Surface defect detection device suitable for sand casting castings

Abstract

The invention discloses a surface defect detection device suitable for sand casting castings, which comprises a bottom plate, a control panel is embedded on the bottom plate, movable vertical plates are horizontally and slidably mounted on the bottom plate, and the upper ends of the movable vertical plates are respectively provided with a fixing end for detecting and fixing the defects of the castings; according to the invention, on one hand, reliable support of the special-shaped casting is realized through the main and auxiliary fixed points which are coaxially arranged, the positions of the fixed points can be quickly switched even in the rotary detection process, and the probability of incomplete defect detection caused by end shielding in the surface defect detection process is reduced; and on the other hand, parameter acquisition in the defect detection process of the special-shaped casting is carried out through a carrying control system, smooth supporting in rotation detection is completed in a supporting point automatic transposition mode, and the phenomenon of casting surface defect detection failure caused by shielding is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of casting defect detection, and in particular to a surface defect detection device suitable for sand castings. Background Art

[0002] The principle of the water glass sand casting process is to use water glass (sodium silicate solution) as a binder to bond raw sand such as quartz sand together, and form high-strength and high-toughness casting sand through a solidification reaction. Sand castings come in a variety of styles, including but not limited to special-shaped castings and conventional castings. Special-shaped castings are made from more complex mold cavities.

[0003] Referring to a metal casting surface defect detection device with patent application number 2023111652370, the device uses automatic flipping to complete surface defect detection. However, when flipping special-shaped castings, the rotation fulcrums of the fixed end are not arranged at the same level. When there is end obstruction during the rotation defect detection process, the support point position of the fixed end needs to be changed, which affects the smoothness and efficiency of the rotation defect detection.

[0004] To this end, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a surface defect detection device suitable for sand castings, which is used to solve the problem of unsmooth defect detection caused by obstructions during the surface defect detection process.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: A surface defect detection device for sand castings, comprising a base plate, a control panel embedded in the base plate, movable vertical plates horizontally slidably mounted on the base plate, and fixed ends for fixing casting defects for detection are mounted on the upper ends of the movable vertical plates;

[0007] The fixed end includes a rotatably mounted fixing frame and a swivel support rod, the fixing frame is externally plugged with a main clamping tray, the swivel support rod is rotatably mounted on the middle portion of the main clamping tray, and the front side of the swivel support rod is hingedly connected to a secondary clamping support seat;

[0008] A driving mechanism for driving the main clamping tray and the rotary support rod to rotate is installed on the outer side of the movable vertical plate, and a motor three is installed on the outer side of the rotary support rod corresponding to the rotation fulcrum of the auxiliary clamping bracket.

[0009] It is further configured as follows: a mounting plate is embedded in the middle of the upper end of the movable vertical plate, the driving mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting plate, and one end of the rotating rod extends to the inner side of the movable vertical plate and is connected to the fixing frame.

[0010] It is further configured as follows: an inner driven wheel and an outer driven wheel are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod, the inner driven wheel is meshed with a lower driving wheel, the outer driven wheel is meshed with an upper driving wheel, a first motor is mounted on the outside of the lower driving wheel, and a second motor is mounted on the outside of the upper driving wheel.

[0011] It is further configured as follows: an adjustable bottom support for supporting the casting to be tested is installed above the middle of the bottom plate, both ends of the adjustable bottom support are hinged with blanking plates in contact with the ground, and an electric push rod for supporting the adjustable bottom support is installed on the bottom plate.

[0012] It is further configured as follows: the adjustable bottom support is an elastic arc structure, the output end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the lower side of the adjustable bottom support, and the upper end of the blanking plate is equipped with a rotating pin connected to the adjustable bottom support.

[0013] It is further configured as follows: a positioning assembly for horizontal movement of the movable vertical plate is installed on the base plate, the positioning assembly includes a screw rotatably installed in the middle of the base plate, the screw is provided with symmetrically distributed left-handed thread parts and right-handed thread parts, a slider connected to the screw is installed at the bottom of the movable vertical plate, and the movable vertical plate moves horizontally on the screw through the slider.

[0014] It is further configured as follows: guide rods are installed on both sides of the base plate, guide holes matching the guide rods are opened on both sides of the bottom of the movable vertical plate, and threaded holes are opened on the slider, and the slider is engaged with the left-handed thread part and the right-handed thread part on the screw through the threaded holes.

