Heat dissipation structure of excitation system of hydraulic generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydro-generator excitation system heat dissipation structure which comprises a carbon brush support, a carbon brush seat and a lower fan blade, the carbon brush support is fixedly installed on a base, the carbon brush support is installed outside a main shaft of a hydro-generator in a sleeving mode, the main shaft is sleeved with the lower fan blade, a collecting ring is installed on the lower fan blade in a supporting mode, and the main shaft penetrates through the collecting ring. The carbon brush holder is installed on the carbon brush support, the carbon brush holder is located on the outer side of the collector ring, the carbon brush holder is used for installing a carbon brush assembly, and a gap is formed between the collector ring and the main shaft. A certain interval is formed between the collecting ring and the main shaft, heat is not prone to being transmitted to the main shaft, when the main shaft rotates to drive the lower fan blades to rotate, air is made to circulate up and down, when the air flows, the heat on the collecting ring is taken away, the better heat dissipation effect is achieved, and the temperature rise of an excitation system is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation of a hydro-generator excitation system, and in particular to a heat dissipation structure of a hydro-generator excitation system. Background Art

[0002] Carbon brushes and collector rings are the excitation current channels of the hydro-generator excitation system. The excitation current is transmitted to the carbon brushes through the brush holder, and then to the collector rings through the carbon brushes to realize current transmission. The contact state of the carbon brushes and collector rings is directly related to whether the entire excitation system can operate normally. The friction between the carbon brushes and the collector rings will generate frictional heat, causing the contact surface temperature to rise. If the heat cannot be effectively dissipated, the collector ring surface will be damaged, further affecting the contact between the carbon brushes and the collector rings, resulting in local poor contact, which will cause the collector rings to burn, spark, abnormal wear and other abnormalities.

[0003] The relative rotation between the carbon brush and the collector ring will drive the surrounding air flow, and under the action of friction, the surrounding air temperature will also rise. If the high-temperature air is not discharged in time, this effect will react on the carbon brush-collector ring, causing the joint surface temperature to continue to rise, causing frequent failures in the excitation system.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese patent document CN107046341A discloses a double-fed wind turbine generator collector ring system and bearing ventilation and cooling device, comprising a cylindrical housing, a rotor terminal box and a carbon dust collection device disposed on the side of the cylindrical housing and communicating therewith, and a motor end cap disposed at the end of the cylindrical housing and separated therefrom. A rotating shaft is disposed at the center of the cylindrical housing, on which a collector ring is mounted. A centrifugal fan is located at the front end of the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the collector ring. The rotating shaft drives the collector ring and the centrifugal fan to rotate together. The system is characterized by: solving the problems of short circuits caused by heating of the bearings and collector rings and carbon dust accumulation, effectively reducing the probability of failure, improving the reliability of the double-fed wind turbine operation, and reducing the maintenance cost of the generator. However, the system has the disadvantage that, because the collector ring and the rotating shaft are installed with an interference fit, the heat from the collector ring is not easily dissipated and is transferred to the rotating shaft, causing the rotating shaft temperature to increase.

[0005] In addition, Chinese patent document CN116131050A discloses a relatively fixed device for heat dissipation and cooling of carbon brushes, which realizes heat dissipation by installing a heat dissipation mechanism on the collector ring. However, due to the high-speed rotation of the collector ring, this installation method is not conducive to the dynamic balance and installation of the collector ring. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation structure of a hydro-generator excitation system, in which a lower fan blade is mounted on the main shaft, and the lower fan blade rotates with the main shaft. A collector ring is supported and installed on the lower fan blade, and the collector ring rotates with the lower fan blade, and there is a gap between the collector ring and the main shaft. Not only is it not easy to transfer heat to the main shaft, but when the main shaft rotates, the lower fan blade is driven to rotate, so that air circulates up and down. When the air flows, the heat on the collector ring is taken away, bringing better heat dissipation effect, and effectively reducing the temperature rise of the excitation system.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a heat dissipation structure of a hydro-generator excitation system, comprising a carbon brush holder, a carbon brush holder and a lower fan blade. The carbon brush holder is fixedly mounted on a base, the carbon brush holder is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft of the hydro-generator, the lower fan blade is sleeved on the main shaft, a collector ring is supported and mounted on the lower fan blade, the main shaft passes through the collector ring, the carbon brush holder is mounted on the carbon brush holder, the carbon brush holder is located on the outside of the collector ring, the carbon brush holder is used to install a carbon brush assembly, and there is a gap between the collector ring and the main shaft.

