Roof cutting pressure relief gob-side entry retaining bottom plate deformation combined supporting structure and method

Abstract

The invention provides a roof-cutting pressure-relief gob-side entry retaining bottom plate deformation combined supporting structure and method, and relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway supporting. According to the roof-cutting pressure-relief gob-side entry retaining bottom plate deformation combined supporting structure and method, in the early stage of entry retaining roadway forming, follow-up caving bulk gangue is blocked and shaped through the flexible supporting body, an anchoring bottom beam, a first U-shaped steel stand column, a second U-shaped steel stand column, a U-shaped steel top beam, a steel belt and an anchor rod / cable are connected to form an initial barrel-shaped cage type structure, and the top-cutting pressure-relief gob-side entry retaining bottom plate deformation combined supporting structure is formed; the support of a roadway bottom plate, one side wall part of solid coal and a top plate is realized under the assistance of the support of hydraulic props; in the later stage of forming of the retained roadway, the overall consolidation structure is connected with the anchoring bottom beam, the first U-shaped steel stand column, the second U-shaped steel stand column, the U-shaped steel top beam, the steel belt and the anchor rod / cable to form a barrel-shaped cage type structure, the barrel-shaped cage type structure bears the pressure of rock mass around the roadway, the pressure of the rock mass around the roadway is dispersed to the barrel-shaped cage type structure, and bottom heave deformation of a roadway bottom plate is effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway support, in particular to a top cutting and pressure relief gob-side roadway retaining bottom plate deformation combined support structure and method. Background Art

[0002] Roof cutting and pressure relief along the goaf is a technology that implements roof cutting operations at a certain distance in front of the mining face in advance. After the working face is mined, the roof above it collapses to form the goaf wall, and support structures such as hydraulic pillars are arranged along the junction of the goaf and the goaf to maintain the original mining goaf. The use of roof cutting and pressure relief along the goaf technology can cut off the mechanical connection between the roof above the working face and the goaf roof, which is more conducive to the collapse of the goaf roof. It not only reduces the pressure on the goaf roof, but also the collapsed loose gangue can control the rotation and deformation of the goaf roof. The application of this technology effectively reduces the amount of goaf excavation, eliminates the protective coal pillar, and improves the coal recovery rate. With the change of the goaf layout, the problem of gas accumulation in the corner of the working face is effectively solved, thereby avoiding problems such as gas exceeding the limit.

[0003] However, due to the varying sizes and shapes of the rock fragments that collapse from the goaf, if the roof is affected by factors such as developed fissures and low compressive strength, the resulting crushed stone wall has a weak bearing capacity and a large compressible space. When the floor of the retained entry deforms under the action of overburden pressure, the crushed stone wall is unable to withstand the pressure caused by the deformation of the floor and is easily compressed. This can cause severe floor heave on the floor of the goaf, causing deformation and damage to the floor rock layer and hydraulic supports, resulting in the failure of the retained entry and even the suspension of production at the working face. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined support structure and method for deformation of the bottom plate of the gob-side retained roadway by top cutting and pressure relief, so as to realize the support of the roadway formed by the gob-side retained roadway technology and control the deformation of the bottom plate of the roadway.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief and gob-side entry retaining floor deformation, comprising:

[0007] Gravel side anchoring assembly, used to anchor the side of the loose gangue in the goaf of the tunnel;

[0008] Solid coal side anchoring assembly, used to anchor the solid coal side of the roadway;

[0009] Bottom plate anchoring assembly, used for anchoring the bottom plate connecting the roadway;

[0010] Roof anchor assembly, used to anchor the roof of the connecting roadway;

[0011] Among them, the gravel side anchoring assembly, the solid coal side anchoring assembly, the bottom plate anchoring assembly and the top plate anchor rod assembly are connected head to tail to form a cylindrical cage structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the gravel side anchoring assembly includes a flexible support body, a first U-shaped steel column, a first steel belt and a grouting anchor. The flexible support body is located on the outer wall of the side of the goaf of the tunnel. The first U-shaped steel column is arranged on the outside of the flexible support body along the vertical direction. The first steel belt is located on the outside of the first U-shaped steel column. The grouting anchor passes through the first steel belt and the flexible support body in sequence. The inner end of the grouting anchor is located in the loose gangue in the goaf, and the outer end of the grouting anchor is used to connect the grouting pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the grouting anchor includes a hollow grouting pipe, a grouting joint, a gasket and a locking nut; a plurality of grouting holes are opened on the wall of the hollow grouting pipe, the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe is connected to the grouting joint, the grouting joint is used to connect the grouting pipeline, and the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe is sequentially arranged with a gasket and a locking nut; the hollow grouting pipe passes through the first steel belt and the flexible support body in sequence, the gasket abuts the flexible support body, and the locking nut is connected to the external thread of the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the gravel wall anchoring assembly further comprises a hydraulic support, both ends of which respectively abut against the bottom plate and the top plate on one side of the goaf of the tunnel.