[0015] It is further configured that: the control panel is built with a mounted control system, and the mounted control system includes an orientation detection terminal, a rotation risk analysis terminal, an execution position adjustment terminal and a processor that are communicatively connected;

[0016] The orientation detection end is used to collect the orthographic projection value and rotational speed value during the detection of rotational defects of castings, and send the orthographic projection value and rotational speed value to the rotational risk analysis end through the processor; the rotational risk analysis end immediately analyzes the detection risk of rotational defects of castings based on the received orthographic projection value and rotational speed value, generates a control signal, and sends the control signal to the execution adjustment end to control the action of the component.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention addresses the problem of non-smooth defect detection caused by obstructions during surface defect detection. On the one hand, coaxially arranged primary and secondary fixed points are used to achieve reliable support for special-shaped castings. Even during rotational detection, the positions of the fixed points can be quickly switched, reducing the probability of incomplete defect detection caused by end obstructions during surface defect detection. On the other hand, an onboard control system is used to acquire parameters for the defect detection process of special-shaped castings, and smooth support during rotational detection is achieved by automatically transposing support points, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of failure in casting surface defect detection caused by obstructions.

[0019] 2. During the switching process of the main and auxiliary fixed points, the coaxially arranged main and auxiliary fixed points are used to achieve reliable support for the special-shaped casting. Even during the rotation detection process, the position of the fixed point can be quickly switched, thereby reducing the probability of incomplete defect detection caused by end obstruction during surface defect detection. Specifically, the folding angle of the auxiliary clamp holder is first adjusted and one of the auxiliary clamp holders is abutted against the horizontal end of the rhombus and the other auxiliary clamp holder is abutted against the lower side of the end of the rhombus, that is, it is in the obstructed position of the vertical projection of the surface defect detection end. At this time, the special-shaped casting is effectively fixed; secondly, the special-shaped casting is driven to rotate in the same direction by the main clamping trays on both sides. After rotating 180°, the auxiliary clamp holder is controlled to complete the folding deflection. At this time, the auxiliary clamp holders set on both sides complete the position change operation to fully reveal the surface to be inspected for defects, thereby preventing incomplete defect detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the fixed end of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the driving of the main clamping tray of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of driving the auxiliary clamping support rod of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the deployment of the auxiliary clamping support rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed end synchronous support of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the adjustable bottom support of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the defect detection terminal of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Base plate; 2. Movable vertical plate; 3. Adjustable bottom support; 4. Driving mechanism; 401. Rotating rod; 402. Motor 1; 403. Motor 2; 404. Lower driving wheel; 405. Inner driven wheel; 406. Upper driving wheel; 407. Outer driven wheel; 5. Fixed end; 501. Fixed frame; 502. Main clamp tray; 503. Rotating support rod; 504. Auxiliary clamp support; 505. Pad; 506. Motor 3; 6. Positioning assembly; 601. Screw; 602. Left-handed threaded portion; 603. Right-handed threaded portion; 604. Motor 4; 7. Guide hole; 8. Threaded hole; 9. Slider; 10. Mounting plate; 11. Follow-up rod; 12. Mounting groove; 13. Blanking plate; 14. Electric push rod; 15. Rotating pin; 16. Shooting probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: To address the problem of uneven defect detection caused by occlusion during surface defect detection, the following technical solution is proposed:

[0035] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment, a surface defect detection device for sand castings includes a base plate 1, a control panel is embedded in the base plate 1, a movable vertical plate 2 is horizontally slidably mounted on the base plate 1, and a fixed end 5 for fixing the casting defect detection is installed at the upper end of the movable vertical plate 2. Figure 11As shown, the defect detection end is arranged at the bottom of the detection plate above a pair of movable vertical plates 2, and the defect detection end is specifically a continuously arranged shooting probe 16, which is used to take a comprehensive picture of the casting to be defect-detected and perform defect detection. Since the defect detection equipment including the shooting probe 16 is a relatively mature technology in the existing technology, and this case is based on the technical solution of how to perform smooth defect detection when occlusion occurs during the defect detection process of sand casting castings, it will not be described in detail here;

[0036] The fixed end 5 includes a rotatable fixed frame 501 and a swivel support rod 503. The fixed frame 501 is plugged with a main clamping tray 502. The swivel support rod 503 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the main clamping tray 502. The front side of the swivel support rod 503 is hingedly connected to a secondary clamping support seat 504. A pad 505 is installed on the external side of the secondary clamping support seat 504. The pad 505 contacts the casting through the pad, thereby forming a stable two-way fixation.

