Agglomerate fog detection method and detection device

Abstract

The invention provides an agglomerate fog detection method and a detection device. The agglomerate fog detection method comprises the following steps: acquiring current detection data; determining a current transmit-receive signal difference value according to the power of the current received microwave signal and the power of the transmitted microwave signal; judging whether the current transmit-receive signal difference value, the current rain and snow parameter, the sun illumination parameter, the wind power parameter, the atmospheric solid particulate matter parameter, the atmospheric humidity and the atmospheric pressure are all in an agglomerate fog generation envelope line or not; if the current detection data are all in the agglomerate fog generation envelope, calculating the distance between the expression vector of the current detection data and the agglomerate fog generation envelope, and obtaining an agglomerate fog generation probability based on the distance; and under the condition that the agglomerate fog generation probability is greater than a preset threshold value, performing image detection on the image of the current environment, and determining whether agglomerate fog occurs in the current environment according to an image detection result. According to the agglomerate fog detection method, the agglomerate fog signal can be reliably detected on the basis of combination of a plurality of environmental parameters, regular maintenance is not needed, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention generally relates to the technical field of agglomerate fog detection, and in particular to a method and a device for detecting agglomerate fog. Background Art

[0002] Fog is highly localized and difficult to predict, especially on highways. It can cause sudden changes in visibility, posing a significant threat to highway safety and easily leading to serious accidents. Existing methods for measuring fog on roads primarily use a real-time optical visibility device called an ambient visibility detector. This device is a sophisticated optical instrument that requires regular maintenance and is costly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desired to provide a fog cluster detection method and detection device, which can reliably detect fog cluster signals based on the energy consumption of microwave signals propagating in atmospheric water vapor and combined with multiple environmental parameters, without the need for regular maintenance and at low cost.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting fog clusters, which specifically comprises the following steps: Obtain current detection data; current detection data includes the power of the received microwave signal, current rain and snow parameters, current sunlight parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particle parameters, current atmospheric humidity, and current atmospheric pressure; Determine the current difference between the received and transmitted microwave signals based on the power of the currently received microwave signal and the power of the transmitted microwave signal; Determine whether the current transmit-receive signal difference, current rain and snow parameters, current sunlight parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particle parameters, current atmospheric humidity, and current atmospheric pressure are all within the agglomerate fog generation envelope; the agglomerate fog generation envelope is used to represent the transmit-receive signal difference threshold range, rain and snow parameter threshold range, sunlight parameter threshold range, wind parameter threshold range, atmospheric solid particle parameter threshold range, atmospheric humidity threshold range, and atmospheric pressure threshold range that must be met for agglomerate fog generation; If the current receive / send signal difference, current rain and snow parameters, current sunlight parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particle parameters, current atmospheric humidity, and current atmospheric pressure are all within the fog formation envelope, then the closest distances between the expression vector of the current detection data and the boundary of the fog formation envelope are calculated, and the probability of fog formation is obtained based on the closest distances. When the probability of fog cluster generation is greater than a preset threshold, image detection is performed on the image of the current environment, and whether fog cluster occurs in the current environment is determined based on the image detection result.

[0005] As an optional solution, the detection method also includes: If at least one of the current difference between the transmitting and receiving signals, the current rain and snow parameters, the current sunlight parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure is outside the fog formation envelope, the current detection data is continuously acquired within a preset time period. If the current detection data continues to change and approaches the fog formation envelope, it is predicted that fog may occur.

[0006] As an optional solution, the expression vector of the current detection data includes the expression vector of the current transmit and receive signal difference, the current rain and snow parameters, the current sunlight parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure; The current detection data also includes: current atmospheric temperature, latitude and longitude of the current location, and altitude.

[0007] As an optional solution, when it is determined that fog exists in the current environment, the fog detection method also includes: Send an alarm signal to the alarm device and instruct the alarm device to sound an alarm.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fog detection device, comprising: a microwave transmitter, a microwave receiver, an environment detection device, and a controller, wherein the microwave transmitter, the microwave receiver, and the environment detection device are respectively connected to the controller for signal connection; A microwave transmitter, which is used to transmit microwave signals and send the power of the transmitted microwave signals to the controller; A microwave receiver is used to receive microwave signals transmitted by a microwave transmitter and propagated through the atmosphere; Environmental detection device, which is used to detect current environmental parameters and send them to the controller; the current environmental parameters include current rain and snow parameters, current sunlight parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particle parameters, current atmospheric humidity, and current atmospheric pressure; The controller is used to receive the power of the received microwave signal sent by the microwave receiver, and the controller is also used to execute the fog detection method of the first aspect.

[0009] As an optional solution, the fog detection device also includes: The mounting bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket that are independent of each other, and the microwave transmitter and the environmental detection device are installed on the first bracket; a predetermined distance is formed between the first bracket and the second bracket, and the predetermined distance is determined based on the power of the transmitted microwave signal, the height of the microwave transmitter from the ground, the height of the microwave receiver from the ground, and the radius of the earth.

[0010] As an optional solution, when the microwave transmitter and the microwave receiver are integrated into the same device, the microwave receiver and the microwave transmitter are mounted together on the first bracket; The fog detection device also includes a reflector, which is installed on the second bracket. The reflector is used to reflect the microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter and form a reflected microwave signal that propagates through the atmosphere to the microwave receiver.

[0011] As an optional solution, when the microwave transmitter and the microwave receiver are two independent devices, the microwave receiver is installed on the second bracket.