[0015] Furthermore, the solid coal side anchoring assembly includes a second U-shaped steel column, a second steel belt and a first anchor rod / cable, the second U-shaped steel column is arranged along the vertical direction on the outer wall of the side of the solid coal in the tunnel, the second steel belt is located on the outside of the second U-shaped steel column, the first anchor rod / cable passes through the second steel belt, and the inner end of the first anchor rod / cable is anchored in the solid coal.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom plate anchoring assembly includes an anchoring bottom beam, a third steel belt and a second anchor rod / cable, the anchoring bottom beam is buried in the bottom plate rock layer of the tunnel, the third steel belt is located on the upper side of the anchoring bottom beam, the second anchor rod / cable passes through the third steel belt, and the inner end of the second anchor rod / cable is anchored in the bottom plate rock layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the second anchor rod / cable is arranged at the junction of the tunnel floor and the side.

[0018] Furthermore, the roof anchor assembly includes a U-shaped steel top beam, a fourth steel belt and a third anchor rod / cable, the U-shaped steel top beam fits the tunnel roof, the fourth steel belt is located on the lower side of the U-shaped steel top beam, the third anchor rod / cable passes through the fourth steel belt, and the inner end of the third anchor rod / cable is anchored in the roof rock layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the lower ends of the first U-shaped steel column and the second U-shaped steel column are connected to the two ends of the anchor bottom beam, and the upper ends of the first U-shaped steel column and the second U-shaped steel column are connected to the two ends of the U-shaped steel top beam.

[0020] A method for combined support of floor deformation for gob-side entry retention with roof cutting and pressure relief is provided, which is used to construct the above-mentioned combined support structure for floor deformation for gob-side entry retention with roof cutting and pressure relief. The method comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. Carry out the top cutting operation at a set distance in front of the mining face in advance, and advance the mining of the mining face;

[0022] S2. A flexible support body is set up behind the working face on one side of the goaf of the tunnel, and the goaf is separated from the tunnel space by the flexible support body. Several first U-shaped steel columns are arranged on the outside of the flexible support body in the vertical direction, and several anchoring bottom beams are buried in the bottom rock layer of the tunnel. The lower end of the first U-shaped steel column is connected to one end of the corresponding anchoring bottom beam. The first steel belt is placed on the outside of the first U-shaped steel column, and the third steel belt is placed on the upper side of the anchoring bottom beam. The second anchor rod / cable passes through the third steel belt, and the inner end of the second anchor rod / cable is anchored in the bottom rock layer. Several second U-shaped steel columns are connected. Arranged along the vertical direction on the outer wall of the side of the solid coal in the roadway, the lower end of the second U-shaped steel column is connected to the other end of the corresponding anchoring bottom beam, the second steel belt is placed on the outside of the second U-shaped steel column, the first anchor rod / cable passes through the second steel belt, the inner end of the first anchor rod / cable is anchored in the solid coal, several U-shaped steel top beams are attached to the roadway roof, the two ends of the U-shaped steel top beams are respectively connected to the upper ends of the corresponding first U-shaped steel column and the second U-shaped steel column, the fourth steel belt is placed on the lower side of the U-shaped steel top beam, the third anchor rod / cable passes through the fourth steel belt, and the inner end of the third anchor rod / cable is anchored in the roof rock layer;

[0023] The two ends of the hydraulic prop are respectively abutted against the bottom plate and the top plate on one side of the goaf of the tunnel;

[0024] S3. After the loose gangue collapses on the roof above the goaf side of the tunnel behind the working face, the grouting anchor passes through the first steel belt and the flexible support body in sequence. The inner end of the grouting anchor is located in the loose gangue in the goaf, and the outer end of the grouting anchor is connected to the grouting pipeline. Slurry is injected into the loose gangue area of ​​the goaf through the grouting anchor through the grouting pipeline. After the slurry solidifies, it is connected to the grouting anchor to form an anchor body, and is consolidated with the loose gangue to form an overall consolidated structure.