[0008] The lower fan blade includes a lower ring plate, an upper ring plate and oblique blades. The inner hole diameter of the lower ring plate is smaller than the inner hole diameter of the upper ring plate. The upper ring plate is located on the upper side of the lower ring plate. The lower ring plate and the upper ring plate are connected and fixed by multiple oblique blades. The inner hole of the lower ring plate is installed and connected to the main shaft; the collector ring is supported and installed on the upper side of the lower ring plate by multiple support columns, and the carbon brush holder and collector ring are located in the inner area of ​​the upper ring plate.

[0009] The main shaft is provided with a first step, and the lower ring plate is installed on the first step.

[0010] The carbon brush holder includes a top plate and pillars, a plurality of pillars are fixedly connected to the lower side of the top plate, the pillars are fixedly mounted on the base, and the carbon brush holder is mounted on the lower side of the top plate through a plurality of suspension columns.

[0011] The carbon brush holder also includes a first spacer ring and a second spacer ring, both of which are connected to the pillar, a maintenance window is formed between the top plate and the first spacer ring, and an air outlet is formed between the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring, the carbon brush holder is located in the maintenance window, the lower fan blade is located in the air outlet, and the height of the air outlet is adapted to the height of the lower fan blade.

[0012] A ring sleeve is further installed on the lower ring plate outside the main shaft, and the height of the ring sleeve is not less than the height of the top surface of the upper ring plate.

[0013] The collector ring is evenly distributed with a plurality of inclined heat dissipation holes in a circular shape. The heat dissipation holes penetrate the upper and lower side surfaces of the collector ring and are inclined toward one side of the collector ring's rotation direction.

[0014] The upper side surface of the collector ring is provided with an oblique slot hole at the upper end corresponding to the heat dissipation hole.

[0015] There are two carbon brush holders and two slip rings, the two carbon brush holders are supported and connected by a first isolating member, and the two slip rings are supported and connected by a second isolating member, and the positions of the two carbon brush holders and the two slip rings correspond one to one.

[0016] A center hole is provided on the top plate, and a second step is provided on the main shaft above the collector ring. The upper fan blades are installed on the second step, and the upper fan blades are located in the center hole; the upper fan blades include a support ring and a plurality of spiral blades evenly distributed and fixed on the outer wall of the support ring, and the spiral blades are used to blow the airflow to one side of the collector ring.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: 1. The present invention has a lower fan blade mounted on the main shaft, which rotates with the main shaft. A collector ring is supported and installed on the lower fan blade, which rotates with the lower fan blade. There is a gap between the collector ring and the main shaft, which makes it difficult for the collector ring to transfer heat to the main shaft. When the main shaft rotates, it drives the lower fan blade to rotate, so that air circulates up and down. When the air flows, the heat on the collector ring is taken away. Since the collector ring is supported on the lower fan blade, the collector ring is in contact with the air on all sides, which brings better heat dissipation effect and effectively reduces the temperature rise of the excitation system.

[0018] 2. The lower ring plate of the present invention is fixedly connected to the main shaft. When the lower fan blade rotates, the air pressure inside the upper ring plate is reduced through the inclined blades, so that the air on the upper side of the collector ring flows to the side of the lower ring plate and then flows out from between the lower ring plate and the upper ring plate.

[0019] 3. The present invention provides a ring sleeve to drive air from top to bottom through the collector ring and the carbon brush holder, thereby taking away heat and dust on the collector ring and the carbon brush holder.

[0020] 4. The present invention provides heat dissipation holes in the slip ring. During the slip ring's rotation, air flows through the holes, dissipating heat from the ring, further improving heat dissipation. Furthermore, the provision of the inclined slots increases the air pressure within the slots during the slip ring's rotation, allowing air to flow more smoothly into the heat dissipation holes.

[0021] 5. There is a gap between the collector ring and the main shaft of the present invention, and there is no shield between the upper fan blade and the collector ring, so that wind can enter from the upper fan blade at the upper end of the main shaft and the matching surface of the carbon brush collector ring, and be discharged from the lower fan blade, so that the high-temperature gas is discharged from the contact surface of the carbon brush and the collector ring in time, and at the same time, the air circulation is promoted, the heat dissipation of the collector ring is effectively realized, and the stable operation of the excitation system of the hydro-generator is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the lower fan blade, the collector ring and the upper fan blade of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbon brush holder of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the lower fan blade and the main shaft of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbon brush holder, carbon brush assembly and slip ring of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper fan blade of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram at point A shows the structure of the collector ring with heat dissipation holes.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation holes on the collector ring of the present invention provided with inclined slot holes.

