GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement method and system based on sensing technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement method and system based on the sensing technology. The system comprises a passive wireless temperature measurement sensor installed on the surface of a contact in a GIS / GIL tank and a wireless signal collector in signal connection with the passive wireless temperature measurement sensor. The wireless signal collector comprises one or more of the following: an external wireless signal collector and a built-in wireless signal collector; the external wireless signal collector and the built-in wireless signal collector are respectively mounted according to the shape of a GIS / GIL tank body; the passive wireless temperature measurement sensor corresponding to the external wireless signal collector obtains energy in a self-energy-obtaining mode, and the built-in wireless signal collector corresponding to the external wireless signal collector obtains energy in a wireless energy transmission mode. The key problems of insulation, communication and installation in GIS / GIL application are effectively solved through innovative design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of GIS and GIL equipment detection, and in particular to a GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement method and system based on sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] As power grids evolve toward higher voltages, larger capacities, and more intensive systems, the number of GIS (gas-insulated switchgear) / GIL (gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines) systems in operation is increasing. GIS / GIL equipment has become the most numerous and fastest-growing critical equipment within substations. During operation, GIS / GILs can experience poor contact and increased contact resistance due to aging and wear, leading to contact heating. GIS / GIL contact heating is difficult to detect, but when temperatures reach a certain limit, it accelerates insulation aging and can even damage the insulation, directly impacting its lifespan and the safety of associated equipment. Research on heating and detection of GIS / GIL equipment, understanding its heating mechanisms, promptly detecting heating failures, and implementing appropriate remedial measures are crucial to the safety of power equipment and systems.

[0003] In GIS / GIL overheating failures, the primary heating point is the connection between the disconnector contacts and the busbar, resulting in the most frequent overheating failures. The most common cause of busbar overheating is prolonged current flow, poor joint contact, increased contact resistance, and severe contact point degradation, leading to partial discharge, heating, and ablation of the equipment. Heating areas in GIS / GIL disconnectors are primarily concentrated in the moving and static contacts, air chambers, shielding covers, closing contactors, and fastening screws, with the primary manifestations being ablation, melting, and burning. Heating causes of GIS / GIL disconnectors include improper opening and closing of the moving and static contacts, loose bolts, the presence of foreign matter, and broken insulators.

[0004] Currently, research on monitoring internal thermal faults in GIS / GILs remains largely at the laboratory exploratory stage. Some manufacturers and research institutions use infrared thermal imaging to measure the surface temperature of GIS / GIL tanks and develop GIS temperature field models, inferring internal tank temperatures and the locations of hot spots from these temperatures. This method is significantly affected by the GIS / GIL structure, dimensions, and operating environment, resulting in significant deviations from the actual temperature. Other manufacturers install fiber optic temperature sensors at the contact locations and drill holes in the tank to transmit the contact temperature to the outside of the GIS / GIL tank via optical fiber. This approach affects the electric field distribution within the tank, and drilling holes in the tank poses safety risks to GIS / GIL operation. Some research institutions use passive wireless sensors to monitor the internal temperature of GIS / GILs. This method is widely used in substation equipment such as high-voltage cabinets, but lacks in-depth research specific to the confined, high-voltage, and high-electric-field operating environments of GIS / GILs, resulting in no reliable solutions.

[0005] Sensors installed inside GIS / GIL must meet the GIS / GIL's insulation requirements. They must be able to withstand power frequency voltage, lightning surges, and switching overvoltages, without disrupting the internal electric field distribution or causing partial discharge. Furthermore, when wireless signals propagate within the tank, they are affected by the influence of insulators, conductors, switches, and other factors, causing rapid signal attenuation. To effectively transmit monitoring signals outside the tank, comprehensive optimization of the communication frequency band, sensors, and wireless receiving devices is required. Therefore, research on internal temperature monitoring in GIS / GILs is highly innovative and crucial for detecting internal defects and providing early warnings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement method and system based on sensing technology to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a GIS / GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology, comprising: a passive wireless temperature measurement sensor installed on the contact surface of the GIS / GIL tank, and a wireless signal collector connected one-to-one with the passive wireless temperature measurement sensor;

[0008] The passive wireless temperature sensor is installed in the shielding cover of the contact;

[0009] The wireless signal collector includes one or more of the following: an external wireless signal collector and a built-in wireless signal collector; the external wireless signal collector and the built-in wireless signal collector are installed according to the shape of the GIS / GIL tank respectively;

[0010] The passive wireless temperature measurement sensor corresponding to the external wireless signal collector obtains energy by self-collection, and the internal wireless signal collector corresponding to the external wireless signal collector obtains energy by wireless transmission;

[0011] The passive wireless temperature sensor and the wireless signal collector communicate with each other using an ultra-high frequency wireless band above 800 MHz.