[0025] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention is applicable to the technology of removing top pressure and retaining goaf in goaf-side lane-keeping. In the early stage of the lane-keeping lane-keeping, the goaf and the lane-keeping space are separated by a flexible support body, and the subsequent collapsed loose gangue is blocked and shaped by the flexible support body. The initial cylindrical cage structure is formed by connecting the anchor bottom beam, the first U-shaped steel column, the second U-shaped steel column, the U-shaped steel top beam and the steel belt, and the anchor rod / cable, and supplemented by the support of the hydraulic pillar, to achieve the deformation of the lane-keeping floor and the solid The support of the side of the coal and the roof, at the same time, realizes the support of the flexible support body to prevent the flexible support body from being tilted by the impact of the collapsed loose gangue; the rock pressure around the tunnel mainly comes from the roof, and the pressure of the roof is transmitted downward through the solid coal side and the gravel side, and the collapsed gravel side cannot effectively exert its own bearing capacity, causing the tunnel roof pressure to lose balance during the downward transmission process, resulting in the pressure of the solid coal side deflecting to the goaf side, causing the tunnel floor to change in force and become unstable, thereby the bottom of the goaf side The plate has a tendency to produce bottom heave; in the late stage of the formation of the retained tunnel, the collapsed loose gangue is blocked and shaped by the flexible support body, and slurry is injected into the loose gangue area of ​​the goaf through the grouting anchor. After the slurry solidifies, it is connected with the grouting anchor to form an anchor body, and consolidated with the loose gangue to form an overall consolidated structure, which changes the mechanical properties of the collapsed loose gangue and enhances its bearing capacity. At this time, the overall consolidated structure is connected with the anchor bottom beam, the first U-shaped steel column, the second U-shaped steel column, the U-shaped steel top beam and the steel belt, anchor The rod / cable connection forms a cylindrical cage structure, which is an integral load-bearing structure. The cylindrical cage structure bears the pressure of the rock mass around the roadway and disperses the pressure of the rock mass around the roadway to the cylindrical cage structure. The cylindrical cage structure can make the rock mass around the roadway form an integral structure, thereby giving full play to the bearing capacity of the rock mass around the roadway, further improving the stability of the roadway surrounding rock, avoiding the gravel wall of the roadway from being compressed and causing the bottom bulge of the floor on one side of the goaf, and effectively controlling the bottom bulge deformation of the roadway floor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the combined support structure for floor deformation in gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the middle BB;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the U-shaped steel column and the anchor bottom beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the U-shaped steel column and the U-shaped steel top beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting anchor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 10. Tunnel, 11. Flexible support body, 12. First U-shaped steel column, 13. First steel belt, 14. Grouting pipeline, 15. Hollow grouting pipe, 151. Grouting hole, 16. Grouting joint, 17. Gasket, 18. Lock nut, 19. Hydraulic support, 21. Second U-shaped steel column, 22. Second steel belt, 23. First anchor rod / cable, 31. Anchor bottom beam, 311. U-shaped notch, 32. Third steel belt, 33. Second anchor rod / cable, 41. U-shaped steel top beam, 411. U-shaped steel cable, 42. Fourth steel belt, 43. Third anchor rod / cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Certain embodiments of the present invention will be more fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, some, but not all, of which are illustrated. The various embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention satisfies applicable legal requirements.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," and "rear," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, a combined support structure and method for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining floor deformation is provided. Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 shown.

[0038] A combined support structure for the deformation of the floor of a gob-side entryway with roof cutting and pressure relief includes a crushed stone wall anchoring assembly, a solid coal wall anchoring assembly, a floor anchoring assembly, and a roof anchoring assembly. The crushed stone wall anchoring assembly is used to anchor and connect the loose gangue side of the goaf of the tunnel 10, the solid coal wall anchoring assembly is used to anchor and connect the solid coal side of the tunnel 10, the floor anchoring assembly is used to anchor and connect the floor of the tunnel 10, and the roof anchoring assembly is used to anchor and connect the roof of the tunnel 10. The crushed stone wall anchoring assembly, the solid coal wall anchoring assembly, the floor anchoring assembly, and the roof anchoring assembly are connected end to end to form a cylindrical cage structure.

