Conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by spectrograph

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of spectral radiation measurement, in particular to a conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrograph, which comprises a mounting plate, a turnover mechanism, a shell, an optical fiber and a cosine receiver, the turnover mechanism is connected with the bottom end of the mounting plate; the bottom end of the turnover mechanism is connected with the shell; the first end of the optical fiber is arranged in the shell, and the second end penetrates out of the shell; a through hole is formed in the shell, and an opening is formed in the bottom; the through hole is communicated with the opening; the first end of the optical fiber can move in the through hole in the axial direction of the optical fiber; the cosine receiver is movably connected with one surface, deviating from the mounting plate, of the shell so as to open or close the opening; the cosine receiver is of a flip structure; in a radiance measurement state, the cosine receiver opens the opening; in an irradiance measurement state, the turnover mechanism can turn over the shell to the position above the mounting plate, and the cosine receiver closes the opening. The conversion device cancels a traditional light path switcher, and the spectral radiation detection precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spectral radiation measurement, and in particular to a conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer. Background Art

[0002] A spectrometer, also known as a spectrometer, is a device that uses light detectors such as photomultiplier tubes to measure the intensity of spectral lines at different wavelengths. It separates the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source into the required wavelength or wavelength range through a dispersive element, and measures the intensity at the selected wavelength (or scans a certain band).

[0003] Remote sensing energy measurement requires the measurement of irradiance and radiance. Most optical fibers used in remote sensing have a field of view of approximately 25°. Light within a 25° solid angle is collected by the fiber and ultimately measured by a spectrometer. This angular radiation is called radiance. If a cosine receiver is added to the front end of the fiber, it can orthogonally decompose light from all angles into downward-radiating light. The spectrometer then measures radiation per unit area, which is irradiance. (Radiation relative to a unit solid angle is called radiance.) For example, when measuring the ground spectral radiation field, the incident solar radiation is irradiance, requiring a cosine receiver; the reflected radiation from the surface is radiance, requiring consideration of the solid angle. Therefore, two different optical paths are required: one that includes cosine radiation and one that does not.

[0004] The switching between multiple optical paths is usually done automatically by an optical path switcher, so that one spectrometer can complete the measurement of multiple optical paths. Figure 12 The measuring end of the first optical fiber is provided with a cosine receiver and is facing the sun; the measuring end of the second optical fiber is facing the ground. The free ends of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are provided with a first collimating lens and a second collimating lens respectively, and the spectrometer is connected to the third collimating lens through a third optical fiber. The third collimating lens is connected to a high-precision driven translation stage to drive the third collimating lens to rise and fall vertically. When switching the optical path, the third collimating lens is controlled by the translation stage to align with the first collimating lens and the second collimating lens respectively (moved to the same horizontal straight line), thereby achieving the purpose of measuring different optical paths.

[0005] During dual-path measurements, the two light paths need to be periodically switched to reduce or eliminate systematic errors caused by factors such as light source fluctuations and detector instability, ensuring measurement consistency and accuracy. Therefore, traditional optical path switchers require frequent movement of the third collimating lens to switch and disconnect the fiber light paths. This frequent movement of the third collimating lens results in significant light loss and alignment errors. Even with smaller alignment errors, other types of optical path switchers can still experience light loss and systematic errors, reducing the accuracy of spectral radiation measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a conversion device for a spectrometer to measure radiance and irradiance for a long term, which solves the technical problem that the accuracy of spectral radiation measurement is easily reduced due to frequent movement of the optical fiber of the spectrometer when the optical path switcher performs optical path switching.

[0008] (2) Technical solution

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer of the present invention comprises a mounting plate, a flip mechanism, a housing, an optical fiber and a cosine receiver;

[0010] The flip mechanism is connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate; the bottom end of the flip mechanism is connected to the housing; the first end of the optical fiber is arranged inside the housing, and the second end passes through the housing;

[0011] The housing has a through hole formed inside and an opening formed at the bottom; the through hole and the opening are in communication; the first end of the optical fiber is movable within the through hole along the axial direction of the optical fiber; the cosine receiver is movably connected to a surface of the housing facing away from the mounting plate to enable opening or closing of the opening;

[0012] The cosine receiver is constructed as a flip structure; in the radiance measurement state, the cosine receiver opens the opening; in the irradiance measurement state, the flip mechanism can flip the shell to above the mounting plate, and the cosine receiver closes the opening.