[0012] As an optional solution, the environmental detection device is located on the microwave transmitter side or the microwave receiver side, or between the microwave transmitter and the microwave receiver. The environmental detection device includes an anemometer, an atmospheric particle meter, an illuminometer, an atmospheric hygrometer, an atmospheric barometer, and a rain and snow meter. Wind parameters include wind speed, and the anemometer is used to detect the wind speed in the current environment; Atmospheric particulate matter parameters include PM2.5 / PM10 / PM20 values. The particle meter is used to detect the concentration of solid particulate matter in the current ambient atmosphere. Lighting parameters include sunlight intensity, and the illuminance meter is used to detect the sunlight intensity of the current environment; The atmospheric humidity meter is used to detect the atmospheric humidity of the current environment; The atmospheric pressure gauge is used to detect the atmospheric pressure of the current environment; Rain and snow parameters include precipitation or snowfall, and the rain and snow meter is used to detect the precipitation or snowfall in the current environment.

[0013] As an optional solution, the environmental parameters also include atmospheric temperature, latitude and longitude of the current location and altitude, and the environmental detection device also includes an atmospheric thermometer, and the atmospheric temperature is used to measure the atmospheric temperature of the current environment; The latitude and longitude of the current location and the altitude parameters of the current location are calibrated through manual measurement or obtained from a satellite positioning system; As an optional solution, the microwave frequency of the microwave transmitter is 21 GHz-25 GHz.

[0014] As an optional solution, the fog detection device further includes a camera visual detection device and an alarm device, which are respectively connected to the controller signal; The camera visual detection device is used to capture images of the current environment and send them to the controller, so that the controller can determine whether there is fog in the current environment based on the images of the current environment. When it is determined that there is fog in the current environment, the alarm device is used to receive the alarm signal sent by the controller and issue an alarm; As an optional solution, the alarm device includes at least one of an audible and visual alarm, a voice alarm, and a text message alarm.

[0015] The fog group detection device of the present invention, by providing a microwave transmitter, a microwave receiver and an environmental detection device, can reliably detect the received microwave signal and environmental parameters after the microwave signal propagates in the atmosphere, and perform fog group detection on the current environment according to the power of the received microwave signal, the power of the microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter and the environmental parameter information. The fog group device has a simple structure and high reliability, can reliably detect fog group signals, is suitable for road traffic meteorological environment detection, does not require regular maintenance, and has low cost. The fog group detection method of the present application is simple, has low computational complexity, can quickly obtain fog group signals, and improves the efficiency of fog group detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 It is an environmental visibility detector in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first type of fog detection device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second type of fog detection device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a third type of fog detection device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth type of fog detection device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first anemometer according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second anemometer according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of a method for detecting agglomerate fog according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an envelope formed by two parameters in a fog detection method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] In the figure, 1. Laser transmitter, 2. Laser receiver, 3. Control processor, 4. Power supply, 5. Rack; 100. Fog detection device; 110. Microwave transmitter, 120. Microwave receiver, 130. Environmental detection device, 131. Anemometer, 132. Barometer, 133. Particle meter, 134. Atmospheric thermometer, 135. Lux meter, 136. Atmospheric hygrometer, 137. Rain and snow meter, 140. Reflector, 150. Alarm device; 10. Base, 20. Sampling body, 21. Sampling layer, 23. Air duct, 30. First temperature detection component, 40. Controller, 50. Second temperature detection component, 60. Humidity detection component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0020] At present, the equipment used in the related art to measure meteorological optical visibility in road traffic meteorological environment is an environmental visibility detector, such as Figure 1 As shown, the environmental visibility detector mainly includes a laser transmitter 1, a laser receiver 2, a power supply 4 and a control processor 3. It mainly realizes road fog detection by measuring the forward scattering energy of incident light by aerosols and particles in the atmosphere. The environmental visibility detector is a relatively sophisticated optical instrument, and the optical path requires regular maintenance, and the entire detection cost is relatively high.

[0021] Based on the above problems, firstly, Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a fog detection device 100, comprising: a microwave transmitter 110, a microwave receiver 120, an environment detection device 130 and a controller 40, wherein the microwave transmitter 110, the microwave receiver 120 and the environment detection device 130 are respectively connected to the controller 40 for signal communication; The microwave transmitter 110 is used to transmit microwave signals and send the power of the transmitted microwave signals to the controller 40; The microwave receiver 120 is configured to receive a received microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter 110 through the atmosphere, determine the power of the received microwave signal, and send the power of the received microwave signal to the controller 40; An environment detection device 130 is used to detect environmental parameters and send the environmental parameters to the controller 40; Controller 40, controller 40 is used to receive the power of the received microwave signal sent by the microwave receiver 120. The controller 40 is also used to receive the environmental parameters sent by the environmental detection device 130, and perform fog detection on the current environment based on the power of the received microwave signal, the environmental parameters and the power of the transmitted microwave signal of the preset microwave transmitter 110.

[0022] It should be noted that the fog detection device of the present application can be installed in a road atmosphere, is less affected by environmental conditions, and can reliably detect fog. Wherein, fog refers to fog formed by the accumulation of water vapor, and haze is not included in the embodiments of the present application.

