Multi-source energy system and energy management method and equipment thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-source energy system and an energy management method and equipment thereof, and relates to the field of multi-source energy management, the system comprises a superconducting energy storage system arranged in a vacuum Dewar, and the superconducting energy storage system comprises a superconducting energy storage coil and a cold screen; a liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected with two liquid hydrogen pipelines; wherein the liquid hydrogen in one liquid hydrogen pipeline is heated to the set temperature of the cold shield through the first heater to cool the cold shield, and the liquid hydrogen in the other liquid hydrogen pipeline directly cools the superconducting energy storage coil; the second heater is used for heating and cooling the generated hydrogen steam and the residual liquid hydrogen, and inputting the heated liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen fuel cell; and the energy management module is used for constructing a dual-target optimization strategy considering superconducting energy storage alternating current loss and fuel cell hydrogen consumption, and managing and controlling the hydrogen fuel cell and the superconducting energy storage system to cooperatively supply power to the power utilization system based on the demand of the power utilization system, so that the overall efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell can be improved, and the liquid hydrogen consumption and the cooling cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of multi-source energy management, and in particular to a multi-source energy system and an energy management method and device thereof. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Using hydrogen as fuel and oxygen as an oxidant, it undergoes an electrochemical reaction within an electrolyte membrane, generating water and generating an electric current. This technology boasts high energy density and the ability to store large amounts of energy, making it a typical energy storage technology.

[0003] Because liquid hydrogen has a higher energy density and a much smaller volume than gaseous hydrogen, more hydrogen energy can be stored in a relatively small storage space. Liquid hydrogen also reduces the risk of hydrogen leakage and is relatively easy to handle and transport during transportation. Therefore, hydrogen fuel is often stored in the form of liquid hydrogen in weight-sensitive systems such as ships and electric aircraft. Hydrogen fuel cells need to operate at an appropriate temperature (60-100 degrees Celsius), so before supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell, it needs to be heated to ensure that it reaches the required temperature before entering the fuel cell.

[0004] It can be seen that in the current hydrogen fuel cell system, the process of supplying liquid hydrogen as fuel to the hydrogen fuel cell usually requires the use of a heater to heat the liquid hydrogen to reach a suitable operating temperature. However, this traditional heating process consumes a lot of heat, increases additional energy consumption, leads to energy waste, and reduces the overall efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0005] However, superconducting energy storage, a technology that uses superconducting coils to store and release electromagnetic energy, offers the advantages of high short-term charge and discharge power and high power density, making it a typical power-based energy storage technology. A superconducting energy storage system typically consists of superconducting coils and a refrigeration system. Superconducting coils are made of superconducting materials, which have a much higher current density than conventional conductors, resulting in very high charge and discharge power density. The refrigeration system is used to cool the superconducting material to a cryogenic temperature, preserving its zero-resistance and high current-carrying capacity. Superconducting materials must operate at ultra-low temperatures, typically requiring specialized refrigeration systems to maintain these extremely low temperatures. The refrigeration load on a superconducting energy storage system primarily comes from two sources: first, AC losses and eddy current losses during the superconducting coils' charge and discharge operations, which cause temperature rise. The refrigeration system must promptly remove this heat, otherwise it could burn out the magnets. Second, there is heat leakage from the vacuum dewar itself and from the heating and heat leakage of the current leads.

[0006] It can be seen that in the superconducting energy storage system, the increase in AC loss will directly lead to higher thermal conductivity, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the refrigeration system, increasing the consumption of liquid hydrogen and cooling costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-source energy system and its energy management method and equipment to solve the problems of low overall efficiency, high liquid hydrogen consumption and high cooling cost of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-source energy system, comprising: a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a vacuum dewar, a first heater, a second heater, a hydrogen fuel cell, a power system, and an energy management module connected in sequence.

[0010] A superconducting energy storage system is provided in the vacuum dewar; the superconducting energy storage system comprises a superconducting energy storage coil and a cold shield.

[0011] The liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to two liquid hydrogen pipelines; the liquid hydrogen in one liquid hydrogen pipeline is heated to the set temperature of the cold screen by the first heater to cool the cold screen, and the liquid hydrogen in the other liquid hydrogen pipeline directly cools the superconducting energy storage coil.