[0012] Furthermore, when the wireless signal collector is a built-in wireless signal collector, the built-in wireless signal collector is installed in the hand hole of the GIS / GIL tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the antenna of the built-in wireless signal collector is a UHF wire, and there is an antenna cover on the outside of the UHF wire. The antenna feeder interface of the built-in wireless signal collector is installed in the hand hole of the GIS / GIL tank through a mounting flange.

[0014] Furthermore, when the wireless signal collector is an external wireless signal collector, the external wireless signal collector is installed on the pouring hole of the pot-type insulator of the GIS / GIL tank body.

[0015] Furthermore, the external wireless signal collector housing is a non-magnetic metal housing, and the external wireless signal collector is mounted on the pot-type insulator of the GIS / GIL tank body through a first clamp.

[0016] Furthermore, the first clamp is made of stainless steel.

[0017] Furthermore, the passive wireless temperature sensor is mounted on the contact through a second clamp.

[0018] Furthermore, the second clamp is fixed to the contact through a fixing buckle, and the second clamp is provided with an integrated hanging ear or a split hanging ear.

[0019] Furthermore, the passive wireless temperature measurement sensor is adhered to the contact.

[0020] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement method based on sensing technology, using the above-mentioned GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology, including the following steps:

[0021] The passive wireless temperature sensor collects temperature data on the contact and transmits the collected temperature data to the wireless signal collector;

[0022] The wireless signal collector transmits the temperature data to a host computer.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The present invention provides a GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement method and system based on sensing technology, which has significant advantages over the existing technology. Through innovative design, this solution effectively addresses key insulation, communication, and installation challenges in GIS / GIL applications. Specific technical benefits are demonstrated in the following aspects: First, the system utilizes collectors and sensors optimized for GIS / GIL structures, successfully enabling online contact temperature monitoring, overcoming the limitations of traditional detection technologies and meeting the requirements of large-scale project deployment. Second, through equipotential sensor installation, collector grounding, and component surface optimization, the system adapts to the insulation requirements of the full 110kV to 1100kV voltage range, ensuring partial discharge resistance even in high-voltage environments. Furthermore, the optimized use of ultra-high frequency (UHF) wireless bands above 800MHz for communication leverages the strong penetration of high-frequency signals to overcome the effects of narrow gaps such as GIS / GIL shielding covers and casting holes, ensuring stable data transmission in complex tank environments. Furthermore, through miniaturized sensor design and modular mounting component development, the system can flexibly adapt to a variety of contact structures, including arcs, cones, and cylinders. Differentiated mounting methods, such as nickel alloy clamps and epoxy resin sealing, effectively address the structural compatibility issues faced by equipment from different manufacturers.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path of the wireless signal collector in the self-energy mode;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path of the wireless signal collector under the wireless energy transmission mode;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of an external wireless signal collector, which is suitable for wireless signal collectors in self-energy mode;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the built-in wireless signal collector antenna, which is suitable for wireless signal collectors in wireless energy transmission mode;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the passive wireless temperature sensor's installation structure using a split-type mounting ear;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the passive wireless temperature sensor using an integrated mounting ear for installation;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the passive wireless temperature sensor installed on the second clamp;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the passive wireless temperature sensor by pasting;

[0035] Figure 10 This is the temperature change monitored by the present invention.