[0033] Reference numerals: Spindle 1, first step 101, second step 102; base 2; Carbon brush holder 10, top plate 11, center hole 111, support 12, first spacer ring 13, second spacer ring 14, maintenance window 15, air outlet 16; Carbon brush holder 20, suspension column 21, first screw portion 211, first isolation member 22; Carbon brush assembly 30, brush holder 31, carbon brush 32; Lower fan blades 40, lower ring plate 41, upper ring plate 42, inclined blades 43, and ring sleeve 44; Slip ring 50, support column 51, second screw portion 511, second spacer 52, inclined slot hole 53, heat dissipation hole 54; Upper fan blade 60 , support ring 61 , spiral blade 62 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that the following examples are merely exemplary illustrations and explanations of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention are encompassed within the scope that the present invention is intended to protect.

[0035] Example 1: See also Figure 1-7 A heat dissipation structure of a hydro-generator excitation system includes a carbon brush holder 10, a carbon brush holder 20 and a lower fan blade 40. The carbon brush holder 10 is fixedly mounted on a base 2. The carbon brush holder 10 is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 1 of the hydro-generator. The main shaft 1 is sleeved with the lower fan blade 40. The lower fan blade 40 is supported and mounted with a slip ring 50. The main shaft 1 passes through the slip ring 50. The carbon brush holder 20 is mounted on the carbon brush holder 10. The carbon brush holder 20 is located on the outside of the slip ring 50. The carbon brush assembly 30 is mounted on the carbon brush holder 20. There is a gap between the slip ring 50 and the main shaft 1.

[0036] A lower fan blade 40 is mounted on the main shaft 1, and the lower fan blade 40 rotates with the main shaft 1. A collector ring 50 is supported and installed on the lower fan blade 1, and the collector ring 50 rotates with the lower fan blade 40. There is a gap between the collector ring 50 and the main shaft 1, so that the collector ring 50 is not easy to transfer heat to the main shaft 1, and when the main shaft 1 rotates, it drives the lower fan blade 40 to rotate, so that air circulates up and down, and when the air flows, the heat on the collector ring 50 is taken away. Since the collector ring 50 is supported on the lower fan blade 40, the collector ring 50 is in contact with the air on all sides, which brings better heat dissipation effect and effectively reduces the temperature rise of the excitation system.

[0037] In this embodiment, the carbon brush assembly 30 includes a brush holder 31 and a carbon brush 32 installed in the brush holder 31. The brush holder 31 is installed on the carbon brush holder 20, and the carbon brush holder 20 is annular.

[0038] Specifically, see Figure 6 The lower fan blade 40 includes a lower ring plate 41, an upper ring plate 42, and oblique blades 43. The inner diameter of the lower ring plate 41 is smaller than that of the upper ring plate 42. The upper ring plate 42 is located on the upper side of the lower ring plate 41. The lower ring plate 41 and the upper ring plate 42 are connected and fixed by multiple oblique blades 43. The inner hole of the lower ring plate 41 is mounted and connected to the main shaft 1. The slip ring 50 is supported and mounted on the upper side of the lower ring plate 41 by multiple support columns 51. The carbon brush holder 20 and the slip ring 50 are located in the inner area of ​​the upper ring plate 42. The lower ring plate 41 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 1. When the lower fan blade 40 rotates, the oblique blades 43 reduce the air pressure inside the upper ring plate 42, causing the air above the slip ring 50 to flow toward the side of the lower ring plate 41 and then flow out from between the lower ring plate 41 and the upper ring plate 42.

[0039] In this embodiment, the oblique blades 43 are radially and annularly distributed between the lower ring plate 41 and the upper ring plate 42 .

[0040] In order to facilitate the positioning and installation of the lower fan blade 40, see Figure 3 A first step 101 is provided on the main shaft 1 , and the lower ring plate 41 is installed on the first step 101 .

[0041] During installation, the lower ring plate 41 can be welded to the first step 101 or installed on the first step 101 by screws.

[0042] See also Figure 1 、 2 5. The carbon brush holder 10 includes a top plate 11 and pillars 12. A plurality of pillars 12 are fixed to the lower side of the top plate 11. The pillars 12 are fixed to the base 2. The carbon brush holder 20 is installed on the lower side of the top plate 11 through a plurality of suspension columns 21.

[0043] Specifically, the pillars 12 are welded to the lower side of the top plate 11, and the pillars 12 can be fixed to the base 2 by bolts or welding. The base 2 can be the shell of the turbine generator stator or a concrete foundation.