[0012] The second heater is used to heat the hydrogen vapor generated by cooling and the remaining liquid hydrogen, and input the heated liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0013] The energy management module is used to construct a dual-objective optimization strategy that takes into account the AC loss of superconducting energy storage and the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell, and based on the needs of the power system, control the coordinated power supply of the hydrogen fuel cell and the superconducting energy storage system to the power system.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy management method applied to the above-mentioned multi-source energy system, comprising the following steps.

[0015] Based on the AC loss prediction model, the AC loss prediction value is determined according to the superconducting energy storage system parameters; wherein the AC loss includes hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and cross-field loss.

[0016] Based on the minimum equivalent hydrogen consumption strategy, the minimum total equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined according to the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the charge and discharge power of the superconducting energy storage system.

[0017] According to the AC loss prediction value and the minimum equivalent hydrogen consumption, a dual-objective optimization strategy considering superconducting energy storage AC loss and fuel cell hydrogen consumption is constructed.

[0018] Based on the needs of the power consumption system, the hydrogen fuel cell and the superconducting energy storage system are controlled according to the dual-objective optimization strategy to collaboratively supply power to the power consumption system.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-mentioned energy management method.

[0020] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: This application is based on a multi-source energy system, combining liquid hydrogen with superconducting energy storage refrigeration technology, first cooling the superconducting energy storage coil with liquid hydrogen so that the liquid hydrogen absorbs part of the heat, and then further heating the liquid hydrogen to achieve a suitable input temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, and based on the energy management method provided in this application, constructing an efficient energy management strategy, which is a dual-objective optimization strategy considering the superconducting energy storage AC loss and the fuel cell hydrogen consumption, and then optimizing the fuel cell hydrogen consumption while reducing the superconducting energy storage AC loss, thereby not only significantly reducing energy consumption and improving the liquid hydrogen conversion efficiency, but also reducing the superconducting energy storage mass refrigeration cost and the fuel cell hydrogen consumption cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a multi-source energy system in one embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a superconducting energy storage system in a vacuum dewar provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a multi-source energy system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 A flowchart of an energy management method applied to a multi-source energy system provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the principle of a dual-objective optimization strategy provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of this application more obvious and easy to understand, this application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0030] The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-source energy system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, a vacuum dewar 2, a first heater 3, a second heater 4, a hydrogen fuel cell 5, an electricity system 6 and an energy management module 7 connected in sequence.

[0031] The vacuum dewar 2 is a low-temperature dewar; a superconducting energy storage system is provided in the vacuum dewar 2; the superconducting energy storage system includes a superconducting energy storage coil 21 and a cold shield 22.

[0032] The liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to two liquid hydrogen pipelines; the liquid hydrogen in one liquid hydrogen pipeline is heated to the set temperature of the cold shield 22 by the first heater 3 to cool the cold shield 22, and the liquid hydrogen in the other liquid hydrogen pipeline directly cools the superconducting energy storage coil 21.

[0033] The second heater 4 is used to heat the hydrogen vapor generated by cooling and the remaining liquid hydrogen, and input the heated liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen fuel cell 5 .

[0034] The energy management module 7 is used to construct a dual-objective optimization strategy that takes into account the AC loss of superconducting energy storage and the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell, and based on the needs of the power system 6, controls the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the superconducting energy storage system to coordinate power supply to the power system 6.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the superconducting energy storage system further includes: a first cooling copper pipe 23 , a second cooling copper pipe 24 , a pull rod 25 , a current lead 26 and a vacuum pump 27 .

[0036] The first cooling copper pipe 23 is connected to the first heater 3; the second cooling copper pipe 24 is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank through a flow valve.

[0037] The pull rod 25 is used to fix the superconducting energy storage coil 21 inside the cold shield 22 .

[0038] The current lead 26 is used to connect the superconducting energy storage coil 21 to the power system 6 .

[0039] The vacuum pump 27 is used to maintain the vacuum state inside the vacuum dewar 2 .

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the first cooling copper pipe 23 and the second cooling copper pipe 24 merge at the outlet of the vacuum dewar 2 and are connected to the second heater 4 .

[0041] Furthermore, the superconducting energy storage coil 21 is used to store and release electrical energy and is fixed in the cold shield 22 via a pull rod 25 .

[0042] Furthermore, the cold shield 22 is used to reduce the heat load of the superconducting coil. The temperature of the cold shield 22 is 80K and is cooled by a first cooling copper pipe 23 connected to the first heater 3 .

[0043] Furthermore, the second cooling copper pipe 24 is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 through a flow valve, and the flow valve is used to control the liquid hydrogen flow to maintain a stable temperature.