[0037] A driving mechanism 4 is installed on the outer side of the movable upright plate 2 for driving the main clamping tray 502 and the rotary support rod 503 to rotate respectively. A motor 3 506 is installed on the outer side of the rotary support rod 503 corresponding to the rotation fulcrum of the auxiliary clamping bracket 504. The main clamping tray 502 and the auxiliary clamping bracket 504 constitute the main and auxiliary fixing points for stable support of different castings, and the position of the fixing points can be selected during the support process.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 6 As shown, a mounting plate 10 is embedded in the middle of the upper end of the movable vertical plate 2, and the driving mechanism 4 includes a rotating rod 401 rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting plate 10. One end of the rotating rod 401 extends to the inner side of the movable vertical plate 2 and is connected to the fixed frame 501. An inner driven wheel 405 and an outer driven wheel 407 are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 401, and a follower rod 11 is installed on the end of the rotating rod 401 extending to the inside of the outer driven wheel 407. The follower rod 11 is connected to the main clamping tray 502 and completes the rotation movement accordingly. The inner driven wheel 405 is meshed with the lower driving wheel 404, and the outer driven wheel 407 is meshed with the upper driving wheel 406. The lower driving wheel 404 is equipped with a motor 1 402, and the upper driving wheel 406 is equipped with a motor 2 403.

[0039] Structural Principle: The basic principle of this invention is basically the same as that of the existing surface defect detection equipment for sand castings. The difference lies in that the coaxially arranged primary and secondary fixed points can achieve reliable support for special-shaped castings. Even during the rotation detection process, the position of the fixed points can be quickly switched, reducing the probability of incomplete defect detection caused by end obstruction during the surface defect detection process.

[0040] First: Refer to Figure 8As shown, the special-shaped casting is placed between the movable vertical plates 2 with pre-adjusted spacing according to the end spacing. According to the shape of the special-shaped casting, such as a rhombus, refer to Figure 7 As shown, the folding angle of the auxiliary clamping seat 504 is adjusted so that one auxiliary clamping seat 504 abuts against the horizontal end of the rhombus and the other auxiliary clamping seat 504 abuts against the lower side of the end of the rhombus, that is, it is in a shielding position of the vertical projection of the surface defect detection end. At this time, the special-shaped casting is effectively fixed;

[0041] Then: Start surface defect detection, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the main clamping trays 502 on both sides rotate in the same direction to drive the special-shaped casting to rotate. After rotating 180 degrees, the auxiliary clamping brackets 504 are controlled to complete the folding and deflection. At this time, the auxiliary clamping brackets 504 set on both sides complete the position change operation and fully expose the surface to be inspected for defects, preventing incomplete defect detection.

[0042] In addition, the control panel is also equipped with an onboard control system, which includes a communication-connected position detection terminal, a rotation risk analysis terminal, an execution position adjustment terminal and a processor;

[0043] The orientation detection end is used to collect the front projection value and the rotation speed value during the casting rotation defect detection period, and send the front projection value and the rotation speed value to the rotation risk analysis end through the processor, wherein the front projection value ZT is measured by the line laser profile sensor set in front of and behind the casting to be defect detected, and the data measured by the line laser profile sensor includes three-view projection size data of the front view, the top view and the side view. The front projection data is used for explanation here, which is used to measure the front and rear dimensions of the casting during the rotation defect detection period, and the rotation speed value W is measured by the rotation speed sensors set in the motor 1 402 and the motor 2 403, which is used to reflect the rotation speed data of the motor 1 402 and the motor 2 403;

[0044] The rotation risk analysis terminal immediately analyzes the detection risk of casting rotation defects based on the received orthographic projection value ZT and rotation speed value W. The analysis process is as follows: Construct the calculation formula of the rotation risk coefficient HF: , where a and b are weight ratio coefficients and a>b>0, to assign weights to the calculation process of the reversal risk factor HF.

[0045] Compare the rotation risk coefficient HF with the rotation risk value preset in the processor and perform the corresponding control action: if the rotation risk coefficient is greater than the rotation risk value, a positive control signal is generated. Figure 8As shown, the auxiliary clamp support 504 on the left is controlled to complete the adjustment of the folding angle. At this time, the auxiliary clamp support 504 is adjusted from being located at the end of the special-shaped casting to contacting the lower side of the end and forming support. At the same time, the auxiliary clamp support 504 on the right is adjusted from contacting the lower side of the end to the end of the special-shaped casting, ensuring that the special-shaped casting to be inspected for defects forms an uninterrupted and stable support.