[0013] Optionally, the conversion device further comprises a sliding mechanism; both the flipping mechanism and the sliding mechanism are provided with a connecting plate;

[0014] The connecting plate of the flip mechanism is constructed as a first L-shaped plate; the connecting plate of the sliding mechanism is constructed as a second L-shaped plate;

[0015] One side of the sliding mechanism is connected to the vertical plate of the first L-shaped plate, and the other side is connected to the vertical plate of the second L-shaped plate; the second L-shaped plate is capable of moving along the axial direction of the optical fiber on the sliding mechanism;

[0016] The shell is arranged on the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate; the optical fiber is slidably connected to the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate along the axial direction of the optical fiber; and the optical fiber is connected to the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate.

[0017] Optionally, the conversion device further includes a spacing adjustment plate and a first elastic member;

[0018] A limiting ring is provided inside the through hole; the limiting ring is connected to the inner wall of the housing; and the limiting ring is provided outside the optical fiber;

[0019] The first elastic member is sleeved on the optical fiber; one end of the first elastic member is connected to the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate, and the other end passes through the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate and is connected to the top surface of the limiting ring;

[0020] The spacing adjustment plate is arranged at the bottom end of the mounting plate; the top end of the second L-shaped plate abuts against the spacing adjustment plate; when the flipping mechanism flips the shell, the top end of the sliding mechanism can move along the circumference of the spacing adjustment plate to adjust the spacing between the optical fiber and the opening.

[0021] Optionally, the sliding mechanism further includes a bearing;

[0022] A connecting shaft is provided on a side of the vertical plate of the second L-shaped plate body facing away from the sliding mechanism; the bearing is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the two are rotatably connected;

[0023] The bearing is in contact with the distance adjustment plate and is capable of rolling along the circumferential direction of the distance adjustment plate.

[0024] Optionally, the spacing adjustment plate is a cam.

[0025] Optionally, the conversion device further comprises a connecting plate and a sleeve coaxially arranged;

[0026] The connecting plate is arranged on a surface of the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate facing the cosine receiver;

[0027] The sleeve is wound around the outside of the optical fiber; one end of the sleeve is connected to the connecting plate body, and the other end is arranged in the through hole; the sleeve and the limiting ring are slidably connected along the axial direction of the optical fiber; the first elastic member is sleeved on the sleeve.

[0028] Optionally, the conversion device further comprises a connecting rod assembly; the connecting rod assembly comprises a mounting arm, a support arm, a connecting rod arm, a first hinge rod, a second hinge rod, a second elastic member and a transfer platform;

[0029] The first hinge rod and the second hinge rod are correspondingly connected to the housing for rotation;

[0030] A through-hole is formed on the second hinged rod; one end of the connecting arm is hinged to the mounting arm, and the other end passes through or out of the through-hole; the second elastic member is sleeved on the connecting arm; one end of the second elastic member abuts against the connecting arm, and the other end abuts against the second hinged rod;

[0031] The mounting arm is sleeved on the first hinged rod; the bottom end of the free end of the mounting arm is connected to the cosine receiver, and the top end of the free end is hinged to the top end of the adapter; the bottom end of the adapter is correspondingly connected to the sleeve and the optical fiber.

[0032] Optionally, the transfer platform includes an ear plate, a disc body and a cylinder body;

[0033] The ear plate is arranged on an end surface of the disc body facing away from the sleeve and is hinged to the support arm;

[0034] The cylinder is coaxially arranged with the disc, and the cylinder is arranged on an end surface of the disc facing the sleeve;

[0035] The free end of the cylinder is coaxially connected to the first end of the optical fiber; the cylinder is placed in the sleeve;

[0036] The disc is connected to the sleeve; in the radiance measurement state, the disc abuts against the bottom surface of the limit ring.

[0037] Optionally, a first slot is formed on the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate; a second slot is formed on the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate;

[0038] One end of the connecting rod arm passes through the through hole and the first slot body in sequence to the interior of the second slot body.

[0039] Optionally, the cosine receiver is hingedly or slidably connected to a side of the housing facing away from the mounting plate.

[0040] (3) Beneficial effects

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] The conversion device can flexibly switch between irradiance detection and radiance detection without the intervention of an external control system and drive system. It has a simple, practical structure and low cost. In addition, the traditional optical path switcher is eliminated, and only one optical fiber is used to connect the detection light source and the spectrometer. The device is small in size and highly compatible with the flipping function of the flipping mechanism. During the entire detection process, there is no need to align the collimating lens. Instead, the opening is flipped to a preset position through the flipping mechanism to automatically complete the switching of the optical path. The extreme position of the cosine receiver is limited by the shell's own structure, and the positioning accuracy is high. By optimizing one optical fiber and one optical path switcher, the present invention eliminates or reduces the effects of alignment errors, light losses, and system errors on detection accuracy, thereby improving the detection accuracy of spectral radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a front view of the conversion device in the radiance measurement state of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A side view of the conversion device of the present invention in a radiance measurement state;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a front view of the conversion device in the irradiance measurement state of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a side view of the conversion device in the irradiance measurement state of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 A perspective view of the conversion device of the present invention with the housing removed;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0049] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting rod assembly in the irradiance measurement state of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 A schematic diagram comparing the sleeve movement position in the radiance measurement state and the irradiance measurement state of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 A perspective view of the housing of the present invention from one perspective;

[0052] Figure 10 A perspective view of the housing of the present invention from another perspective;

[0053] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transfer station of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the principle of a traditional optical path switch.