[0044] Furthermore, the current lead 26 is used to connect the superconducting energy storage coil 21 to the power system 6 .

[0045] Furthermore, the vacuum pump 27 is used to maintain the vacuum state inside the low-temperature Dewar.

[0046] Furthermore, the first cooling copper pipe 23 and the second cooling copper pipe 24 merge at the outlet of the low-temperature Dewar and are connected to the second heater 4.

[0047] The first heater 3 is used to heat the liquid hydrogen to 80K to cool the cold shield 22 .

[0048] The second heater 4 is used to heat the low-temperature hydrogen vapor and the remaining liquid hydrogen generated during the cooling process. The outlet of the second heater 4 is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 .

[0049] The hydrogen fuel cell 5 is used to receive the heated hydrogen and use it as fuel to generate electrical energy. The power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 is electrically connected to the power system 6.

[0050] The power system 6 is powered by the superconducting energy storage coil 21 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 .

[0051] The energy management module 7 is used to obtain the demand of the power system 6 and control the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and superconducting energy storage.

[0052] The liquid hydrogen pipeline at the liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is divided into two paths. One path of liquid hydrogen is heated to 80K by the first heater 3 and then cools the cold shield 22 installed in the low-temperature dewar. The other path of liquid hydrogen directly cools the superconducting energy storage coil 21 in the cold shield 22.

[0053] The system principle diagram of this application is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0054] In practice, liquid hydrogen in liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 cools cold shield 22 and superconducting energy storage coil 21 within it via first cooling copper pipes 23 and 25. Evaporated low-temperature hydrogen vapor and remaining liquid hydrogen are heated by second heater 4 and fed into hydrogen fuel cell 5, where superconducting energy storage coil 21 recovers braking and surge energy. Under the control of energy management module 7, hydrogen fuel cell 5 and superconducting energy storage work together to power power system 6.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the present application provides an energy management method applied to the above-mentioned multi-source energy system, including the following steps.

[0056] S1: Based on the AC loss prediction model, the AC loss prediction value is determined according to the superconducting energy storage system parameters; wherein the AC loss includes hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and cross-field loss.

[0057] S2: Based on the minimum equivalent hydrogen consumption strategy, the minimum total equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined according to the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the charge and discharge power of the superconducting energy storage system.

[0058] S3: Based on the predicted AC loss value and the minimum equivalent hydrogen consumption, a dual-objective optimization strategy considering superconducting energy storage AC loss and fuel cell hydrogen consumption is constructed.

[0059] S4: Based on the needs of the power consumption system, the hydrogen fuel cell and the superconducting energy storage system are controlled according to the dual-objective optimization strategy to collaboratively supply power to the power consumption system.

[0060] The principle of dual-objective optimization strategy is as follows Figure 5 As shown, P sc0 and P fc0 is the initial value set for the output power of the superconducting energy storage system and the hydrogen fuel cell 5, P’ sc and P’ fcFor the intermediate values ​​of the output power of the superconducting energy storage system and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 during the multiple optimization processes, the AC loss prediction model, i.e., formula (1)-formula (3), can be used to obtain the AC loss prediction value, wherein the AC loss includes hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and cross-field loss; is the energy loss per unit length per cycle, i.e. hysteresis loss, is the vacuum permeability, is the critical current of the superconducting tape in the superconducting energy storage coil, is the amplitude of the applied AC current, is the power loss per unit volume (W / m³), i.e. eddy current loss, is the magnetic field amplitude, is the frequency, is the metal conductivity, is the metal thickness, is the loss per unit volume, i.e. the cross-field loss, Alternating magnetic field amplitude, is the coupling time constant, reflecting the inductive coupling strength between multiple strands, is the effective coupling length.

[0061] (1) (2) (3) Furthermore, the equivalent hydrogen consumption can be obtained by the equivalent hydrogen consumption minimum strategy, which takes into account the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the charge and discharge power of the superconducting energy storage system. The specific calculation process and the data based on it are shown in formula (4), where is the total equivalent hydrogen consumption, is the instantaneous output power of the fuel cell at time t, is the power input of the superconducting energy storage system in the charging state at time t, is the fuel cell efficiency, is the feedback efficiency of the superconducting energy storage system, It is the lower heating value of hydrogen.