[0023] It is understandable that the microwave transmitter 110 can be any existing microwave transmitter 110, and the microwave transmitter 110 is used to transmit microwave signals; the microwave receiver 120 can be any existing microwave receiver 120, and the microwave receiver 120 can be the same device as the microwave transmitter 110. The microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter 110 propagates in the atmosphere, and the energy of the microwave transmission signal is attenuated by water vapor. The attenuated received microwave signal is received by the microwave receiver 120, and can be used to detect fog. The microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are easy to use, low in cost, and are less affected by environmental conditions and do not require regular maintenance. The environmental detection device 130 is mainly used to detect environmental parameters, including but not limited to atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric humidity, wind direction and speed, precipitation, light parameters, atmospheric particulate matter parameters, etc.; correspondingly, the environmental detection device can be but not limited to a thermometer, a barometer, a hygrometer, an anemometer, a rain and snow meter, a light meter, etc.; The controller 40 may be any existing controller, such as, but not limited to, a PLC controller. In actual operation, the controller 40 may be installed together with the microwave transmitter 110, the microwave receiver 120, and the environmental detection device 130 at the detection point. Of course, the controller 40 may also be installed separately in a road monitoring room, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. The controller 40 can communicate with the microwave receiver 120 and the environment detection device 130 in any manner, such as but not limited to a wired manner or a wireless manner, wherein the wireless manner can be but not limited to GPRS, WiFi, Bluetooth or ZigBee.

[0024] It can also be understood that the controller 40 has a preset power of the microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter 110. The controller 40 is used to receive the microwave signal sent by the microwave receiver 120 and obtain the power of the received microwave signal. The controller 40 is also used to receive the environmental parameters sent by the environmental detection device 130, and according to the difference between the power of the transmitted microwave signal and the power of the received microwave signal and the environmental parameters, the fog generation condition is obtained through data processing. The fog generation condition can be used to indicate whether the conditions for generating fog are met in the current environment.

[0025] The fog agglomerate detection device of the embodiment of the present application solves the problem that the existing fog agglomerate detection method is high in cost and requires regular maintenance. The fog agglomerate detection device of the embodiment of the present application, by setting a microwave transmitter 110, a microwave receiver 120 and an environmental detection device 130, can reliably detect the received microwave signal and environmental parameters after the microwave signal propagates in the atmosphere, and detects the fog agglomerate signal based on the received microwave signal, the transmitted microwave signal of the microwave transmitter 110 and the environmental parameter information. The fog agglomerate device has a simple structure and high reliability, can reliably detect the fog agglomerate signal, and is suitable for road traffic meteorological environment detection. At the same time, it does not require regular maintenance and has a low cost. The fog agglomerate detection method of the present application is simple, has a low amount of calculation, can quickly determine the fog agglomerate generation conditions, and improves the efficiency of fog agglomerate detection.

[0026] As an achievable approach, the fog detection device 100 further includes: The mounting bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket that are independent of each other. The microwave transmitter 110 and the environment detection device 130 are mounted on the first bracket. A predetermined distance is formed between the first bracket and the second bracket. The predetermined distance is determined based on the power of the transmitted microwave signal, the height of the microwave transmitter from the ground, the height of the microwave receiver from the ground, and the radius of the earth.

[0027] For example, the theoretical predetermined distance is limited by the curvature of the earth: the predetermined distance d = sqrt(2Rh+h 2 ), where R is the radius of the Earth (approximately 6,371,000 meters) and h is the height of the microwave transmitter or receiver from the ground (or installation height).

[0028] It can be understood that the mounting bracket can be the main support of the fog detection device, and the mounting bracket is mainly used to carry and install components such as the microwave transmitter 110, the microwave receiver 120, and the environment detection device 130.

[0029] Among them, the specific shape and structure of the mounting bracket are not specifically limited and can be adjusted according to actual installation needs; the mounting bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket that are independent of each other, mainly used to respectively install the microwave transmitter 110, the reflector 140 or the microwave receiver 120.

[0030] It can also be understood that, depending on the actual measurement range, the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 can be the same device. In this case, a reflector 140 needs to be provided. After the microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter 110 propagates through the atmosphere and is reflected by the reflector 140, the microwave receiver 120 receives the microwave signal. When the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are two different devices, the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are respectively mounted on a first bracket and a second bracket. The microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter 110 is received by the microwave receiver 120 after propagating through the atmosphere.

[0031] During actual application, the mounting bracket is fixed at the target detection position according to the actual target detection position, and the environmental detection device 130, the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are installed on the mounting bracket. During this process, the environmental detection device 130 should be installed to avoid being installed on the microwave transmission path of the microwave transmitter 110, so as to avoid mutual interference between the environmental detection device 130 and the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120, and further ensure the reliability of the detection results.

[0032] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, when the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are integrated into the same device, the microwave receiver 120 and the microwave transmitter 110 are mounted together on the first bracket; The fog detection device further includes a reflector 140 , which is mounted on the second bracket. The reflector 140 is used to reflect the microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter 110 and form a reflected microwave signal that propagates through the atmosphere to the microwave receiver 120 .

[0033] The microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 in this embodiment are integrated into the same device, which is conducive to simplifying the structure and saving costs, while being able to accurately detect fog cluster signals within a small range.

[0034] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, when the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are two independent devices, the microwave receiver 120 is installed on the second bracket; For example, the predetermined distance between the first bracket and the second bracket is greater than 100 m and less than or equal to 500 m.

[0035] In this embodiment, the predetermined distance between the first bracket and the second bracket is greater than 100m and less than or equal to 500m, which means that the distance between the microwave receiver 120 and the microwave transmitter 110 is greater than 100m and less than or equal to 500m. In this way, the microwave signal has a small loss after passing through the atmosphere, a small amount of calculation, and high accuracy. At the same time, it can accurately measure the fog signal within a certain range.