[0055] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0056] 1: Mounting plate; 11: Threading ring;

[0057] 2: Flipping mechanism; 21: First L-shaped plate; 211: First trough; 22: Rotation driver; 23: Rotating shaft;

[0058] 3: Housing; 31: Through hole; 32: Opening; 33: Limiting ring; 331: Top surface; 332: Bottom surface; 34: Arc-shaped mounting groove; 35: Hinge hole;

[0059] 4: Optical fiber;

[0060] 5: cosine receiver; 51: mounting arm; 52: support arm; 53: connecting arm; 54: first hinged rod; 55: second hinged rod; 551: perforation; 56: second elastic member; 57: transfer platform; 571: ear plate; 572: disk body; 573: cylinder body; 58: cosine structure;

[0061] 6: Sliding mechanism; 61: Second L-shaped plate; 611: Second slot; 62: Bearing; 63: Connecting shaft;

[0062] 7: Spacing adjustment plate;

[0063] 8: first elastic member;

[0064] 9: Connecting plate;

[0065] 10: Sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0067] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0068] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this disclosure are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referenced. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connect," "fix," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fix" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; "connection" can mean mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0070] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 The present invention provides a conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer, the conversion device comprising a mounting plate 1, a flipping mechanism 2, a shell 3, an optical fiber 4 and a cosine receiver 5; the flipping mechanism 2 is connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate 1; the bottom end of the flipping mechanism 2 is connected to the shell 3; the first end of the optical fiber 4 is arranged inside the shell 3, and the second end passes through the shell 3; a through hole 31 is opened inside the shell 3, and an opening 32 is opened at the bottom; the through hole 31 and the opening 32 are connected; along the axial direction of the optical fiber 4, the first end of the optical fiber 4 can move in the through hole 31; the cosine receiver 5 is movably connected to a side of the shell 3 away from the mounting plate 1 so as to be able to open or close the opening 32; wherein the cosine receiver 5 is constructed as a flip structure; the flipping mechanism 2 can drive the shell 3 to flip to point a below the mounting plate 1, and the cosine receiver 5 opens the opening 32 to measure the radiance; the flipping mechanism 2 can drive the shell 3 to flip to point b above the mounting plate 1, and the cosine receiver 5 closes the opening 32 to measure the irradiance.

[0071] It should be noted that the orientation and direction described in this application are based on Figure 1 The orientation and direction shown are for reference only. The specific positions of point a and point b vary according to the measurement requirements and are the preset positions of the housing 3 during measurement. The conversion device of the present invention is used as an accessory of a spectrometer for a spectrometer system for long-term monitoring. The device itself does not measure spectral radiation, but assists the spectrometer in measuring. The conversion device can measure irradiance upward and radiance downward, and there is no need to switch the optical path like an optical path switcher. Only one optical path can meet the measurement requirements of irradiance and radiance, or it can be understood that the optical path switching is realized on one optical path, so there is no need to move the optical fiber 4, eliminating or reducing alignment errors, light losses and system errors.

[0072] In this embodiment, the bottom end of the mounting plate 1 corresponds to the mounting plate for the rotary drive 22, the rotating shaft 23, and the spacing adjustment plate 7. The first end of the optical fiber 4, also known as the light inlet end, is built into the housing 3, and light enters the interior of the optical fiber 4 through the light inlet end. The second end of the optical fiber 4, also known as the connection end, is connected to an external spectrometer, which measures the spectral radiation. The opening 32 is the light inlet. Except for the opening 32, the rest of the housing 3 is a sealed structure to prevent external light sources from entering the housing 3 and interfering with the detection accuracy. Figure 6 The cosine receiver 5 has a built-in cosine structure 58, which acts as a filter. The cosine receiver 5 works in conjunction with the optical fiber 4 to measure irradiance. The existing cosine receiver 5 can be used with modifications to the connection structure. The flip mechanism 2 is used to flip the housing 3 so that the opening 32 faces upward or downward, corresponding to measuring solar irradiance and surface radiance. The optical fiber 4 is movable in the axial direction of the through hole 31. This can be adjusted manually or via a servo drive to adjust the distance between the first end of the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32.