[0062] (4) Then, the optimization algorithm is used to achieve weighted minimization of the two. The objective function is shown in formula (5), where: is the weight coefficient, F is the objective function, minF is the dual-objective optimization result of minimizing the AC loss of superconducting energy storage and minimizing the hydrogen consumption of fuel cells. T For the total time.

[0063] The constraint function is shown in formula (6), and the objective function The optimization process is shown in equations (7) and (8), where: Braking energy and surge energy recovered by superconducting energy storage, P sc and P fc is the output power of the superconducting energy storage system and hydrogen fuel cell 5, L is a superconducting energy storage inductor, I is the superconducting energy storage current, t is the superconducting energy storage release time, V is the fuel cell voltage, F is the Faraday constant, is the hydrogen molar flow rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 5, is the iteration coefficient, is the output power of the superconducting energy storage system at time k+1; is the output power of the superconducting energy storage system at time k.

[0064] (5) (6) (7) (8) This application comprehensively considers and analyzes the low-temperature characteristics of liquid hydrogen, the electromagnetic characteristics of superconducting energy storage, and the electrochemical characteristics of fuel cells. Low-temperature liquid hydrogen is used as the cooling medium for superconducting energy storage, so that it absorbs heat and heats up while cooling the superconducting energy storage coil 21, ensuring the stable electromagnetic characteristics of superconducting energy storage. After being heated by the heater, it is supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell 5 to ensure the smooth progress of the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell. A dual-objective optimization strategy is formulated to reduce the AC loss of superconducting energy storage and the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell. The energy management module 7 intelligently controls the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the superconducting energy storage system to form an efficient cold energy recovery and utilization mechanism, thereby improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 5, reducing the refrigeration burden of the superconducting energy storage, reducing the consumption of liquid hydrogen, and improving the overall energy utilization rate of the system.

[0065] This application combines superconducting energy storage refrigeration technology with the liquid hydrogen conversion process to address the energy waste problem currently encountered during heating. Specifically, this application achieves the dual use of liquid hydrogen between the superconducting energy storage coil and the hydrogen fuel cell. By cooling the superconducting energy storage coil, the liquid hydrogen absorbs some of the heat, which is then heated by a heater and supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell. By recycling the heat from the refrigeration process, energy conversion efficiency can be increased by 10% to 20%.

[0066] In superconducting energy storage systems, increased AC losses will directly lead to higher heat loads, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the refrigeration system, increasing liquid hydrogen consumption and cooling costs. At the same time, in fuel cell systems, increased hydrogen fuel consumption not only increases the cost of using hydrogen fuel itself, but also leads to additional energy expenses, such as the energy consumption required during storage and supply. If braking energy and surge energy are not efficiently utilized, not only will hydrogen consumption fail to be reduced, but net energy loss will result due to the energy consumption of the recovery system itself. Therefore, formulating a suitable energy management strategy to coordinate the balance between superconducting energy storage AC losses and fuel cell hydrogen consumption is crucial to improving the overall performance of the system. Through optimized control, the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell can be reduced while ensuring the efficient operation of the superconducting energy storage, so that the system can reach the optimal state in terms of energy utilization efficiency, system economy and operational stability, thereby achieving more efficient multi-energy collaborative management.

[0067] A search revealed some similar research and patents, but no system structure and method that can achieve electric and thermal integration, or an energy management solution that can optimize both superconducting energy storage AC losses and fuel cell hydrogen consumption, has been found. Similar patents are as follows: Chinese Patent Application Number: 202111448892.8, Patent Name: A Closed-Loop High-Efficiency Superconducting Liquid Hydrogen Energy Storage System. The patent self-description is: This application discloses a closed-loop high-efficiency superconducting liquid hydrogen energy storage system, including a clean energy superconducting power generation device, a seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen liquefaction device, a hydrogen fuel cell and a liquid hydrogen storage device. The output end of the clean energy superconducting power generation device is electrically connected to the input end of the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device. A closed hydrogen cycle connection is achieved between the hydrogen fuel cell, seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device, hydrogen liquefaction device and liquid hydrogen storage device. The advantages are that a superconducting motor is used as a power generation device, liquid hydrogen is used as a superconducting cold source for cooling, hydrogen is produced by electrolysis of seawater, an efficient hydrogen fuel cell is used for power supply, liquid hydrogen is produced by the reverse Brayton helium cycle refrigeration principle, and a liquid hydrogen zero-evaporation system is used for storage. The entire system operates in a closed cycle, relying only on ocean wind and wave energy for energy input, and can continuously output liquid hydrogen. At the same time, this application can also realize the desalination function.