[0036] Description of the accompanying drawings:

[0037] 1. Casting hole; 2. External wireless signal collector; 3. Basin insulator; 4. Shielding cover; 5. Contact; 6. Conductor; 7. Gap between contact and conductor; 8. Built-in wireless signal collector; 9. Passive wireless temperature sensor; 10. First clamp; 11. GIS / GIL tank; 12. Antenna feeder interface; 13. UHF wire; 14. Radome; 15. Mounting flange; 16. Split mounting ear; 17. Second clamp; 18. Fixing clip; 19. Integrated mounting ear; 20. Cylindrical sensor mounting surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology, comprising: a passive wireless temperature sensor 9 installed on the surface of the contact 5 in the GIS / GIL tank 11, and a wireless signal collector connected one-to-one with the passive wireless temperature sensor 9;

[0039] The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is installed in the shielding cover 4 of the contact 5;

[0040] The wireless signal collector includes one or more of the following: an external wireless signal collector 2 and a built-in wireless signal collector 8; the external wireless signal collector 2 and the built-in wireless signal collector 8 are installed according to the shape of the GIS / GIL tank 11 respectively;

[0041] The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 corresponding to the external wireless signal collector 2 obtains energy by self-collection, and the internal wireless signal collector 8 corresponding to the external wireless signal collector 2 obtains energy by wireless transmission;

[0042] The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and the wireless signal collector communicate with each other using an ultra-high frequency wireless band above 800 MHz.

[0043] The system of the present invention includes a passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and a wireless signal collector. Figure 1As shown, the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is installed in the shielding cover 4 of the contact 5, and the wireless signal collector is installed on the casting hole 1 or in the hand hole of the basin insulator 3 of the GIS / GIL tank body 11. The working power of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is obtained by self-collection from the electromagnetic field surrounding the conductor. This is the working mode of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 corresponding to the external wireless signal collector 2. Alternatively, the working power of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is transmitted to the working power of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 by the wireless signal collector through electromagnetic waves using wireless energy transmission. This is the working mode of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 corresponding to the built-in wireless signal collector 8. The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 uses a contact temperature measurement method, measuring the contact temperature with a temperature probe, and using an ultra-high frequency wireless frequency band with a frequency above 800MHz to transmit the temperature data to the wireless signal collector.

[0044] In the present invention, the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 uses an ultra-high frequency wireless band with a frequency above 800 MHz to effectively transmit signals to the outside of the GIS / GIL tank 11, solving the problem of wireless signal transmission in a complex tank environment; the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is installed in the shielding cover 4 to avoid the influence of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 on the electric field distribution inside the GIS / GIL tank, thereby solving the safety problem of the equipment.

[0045] For the external wireless signal collector 2 , that is, when the wireless signal collector is an external wireless signal collector 2 , the external wireless signal collector 2 is installed on the pouring hole 1 of the pot-type insulator 3 of the GIS / GIL tank 11 .

[0046] The external wireless signal collector 2 is a non-magnetic metal shell, and is mounted on the pot-type insulator 3 of the GIS / GIL tank 11 via a first clamp 10. The first clamp 10 is made of stainless steel.

[0047] like Figure 2As shown, when using a self-powered passive wireless temperature sensor 9, communication between the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and the external wireless signal collector 2 is one-way. The passive wireless temperature sensor 9, mounted on the contact 5 within the GIS / GIL tank 11, measures the temperature of the contact 5 directly using a contact temperature probe. The temperature data is then transmitted via a wireless module within the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 via a micropower wireless method through the gap between the contact 5's shielding cover 4 and the conductor, i.e., the gap 7 between the contact and the conductor, into the GIS / GIL tank 11. The wireless signal propagates within the GIS / GIL tank 11 and is then transmitted to the exterior of the GIS / GIL tank 11 through the pouring hole 1 on the basin insulator 3, where it is received by the external wireless signal collector 2 mounted outside the pouring hole 1.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the antenna of the external wireless signal collector 2, installed in the handhole of the GIS / GIL tank 11, is enclosed by a radome 14. The antenna is sealed inside the radome 14 with epoxy resin. The antenna is located near the top of the radome 14, as close as possible to the interior of the GIS / GIL tank 11, but not deep enough to affect the electric field distribution inside the GIS / GIL tank 11.

[0049] For the built-in wireless signal collector 8 , that is, when the wireless signal collector is a built-in wireless signal collector 8 , the built-in wireless signal collector 8 is installed in the hand hole of the GIS / GIL tank 11 .

[0050] Among them, the antenna of the built-in wireless signal collector 8 is a UHF wire 13, and the outside of the UHF wire 13 is provided with an antenna cover 14. The antenna feeder interface 12 of the built-in wireless signal collector 8 is installed in the hand hole of the GIS / GIL tank body 11 through the mounting flange 15.