[0073] The cosine receiver 5 is constructed as a flip-top structure and is movably connected to the side of the housing 3 facing away from the mounting plate 1. Optionally, the cosine receiver 5 is hinged or slidably connected to the side of the housing 3 facing away from the mounting plate 1. When hinged, the cosine receiver 5 can automatically close or open the opening 32 by its own gravity. When a drive for the cosine receiver 5 is not required, the cosine receiver 5 can be driven to slide on the side of the housing 3 facing away from the mounting plate 1 by a drive structure such as a motor or a screw, which can also achieve the closing or opening of the opening 32. Of course, the hinged rod can also be rotatably connected perpendicular to the side of the housing 3 mounting plate 1 so that the cosine receiver 5 can be rotated in the horizontal plane to open the opening 32, but this requires auxiliary driving by a driver.

[0074] In this embodiment, the cosine receiver 5 is hinged to the housing 3. In the radiance measurement mode, with the opening 32 facing downward, the cosine receiver 5 automatically rotates about its hinge due to its own gravity, thereby automatically opening the opening 32 and disabling the cosine receiver 5, allowing the optical fiber 4 to measure the spectral radiation of the earth's surface. Similarly, in the irradiance measurement mode, with the opening 32 facing upward, the cosine receiver 5 automatically rotates about its hinge due to its own gravity, thereby automatically closing the opening 32 and activating the cosine receiver 5, allowing the optical fiber 4 to measure the spectral radiation of the sun through the cosine receiver 5. The conversion device of the present invention enables flexible switching between irradiance detection and radiance detection without requiring an external control system or drive system. It has a simple, practical, and low-cost structure. Furthermore, the conventional optical path switcher is eliminated, and only a single optical fiber, optical fiber 4, is used to connect the detection light source and the spectrometer. This device is compact and highly compatible with the flip function of the flip mechanism 2. During the entire detection process, there is no need to align the collimating lens. Instead, the opening 32 is flipped to a preset position by the flipping mechanism 2 to automatically switch the optical path. The extreme position of the cosine receiver 5 is limited by the structure of the shell 3 itself, and the positioning accuracy is high. The present invention eliminates or reduces the effects of alignment error, light loss, and system error on detection accuracy by optimizing one optical fiber and one optical path switch, thereby improving the detection accuracy of spectral radiation. Among them, the preset position for flipping the opening 32 is usually vertically upward or vertically downward, and can also be tilted to a certain angle according to actual measurement requirements, but it is necessary to ensure that the opening 32 can be opened or closed normally during measurement of the cosine receiver 5.

[0075] Optionally, a threading ring 11 is also installed on the mounting plate 1. The second end of the optical fiber 4 passes through the threading ring 11 and is connected to an external spectrometer. The threading ring 11 serves to store the optical fiber 4, effectively avoiding the situation where the optical fiber 4 is entangled during the flipping process.

[0076] Furthermore, the conversion device also includes a sliding mechanism 6; both the flipping mechanism 2 and the sliding mechanism 6 are provided with a connecting plate; the connecting plate of the flipping mechanism 2 is configured as a first L-shaped plate 21; the connecting plate of the sliding mechanism 6 is configured as a second L-shaped plate 61; one side of the sliding mechanism 6 is connected to the vertical plate of the first L-shaped plate 21, and the other side is connected to the vertical plate of the second L-shaped plate 61; the second L-shaped plate 61 is capable of moving along the axial direction of the optical fiber 4 on the sliding mechanism 6; the housing 3 is provided on the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate 21; the optical fiber 4 is slidably connected to the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate 21 along the axial direction of the optical fiber 4; and the optical fiber 4 is connected to the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate 61. Specifically, the connecting plate is configured as an L-shape, and the connecting plate includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate connected vertically. The sliding mechanism 6 is provided between a pair of parallel vertical plates, and the housing 3 and the optical fiber 4 are correspondingly provided on a pair of parallel horizontal plates. The spatial layout is compact, so as to optimize the volume of the device and improve the adaptability of the flipping function. Housing 3 can be mounted on the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of first L-shaped plate 21, so that opening 32 is parallel to the horizontal plane, facilitating the cosine receiver 5 to open or close opening 32. Sliding mechanism 6 enables second L-shaped plate 61 to move optical fiber 4, thereby adjusting the distance between optical fiber 4 and opening 32 and moving the first end of optical fiber 4 to a suitable position at the light source of opening 32, effectively improving measurement accuracy.