[0068] Note: The main differences between this patent and the present application are: ① The basic principles differ. This patent utilizes clean energy (such as ocean wind and wave power) to generate electricity, electrolyze seawater to produce hydrogen, and then liquefy and store the hydrogen, achieving a closed hydrogen cycle. The system utilizes a reverse Brayton cycle to produce liquid hydrogen and features zero-evaporation storage, further improving hydrogen energy utilization and storage efficiency. This application utilizes hydrogen fuel cells and superconducting energy storage as the primary energy supply devices. Liquid hydrogen is used as a cold source to cool the superconducting energy storage coils, while a heater heats the liquid hydrogen, converting it into fuel for the hydrogen fuel cell, achieving efficient energy conversion. ② The core content differs. This patent utilizes clean ocean energy as the sole energy input, aiming to establish an independent energy supply system with the additional function of seawater desalination. It designs closed-cycle operation, reverse Brayton helium cycle refrigeration, and liquid hydrogen zero-evaporation technology. This application focuses on the combination of superconducting energy storage and hydrogen fuel cells to improve the efficiency of integrated power and heat systems. It also proposes an optimized control strategy based on the AC losses of superconducting energy storage and the hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cells, focusing on reducing refrigeration and hydrogen fuel costs.

[0069] Chinese patent application number: 202210428868.6, patent name: A method and device for preparing liquid hydrogen from offshore off-grid superconducting wind power. The patent self-description is: This application discloses a method and device for preparing liquid hydrogen from offshore off-grid superconducting wind power. The method of this application includes electrolyzing seawater to obtain hydrogen based on the electric energy output by the offshore off-grid superconducting wind turbine, liquefying the hydrogen into prepared liquid hydrogen, and outputting a portion of the liquid hydrogen as a refrigerant for the offshore off-grid superconducting wind turbine; the device of this application includes a liquid production platform, an offshore off-grid superconducting wind turbine, a seawater electrolysis unit, a hydrogen liquefaction unit and a liquid hydrogen storage unit. The power supply ends of the seawater electrolysis unit and the hydrogen liquefaction unit are connected to the output end of the offshore off-grid superconducting wind turbine, and the hydrogen liquefaction unit is connected to the coolant input end of the offshore off-grid superconducting wind turbine. This application can utilize the power generation of superconducting wind turbines to achieve both superconducting wind turbine cooling and liquid hydrogen, effectively solving the capacity expansion problem faced by offshore wind turbines, and at the same time solving the problems of power storage, transmission and grid connection in offshore wind farms.

[0070] Note: The main differences between this patent and the present application are: ① The application objects are different. This patent is aimed at offshore wind power application scenarios, especially for offshore off-grid conditions, using wind energy to achieve self-circulating cooling and hydrogen energy storage to meet the long-distance power storage and transportation needs of offshore wind power. This application is biased towards power system energy management and is suitable for scenarios requiring efficient power supply and heat energy conversion. ② The basic principles are different. This patent directly uses the electricity of superconducting wind turbines to electrolyze seawater to produce hydrogen, which is then liquefied and used as a coolant to cool the superconducting wind turbines. This method forms a relatively independent energy circulation system, using wind power to cool offshore off-grid superconducting wind turbines, solving the expansion and power storage problems of offshore wind power. The present application includes components such as hydrogen fuel cells, superconducting energy storage coils, liquid hydrogen storage tanks, and cryogenic dewars. Liquid hydrogen is used to cool the superconducting energy storage coils, which absorb heat and then heat up to convert them into fuel for the hydrogen fuel cell, achieving efficient energy conversion, and incorporating an optimized control strategy based on superconducting energy storage and hydrogen fuel cells. ③ This patent, with its core content differing, combines liquid hydrogen production with superconducting wind turbine cooling in an offshore off-grid environment. This off-grid operation enhances the independence and remote application capabilities of superconducting wind turbines, addressing the challenges of offshore wind power expansion and energy storage. This application utilizes liquid hydrogen as a dual medium (cooling source and fuel) and proposes an optimized control strategy to improve energy conversion efficiency and reduce cooling and fuel costs.