[0039] The gravel side anchor assembly includes a flexible support body 11, a first U-shaped steel column 12, a first steel belt 13, and a grouting anchor. The flexible support body 11 is located on the outer wall of the side of the goaf of the tunnel 10. The first U-shaped steel column 12 is arranged vertically on the outside of the flexible support body 11. The first steel belt 13 is located on the outside of the first U-shaped steel column 12. The grouting anchor passes through the first steel belt 13 and the flexible support body 11 in sequence. The inner end of the grouting anchor is located in the loose gangue of the goaf, and the outer end of the grouting anchor is used to connect to the grouting pipeline 14. Among them, some grouting anchors pass through the first steel belt 13, the first U-shaped steel column 12, and the flexible support body 11 in sequence.

[0040] The grouting anchor includes a hollow grouting pipe 15, a grouting joint 16, a gasket 17, and a locking nut 18. The wall of the hollow grouting pipe 15 is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 151. The outer end of the hollow grouting pipe 15 is connected to the grouting joint 16, which is used to connect to the grouting pipeline 14. A gasket 17 and a locking nut 18 are sequentially arranged on the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe 15. The hollow grouting pipe 15 passes through the first steel strip 13 and the flexible support body 11 in sequence. The gasket 17 abuts the flexible support body 11, and the locking nut 18 connects to the external thread of the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe 15. Part of the hollow grouting pipe 15 passes through the first steel strip 13, the first U-shaped steel column 12, and the flexible support body 11 in sequence.

[0041] The gravel wall anchoring assembly also includes a hydraulic prop 19, the ends of which respectively abut the floor and roof of the goaf side of the tunnel 10. The upper end of the hydraulic prop 19 abuts the U-shaped steel top beam 41 at the roof position, and the lower end of the hydraulic prop 19 abuts the anchor bottom beam 31 at the floor position.

[0042] The solid coal side anchoring assembly includes a second U-shaped steel column 21, a second steel belt 22, and a first anchor rod / cable 23. The second U-shaped steel column 21 is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the solid coal side of the roadway 10. The second steel belt 22 is located outside the second U-shaped steel column 21. The first anchor rod / cable 23 passes through the second steel belt 22, and the inner end of the first anchor rod / cable 23 is anchored in the solid coal. Part of the first anchor rod / cable 23 passes through the second steel belt 22 and the second U-shaped steel column 21 in sequence.

[0043] The floor anchor assembly includes an anchoring base beam 31, a third steel belt 32, and a second anchor rod / cable 33. The anchoring base beam 31 is buried in the floor rock of the roadway 10. The third steel belt 32 is located above the anchoring base beam 31. The second anchor rod / cable 33 passes through the third steel belt 32, and the inner end of the second anchor rod / cable 33 is anchored in the floor rock. Portions of the second anchor rod / cable 33 pass through the third steel belt 32 and the anchoring base beam 31. The anchoring base beam 31 bends downward to prevent the floor from deforming upward and causing floor heave.

[0044] The second anchor rod / cable 33 is arranged at the junction of the bottom plate and the side of the tunnel 10, so that the bottom plate of the tunnel 10 and the two sides are connected as one, further preventing the deformation of the bottom plate of the tunnel 10 from causing bottom bulging.

[0045] The roof anchor assembly includes a U-shaped steel top beam 41, a fourth steel belt 42, and a third anchor / cable 43. The U-shaped steel top beam 41 is aligned with the roof of the tunnel 10. The fourth steel belt 42 is located below the U-shaped steel top beam 41. The third anchor / cable 43 passes through the fourth steel belt 42. The inner end of the third anchor / cable 43 is anchored in the roof rock. Part of the third anchor / cable 43 passes through the fourth steel belt 42 and the U-shaped steel top beam 41.

[0046] The lower ends of the first U-shaped steel column 12 and the second U-shaped steel column 21 are connected to both ends of the anchoring bottom beam 31 , and the upper ends of the first U-shaped steel column 12 and the second U-shaped steel column 21 are connected to both ends of the U-shaped steel top beam 41 .