[0077] Secondly, the conversion device also includes a spacing adjustment plate 7 and a first elastic member 8; a limit ring 33 is arranged inside the through hole 31; the limit ring 33 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 3; the limit ring 33 is wrapped around the outside of the optical fiber 4; a first elastic member 8 is sleeved on the optical fiber 4; one end of the first elastic member 8 is connected to the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate body 61, and the other end passes through the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate body 21 and is connected to the top surface 331 of the limit ring 33; the spacing adjustment plate 7 is arranged at the bottom end of the mounting plate 1; the top end of the second L-shaped plate body 61 abuts against the spacing adjustment plate 7; when the flipping mechanism 2 flips the shell 3, the top end of the sliding mechanism 6 can move along the circumference of the spacing adjustment plate 7 to adjust the spacing between the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32. In this embodiment, the limiting ring 33 is an annular protrusion on the inner wall of the housing 3 at the through hole 31. The top surface 331 of the limiting ring 33 can axially limit the first elastic member 8, while the bottom surface 332 of the limiting ring 33 axially limits the adapter 57. The inner ring of the limiting ring 33 can axially guide the sleeve 10, resulting in a compact housing 3 and a high degree of integration. The first elastic member 8 and the second elastic member 56 can be springs. The first elastic member 8 ensures that the top of the vertical plate of the second L-shaped plate 61 always abuts against the spacing adjustment plate 7, thereby simultaneously adjusting the spacing between the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32 during the flipping action, reducing the adjustment time for optical path switching and improving optical path switching efficiency. Because the first L-shaped plate 21 rotates about the rotating shaft 23 of the flip mechanism 2, the spacing adjustment plate 7 is constructed as a non-circular, elongated structure. That is, when the second L-shaped plate 61 rotates circumferentially along the spacing adjustment plate 7, the spacing adjustment plate 7 squeezes the second L-shaped plate 61, and the elastic force of the first elastic member 8 presses the second L-shaped plate 61 against the outer wall of the spacing adjustment plate 7. This allows the second L-shaped plate 61 to move to different positions on the sliding mechanism 6. Specifically, when the second L-shaped plate 61 moves to the top and bottom ends of the spacing adjustment plate 7, the corresponding spacing between the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32 differs, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the spacing between the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32. By adding the spacing adjustment plate 7 and the first elastic member 8, the entire adjustment process eliminates the need for an external control system to be interposed on the sliding mechanism 6. The first end of the optical fiber 4 can be moved to a preset position through its own mechanical structure, achieving automatic switching of the position of the optical fiber 4 between the radiance measurement and irradiance measurement modes, making it highly suitable for use in long-term monitoring of the spectrometer.

[0078] In addition, the sliding mechanism 6 further includes a bearing 62. A connecting shaft 63 is provided on the side of the vertical plate of the second L-shaped plate 61 facing away from the sliding mechanism 6. The bearing 62 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 63, and the two are rotatably connected. The bearing 62 abuts against the spacing adjustment plate 7 and is capable of rolling along the circumference of the spacing adjustment plate 7. Compared to the method in which the top end of the second L-shaped plate 61 directly moves circumferentially along the spacing adjustment plate 7, the bearing 62 is capable of rolling while moving circumferentially, which increases the smoothness of the circumferential movement of the bearing 62 and effectively prevents the second L-shaped plate 61 and the spacing adjustment plate 7 from getting stuck. At the same time, the bearing 62 can absorb the frictional resistance applied by the spacing adjustment plate 7 and convert it into kinetic energy for the bearing 62's rotation, ensuring that the relative position of the second L-shaped plate 61 and the first L-shaped plate 21 does not change during the circumferential movement, thereby ensuring the position accuracy of the optical fiber 4 relative to the opening 32 and improving the detection accuracy.

[0079] Optionally, the spacing adjustment plate 7 is a cam. The cross-section of the cam is formed by the intersection of a large-diameter circle and a small-diameter circle, with a smooth transition at the intersection of the two circles. The cam structure allows the cam to squeeze the bearing 62 and cause it to undergo radial (cam) displacement as the bearing 62 moves along its circumference, thereby driving the second L-shaped plate 61 to move on the sliding mechanism 6, thereby adjusting the spacing between the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32. The cam's contour line is relatively regular, and the bearing 62 does not experience any faults when moving along the cam's circumference. This effectively reduces the vibration force on the optical fiber 4 and the housing 3, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32.