[0051] like Figure 3As shown, when a passive wireless temperature sensor 9, which draws energy from a built-in wireless signal collector 8 using wireless transmission, operates, the built-in wireless signal collector 8, installed in the handhole, emits ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves. These waves propagate within the GIS / GIL tank 11, passing through the gap between the shielding cover 4 of the contact 5 and the conductor (i.e., the gap 7 between the contact and the conductor), and are transmitted to the GIS / GIL tank 11 mounted on the contact 5. The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 converts the received electromagnetic waves into the power required for operation. After receiving sufficient energy, the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 directly measures the temperature of the contact 5 using a contact temperature probe. The temperature data is then wirelessly transmitted through the wireless module of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9. The wireless signal passes through the gap between the shielding cover 4 of the contact 5 and the conductor (i.e., the gap 7 between the contact and the conductor), and is transmitted into the GIS / GIL tank 11, where it is received by the built-in wireless signal collector 8 installed in the handhole.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, to achieve optimal reception, the built-in wireless signal collector 8, mounted on the casting hole 1, utilizes a non-magnetic metal housing and a multi-chamber design, ensuring good grounding to reduce noise interference. The housing of the built-in wireless signal collector 8, which contacts the GIS / GIL, is an open, arc-shaped enclosure and is snap-fitted to the casting hole 1. The antenna of the built-in wireless signal collector 8 is positioned near the casting hole and is cast within the housing of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 using epoxy sealant, ensuring optimal reception of the UHF signal transmitted from the GIS / GIL tank 11.

[0053] In the present invention, a UHF wireless frequency band above 800 MHz is selected as the transmission channel between the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and the wireless signal collector, which can better penetrate the shielding cover 4 of the contact 5 in the GIS / GIL tank 11, the gap 7 between the contact and the conductor, and the casting hole 1 of the pot insulator 3, and has a longer propagation distance and reception effect.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, as an example of a self-energy sensor application, a passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and an external wireless signal collector 2 communicate using 2.4Hz LoRa. The wireless signal from the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 can penetrate multiple pot insulators 3 and stably transmit to the external wireless signal collector 2 installed on the casting hole 1 of the pot insulator 3 outside the GIS / GIL tank 11. This enables online monitoring of the temperature of the contact 5 inside the GIS / GIL tank 11.

[0055] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, as an example of the application of a passive wireless temperature sensor 9 that obtains energy through wireless energy transmission, the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and the built-in wireless signal collector 8 use a communication frequency band with a center frequency of 915 MHz to achieve energy and temperature data transmission between the built-in wireless signal collector 8 and the passive wireless temperature sensor 9. The built-in wireless signal collector 8 first transmits the energy required for the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 to operate to the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 via electromagnetic waves. After the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 obtains sufficient energy, it measures the temperature of the contact 5 and feeds the measurement data back to the built-in wireless signal collector 8 via a wireless channel.

[0056] When the system is in operation, it must meet the insulation requirements of GIS / GIL equipment at voltage levels of 110 kV and above. To this end, the present invention implements the following measures for the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and wireless signal collector to ensure that the GIS / GIL contact 5 temperature monitoring system meets the GIS / GIL equipment's requirements for power frequency withstand voltage, lightning surge, and switching surge voltage, and does not generate partial discharge.

[0057] In a GIS / GIL, a semicircular shield is installed outside the busbar or disconnector contacts to provide a uniform electric field. The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 must be installed at the same potential within the shield 4 of the contact 5. The shield 4's uniform electric field prevents partial discharge caused by sharp corners and burrs on the passive wireless temperature sensor 9. During installation, the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 must be at the same potential as the GIS / GIL to prevent breakdown during UHV insulation testing. Furthermore, the housing of the wireless signal collector installed in the casting hole 1 or handhole must be well grounded to eliminate static electricity or common-mode interference.

[0058] In the present invention, the shapes and sizes of the contacts 5 of GIS / GIL of different voltage levels and different manufacturers are different. Common shapes of the contacts 5 are arc, conical, and cylindrical. Suitable installation methods are selected for different contact shapes.

[0059] The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 uses a contact temperature probe with a miniaturized design, which can meet the requirements of installation in a small space. The installation position is selected on the inclined surface of the contact 5 near the bottom of the shielding cover 4. Due to the reflection effect of the shielding cover 4 on the wireless signal, it is more conducive to the transmission of the wireless signal.