[0047] Specifically, U-shaped notches 311 are formed at both ends of the anchoring bottom beam 31, and the lower ends of the first U-shaped steel column 12 and the second U-shaped steel column 21 are inserted into the U-shaped notches 311. The upper ends of the first U-shaped steel column 12 and the second U-shaped steel column 21 are connected to the two ends of the U-shaped steel top beam 41 via U-shaped steel cables 411.

[0048] A method for combined support of floor deformation for gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief is used to construct the combined support structure for floor deformation for gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief described in this embodiment. The method comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1. Carry out top cutting operation at a set distance in front of the mining face in advance, and advance the mining of the mining face.

[0050] S2. A flexible support body 11 is set at the side of the goaf of the tunnel 10 behind the working face, and the goaf is separated from the tunnel 10 by the flexible support body 11. A plurality of first U-shaped steel columns 12 are arranged on the outside of the flexible support body 11 in the vertical direction. A plurality of anchoring bottom beams 31 are buried in the bottom rock layer of the tunnel 10. The lower end of the first U-shaped steel column 12 is connected to one end of the corresponding anchoring bottom beam 31. The first steel belt 13 is placed on the outside of the first U-shaped steel column 12. The third steel belt 32 is placed on the upper side of the anchoring bottom beam 31. The second anchor rod / cable 33 passes through the third steel belt 32. The inner end of the second anchor rod / cable 33 is anchored in the bottom rock layer. The plurality of second U-shaped steel columns 21 are placed on the outside of the first U-shaped steel column 12. Arranged along the vertical direction on the outer wall of the side of the solid coal of the roadway 10, the lower end of the second U-shaped steel column 21 is connected to the other end of the corresponding anchoring bottom beam 31, the second steel belt 22 is placed on the outside of the second U-shaped steel column 21, the first anchor rod / cable 23 passes through the second steel belt 22, the inner end of the first anchor rod / cable 23 is anchored in the solid coal, a plurality of U-shaped steel top beams 41 are attached to the roof of the roadway 10, the two ends of the U-shaped steel top beam 41 are respectively connected to the upper ends of the corresponding first U-shaped steel column 12 and the second U-shaped steel column 21, the fourth steel belt 42 is placed on the lower side of the U-shaped steel top beam 41, the third anchor rod / cable 43 passes through the fourth steel belt 42, and the inner end of the third anchor rod / cable 43 is anchored in the roof rock layer;

[0051] Among them, part of the first anchor rod / cable 23 passes through the second steel belt 22 and the second U-shaped steel column 21 in sequence, part of the second anchor rod / cable 33 passes through the third steel belt 32 and the anchor bottom beam 31 in sequence, and part of the third anchor rod / cable 43 passes through the fourth steel belt 42 and the U-shaped steel top beam 41 in sequence.

[0052] The two ends of the hydraulic prop 19 are respectively abutted against the bottom plate and the top plate on one side of the goaf of the tunnel 10 .

[0053] S3. After the loose gangue collapses on the roof above the goaf of the tunnel 10 behind the working face, the grouting anchor passes through the first steel belt 13 and the flexible support body 11 in sequence. The inner end of the grouting anchor is located in the loose gangue in the goaf. The outer end of the grouting anchor is connected to the grouting pipeline 14. Slurry is injected into the loose gangue area of ​​the goaf through the grouting anchor via the grouting pipeline 14. After the slurry solidifies, it is connected to the grouting anchor to form an anchor body, and is consolidated with the loose gangue to form an integral consolidated structure. Specifically, the hollow grouting pipe 15 passes through the first steel belt 13 and the flexible support body 11 in sequence, the gasket 17 abuts the flexible support body 11, and the locking nut 18 is connected to the external thread of the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe 15. Among them, part of the hollow grouting pipe 15 passes through the first steel belt 13, the first U-shaped steel column 12 and the flexible support body 11 in sequence.