[0044] Furthermore, the carbon brush holder 10 also includes a first spacer ring 13 and a second spacer ring 14, both of which are connected to the pillar 12, a maintenance window 15 is formed between the top plate 11 and the first spacer ring 13, and an air outlet 16 is formed between the first spacer ring 13 and the second spacer ring 14, the carbon brush holder 20 is located in the maintenance window 15, and the lower fan blade 40 is located in the air outlet 16, and the height of the air outlet 16 is adapted to the height of the lower fan blade 40.

[0045] The maintenance window 15 facilitates maintenance of the carbon brush assembly 30 on the carbon brush holder 20. When the lower fan blade 40 rotates, air can be directed to the carbon brush holder 20 through the maintenance window 15, thereby cooling the carbon brush holder 20, the carbon brush assembly 30, and the slip ring 50. The air outlet 16 disperses heat generated by the lower fan blade 40 to the outside.

[0046] See also Figure 3 、 6 A sleeve 44 is mounted on the lower ring plate 41 outside the main shaft 1. The height of the sleeve 44 is not less than the height of the top surface of the upper ring plate 42. The sleeve 44 forces air to pass through the slip ring 50 and the carbon brush holder 20 from top to bottom, thereby removing heat and dust from the slip ring 50 and the carbon brush holder 20.

[0047] Specifically, the ring sleeve 44 is welded to the lower ring plate 41 , and the ring sleeve 44 is located inside the slip ring 50 .

[0048] See also Figure 3 、 9The slip ring 50 is provided with a plurality of inclined heat dissipation holes 54 distributed in a circular pattern. The heat dissipation holes 54 extend through the upper and lower sides of the slip ring 50 and are inclined toward the direction of rotation of the slip ring 50. By providing the heat dissipation holes 54 on the slip ring 50, air passes through the heat dissipation holes 54 during the slip ring 50's rotation, dissipating heat from the slip ring 50 and further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0049] Further, see Figure 9 、 10 The upper side of the collector ring 50 is provided with an oblique slot hole 53 at the upper end of the corresponding heat dissipation hole 54. By providing the oblique slot hole 53, the air pressure in the oblique slot hole 53 can be increased during the rotation of the collector ring 50, so that the air can enter the heat dissipation hole 54 more smoothly.

[0050] Specifically, see Figure 10 The inclined slot hole 53 has an arc-shaped inclined slot bottom surface and an inclined side surface. The upper end of the heat dissipation hole 54 is located on the inclined side surface, and the lower end of the inclined side surface is inclined toward the heat dissipation hole 54, so that a wind collection space is formed in the inclined slot hole 53.

[0051] Example 2: Based on Example 1, see Figure 3 、 4 7. Two carbon brush holders 20 and two slip rings 50 are provided. The two carbon brush holders 20 are supported and fixed together by a first spacer 22, and the two slip rings 50 are supported and fixed together by a second spacer 52. The positions of the two carbon brush holders 20 and the two slip rings 50 correspond one to one. The centers of the two slip rings 50 coincide with the center of the main shaft 1 to prevent poor contact between the slip rings and the carbon brushes due to large arc rotation during operation.

[0052] In the above embodiment, see Figure 6 The upper collector ring 50 contacts and cooperates with the upper positive carbon brush, and the lower collector ring 50 contacts and cooperates with the lower negative carbon brush to facilitate the transmission of current.

[0053] Specifically, see Figure 7 The top of the suspension column 21 is provided with a first screw portion 211, see Figure 5 The top plate 11 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes. After the first screw portion 211 is inserted into the mounting holes on the top plate 11, the nuts are installed and fixed. The lower end of the support column 51 is provided with a second screw portion 511, see Figure 4 The lower ring plate 41 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the second screw portion 511 is inserted into the mounting holes on the lower ring plate 41 and then fixed with nuts. The above structure facilitates installation and disassembly.

[0054] Example 3: On the basis of Example 1 or Example 2, see Figure 2 、3 , 4, 8, a center hole 111 is provided on the top plate 11, and a second step 102 is further provided on the main shaft 1 above the slip ring 50. The upper fan blade 60 is mounted on the second step 102 and is located in the center hole 111; the upper fan blade 60 includes a support ring 61 and a plurality of spiral blades 62 evenly distributed and fixed to the outer wall of the support ring 61. The spiral blades 62 are used to blow the airflow toward the side of the slip ring 50. There is a gap between the slip ring 50 and the main shaft 1, and there is no shield between the upper fan blade 60 and the slip ring 50, so that air can enter from the upper fan blade 60 and be discharged from the lower fan blade 40, thereby achieving a better heat dissipation effect.

[0055] In this embodiment, the support ring 61 is fixed on the second step 102 by screws.