[0046] If the reversal risk coefficient is less than the reversal risk value, a reverse control signal is generated. Figure 8 As shown, the auxiliary clamp support 504 on the left side is controlled to complete the adjustment of the folding angle. At this time, the auxiliary clamp support 504 is adjusted from contacting the lower side of the end to being located at the end of the special-shaped casting and forming a support. At the same time, the auxiliary clamp support 504 on the right side is adjusted from the end of the special-shaped casting to contacting the lower side of the end, which also ensures that the special-shaped casting to be inspected for defects forms an uninterrupted and stable support.

[0047] If the reversal risk coefficient = reversal risk value, no signal is generated.

[0048] Reference Figure 9 As shown, an adjustable bottom support 3 for supporting the casting to be tested is installed above the middle of the bottom plate 1, and blanking plates 13 in contact with the ground are hinged at both ends of the adjustable bottom support 3. An electric push rod 14 for supporting the adjustable bottom support 3 is installed on the bottom plate 1. The adjustable bottom support 3 is an elastic arc-shaped structure. The output end of the electric push rod 14 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the adjustable bottom support 3. A rotating pin 15 connected to the adjustable bottom support 3 is installed on the upper end of the blanking plate 13;

[0049] It is important to note that during the defect detection process of the special-shaped casting to be inspected, the fixed end formed by the main clamping tray 502 and the auxiliary clamping bracket 504 completes the end fixation, and the bottom support is always completed by the adjustable bottom support 3. Specifically, the adjustable bottom support 3 is supported by the electric push rod 14, and it is always ensured that the top of the adjustable bottom support 3 is in contact with the bottom of the special-shaped casting to complete the support, so as to prevent it from falling off due to the excessive weight of the casting.

[0050] Basic principle: On the one hand, this embodiment realizes reliable support for special-shaped castings through coaxially arranged primary and secondary fixed points. Even during the rotation detection process, the position of the fixed points can be quickly switched, reducing the probability of incomplete defect detection caused by end occlusion during the surface defect detection process; on the other hand, the parameters of the special-shaped casting defect detection process are acquired through the equipped control system, and smooth support in the rotation detection is completed by automatically replacing the support points, avoiding the phenomenon of failure of casting surface defect detection due to occlusion.

[0051] Example 2: This example optimizes the structure of Example 1:

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the base plate 1 is mounted with an adjustment assembly 6 for horizontal movement of the movable upright 2. The adjustment assembly 6 includes a screw 601 rotatably mounted in the middle of the base plate 1. The screw 601 is provided with a symmetrically distributed left-handed thread portion 602 and a right-handed thread portion 603. A slider 9 is mounted at the bottom of the movable upright 2 and is sleeved with the screw 601. The movable upright 2 is horizontally moved on the screw 601 via the slider 9.

[0053] A motor 4 604 is mounted on one end of the base plate 1 corresponding to the screw 601. The motor 4 604 controls the rotation of the screw 601. Guide rods are mounted on both sides of the base plate 1. Guide holes 7 matching the guide rods are formed on both sides of the bottom of the movable upright plate 2. A threaded hole 8 is formed on the slider 9. The slider 9 engages with the left-handed threaded portion 602 and the right-handed threaded portion 603 on the screw 601 through the threaded hole 8. The movable upright plate 2, which is threadedly connected to the screw 601 through the slider 9, can be flexibly adjusted in position.

[0054] Based on the first embodiment, before the special-shaped casting is fixed, the position of a pair of movable vertical plates 2 is adjusted in advance by the motor 4 604, so that the special-shaped casting can be placed stably.

[0055] Embodiment 3: This embodiment combines Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 to form a detection method for a surface defect detection device for sand castings, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: First, adjust the spacing between the movable uprights 2 and the folding angle of the auxiliary clamping seats 504 according to the size of the special-shaped casting, and make one of the auxiliary clamping seats 504 abut against the horizontal end of the rhombus and the other auxiliary clamping seat 504 abut against the lower side of the end of the rhombus, that is, in a position blocking the vertical projection of the surface defect detection end. At this time, the special-shaped casting is effectively fixed;

[0057] Step 2: Start surface defect detection. The main clamping trays 502 on both sides rotate in the same direction, driving the special-shaped casting to rotate. After rotating 180 degrees, the auxiliary clamping brackets 504 are controlled to complete the folding and deflection. At this time, the auxiliary clamping brackets 504 set on both sides complete the position change operation and fully expose the surface to be inspected for defects, preventing incomplete defect detection.