[0054] So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the combined support structure and method for deformation of the bottom plate of the goaf and the tunnel with top cutting and pressure relief of the present invention. The combined support structure and method for deformation of the bottom plate of the goaf and the tunnel with top cutting and pressure relief of the present invention are suitable for the technology of tunnel with top cutting and pressure relief of the goaf and the tunnel with tunnel 10. In the early stage of the formation of the tunnel with tunnel 10, the flexible support body 11 separates the goaf and the tunnel 10 space, and the flexible support body 11 blocks and shapes the subsequent collapsed loose gangue. The initial cylindrical cage structure is formed by the anchor bottom beam 31, the first U-shaped steel column 12, the second U-shaped steel column 21, the U-shaped steel top beam 41 and the steel belt, anchor rod / cable connection, supplemented by hydraulic support The support of 19 realizes the support of the bottom plate, the side of the solid coal and the roof of the roadway 10. At the same time, it realizes the support of the flexible support body 11 to prevent the flexible support body 11 from being tilted by the impact of the collapsed loose gangue; the rock pressure around the roadway 10 mainly comes from the roof, and the pressure of the roof is transmitted downward through the solid coal side and the gravel side. The collapsed gravel side cannot effectively exert its own bearing capacity, causing the roadway 10 roof pressure to lose balance during the downward transmission process, resulting in the deflection of the solid coal side pressure to the goaf side ( Figure 2 As shown by the arrow on the solid coal side in the middle, the stress on the bottom plate of the roadway 10 changes and becomes unstable, so that the bottom plate on one side of the goaf tends to produce bottom bulge; in the late stage of the formation of the retained roadway 10, the collapsed loose gangue is blocked and shaped by the flexible support body 11, and slurry is injected into the loose gangue area of ​​the goaf through the grouting anchor. After the slurry solidifies, it is connected with the grouting anchor to form an anchor body, and consolidated with the loose gangue to form an overall consolidated structure, which changes the mechanical properties of the collapsed loose gangue and enhances its bearing capacity. At this time, the overall consolidated structure is connected with the anchor bottom beam 31, the first U-shaped steel column 12, and the second U The steel columns 21, U-shaped steel top beams 41, steel belts, and anchor rods / cables are connected to form a cylindrical cage structure. The cylindrical cage structure is an integral load-bearing structure. The cylindrical cage structure bears the pressure of the rock mass around the tunnel 10 and disperses the pressure of the rock mass around the tunnel 10 to the cylindrical cage structure. The cylindrical cage structure can make the rock mass around the tunnel 10 form an integral structure, thereby exerting the bearing capacity of the rock mass around the tunnel, further improving the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock, avoiding the gravel wall of the tunnel 10 being compressed and causing the bottom plate on one side of the goaf to produce bottom bulging, and effectively controlling the bottom bulging deformation of the bottom plate of the tunnel 10.

[0055] Of course, the specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining floor deformation, characterized in that: include: Gravel side anchoring assembly, used to anchor the side of the loose gangue in the goaf of the tunnel; Solid coal side anchoring assembly, used to anchor the solid coal side of the roadway; Bottom plate anchoring assembly, used for anchoring the bottom plate connecting the roadway; Roof anchor assembly, used to anchor the roof of the connecting roadway; Among them, the gravel side anchoring assembly, the solid coal side anchoring assembly, the bottom plate anchoring assembly and the top plate anchor rod assembly are connected head to tail to form a cylindrical cage structure.

2. The combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining with floor deformation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The gravel side anchoring assembly includes a flexible support body, a first U-shaped steel column, a first steel belt and a grouting anchor. The flexible support body is located on the outer wall of the side of the goaf of the tunnel. The first U-shaped steel column is arranged on the outside of the flexible support body along the vertical direction. The first steel belt is located on the outside of the first U-shaped steel column. The grouting anchor passes through the first steel belt and the flexible support body in sequence. The inner end of the grouting anchor is located in the loose gangue in the goaf, and the outer end of the grouting anchor is used to connect the grouting pipeline.

3. The combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief gob-side entry retaining floor deformation according to claim 2 is characterized by: The grouting anchor includes a hollow grouting pipe, a grouting joint, a gasket and a locking nut; a plurality of grouting holes are opened on the wall of the hollow grouting pipe, the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe is connected to the grouting joint, the grouting joint is used to connect the grouting pipeline, and a gasket and a locking nut are arranged in sequence on the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe; the hollow grouting pipe passes through the first steel belt and the flexible support body in sequence, the gasket abuts the flexible support body, and the locking nut is connected to the external thread of the outer end of the hollow grouting pipe.