[0056] In actual application, the upper fan blade 60 rotates with the rotation of the main shaft 1, so that the wind blows towards the collector ring and carbon brush. The rotation of the main shaft 1 also drives the rotation of the lower fan blade 40 and the collector ring 50. The rotating collector ring 50 rubs against the carbon brush in the fixed carbon brush assembly 30 continuously, and the hot air is discharged from the lower fan blade 40. The airflow is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 Indicated by the arrow.

[0057] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments described are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation structure for a hydro-generator excitation system, characterized by: The invention comprises a carbon brush holder (10), a carbon brush seat (20) and a lower fan blade (40), wherein the carbon brush holder (10) is fixedly mounted on a base (2), the carbon brush holder (10) is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft (1) of the hydro-generator, the main shaft (1) is sleeved with the lower fan blade (40), a collector ring (50) is supported and mounted on the lower fan blade (40), the main shaft (1) passes through the collector ring (50), the carbon brush seat (20) is mounted on the carbon brush holder (10), the carbon brush seat (20) is located outside the collector ring (50), the carbon brush assembly (30) is mounted on the carbon brush holder (20), and a gap is provided between the collector ring (50) and the main shaft (1).

2. The heat dissipation structure of the hydro-generator excitation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower fan blade (40) includes a lower ring plate (41), an upper ring plate (42) and an inclined blade (43). The inner hole diameter of the lower ring plate (41) is smaller than the inner hole diameter of the upper ring plate (42). The upper ring plate (42) is located on the upper side of the lower ring plate (41). The lower ring plate (41) and the upper ring plate (42) are connected and fixed by a plurality of inclined blades (43). The inner hole of the lower ring plate (41) is installed and connected to the main shaft (1). The collector ring (50) is supported and installed on the upper side of the lower ring plate (41) by a plurality of support columns (51). The carbon brush holder (20) and the collector ring (50) are located in the inner area of ​​the upper ring plate (42).

3. The heat dissipation structure of the hydro-generator excitation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first step (101) is provided on the main shaft (1), and the lower ring plate (41) is mounted on the first step (101).

4. The heat dissipation structure of the hydro-generator excitation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon brush holder (10) comprises a top plate (11) and pillars (12), wherein a plurality of pillars (12) are fixedly connected to the lower side of the top plate (11), the pillars (12) are fixedly mounted on the base (2), and the carbon brush holder (20) is mounted on the lower side of the top plate (11) via a plurality of suspension columns (21).

5. The heat dissipation structure of the excitation system of a hydro-generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The carbon brush holder (10) further includes a first spacer ring (13) and a second spacer ring (14), both of which are connected to the pillar (12), a maintenance window (15) is formed between the top plate (11) and the first spacer ring (13), and an air outlet (16) is formed between the first spacer ring (13) and the second spacer ring (14), the carbon brush holder (20) is located in the maintenance window (15), the lower fan blade (40) is located in the air outlet (16), and the height of the air outlet (16) is adapted to the height of the lower fan blade (40).

6. The heat dissipation structure of the hydro-generator excitation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ring sleeve (44) is further mounted on the lower ring plate (41) outside the main shaft (1), and the height of the ring sleeve (44) is not less than the height of the top surface of the upper ring plate (42).

7. The heat dissipation structure of the hydro-generator excitation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector ring (50) is evenly distributed with a plurality of inclined heat dissipation holes (54) in an annular shape. The heat dissipation holes (54) penetrate the upper and lower side surfaces of the collector ring (50), and the heat dissipation holes (54) are inclined toward one side of the rotation direction of the collector ring (50).

8. The heat dissipation structure of the hydro-generator excitation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper side surface of the collector ring (50) is provided with an oblique slot hole (53) at the upper end corresponding to the heat dissipation hole (54).

9. The heat dissipation structure of the excitation system of a hydro-generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Two carbon brush holders (20) and two collector rings (50) are provided, the two carbon brush holders (20) are supported and connected by a first isolating member (22), and the two collector rings (50) are supported and connected by a second isolating member (52), and the positions of the two carbon brush holders (20) and the two collector rings (50) correspond one to one.

10. A heat dissipation structure of a hydro-generator excitation system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A center hole (111) is provided on the top plate (11), and a second step (102) is further provided on the main shaft (1) above the collector ring (50). An upper fan blade (60) is mounted on the second step (102), and the upper fan blade (60) is located in the center hole (111); the upper fan blade (60) includes a support ring (61) and a plurality of spiral blades (62) uniformly fixed to the outer wall of the support ring (61), and the spiral blades (62) are used to blow airflow toward one side of the collector ring (50).

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