[0071] Chinese Patent Application No. 202222065406.0, Patent Name: A DC Superconducting Liquid Hydrogen Energy Pipeline System with Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Shield. The patent description reads: "This utility model discloses a DC superconducting liquid hydrogen energy pipeline system with liquid nitrogen cooling shield, comprising a superconducting energy pipeline system starting station A, a superconducting energy pipeline system continuing station B, and a superconducting energy pipeline system terminal station C, which are sequentially connected via a liquid hydrogen superconducting pipeline with liquid nitrogen cooling shield. The liquid hydrogen superconducting pipeline with liquid nitrogen cooling shield comprises a liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline, a liquid nitrogen cooling shield layer, an external cold insulation layer, and a superconducting cable assembly disposed within the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline. Liquid nitrogen cooling shields are disposed in sections outside the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline, and the bottom and top of each section of the liquid nitrogen cooling shield are connected to a liquid nitrogen supply pipeline and a nitrogen recovery pipeline, respectively, via pipelines." The utility model can be applied to large-scale new energy bases for DC superconducting power transmission. The surplus electricity can be used for electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen can provide a low-temperature environment for superconductivity after liquefaction. Therefore, the entire system can achieve the advantages of large-capacity, low-loss, high-efficiency transmission of energy, and synergistic complementarity of hydrogen and electricity.

[0072] Note: The main differences between this patent and the present application are: ① The application targets are different. This patent is suitable for DC power transmission scenarios in large-scale new energy bases, especially for ultra-long-distance power transmission. By combining liquid hydrogen and liquid nitrogen, it can achieve synergy between electrolytic hydrogen production, superconducting power transmission, and long-distance hydrogen energy transportation. This application is mainly applied to integrated energy supply and cooling systems, suitable for providing efficient power and heat energy conversion. ② The basic principle is different. This patent uses a liquid nitrogen cold shield layer combined with liquid hydrogen transmission pipelines to provide cooling. The liquid hydrogen is used to maintain a low temperature environment, and the liquid nitrogen cold shield helps reduce heat loss during the cooling process. This design improves the system's cooling capacity and is suitable for long-distance power transmission. This application includes components such as a hydrogen fuel cell, a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a cryogenic dewar, and a superconducting energy storage coil. Liquid hydrogen is used as a cooling source to maintain a low temperature for the superconducting energy storage coil, and the heated hydrogen is used as fuel for the hydrogen fuel cell. ③ The core content is different. This patent combines a liquid nitrogen cold shield layer with a liquid hydrogen transmission pipeline, further improving cooling efficiency through the liquid nitrogen cold shield on top of liquid hydrogen cooling. This design helps improve the stability and efficiency of long-distance power transmission, forming a highly efficient and low-loss hydrogen-electricity synergistic system. The core of this application is to optimize control strategies and the multi-purpose application of liquid hydrogen, using liquid hydrogen as both a cooling source and a fuel to improve energy conversion efficiency and economic efficiency.

[0073] Chinese Patent Application Number: CN202410893281.1, Patent Name: Control Method, System, Equipment, and Medium for Hydrogen Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Device. The patent description reads: "This application discloses a control method, system, equipment, and medium for a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device. By acquiring real-time power data from the power grid, a first power control demand of the power grid is calculated. Based on the first power control demand, a power output instruction for the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit is determined. A second power control demand of the power grid is determined based on the first power control demand and the power output instruction. The second power control demand is then input into a constructed state prediction model for the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit to obtain a temperature prediction value after the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit responds. Based on the temperature prediction value, the operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is analyzed, and based on the analysis result, the operation of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is controlled. This control method improves the overall safety performance of the device, maximizes the release of energy storage resources, minimizes unbalanced power in the power grid, and provides strong operational stability and a long service life."

[0074] Note: The main differences between this patent and the present application are: ① Different applications. This patent is applicable to power regulation and stability maintenance for large-scale power grids, particularly in scenarios requiring balancing fluctuating grid power, such as renewable energy integration, peak shaving, or emergency power support. This application is primarily applicable to energy management systems, such as electric ships or stationary power applications, and aims to provide an efficient power and heat conversion solution. ② Different underlying principles. This patent focuses on the operational control of liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage devices. By acquiring real-time grid power data, it adjusts the output and operating status of the energy storage device to smooth grid power fluctuations, improve grid stability, and enhance the device's service life. This application focuses on the integration of hydrogen fuel cells and superconducting energy storage, leveraging the dual functions of liquid hydrogen (cooling and fuel supply) to improve energy conversion efficiency. An optimized control strategy based on the AC losses of superconducting energy storage and hydrogen consumption in the fuel cell is proposed to reduce cooling and fuel costs in power supply and storage. The goal is to achieve efficient energy management through integrated power and heat. ③ The core content is different. This patent is based on a state prediction model and a real-time control algorithm, combined with liquid hydrogen and superconducting magnetic energy storage technology, to achieve a high degree of integration between grid power regulation and device status monitoring, thereby improving system stability and life. It focuses more on the control optimization of liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage devices to ensure their reliability and efficiency in grid regulation. This application proposes a new energy integration solution that utilizes the heat absorption of liquid hydrogen and the energy supply characteristics of hydrogen fuel cells to achieve efficient electrical-thermal conversion, and further reduces costs through optimization strategies. It focuses on energy system design, focusing on solving the problem of efficient coordination between hydrogen fuel cells and superconducting energy storage.