[0080] In this embodiment, the diameter of the lower cam wheel is smaller than the diameter of the upper cam wheel. Figure 1 In the radiance measurement state, the bearing 62 is located at the bottom end of the spacing adjustment plate 7. At this time, the first elastic member 8 is compressed, the distance between the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate 61 and the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate 21 is minimized, the distance between the first end of the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32 is minimized, and the cosine receiver 5 opens the opening 32 due to its own gravity. Figure 3 In the irradiance measurement state, the bearing 62 is located at the top of the spacing adjustment plate 7. At this time, the first elastic member 8 is stretched, the distance between the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate 61 and the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate 21 is the largest, the distance between the optical fiber 4 and the opening 32 is the largest, the cosine receiver 5 closes the opening 32 due to its own gravity, and the first end of the optical fiber 4 is exactly within the focal length range of the cosine receiver 5. The positional relationship between the second L-shaped plate 61 and the optical fiber 4 can be referred to. Figure 8 , Figure 8 The horizontal plates of the first L-shaped plate body 21 in the two measuring states are located at the same height and can be used as a reference for comparison.

[0081] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the conversion device further includes a coaxially arranged connecting plate 9 and a sleeve 10; the connecting plate 9 is arranged on the side of the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate 61 facing the cosine receiver 5; the sleeve 10 is wound around the outside of the optical fiber 4; one end of the sleeve 10 is connected to the connecting plate 9, and the other end is arranged in the through hole 31; the sleeve 10 is connected to the limiting ring 33 in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the optical fiber 4; and the first elastic member 8 is sleeved on the sleeve 10. Specifically, compared with the sliding connection between the optical fiber 4 and the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate 21, the axial movement of the optical fiber 4 is guided by adding the sleeve 10. On the one hand, the sliding stability of the optical fiber 4 can be enhanced, and the position accuracy of the first end of the optical fiber 4 can be improved; on the other hand, because the free end of the sleeve 10 extends into the interior of the housing 3 and the first end of the optical fiber 4 is built into the sleeve 10, the sleeve 10 can also enhance the sealing performance of the optical fiber 4.

[0082] The optical fiber 4 is secured by a second L-shaped plate 61. Movement of the second L-shaped plate 61 drives the synchronous movement of the optical fiber 4 and the probe 42. Since only one optical fiber 4 is required to complete radiance and irradiance measurements, the volume of the housing 3 is sufficiently small. This reduces the length from the clamping point of the optical fiber 4 on the second L-shaped plate 61 to the first end of the optical fiber 4, making it less susceptible to deformation and ensuring the positional accuracy of the first end of the optical fiber 4. Furthermore, a sleeve 10 is fitted over the optical fiber 4, further securing it. The sleeve 10 is then guided by the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate 21 or the inner ring of the retaining ring 33, significantly improving the positional accuracy of the optical fiber 4.

[0083] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 11As shown, the conversion device also includes a connecting rod assembly; the connecting rod assembly includes a mounting arm 51, a support arm 52, a connecting rod arm 53, a first hinge rod 54, a second hinge rod 55, a second elastic member 56 and a transfer platform 57; the first hinge rod 54 and the second hinge rod 55 are correspondingly connected to the housing 3 for rotation; a through hole 551 is opened on the second hinge rod 55; one end of the connecting rod arm 53 is hinged to the mounting arm 51, and the other end passes through or passes through the through hole 551; the second elastic member 56 is sleeved on the connecting rod arm 5 3; one end of the second elastic member 56 abuts the end of the connecting arm 53, and the other end abuts the expanded portion of the second hinged rod 55. The expanded portion is a concentric cylinder mounted on the body of the second hinged rod 55 and adapted to the diameter of the opening of the through-hole 551. The mounting arm 51 is mounted on the first hinged rod 54. The bottom end of the free end of the mounting arm 51 is connected to the cosine receiver 5, and the top end of the free end is hinged to the top end of the adapter 57. The bottom end of the adapter 57 is correspondingly connected to the sleeve 10 and the optical fiber 4. Specifically, the connecting arm 53 can extend and retract within the through-hole 551, and the second hinged rod 55 can rotate, allowing the connecting arm 53 to swing. The cosine receiver 5 moves via the mounting arm 51 and the first hinged rod 54. The rotation point of the first hinged rod 54 is fixed, meaning that the cosine receiver 5 swings around the axis of the first hinged rod 54. This fixed-point swing improves the flipping accuracy of the cosine receiver 5. The mounting arm 51 and the adapter 57 are linked via the support arm 52, so that when the sleeve 10 moves axially in the through hole 31, it can synchronously drive the cosine receiver 5 to move. On the one hand, compared with the way in which the cosine receiver 5 is directly hinged to the shell 3, the linkage structure of the mounting arm 51 and the adapter 57 drives the cosine receiver 5 to flip with higher accuracy; on the other hand, the linkage structure improves the connection strength of the cosine receiver 5. When encountering strong winds, the cosine receiver 5 is not easily closed or opened by the airflow, so that the cosine receiver 5 is always in an invalid or valid state, thereby ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0084] Optionally, the housing 3 is further provided with arcuate mounting slots 34; a pair of these slots 34 are rotatably connected to the respective ends of the second hinged rod 55. One end of each arcuate mounting slot 34 communicates with one end surface of the housing 3, while the other end is disposed on the sidewall of the housing 3. These arcuate mounting slots 34 effectively enhance the ease of assembly and disassembly of the connecting rod assembly. The respective ends of the first hinged rod 54 are rotatably connected to the pair of hinged holes 35 provided in the housing 3.