[0036] In some embodiments, the environment detection device 130 is located on the side of the microwave transmitter 110 or the side of the microwave receiver 120, or between the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120. The environment detection device 130 includes an anemometer 131, a particle meter, an illuminometer 135, an atmospheric humidity meter 136, a rain and snow meter 137, and an atmospheric pressure meter 132. Wind parameters include wind speed, and the anemometer 131 is used to detect the wind speed in the current environment; Atmospheric particulate matter parameters include PM2.55 / PM10 / PM20 values. The particle meter 133 is used to detect the PM2.5 / PM10 / PM20 values ​​in the current atmosphere. The illumination parameters include illumination intensity, and the illuminometer 135 is used to detect the illumination intensity of the current environment; The atmospheric humidity meter 136 is used to detect the atmospheric humidity of the current environment; The atmospheric pressure gauge 132 is used to detect the current atmospheric pressure; The rain and snow parameters include precipitation or snowfall, and the rain and snow meter 137 is used to detect the precipitation or snowfall in the current environment.

[0037] Among them, the rain and snow parameters can be used to indicate whether it is currently raining. Generally, fog is more likely to occur in rainy weather, which is conducive to further improving the detection accuracy; the light parameters can be used to indicate the current ambient light intensity. Generally, when the light intensity is high, the possibility of fog is smaller. Conversely, the light intensity is weak in foggy weather; the wind parameters can be used to indicate the current wind speed or wind direction. When the wind speed is high, fog will generally not occur; the atmospheric solid particulate matter parameters can be used to indicate the current suspended particle index in the atmosphere. A higher suspended particle index is more conducive to water vapor accumulation to cause fog or haze; atmospheric humidity can be used to indicate the atmospheric humidity. A higher atmospheric humidity indicates a higher water vapor content in the atmosphere, which may be more likely to cause fog; atmospheric pressure can indicate the saturation of atmospheric water vapor. When the air pressure decreases, the gas volume expands, causing the temperature to drop, and the air's ability to accommodate water vapor is weakened, making it easy to reach saturation and condense.

[0038] Among them, the anemometer 131, the particle meter 133, the illuminometer 135, the atmospheric humidity meter 136, the atmospheric pressure meter 132 and the rain and snow meter 137 can adopt existing commonly used instruments, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the wind parameters, light parameters, atmospheric humidity, atmospheric pressure, and rain and snow parameters can be reliably obtained through the anemometer 131, the particulate matter meter 133, the illuminance meter 135, the atmospheric hygrometer 136, the atmospheric barometer 132, and the rain and snow meter 137, which is conducive to more comprehensive detection of fog cluster signals and improves the accuracy of fog cluster signal detection.

[0040] In other embodiments, Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the anemometer 131 may include a sampling body 20, which includes a plurality of air inlets 22 and at least two air ducts 23. The plurality of air inlets 22 are each connected to the at least two air ducts 23, and the openings of the plurality of air inlets 22 face at least two different directions. The at least two air ducts 23 are independent of each other and extend in different directions. A first temperature detection component 30 is provided inside each air duct 23 and is used to collect temperature information at at least two different positions along the extension direction of the air duct 23; A second temperature detection component 50 is provided inside or outside the air duct 23 and is used to collect ambient temperature information; Humidity detection component 60, the humidity detection component is arranged inside or outside the air duct, and the humidity detection component is used to collect environmental humidity information; The controller 40 is electrically connected to the first temperature detection component 30, the second temperature detection component 50 and the humidity detection component 60 respectively. The controller 40 is used to determine the wind data based on the temperature information and humidity information collected by the first temperature detection component 30, the second temperature detection component 50 and the humidity detection component 60 respectively. The wind data includes wind direction and wind speed.

[0041] Here, multiple refers to three or more.

[0042] It is understandable that the sampling body can be a whole, with multiple air inlets distributed on the sampling body to save costs; wherein, an air duct can be defined between two air inlets; or a channel can be defined between two or more air inlets, that is, two or more air inlets are connected to an air duct. Of course, the sampling body can also be composed of two or more sub-bodies, and the two or more sub-bodies are combined to form the sampling body, each sub-body is provided with at least two air inlets, and at least one air duct is defined between at least two air inlets. In the process of combining multiple sub-bodies to form the sampling body, the air inlets on each sub-body are ensured to be staggered, which is conducive to ensuring that wind from all directions enters the air duct, and realizing 360° all-directional wind speed and direction measurement.

[0043] For example, the sampling body includes a first sub-body and a second sub-body (similar to the sampling layer below), the first sub-body is respectively provided with a first air inlet and a second air inlet, and a first air duct is defined between the first air inlet and the second air inlet, the second sub-body is respectively provided with a third air inlet and a fourth air inlet, and a second air duct is defined between the third air inlet and the fourth air inlet, and the extension directions of the first air duct and the second air duct are different.

[0044] It can also be understood that each air duct is independent of each other and extends in different directions. On the one hand, it is conducive to the circulation of wind in all directions. On the other hand, it is conducive to the incoming wind flowing in each air duct without interfering with each other. This is conducive to the accurate collection of temperature information, thereby determining the wind speed and direction through temperature information.

[0045] The first temperature detection component 30 and the second temperature detection component 50 can be any type of temperature sensor, as long as they can collect temperature; the humidity detection component 60 can be any type of humidity sensor. The first temperature detection component 30, the second temperature detection component 50, and the humidity detection component 60 can be connected to the controller 40 via a communication network. The communication network can include various connection types, such as wired communication links, wireless communication links, or optical fiber cables, as long as they can be used for information exchange.