[0075] Chinese patent application number: CN202310815042.X, patent name: A control method for a liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system. The patent self-description is: This application discloses a control method for a liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system, wherein the method includes: determining the system power and system capacity based on a simulated liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system; optimizing the design of the system device based on the system power and system capacity; establishing a full life cycle cost model of the liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system based on the system power, system capacity and the optimized device; determining the grid frequency regulation benefits of the liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system based on the system power, system capacity and the optimized device; establishing a comprehensive benefit model of the liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system based on the full life cycle cost model and the grid frequency regulation benefits, and determining the economically optimal operating mode of the liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system through optimization solution, and thereby controlling the operation of the system. This application conducts reasonable evaluation and control of the system operation process to improve the operating economy of the liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage system.

[0076] Note: The main differences between this patent and the present application are: ① Their application targets differ. This patent is suitable for large-scale energy storage projects, particularly those that require grid frequency regulation, and aims to maximize economic benefits through optimal design and operation strategies. This application is suitable for scenarios requiring efficient energy management, enabling highly integrated applications of electricity and thermal energy (such as electric ships or stationary power systems). ② Their fundamental principles differ. This patent proposes a system-level optimization and control method that integrates equipment design, operating costs, and grid benefits, achieving a balance between economics and performance based on a full lifecycle assessment. Through modeling and problem-solving, it seeks optimal solutions for both operation and design, maximizing the overall benefits of the system. This application designs a dual energy utilization (cooling and fuel supply) and optimization strategy to improve system energy efficiency and reduce operating costs. It focuses on energy system optimization design, addressing efficient collaboration and energy conversion between energy storage devices and fuel cells. ③ Their core content differs. This patent focuses on optimizing the design and operation of liquid hydrogen superconducting eutectic energy storage systems to improve their economics and grid frequency regulation benefits. Its goal is to establish a comprehensive benefit model and identify the most economically efficient operating method. It emphasizes full lifecycle optimization, from system design to operation. This application is dedicated to using liquid hydrogen as both a cooling medium and a fuel supply, combining hydrogen fuel cells with superconducting energy storage coils, and proposing an optimized control strategy based on superconducting energy storage AC losses and fuel cell hydrogen consumption to achieve efficient electric and thermal integrated energy management, with a focus on optimizing energy conversion efficiency and reducing cooling and fuel costs.

[0077] This application aims to solve the energy management problems of superconducting energy storage and hydrogen fuel cells based on the utilization of liquid hydrogen cold energy. The process of supplying liquid hydrogen as fuel to hydrogen fuel cells requires the use of a heater to heat the liquid hydrogen to reach a suitable operating temperature. This heating process consumes a lot of heat, increases additional energy consumption, and reduces the overall efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell. Superconducting energy storage requires refrigeration to maintain a suitable operating temperature. This application combines liquid hydrogen with superconducting energy storage refrigeration technology and constructs an efficient energy management strategy to optimize system energy utilization. Specifically, the superconducting energy storage coil is first cooled by liquid hydrogen, so that the liquid hydrogen absorbs some heat, and then further heated to reach the appropriate input temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell. A dual-objective optimization strategy considering the superconducting energy storage AC loss and the fuel cell hydrogen consumption is proposed. While reducing the superconducting energy storage AC loss, the fuel cell hydrogen consumption is optimized. In this way, not only can energy consumption be significantly reduced and the efficiency of liquid hydrogen conversion be improved, but also the superconducting energy storage refrigeration cost and the fuel cell hydrogen consumption cost can be reduced.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer device can be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure can be as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, abbreviated as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, memory and input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store data to be processed. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, an energy management method is implemented.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the solution of the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. A specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0080] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0081] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above examples is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the concept of this application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A multi-source energy system, characterized in that: include: The liquid hydrogen storage tank, vacuum dewar, first heater, second heater, hydrogen fuel cell, power system and energy management module are connected in sequence; A superconducting energy storage system is provided in the vacuum dewar; the superconducting energy storage system includes a superconducting energy storage coil and a cold shield; The liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to two liquid hydrogen pipelines; wherein, the liquid hydrogen in one liquid hydrogen pipeline is heated to the set temperature of the cold shield by the first heater to cool the cold shield, and the liquid hydrogen in the other liquid hydrogen pipeline directly cools the superconducting energy storage coil; The second heater is used to heat the hydrogen vapor and remaining liquid hydrogen generated by cooling, and input the heated liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen fuel cell; The energy management module is used to construct a dual-objective optimization strategy that takes into account the AC loss of superconducting energy storage and the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell, and based on the needs of the power system, control the coordinated power supply of the hydrogen fuel cell and the superconducting energy storage system to the power system.

