. The actual lateral impact resistance target for the wheel hub bearing was determined by combining the test results of a benchmark vehicle and the improvement targets for the base vehicle.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics of the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a wheel hub bearing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: preparing a test vehicle, the test vehicle being equipped with a wheel hub bearing to be tested; A lateral impact test is performed on the test vehicle at a test site, the test site comprising a low-adhesion road surface and a curb located at one edge of the low-adhesion road surface, the lateral impact test comprising the following steps: controlling the test vehicle to travel onto the low-adhesion road surface at a preset driving direction and a preset speed, the preset driving direction forming an angle with the curb; when the test vehicle approaches the curb, controlling the steering wheel of the test vehicle to rotate away from the curb so that the front wheels of the test vehicle slip, causing the test vehicle to slide toward and impact the curb; The wheel hub bearing is removed from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, and the wheel hub bearing is tested to evaluate whether the test results meet the target of the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance capability.

2. The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to claim 1, wherein: Before removing the wheel hub bearing from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, the following steps are also included: when the wheel hub bearing does not fail after the test vehicle hits the curb, gradually increasing the preset vehicle speed to perform the lateral impact test until the preset vehicle speed reaches the speed limit or the wheel hub bearing fails after the test vehicle hits the curb.

3. The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to claim 2, wherein: Before removing the wheel hub bearing from the test vehicle that has undergone the lateral impact test, the following steps are also included: when the preset vehicle speed reaches the speed limit and the wheel hub bearing has not failed after the test vehicle hits the curb, the speed limit is used as the preset vehicle speed, and the load of the test vehicle is gradually increased to perform the lateral impact test until the test vehicle reaches the full load or the wheel hub bearing fails after the test vehicle hits the curb.

4. The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to claim 1, wherein: The inspection includes a bench vibration test, a bearing raceway roundness measurement, and a bearing raceway indentation depth measurement.

5. The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to claim 1, wherein: The method further includes the following steps before the lateral impact test: spraying an adhesion coefficient reducing medium onto the low-adhesion road surface for reducing the adhesion coefficient of the low-adhesion road surface.

6. The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to claim 1, wherein: The angle is 30-45°.

7. The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to claim 1, wherein: Before performing the lateral impact test on the test vehicle at the test site, the method further includes the following steps: performing an NVH performance test on the test vehicle to obtain initial NVH performance parameters of the test vehicle in a driving state; After the side impact test is performed on the test vehicle at the test site, the method further includes the following steps: Performing an NVH performance test on the test vehicle after the lateral impact test to obtain current NVH performance parameters of the test vehicle in a driving state; Evaluate whether the difference between the current NVH performance parameters and the initial NVH performance parameters achieves the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target.

8. The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a hub bearing according to claim 7, wherein: The NVH performance test of the test vehicle includes the following steps: controlling the test vehicle to travel on a preset lane at a preset test speed, and collecting audio at the driver's position of the test vehicle, wherein the preset lane includes a through lane, a left turn lane, and a right turn lane.

9. A wheel hub bearing design method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the wheel hub bearing's lateral impact resistance target; Design wheel hub bearings; The method for evaluating the lateral impact resistance of a wheel hub bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to evaluate the lateral impact resistance of the designed wheel hub bearing, and to assess whether the wheel hub bearing achieves the target lateral impact resistance of the wheel hub bearing; When the wheel hub bearing fails to achieve the target of the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact, the design plan of the wheel hub bearing is adjusted and the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact is evaluated on the wheel hub bearing after the adjusted design plan until the wheel hub bearing achieves the target of the wheel hub bearing's ability to resist lateral impact.

10. The wheel hub bearing design method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Determining the wheel hub bearing lateral impact resistance target comprises the following steps: Prepare basic vehicles and benchmark vehicles; Performing a lateral impact test on the base vehicle at a test site to obtain a first test result, the first test result including: an impact velocity and an impact energy when abnormal noise occurs in a wheel hub bearing of the base vehicle, and an impact velocity and an impact energy when deformation occurs in a front swing arm of the base vehicle; performing a lateral impact test on the benchmark vehicle at a test site to obtain a second test result, the second test result including: an impact velocity and an impact energy when an abnormal noise is generated in a wheel hub bearing of the benchmark vehicle, and an impact velocity and an impact energy when a front swing arm of the benchmark vehicle is deformed; A target for the lateral impact resistance capability of the hub bearing is determined based on the first test result and the second test result.

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