[0046] Furthermore, the anemometer 131 may further include a base 10 having a mounting surface; The sampling body 20 is installed on the mounting surface. The sampling body 20 includes at least one sampling layer 21. Each sampling layer 21 includes at least two air inlets 22. The at least two air inlets 22 are spaced apart and distributed around the circumference of the sampling body 20. The openings of the at least two air inlets 22 face at least two different directions. An air duct 23 is formed between the two air inlets 22 located in different directions. The centers of the air inlets 22 located in the same sampling layer 21 are at the same height in a preset direction. The at least two air ducts 23 with different extension directions can be located in the same sampling layer 21 or in at least two different sampling layers 21. The preset direction is the direction in which the sampling body 20 is perpendicular to the mounting surface. It should be noted that the base 10 serves as the supporting body of the entire wind direction and speed measuring device and is mainly used to install and fix the sampling body 20. The base 10 can be specifically configured according to actual product requirements. This application does not limit the shape and size of the base 10.

[0047] It is understood that the sampling layers 21 can be one, two, or more than one. The provision of multiple sampling layers 21 facilitates expanding the air intake range, enabling measurement of wind from all directions, thereby improving measurement accuracy and reducing measurement requirements. The air inlet 22 is also the air outlet, and an air duct 23 is formed between two air inlets located in different directions. Air flows from one air inlet into the air duct 23 and out through the other air inlet.

[0048] It can also be understood that when at least two air ducts 23 are located in the same sampling layer 21, one sampling layer 21 includes at least four air inlets 22, and the at least four air inlets 22 are located in at least two different directions, which can be two of the air inlets 22 located in the first direction and the other two air inlets 22 located in the second direction; of course, it can also be that one of the air inlet 22 is located in the first direction, one air inlet 22 is located in the second direction, one air inlet 22 is located in the third direction, and the remaining air inlet 22 is located in the fourth direction. Here, the first direction, the second direction, the third direction and the fourth direction can be the east, west, south and north directions in geographical location; an air duct 23 is formed between the two air inlets 22 located in different directions for air circulation; When at least two air ducts 23 are located in different sampling layers 21 , each sampling layer 21 may include at least two air inlets 22 . Similarly, at least one air duct 23 is defined between the at least two air inlets 22 of each sampling layer 21 .

[0049] The centers of the air inlets 22 located in the same sampling layer 21 are at the same height position in the preset direction, that is, the center lines of the air inlets 22 in the same sampling layer 21 are in the same direction. This is conducive to measuring wind data in various directions while avoiding the accuracy of wind data affected by the height difference between the air inlets 22.

[0050] Furthermore, the sampling body 20 includes at least two sampling layers 21, which are arranged in parallel along a preset direction, and the positions of the air inlets of two adjacent sampling layers 21 along the preset direction are staggered with each other, so that the projected areas of the air ducts 23 of the two adjacent sampling layers 21 on the mounting surface partially overlap or are completely staggered, so that wind from all directions enters the air duct 23 from the air inlet, thereby increasing the air intake range; The projection intervals of the first temperature detection components 30 located inside each air duct 23 of two adjacent sampling layers 21 are evenly distributed on the installation surface, and are used to detect the temperature at different positions to improve the detection accuracy.

[0051] The sampling layers 21 may be, but are not limited to, two or more. The sampling layers 21 are stacked and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface of the base 10, and the air inlets 22 of two adjacent sampling layers 21 are staggered. This facilitates measuring wind in all directions, increases the measurement range, and improves detection accuracy. Furthermore, the projections of the air ducts 23 of two adjacent sampling layers 21 on the mounting surface partially overlap or are completely staggered, indicating that the air ducts 23 of the two sampling layers 21 do not interfere with each other, and the air ducts 23 of the two adjacent sampling layers 21 are staggered, further increasing the air inlet range.

[0052] Furthermore, each air duct 23 located at each sampling layer 21 is bent toward the center of the sampling body 20 to form an arc-shaped air duct 23 , and the curvature of each part of the arc-shaped air duct 23 is different, so that the wind resistance inside the arc-shaped air duct 23 is reduced.

[0053] The arc-shaped air duct 23 of this embodiment complies with the principles of fluid dynamics, ensuring reliable wind flow while minimizing wind resistance, thereby facilitating improved measurement accuracy, while saving space and facilitating an increase in the number of air ducts 23 .

[0054] In some other embodiments, the environmental parameters further include atmospheric temperature, latitude and longitude and altitude of the current location, and the environmental detection device 130 further includes an atmospheric thermometer 134 , where the atmospheric temperature is used for the current environmental temperature; The latitude and longitude of the current location and the altitude parameters of the current location are calibrated by manual measurement or obtained by a satellite positioning system; Of course, the atmospheric temperature and atmospheric pressure can also be obtained from the meteorological data of the day, and in this case, there is no need to set up the atmospheric pressure gauge and atmospheric thermometer.

[0055] In this embodiment, by measuring the atmospheric temperature, the latitude and longitude of the current location and the altitude, it is helpful to further improve the detection accuracy.

[0056] In some embodiments, the microwave frequency of the microwave transmitter 110 is 21 GHz to 25 GHz. More preferably, the microwave frequency of the microwave transmitter 110 is 22.235 to 24.5 GHz.