2. The multi-source energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superconducting energy storage system further includes: a first cooling copper pipe, a second cooling copper pipe, a pull rod, a current lead and a vacuum pump; The first cooling copper pipe is connected to the first heater; the second cooling copper pipe is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank through a flow valve; The pull rod is used to fix the superconducting energy storage coil in the cold shield; The current lead is used to connect the superconducting energy storage coil to the power system; The vacuum pump is used to maintain the vacuum state inside the vacuum Dewar.

3. The multi-source energy system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cooling copper pipe and the second cooling copper pipe merge at the outlet of the vacuum dewar and are connected to the second heater.

4. An energy management method applied to a multi-source energy system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: Based on the AC loss prediction model, the AC loss prediction value is determined according to the superconducting energy storage system parameters; wherein the AC loss includes hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and cross-field loss; Based on the minimum equivalent hydrogen consumption strategy, the minimum total equivalent hydrogen consumption is determined according to the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the charge and discharge power of the superconducting energy storage system; Based on the AC loss prediction value and the minimum equivalent hydrogen consumption, a dual-objective optimization strategy considering the superconducting energy storage AC loss and the fuel cell hydrogen consumption is constructed; Based on the needs of the power consumption system, the hydrogen fuel cell and the superconducting energy storage system are controlled according to the dual-objective optimization strategy to collaboratively supply power to the power consumption system.

5. The energy management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The AC loss prediction model is: in, is the energy loss per unit length per cycle, i.e. hysteresis loss; is the vacuum permeability; is the critical current of the superconducting tape in the superconducting energy storage coil; is the amplitude of the applied AC current; is the power loss per unit volume, i.e. eddy current loss; is the magnetic field amplitude; is the frequency; is the metal conductivity; is the metal thickness; is the loss per unit volume, i.e., the cross-field loss; Alternating magnetic field amplitude; is the coupling time constant; is the effective coupling length.

6. The energy management method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The minimum total equivalent hydrogen consumption is: in, is the total equivalent hydrogen consumption; is the instantaneous output power of the fuel cell at time t; is the power input of the superconducting energy storage system in the charging state at time t; for fuel cell efficiency; The feedback efficiency of the superconducting energy storage system; is the lower calorific value of hydrogen; T For the total time.

7. The energy management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dual-objective optimization strategy is: Among them, min This is the dual-objective optimization result of minimizing the AC loss of superconducting energy storage and minimizing the hydrogen consumption of fuel cells; w is the weight coefficient.

8. The energy management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The constraint function of the dual-objective optimization strategy is: in, Braking energy and surge energy recovered for superconducting energy storage; P sc and P fc Output power for superconducting energy storage systems and hydrogen fuel cells; is the load demand; L It is a superconducting energy storage inductor; I is the superconducting energy storage current; t is the superconducting energy storage release time; V is the voltage of a single hydrogen fuel cell, F is the Faraday constant, is the hydrogen molar flow rate of the hydrogen fuel cell.

9. The energy management method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the needs of the power system, the hydrogen fuel cell and the superconducting energy storage system are controlled to provide coordinated power to the power system according to the dual-objective optimization strategy, which also includes: use and Optimize the dual-objective optimization strategy; wherein, is the iteration coefficient; is the output power of the superconducting energy storage system at time k+1; is the output power of the superconducting energy storage system at time k.

10. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the energy management method according to any one of claims 4 to 9.

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