[0060] The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is mounted on the contact 5 via a second clamp 17. The second clamp 17 is fixed to the contact 5 via a fixing buckle 18. The second clamp 17 is provided with an integrated hanging ear 19 or a split hanging ear 16. The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is adhered to the contact 5.

[0061] The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 in the self-powered mode is fixed with a nickel alloy clamp, namely the second clamp 17, which is also used as the iron core of the energy extraction module. The second clamp 17 can be used in conjunction with the hanging ear and fixed with epoxy resin glue. Figure 6 As shown, on the conical contact, the second clamp 17 of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is designed to be arc-shaped, with a separate hanging ear or a hanging ear integrated with the clamp, that is, a split hanging ear 16 and an integrated hanging ear 19. The split hanging ear 16 and the second clamp 17 are installed on the contact 5 using the screws of the shielding cover 4 of the fixed contact 5. At the same time, epoxy resin glue is used to fix the bottom of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 and the second clamp 17 to the contact 5. Figure 7 As shown, for spherical or conical contacts, the second clamp 17 of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is designed as an integrated hanging ear 19, which is installed using the screws of the shielding cover 4 of the fixed contact 5 and fixed using epoxy resin glue. For cylindrical contacts, the second clamp 17 of the passive wireless temperature sensor 9 is designed as a metal strip without arc, which is directly wrapped around the contact 5 and fixed with a fixing buckle 18 after tightening. Figure 8 As shown, for spherical and conical contacts, you can also cooperate with the manufacturer to process an annular plane on the contact, that is, a cylindrical sensor installation plane 20, and surround the second clamp 17 on the contact, tighten it, and then fix it with a buckle. Figure 9 As shown, the passive wireless temperature measurement sensor 9 that obtains energy by wireless energy transmission is relatively small in size and is directly fixed to the contact 5 using epoxy resin glue, without the need for an additional second clamp 17 for fixation.

[0062] Based on the above system, the present invention also provides a GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement method based on sensing technology, which is characterized in that the above GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology is used, including the following steps:

[0063] The passive wireless temperature sensor 9 collects temperature data on the contact 5 and transmits the collected temperature data to the wireless signal collector;

[0064] The wireless signal collector transmits the temperature data to a host computer.

[0065] In order to verify the practical operability of the system of the present invention, performance and insulation tests were performed on the system of the present invention.

[0066] The experimental prototype was composed of three busbar sections with lengths of 2.7m, 3.63m and 2.32m respectively. The test current was 4000A and the SF6 filling pressure was 0.5MPa (20℃, G). Signal transmission, insulation and temperature rise experiments were carried out on the GIS contact temperature monitoring device.

[0067] 1) Insulation test

[0068] In accordance with the insulation requirements of 800kV GIS equipment, an insulation test was conducted on the prototype of the GIS contact temperature monitoring device. All indicators met the design requirements.

[0069] Power frequency voltage test: To ground, withstand voltage 960kV, 1min;

[0070] Lightning impulse voltage test: To ground, withstand voltage 2100kV, 15 times each for positive and negative polarity;

[0071] Switching impulse voltage test: To ground, withstand voltage 1550kV, 15 times each for positive and negative polarity;

[0072] Partial discharge test: ≤3pC at test voltage 555kV.

[0073] 2) Signal and temperature rise experiment

[0074] Wireless temperature sensors are installed on the contacts at both ends of each pot-type insulator of the three busbar sections. When installed externally, the wireless collector is installed on the pouring hole of the pot-type insulator on the right side of the first busbar section.

[0075] Signal transmission. The sensor signal can stably pass through all through-pot insulators and pouring holes

[0076] Measurement accuracy: The temperature rise measurement accuracy of all experimental sensors is <1.7℃

[0077] 3) Type test report

[0078] The 800kV GIS busbar equipped with a temperature monitoring device underwent loop resistance, temperature rise and insulation tests at Liaoning High Voltage Electrical Products Quality Inspection Co., Ltd. The test results fully met the requirements of GB / T 7674 and obtained the type test report on March 11, 2025, laying the foundation for the next step of full promotion.

[0079] The system of the present invention directly implants wireless sensors into the contact shield, achieving accurate temperature measurement of GIS contacts for the first time. Figure 10 The temperature changes monitored can be viewed in real time, showing the contact temperature rise and trend. This "full-time, no-blind-angle monitoring" provides a "perspective eye" for equipment health management.