[0057] The microwave frequency of the microwave transmitter 110 in the embodiment of the present application is determined based on the water vapor absorption characteristics of microwaves in the atmosphere. The microwave frequency of the microwave transmitter 110 in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to further improving the detection accuracy.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the fog cluster detection device further includes an alarm device 150. When the fog cluster signal indicates that fog cluster exists in the current environment, the alarm device 150 is used to receive the alarm signal sent by the controller 40 and issue an alarm according to the fog cluster signal.

[0059] Furthermore, the alarm device 150 includes at least one of an audible and visual alarm, a voice alarm, and a text message alarm.

[0060] The warning device 150 in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to making reliable warning indications, thereby improving road traffic safety.

[0061] It is understandable that the fog cluster detection device also includes a power supply component, which can be any power supply device, such as but not limited to solar cells, power transmission networks, etc.

[0062] In summary, the agglomerate fog detection device of the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure, does not require regular maintenance, is low in cost, and is suitable for large-scale use in road traffic; and combined with multiple environmental parameters, it is conducive to improving the reliability and accuracy of agglomerate fog detection.

[0063] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting agglomerate fog, using the agglomerate fog detection device of the first aspect, such as Figure 8 As shown, the specific steps include: Step S10, obtaining current detection data; the current detection data includes the power of the microwave signal received by the microwave receiver 120, current rain and snow parameters, current sunlight parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particulate matter parameters, current atmospheric humidity, and current atmospheric pressure; Step S20: determining a current difference between the received and transmitted microwave signals based on the power of the currently received microwave signal and the power of the currently transmitted microwave signal; Step S30: determining whether the current receiving and transmitting signal difference, the current rain and snow parameters, the current sunlight parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure are all within the agglomerate fog generation envelope; the agglomerate fog generation envelope is used to characterize the receiving and transmitting signal difference threshold range, the rain and snow parameter threshold range, the sunlight parameter threshold range, the wind parameter threshold range, the atmospheric solid particle parameter threshold range, the atmospheric humidity threshold range, and the atmospheric pressure threshold range that must be met for agglomerate fog generation; Step S40: If the current transmit / receive signal difference, the current rain / snow parameter, the current sunlight parameter, the current wind parameter, the current atmospheric solid particulate matter parameter, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure are all within the fog cluster formation envelope, then a set of closest distances between the expression vector of the current detection data and the boundary of the fog cluster formation envelope is calculated, and the probability of fog cluster formation is obtained based on the closest distances; Step S50: When the probability of fog cluster generation is greater than a preset threshold, image detection is performed on the image of the current environment, and whether fog cluster occurs in the current environment is determined based on the image detection result.

[0064] It is understood that the fog cluster detection method of the embodiment of the present application is executed by the controller 40; The controller 40 obtains the power of the microwave signal received by the microwave receiver 120. The controller 40 may send an instruction to the microwave receiver 120. After the microwave receiver 120 receives the instruction, the microwave receiver 120 sends the power data of the received microwave signal to the controller 40. Of course, the microwave receiver 120 may also receive the microwave signal and send the power data of the microwave signal to the controller 40 in real time. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0065] Among them, the environmental parameters can be the environmental parameters detected by the environmental detection device 130 and sent to the controller 40 in real time; of course, it can also be that after the controller 40 sends an instruction to the environmental detection device 130, the environmental detection device 130 sends the detected environmental parameters to the controller 40. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0066] It can be understood that the fog formation envelope is pre-fitted based on experimental data. The fog formation envelope refers to a boundary or contour fitted by the range of change of multiple parameters; the expression vector of the current detection data is an expression vector including the current receiving and transmitting signal difference, current rain and snow parameters, sunlight parameters, wind parameters, atmospheric solid particle parameters, and atmospheric humidity; the current detection data also includes: current atmospheric temperature, current atmospheric pressure, latitude and longitude of the current location, and altitude.

[0067] In some embodiments, the cloud fog generation envelope can be obtained by setting up an artificial fog environment in a laboratory, collecting various of the above-mentioned environmental parameters in the artificial fog environment in the laboratory, and recording the state of fog under the corresponding parameters, and using the recorded environmental parameters and the state of fog to determine the cloud fog generation envelope.

[0068] It can also be understood that when all the current detection data are within the fog cluster generation envelope, it means that the conditions for fog cluster generation are met. The farther the expression vector formed by the difference between the power of the transmitted microwave signal and the power of the currently received microwave signal, the current rain and snow parameters, the current solar illumination parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity and the current atmospheric pressure is from the fog cluster generation envelope (the distance here refers to the distance between the expression vector and the nearest point on the boundary of the envelope, that is, the minimum distance), the higher the probability of fog cluster formation; the closer the expression vector formed by the difference between the power of the transmitted microwave signal and the power of the currently received microwave signal, the current rain and snow parameters, the current solar illumination parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity and the current atmospheric pressure is to the fog cluster generation envelope, the lower the probability of fog cluster formation, and it cannot be finally determined whether there is fog cluster, then the existence of fog cluster is determined by the camera visual image (at this time, since the fog generation conditions have been met, the possibility of haze can be reasonably ruled out).

[0069] Therefore, when it is determined that the current environment has the conditions for fog cluster generation, the fog cluster detection method also includes: Receive an image of the current environment captured by a camera visual detection device, and determine whether there is fog in the current environment based on the image of the current environment.

[0070] If there is fog in the image of the current environment, it is determined that there is fog in the current environment.