[0058] Step 3: During the surface defect detection process, the control system is used to obtain the orthographic projection value and rotation speed value in real time. The bottom support is combined with the interchangeable end support to achieve stable support for the special-shaped casting to be detected for surface defects, preventing the defect detection from being unsmooth due to obstruction.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all details in detail, nor do they limit the present invention to only specific implementation methods.

Claims

1. A surface defect detection device for sand castings, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A control panel is embedded in the bottom plate (1), and a movable vertical plate (2) is horizontally slidably mounted on the bottom plate (1), and a fixed end (5) for fixing casting defects detection is mounted on the upper end of each movable vertical plate (2); The fixed end (5) comprises a rotatably mounted fixing frame (501) and a swivel support rod (503); the fixing frame (501) is externally plugged with a main clamping tray (502); the swivel support rod (503) is rotatably mounted on the middle portion of the main clamping tray (502); and a secondary clamping support seat (504) is hingedly connected to the front side of the swivel support rod (503); A driving mechanism (4) for driving the main clamping tray (502) and the rotary support rod (503) to rotate is installed on the outer side of the movable vertical plate (2), and a motor 3 (506) is installed on the outer side of the rotary support rod (503) corresponding to the rotation fulcrum of the auxiliary clamping support seat (504).

2. A surface defect detection device for sand castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting plate (10) is embedded in the middle of the upper end of the movable vertical plate (2), and the driving mechanism (4) includes a rotating rod (401) rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting plate (10). One end of the rotating rod (401) extends to the inner side of the movable vertical plate (2) and is connected to the fixing frame (501).

3. A surface defect detection device for sand castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating rod (401) is provided with an inner driven wheel (405) and an outer driven wheel (407) in sequence on the outside. The inner driven wheel (405) is meshed with a lower driving wheel (404), and the outer driven wheel (407) is meshed with an upper driving wheel (406). The lower driving wheel (404) is provided with a first motor (402), and the upper driving wheel (406) is provided with a second motor (403).

4. The surface defect detection device for sand castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable bottom support (3) for supporting the casting to be inspected is installed above the middle of the bottom plate (1), and blanking plates (13) in contact with the ground are hinged at both ends of the adjustable bottom support (3). An electric push rod (14) for supporting the adjustable bottom support (3) is installed on the bottom plate (1).

5. The surface defect detection device for sand castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustable bottom support (3) is an elastic arc-shaped structure, the output end of the electric push rod (14) is rotatably connected to the lower side of the adjustable bottom support (3), and the upper end of the blanking plate (13) is equipped with a rotating pin (15) connected to the adjustable bottom support (3).

6. The surface defect detection device for sand castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is provided with a positioning assembly (6) for horizontally moving the movable vertical plate (2). The positioning assembly (6) comprises a screw (601) rotatably mounted in the middle of the bottom plate (1). The screw (601) is provided with a symmetrically distributed left-handed thread portion (602) and a right-handed thread portion (603). The bottom of the movable vertical plate (2) is provided with a slider (9) sleeved with the screw (601). The movable vertical plate (2) is horizontally moved on the screw (601) via the slider (9).

7. The surface defect detection device for sand castings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Guide rods are installed on both sides of the base plate (1), guide holes (7) matching the guide rods are opened on both sides of the bottom of the movable vertical plate (2), and threaded holes (8) are opened on the slider (9). The slider (9) is respectively engaged with the left-handed threaded portion (602) and the right-handed threaded portion (603) on the screw rod (601) through the threaded holes (8).

8. The surface defect detection device for sand castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control panel is equipped with a built-in carrying control system, which includes a position detection terminal, a rotation risk analysis terminal, a position adjustment execution terminal and a processor that are communicatively connected; The orientation detection end is used to collect the orthographic projection value and the rotation speed value during the casting rotation defect detection, and send the orthographic projection value and the rotation speed value to the rotation risk analysis end through the processor; Rotation The risk analysis end immediately analyzes the detection risk of rotational defects in castings based on the received orthographic projection value and rotational speed value, generates a control signal, and sends the control signal to the execution adjustment end to control the component action.

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