[0085] See also Figure 11The adapter 57 includes an ear plate 571, a disk body 572, and a cylinder body 573. The ear plate 571 is disposed on the end surface of the disk body 572 facing away from the sleeve 10 and is hinged to the support arm 52. The cylinder body 573 is coaxially disposed with the disk body 572 and is disposed on the end surface of the disk body 572 facing the sleeve 10. The free end of the cylinder body 573 is coaxially connected to the first end of the optical fiber 4. The cylinder body 573 is internally disposed in the sleeve 10. The disk body 572 is connected to the sleeve 10. In the radiance measurement state, the disk body 572 abuts the bottom surface 332 of the limit ring 33. Specifically, the free end of the cylinder body 573 and the first end of the optical fiber 4 can be threaded or snap-fitted, further improving the connection strength and positioning accuracy of the optical fiber 4 through the cylinder body 573. The disk body 572 can optionally have a flange, and a plurality of threaded holes are arranged around the edge of the disk body 572, which are threadedly connected to the sleeve 10. An optical fiber mounting hole is opened at the center of the multiple threaded holes. The first end of the optical fiber 4 is set in the optical fiber mounting hole. The external light source enters the optical fiber 4 through the optical fiber mounting hole, which effectively improves the connection strength and sealing of the optical fiber 4.

[0086] Furthermore, a first slot 211 is formed on the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate 21; a second slot 611 is formed on the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate 61; one end of the connecting rod arm 53 passes through the through hole 551 and the first slot 211 to the interior of the second slot 611. Specifically, the first slot 211 and the second slot 611 are used to swing the connecting rod arm 53 ( Figure 7 horizontal direction) and guides the link arm 53 while controlling its extension and contraction ( Figure 7 The arrangement of the first groove 211 and the second groove 611 provides movable space for the movable connection of the connecting rod arm 53, thereby reducing the volume of the concentric cylinder of the second hinge rod 55, allowing one end of the connecting rod arm 53 to extend out of the concentric cylinder without being restricted in the concentric cylinder, and ultimately reducing the volume of the housing 3.

[0087] In addition, the flipping mechanism 2 includes a rotary drive 22, a rotating shaft 23 and a first L-shaped plate 21; the rotary drive 22 is installed at the bottom end of the mounting plate 1; the rotating shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 1; one end of the rotating shaft 23 is connected to the rotary drive 22, and the other end is connected to the top of the vertical plate of the first L-shaped plate 21. Specifically, the rotary drive 22 can be an electric motor, a motor or a servo. The rotary drive 22 drives the rotating shaft 23 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 23 drives the first L-shaped plate 21 to flip so that the opening 32 faces upward or downward. Of course, a clearance groove for the first L-shaped plate 21, the sliding mechanism 6, the second L-shaped plate 61 and the bearing 62 needs to be provided on the mounting plate 1 to ensure that the opening 32 can be flipped to the preset position.

[0088] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is merely for the purpose of illustrating the technical approach and features of the present invention. Its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments. Any changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer, characterized in that: The conversion device comprises a mounting plate (1), a flip mechanism (2), a housing (3), an optical fiber (4) and a cosine receiver (5); The flip mechanism (2) is connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate (1); the bottom end of the flip mechanism (2) is connected to the housing (3); the first end of the optical fiber (4) is arranged inside the housing (3), and the second end passes through the housing (3); The housing (3) has a through hole (31) formed inside and an opening (32) formed at the bottom; the through hole (31) and the opening (32) are in communication; the first end of the optical fiber (4) is movable within the through hole (31) along the axial direction of the optical fiber (4); the cosine receiver (5) is movably connected to a side of the housing (3) facing away from the mounting plate (1) so as to be able to open or close the opening (32); The cosine receiver (5) is constructed as a flip structure; the flip mechanism (2) can drive the housing (3) to flip to point a below the mounting plate (1), and the cosine receiver (5) opens the opening (32) to perform radiance measurement; the flip mechanism (2) can drive the housing (3) to flip to point b above the mounting plate (1), and the cosine receiver (5) closes the opening (32) to perform irradiance measurement.

2. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion device further comprises a sliding mechanism (6); both the flipping mechanism (2) and the sliding mechanism (6) are provided with a connecting plate; The connecting plate of the turnover mechanism (2) is constructed as a first L-shaped plate (21); the connecting plate of the sliding mechanism (6) is constructed as a second L-shaped plate (61); One side of the sliding mechanism (6) is connected to the vertical plate of the first L-shaped plate (21), and the other side is connected to the vertical plate of the second L-shaped plate (61); the second L-shaped plate (61) is capable of moving along the axial direction of the optical fiber (4) on the sliding mechanism (6); The shell (3) is arranged on the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate body (21); the optical fiber (4) is connected to the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate body (21) by sliding along the axial direction of the optical fiber (4); and the optical fiber (4) is connected to the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate body (61).

3. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conversion device further comprises a spacing adjustment plate (7) and a first elastic member (8); A limiting ring (33) is provided inside the through hole (31); the limiting ring (33) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (3); the limiting ring (33) is wound around the outside of the optical fiber (4); The optical fiber (4) is sleeved with the first elastic member (8); one end of the first elastic member (8) is connected to the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate (61), and the other end passes through the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate (21) and is connected to the top surface (331) of the limiting ring (33); The spacing adjustment plate (7) is arranged at the bottom end of the mounting plate (1); the top end of the second L-shaped plate body (61) abuts against the spacing adjustment plate (7); when the flipping mechanism (2) flips the housing (3), the top end of the sliding mechanism (6) can move along the circumference of the spacing adjustment plate (7) to adjust the spacing between the optical fiber (4) and the opening (32).

4. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism (6) further includes a bearing (62); A connecting shaft (63) is provided on the side of the vertical plate of the second L-shaped plate body (61) facing away from the sliding mechanism (6); the bearing (62) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (63), and the two are rotatably connected; The bearing (62) abuts against the spacing adjustment plate (7) and is capable of rolling along the circumferential direction of the spacing adjustment plate (7).

5. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment plate (7) is a cam.

6. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conversion device further comprises a connecting plate (9) and a sleeve (10) which are coaxially arranged; The connecting plate (9) is arranged on a surface of the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate (61) facing the cosine receiver (5); The sleeve (10) is wound around the outside of the optical fiber (4); one end of the sleeve (10) is connected to the connecting plate body (9), and the other end is arranged in the through hole (31); the sleeve (10) and the limiting ring (33) are connected to each other in an axial sliding manner along the optical fiber (4); the first elastic member (8) is sleeved on the sleeve (10).

7. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conversion device further comprises a connecting rod assembly; the connecting rod assembly comprises a mounting arm (51), a support arm (52), a connecting rod arm (53), a first hinge rod (54), a second hinge rod (55), a second elastic member (56) and a transfer platform (57); The first hinge rod (54) and the second hinge rod (55) are correspondingly connected to the housing (3) for rotation; A through hole (551) is provided on the second hinged rod (55); one end of the connecting rod arm (53) is hinged to the mounting arm (51), and the other end passes through or out of the through hole (551); the second elastic member (56) is sleeved on the connecting rod arm (53); one end of the second elastic member (56) abuts against the connecting rod arm (53), and the other end abuts against the second hinged rod (55); The mounting arm (51) is sleeved on the first hinged rod (54); the bottom end of the free end of the mounting arm (51) is connected to the cosine receiver (5), and the top end of the free end is hinged to the top end of the transfer platform (57); the bottom end of the transfer platform (57) is correspondingly connected to the sleeve (10) and the optical fiber (4).

8. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transfer platform (57) includes an ear plate (571), a disc body (572) and a cylinder body (573); The ear plate (571) is arranged on an end surface of the disc body (572) facing away from the sleeve (10), and is hinged to the support arm (52); The cylinder (573) is coaxially arranged with the disk (572), and the cylinder (573) is arranged on an end surface of the disk (572) facing the sleeve (10); The free end of the cylinder (573) is coaxially connected to the first end of the optical fiber (4); the cylinder (573) is built into the sleeve (10); The disk body (572) is connected to the sleeve (10); in the radiance measurement state, the disk body (572) abuts against the bottom surface (332) of the limiting ring (33).

9. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first slot (211) is provided on the horizontal plate of the first L-shaped plate (21); a second slot (611) is provided on the horizontal plate of the second L-shaped plate (61); One end of the connecting rod arm (53) passes through the through hole (551) and the first slot body (211) in sequence to the interior of the second slot body (611).

10. The conversion device for long-term measurement of radiance and irradiance by a spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The cosine receiver (5) is hingedly or slidably connected to a side of the housing (3) facing away from the mounting plate (1).

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