[0071] For example, take two environmental parameters as an example, such as Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the envelope of fog formation calculated by experimental data is as follows: Figure 9 As shown in the middle curve, when the current detection data is within the agglomerate fog generation envelope, the probability of agglomerate fog generation is higher. If the current detection data is farther away from the agglomerate fog generation envelope, the probability of agglomerate fog generation is higher. When the probability of agglomerate fog generation is higher than a predetermined threshold, the existence of agglomerate fog is confirmed through the image of the current environment; when the current detection data is outside the agglomerate fog generation envelope, the probability of agglomerate fog generation is low. If the current detection data is farther away from the agglomerate fog generation envelope, the probability of agglomerate fog generation is lower.

[0072] As an optional solution, the detection method also includes: If at least one of the current difference between the transmitting and receiving signals, the current rain and snow parameters, the current sunlight parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure is outside the fog formation envelope, the current detection data is continuously acquired within a preset time period. If the current detection data continues to change and approaches the fog formation envelope, it is predicted that fog may occur.

[0073] It can be understood that when any one or more of the difference between the power of the transmitted microwave signal and the power of the currently received microwave signal, the current rain and snow parameters, the current solar illumination parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity and the current atmospheric pressure are outside the corresponding threshold range, it means that the conditions for generating agglomerate fog are lacking; for example, when the difference between the power of the transmitted microwave signal and the power of the currently received microwave signal is outside the threshold range of the difference between the power of the received microwave signal and the power of the transmitted microwave signal, the conditions for generating agglomerate fog are lacking; or, at least one of the current rain and snow parameters, the current solar illumination parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity and the current atmospheric pressure are each correspondingly outside the threshold range, it means that at least one of the amount of rain, wind speed, atmospheric solid particles, atmospheric humidity and atmospheric pressure in the current environment does not meet the conditions for generating agglomerate fog.

[0074] In actual use, through real-time monitoring, the controller can issue a fog formation warning if it detects that the difference between the transmitted and received microwave signal power, current rain and snow parameters, current solar radiation parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particulate matter parameters, current atmospheric humidity, and current atmospheric pressure are moving from their respective thresholds back within their respective ranges. Because fog clusters develop quickly, the warning time is approximately 10 minutes or less.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, when the fog cluster signal indicates that fog clusters exist in the current environment, the fog cluster detection method further includes: An alarm signal is sent to the alarm device 150, and the alarm device 150 is instructed to sound an alarm.

[0076] In summary, the fog cluster detection method of the present application can reliably detect fog cluster signals and can also issue an alarm, further improving the safety of road traffic.

[0077] The following specifically lists the fog detection device of the embodiment of the present application: Example 1 The fog detection device includes a microwave transmitter 110, a microwave receiver 120, a reflector 140, an environment detection device 130 and a controller 40; The microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are the same device, and the distance between the reflector 140 and the microwave receiver 120 is less than 100 m; The environmental detection device 130 includes an anemometer 131 , a particle meter 133 , an atmospheric pressure meter 132 , an atmospheric temperature meter 134 , an illuminance meter 135 , an atmospheric humidity meter 136 , and a rain and snow meter 137 ; The controller 40 receives the power of the microwave signal sent by the microwave receiver 120, the wind speed sent by the anemometer 131, the PM2.5 value sent by the particulate matter meter 133, the atmospheric pressure sent by the barometer 132, the atmospheric temperature sent by the atmospheric thermometer 134, the light intensity sent by the illuminometer 135, the atmospheric humidity sent by the atmospheric hygrometer 136 and the precipitation sent by the sleet meter 137. The controller 40 obtains the difference between the power of the received microwave signal and the power of the microwave signal transmitted by the preset microwave transmitter 110, as well as the wind speed, PM2.5 value, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, light intensity, atmospheric humidity and precipitation, and detects the fog signal of the current environment through mathematical calculation and fitting.

[0078] Example 2 The fog detection device includes a microwave transmitter 110, a microwave receiver 120, a reflector 140, an environment detection device 130 and a controller 40; The microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 are two different devices. The distance between the microwave transmitter 110 and the microwave receiver 120 is greater than 100 m and less than or equal to 500 m. The environmental detection device 130 includes an anemometer 131 , a particle meter 133 , an atmospheric pressure meter 132 , an atmospheric temperature meter 134 , an illuminance meter 135 , an atmospheric humidity meter 136 , and a rain and snow meter 137 ; The controller 40 receives the power of the received microwave signal sent by the microwave receiver 120, the wind speed sent by the anemometer 131, the PM2.5 value sent by the particulate matter meter 133, the atmospheric pressure sent by the barometer 132, the atmospheric temperature sent by the atmospheric thermometer 134, the light intensity sent by the illuminometer 135, the atmospheric humidity sent by the atmospheric hygrometer 136 and the precipitation sent by the sleet meter 137. The controller 40 obtains the difference between the power of the received microwave signal and the power of the transmitted microwave signal of the preset microwave transmitter 110, as well as the wind speed, PM2.5 value, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, light intensity, atmospheric humidity and precipitation, and detects the fog signal of the current environment through mathematical calculation and fitting.