4. The combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining with floor deformation according to claim 2 is characterized by: The gravel side anchoring assembly further comprises a hydraulic support, the two ends of which respectively abut against the bottom plate and the top plate on one side of the goaf of the tunnel.

5. The combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining with floor deformation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The solid coal side anchoring assembly includes a second U-shaped steel column, a second steel belt and a first anchor rod / cable. The second U-shaped steel column is arranged along the vertical direction on the outer wall of the side of the solid coal in the tunnel. The second steel belt is located on the outside of the second U-shaped steel column. The first anchor rod / cable passes through the second steel belt, and the inner end of the first anchor rod / cable is anchored in the solid coal.

6. The combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining with floor deformation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The bottom plate anchoring assembly includes an anchoring bottom beam, a third steel belt and a second anchor rod / cable. The anchoring bottom beam is buried in the bottom plate rock layer of the tunnel. The third steel belt is located on the upper side of the anchoring bottom beam. The second anchor rod / cable passes through the third steel belt. The inner end of the second anchor rod / cable is anchored in the bottom plate rock layer.

7. The combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining with floor deformation according to claim 6 is characterized by: The second anchor rod / cable is arranged at the junction of the tunnel floor and the side.

8. The combined support structure for top cutting and pressure relief of gob-side entry retaining with floor deformation according to claim 6 is characterized by: The roof anchor assembly includes a U-shaped steel top beam, a fourth steel belt and a third anchor rod / cable. The U-shaped steel top beam fits the tunnel roof, the fourth steel belt is located on the lower side of the U-shaped steel top beam, the third anchor rod / cable passes through the fourth steel belt, and the inner end of the third anchor rod / cable is anchored in the roof rock layer.

9. The combined support structure for floor deformation with roof cutting and pressure relief along gob-side entry retaining according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower ends of the first U-shaped steel column and the second U-shaped steel column are connected to the two ends of the anchor bottom beam, and the upper ends of the first U-shaped steel column and the second U-shaped steel column are connected to the two ends of the U-shaped steel top beam.

10. A method for combined support of floor deformation for gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief, used to construct the combined support structure for floor deformation for gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Carry out the top cutting operation at a set distance in front of the mining face in advance, and advance the mining of the mining face; S2. A flexible support body is set up behind the working face on one side of the goaf of the tunnel, and the goaf is separated from the tunnel space by the flexible support body. Several first U-shaped steel columns are arranged on the outside of the flexible support body in the vertical direction, and several anchoring bottom beams are buried in the bottom rock layer of the tunnel. The lower end of the first U-shaped steel column is connected to one end of the corresponding anchoring bottom beam. The first steel belt is placed on the outside of the first U-shaped steel column, and the third steel belt is placed on the upper side of the anchoring bottom beam. The second anchor rod / cable passes through the third steel belt, and the inner end of the second anchor rod / cable is anchored in the bottom rock layer. Several second U-shaped steel columns are connected. Arranged along the vertical direction on the outer wall of the side of the solid coal in the roadway, the lower end of the second U-shaped steel column is connected to the other end of the corresponding anchoring bottom beam, the second steel belt is placed on the outside of the second U-shaped steel column, the first anchor rod / cable passes through the second steel belt, the inner end of the first anchor rod / cable is anchored in the solid coal, several U-shaped steel top beams are attached to the roadway roof, the two ends of the U-shaped steel top beams are respectively connected to the upper ends of the corresponding first U-shaped steel column and the second U-shaped steel column, the fourth steel belt is placed on the lower side of the U-shaped steel top beam, the third anchor rod / cable passes through the fourth steel belt, and the inner end of the third anchor rod / cable is anchored in the roof rock layer; The two ends of the hydraulic prop are respectively abutted against the bottom plate and the top plate on one side of the goaf of the tunnel; S3. After the loose gangue collapses on the roof above the goaf side of the tunnel behind the working face, the grouting anchor passes through the first steel belt and the flexible support body in sequence. The inner end of the grouting anchor is located in the loose gangue in the goaf, and the outer end of the grouting anchor is connected to the grouting pipeline. Slurry is injected into the loose gangue area of ​​the goaf through the grouting anchor through the grouting pipeline. After the slurry solidifies, it is connected to the grouting anchor to form an anchor body, and is consolidated with the loose gangue to form an overall consolidated structure.

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