[0080] Industry experts highly praised the successful development of the GIS contact temperature monitoring device, stating that "this technology overcomes the challenge of direct temperature measurement of GIS contacts, and its safety design and full-voltage adaptability provide an innovative paradigm for intelligent high-voltage equipment in the industry." This groundbreaking application of the GIS contact temperature monitoring device not only enhances the intrinsic safety of high-voltage equipment but also advances GIS internal temperature monitoring from "fuzzy" to "precise measurement," injecting strong momentum into the construction of a green, low-carbon energy internet.

[0081] In summary, the present invention provides a GIS and GIL contact temperature measurement method and system based on sensing technology, which has significant advantages over the existing technology. Through innovative design, this solution effectively addresses key insulation, communication, and installation challenges in GIS / GIL applications. Specific technical benefits are demonstrated in the following aspects: First, the system utilizes collectors and sensors specifically optimized for GIS / GIL structures, successfully enabling online contact temperature monitoring. This overcomes the limitations of traditional detection technologies and meets the requirements of large-scale engineering deployment. Second, through equipotential sensor installation, collector grounding, and component surface optimization, the system adapts to the insulation requirements of the full 110kV to 1100kV voltage range, ensuring the absence of partial discharge in high-voltage environments. Furthermore, the innovative use of ultra-high frequency (UHF) wireless bands above 800MHz for communication leverages the strong penetration of high-frequency signals to overcome the effects of metal shielding on transmission, ensuring stable data transmission in complex tank environments. Furthermore, through miniaturized sensor design and modular mounting component development, the system can flexibly adapt to a variety of contact structures, including arcs, cones, and cylinders. Differentiated installation methods, such as nickel alloy clamps and epoxy resin sealing, effectively address the structural compatibility issues faced by equipment from different manufacturers.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology, characterized in that: include: A passive wireless temperature sensor (9) installed on the surface of a contact (5) in a GIS / GIL tank (11), and a wireless signal collector connected one-to-one with the passive wireless temperature sensor (9); The passive wireless temperature sensor (9) is installed in the shielding cover (4) of the contact (5); The wireless signal collector includes one or more of the following: an external wireless signal collector (2) and a built-in wireless signal collector (8); the external wireless signal collector (2) and the built-in wireless signal collector (8) are respectively installed according to the shape of the GIS / GIL tank (11); The passive wireless temperature sensor (9) corresponding to the external wireless signal collector (2) obtains energy by self-collection, and the internal wireless signal collector (8) corresponding to the external wireless signal collector (2) obtains energy by wireless transmission; The passive wireless temperature sensor (9) and the wireless signal collector communicate with each other using an ultra-high frequency wireless band above 800 MHz.

2. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the wireless signal collector is a built-in wireless signal collector (8), the built-in wireless signal collector (8) is installed in the hand hole of the GIS / GIL tank (11).

3. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antenna of the built-in wireless signal collector (8) is a UHF wire (13), and an antenna cover (14) is provided on the outside of the UHF wire (13). The antenna feeder interface (12) of the built-in wireless signal collector (8) is installed in the hand hole of the GIS / GIL tank (11) through a mounting flange (15).

4. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the wireless signal collector is an external wireless signal collector (2), the external wireless signal collector (2) is installed on the pouring hole (1) of the pot-type insulator (3) of the GIS / GIL tank (11).

5. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The external wireless signal collector (2) has a non-magnetic metal shell, and the external wireless signal collector (2) is mounted on the pot-type insulator (3) of the GIS / GIL tank (11) via a first clamp (10).

6. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first hoop (10) is made of stainless steel.

7. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive wireless temperature sensor (9) is mounted on the contact (5) via a second clamp (17).

8. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second clamp (17) is fixed to the contact (5) via a fixing buckle (18), and the second clamp (17) is provided with an integrated hanging ear (19) or a split hanging ear (16).

9. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive wireless temperature sensor (9) is adhered to the contact (5).

10. A GIS, GIL contact temperature measurement method based on sensing technology, characterized in that: A GIS or GIL contact temperature measurement system based on sensing technology according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: The passive wireless temperature sensor (9) collects temperature data on the contact (5) and transmits the collected temperature data to the wireless signal collector; The wireless signal collector transmits the temperature data to a host computer.

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