[0079] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used above to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the panel or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a fog cluster, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Acquiring current detection data; the current detection data includes the power of the received microwave signal, current rain and snow parameters, current sunlight parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particulate matter parameters, current atmospheric humidity and current atmospheric pressure; Determining a current difference between transmitted and received signals based on the power of the currently received microwave signal and the power of the currently transmitted microwave signal; Determine whether the current transmit-receive signal difference, the current rain and snow parameter, the current sunlight parameter, the current wind parameter, the current atmospheric solid particle parameter, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure are all within a fog agglomerate generation envelope; the fog agglomerate generation envelope is used to characterize a threshold range of the transmit-receive signal difference, a threshold range of the rain and snow parameter, a threshold range of the sunlight parameter, a threshold range of the wind parameter, a threshold range of the atmospheric solid particle parameter, a threshold range of the atmospheric humidity, and a threshold range of the atmospheric pressure that must be met for fog agglomerate generation; If the current transmit-receive signal difference, the current rain and snow parameters, the current sunlight parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particulate matter parameters, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure are all within the fog cluster formation envelope, then a set of closest distances between the expression vector of the current detection data and the boundary of the fog cluster formation envelope is calculated, and the probability of fog cluster formation is obtained based on the closest distances; When the probability of fog cluster generation is greater than a preset threshold, image detection is performed on the image of the current environment, and whether fog cluster occurs in the current environment is determined according to the image detection result.

2. The method for detecting fog clusters according to claim 1, wherein: The detection method further comprises: If at least one of the current difference between the transmitting and receiving signals, the current rain and snow parameters, the current sunlight parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure is outside the fog formation envelope, the current detection data is continuously acquired within a preset time period. If the current detection data continues to change and approaches the fog formation envelope, it is predicted that fog may occur.

3. The method for detecting fog clusters according to claim 1, wherein: The expression vector of the current detection data is an expression vector including the current transmit and receive signal difference, the current rain and snow parameters, the current sunlight parameters, the current wind parameters, the current atmospheric solid particle parameters, the current atmospheric humidity, and the current atmospheric pressure; The current detection data also includes: current atmospheric temperature, latitude and longitude of the current location and altitude.

4. The method for detecting fog clusters according to claim 1, wherein: When it is determined that fog exists in the current environment, the fog detection method further includes: Send an alarm signal to the alarm device and instruct the alarm device to sound an alarm.

5. The fog detection device is characterized in that: include: A microwave transmitter, a microwave receiver, an environment detection device and a controller, wherein the microwave transmitter, the microwave receiver and the environment detection device are respectively connected to the controller by signal; a microwave transmitter, the microwave transmitter being configured to transmit a microwave signal and to send the power of the transmitted microwave signal to the controller; a microwave receiver, the microwave receiver being configured to receive a received microwave signal after the microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter has propagated through the atmosphere, determine the power of the received microwave signal, and transmit the power of the received microwave signal to the controller; An environmental detection device, the environmental detection device is used to detect current environmental parameters and send the current environmental parameters to the controller; the current environmental parameters include current rain and snow parameters, current sunlight parameters, current wind parameters, current atmospheric solid particulate matter parameters, current atmospheric humidity and current atmospheric pressure; A controller, the controller is used to receive the power of the received microwave signal sent by the microwave receiver, and the controller is also used to execute the fog detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The fog detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fog detection device also includes: The mounting bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket that are independent of each other, and the microwave transmitter and the environmental detection device are mounted on the first bracket; a predetermined distance is formed between the first bracket and the second bracket, and the predetermined distance is determined based on the power of the transmitted microwave signal, the height of the microwave transmitter from the ground, the height of the microwave receiver from the ground, and the radius of the earth.

7. The fog detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the microwave transmitter and the microwave receiver are integrated into the same device, the microwave receiver and the microwave transmitter are mounted together on the first bracket; The fog detection device further includes a reflector, which is mounted on the second bracket and is used to reflect the microwave signal transmitted by the microwave transmitter, and form a reflected microwave signal that propagates through the atmosphere to the microwave receiver; Alternatively, when the microwave transmitter and the microwave receiver are two independent devices, the microwave receiver is installed on a second bracket.

8. The fog detection device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The environmental detection device is located on the side of the microwave transmitter or the side of the microwave receiver, or between the microwave transmitter and the microwave receiver; the environmental detection device includes an anemometer, an atmospheric particle meter, an illuminometer, an atmospheric hygrometer, an atmospheric barometer, and a rain and snow meter; The wind parameters include wind speed, and the anemometer is used to detect the wind speed in the current environment; The atmospheric particulate matter parameters include PM2.5 / PM10 / PM20 values, and the particulate matter meter is used to detect the PM2.5 / PM10 / PM20 values ​​in the current ambient atmosphere; The illumination parameter includes sunlight intensity, and the illuminometer is used to detect the sunlight intensity of the current environment; The atmospheric humidity meter is used to detect the atmospheric humidity of the current environment; The atmospheric pressure gauge is used to detect the atmospheric pressure of the current environment; The rain and snow parameters include precipitation or snowfall, and the rain and snow meter is used to detect the precipitation or snowfall in the current environment.

9. The fog detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The environmental parameters further include atmospheric temperature, latitude and longitude of the current location and altitude, and the environmental detection device further includes an atmospheric thermometer, which is used to detect the atmospheric temperature of the current environment; The latitude and longitude of the current position and the altitude parameters of the current position are calibrated by manual measurement or obtained by a satellite positioning system; Preferably, the microwave frequency of the microwave transmitter is 21 GHz-25 GHz.

10. The fog detection device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The fog detection device further includes a camera visual detection device and an alarm device, wherein the camera visual detection device and the alarm device are respectively connected to the controller signal; the camera visual detection device is used to capture an image of the current environment and send it to the controller, so that the controller can determine whether there is fog in the current environment based on the image of the current environment; When it is determined that there is fog in the current environment, the alarm device is used to receive the alarm signal sent by the controller and issue an alarm; Preferably, the alarm device includes at least one of an audible and visual alarm, a voice alarm and a text message alarm.

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