Device for demonstrating hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in pol theory

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen atom electron transition demonstration in the pol theory, and discloses a hydrogen atom spectrum demonstration device in the pol theory in high school physics teaching, which comprises a hydrogen atom energy level main body model, a movable outermost layer structure, an electron ejection device, a base, a sensor model, a single chip microcomputer model and a light emitting control program. Through combination of a mechanical structure, a sensor and a programming technology, the device not only can demonstrate optical knowledge of hydrogen atom electron transition in the pol theory, but also can demonstrate a light emitting rule in a Ballast line system. The demonstration instrument not only realizes qualitative teaching of the electron transition theory, but also guides students to cultivate basic qualities required by physical experiments, such as operational ability and exploration thinking. The device is simple to operate, obvious in demonstration effect, light in weight and easy to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of teaching aids, and is mainly used for demonstrating Bohr's theory on hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible light spectrum in high school physics teaching. Background Art

[0002] The hydrogen atom electron transition demonstrator is an experimental device used in physics teaching. Its main function is to demonstrate the principle of hydrogen atom electron transition in Bohr theory through intuitive phenomena.

[0003] However, during the actual operation, the inventors found that the following problems still exist: the existing theoretical demonstration device of hydrogen atom electron transition has several deficiencies and defects, which are mainly manifested in: the existing theoretical demonstration device of hydrogen atom electron transition is mainly a staircase structure; it cannot reflect the effect of electron movement around the nucleus; it cannot demonstrate the effect of radiating visible light during electron transition; the teaching function is single, not closely related to students' actual life, and lacks comprehensive cultivation of physical knowledge, scientific attitude and responsibility; the demonstration effect is not intuitive enough, and it is difficult to fully cover all relevant teaching content.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a device for high school physics teaching to demonstrate the hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in Bohr's theory. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a new structure and, through the cooperation of sensors and single-chip microcomputers, more intuitively simulates and demonstrates the process of hydrogen atom electron transition in Bohr's theory and the luminescence law in the Balmer line system.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a teaching tool for demonstrating the hydrogen atom electronic transition spectrum in Bohr's theory, comprising a hydrogen atom energy level model, a micro-inductive sensor (small metal proximity switch GX-H8A), a MEGA2560 R3 development board, one 5V LED light strip (purple, blue, green, and red), a 12V power supply, and a base. The hydrogen atom energy level model and the base are manufactured using 3D printing technology. The hydrogen atom energy level model is placed on the base with a clearance fit. The outermost structure of the hydrogen atom energy level model is detachable from the main body, and the outermost structure is mounted on the main body with a clearance fit and a ejection mechanism is provided thereon. The metal proximity switch is installed in a corresponding opening of the hydrogen atom energy level model with its detection surface facing upward, and is powered by a 12V power supply. Its signal output line is connected to the MEGA2560 R3 development board. The MEGA2560 R3 development board is fixed to the base by adhesive and connected to a 12V power bank via a USB port for power. It also outputs a 5V voltage to power the four-color LED light strip. The hydrogen atom energy level model is equipped with six openings between energy levels to demonstrate randomness, and a large metal ball is placed at the bottom of the model to simulate the hydrogen nucleus.

[0007] When in use, turn on the power bank to power the development board and the metal proximity switch. The metal ball is launched through the catapult mechanism on the hydrogen atom energy level. When the ball touches different metal proximity switches, it will cause them to emit a negative signal. After receiving the signal, the MEGA2560 R3 development board controls the corresponding light strips through the internal program to emit light representing different energy level transitions.

[0008] Preferably, the outermost movable structure is provided with an ejection mechanism, which is connected by a rubber band and provides elastic force.

[0009] Preferably, the six openings between energy levels for demonstrating randomness are respectively located between the sixth energy level and the fifth energy level and the fifth energy level and the fourth energy level corresponding to the four openings for installing sensors on the energy level main model; between the sixth energy level and the fifth energy level on the left side; between the sixth energy level and the fifth energy level, the fifth energy level and the fourth energy level, and the fourth energy level and the third energy level on the right side.

[0010] Preferably, the metal ball is a steel ball with a diameter of 11 mm for simulating electrons.

[0011] Preferably, the miniature inductive sensor small volume metal proximity switch GX-H8A can identify metal within 2 mm above the detection surface.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention relates to a device for demonstrating the electronic transition process and spectrum of hydrogen atoms for teaching purposes. The device utilizes 3D printing technology to manufacture its main body. The design of the main body opening, the outermost movable structure, and the ejection structure achieve randomness in the demonstration process of the electronic transition of hydrogen atoms. Furthermore, the combination of a metal sensor and a MEGA2560 R3 development board enables demonstration of the luminescence patterns of transitions in the electronic Balmer line system. This demonstrator not only provides a visual demonstration of Bohr's theory but also of electronic transitions in hydrogen atoms. Furthermore, through activities such as experimental operation, observation, recording, and analysis, it guides students to develop the basic qualities required for physical experiments, such as hands-on ability and inquisitive thinking. The device is also simple and easy to operate, has a stable structure, and provides effective demonstrations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is the general assembly diagram of the present invention

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention

[0016] Figure 3 A top view of the present invention

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention

[0018] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention

[0019] Figure 6 The control circuit diagram of the present invention

[0020] Figure 1: 1. Movable outermost structure; 2. Large metal ball with a diameter of 20mm; 3. Main model of hydrogen atom energy levels; 4. 12V power bank; 5. Base; 6. MEGA2560 R3 development board; 7. 12V battery pack; 8. One 5V purple, blue, green, and red light strip; 9. Six openings between energy levels for demonstrating randomness; 10. Four openings on the main energy level model for installing sensors; 11. Small metal ball with a diameter of 11mm; 12. "Electronic" ejection device; 13. Opening in the energy level model for connecting the light strip; 14. Four GX-H8A small-volume metal proximity switches, which are micro inductive sensors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-4 The "electron" ejection device 12 is attached to the movable outermost structure 1 via a rubber cord. During use, the "electron" (a small 11mm diameter metal ball 11) can be ejected by stretching the rubber cord. The movable outermost structure 1 is mounted on the hydrogen atom energy level main model 3 with a clearance fit, allowing it to rotate around its center. The "atomic nucleus" (a large 20mm diameter metal ball 2) is placed at the bottom of the hydrogen atom energy level main model 3. One 5V purple, blue, green, and red light strip 8 is attached to the hydrogen atom energy level main model 3 from top to bottom using its own adhesive backing. The power cord is connected through the energy level model opening 13 to the 5V voltage output port on the MEGA2560 R3 development board 6 to power the light strips. Four GX-H8A miniature inductive sensors (small metal proximity switches) are installed in sequence on the energy level model using an interference fit, in corresponding sensor mounting holes (10). Their power cables are connected to and powered by a 12V battery pack (7), while their signal cables are connected to the MEGA2560 R3 development board (6). When "electrons" (11mm diameter metal balls (11)) pass over the top surface of the sensor (14), the sensor (14) emits a negative signal, which is transmitted to the MEGA2560 R3 development board (6). The MEGA2560 R3 development board (6) is powered by a 12V power bank (4) via its USB port. The entire board is mounted on the base (5) using a clearance fit.

[0023] During the demonstration, turn on the power switch of a 12V power bank 4, place an "electron" (a small 11mm diameter metal ball 11) in front of the electron ejection mechanism 12, and pull the ejection mechanism to launch the electron. After rotating in the outermost energy level, the electron randomly falls through openings 9 and 10 in the atomic energy structure, ultimately landing at the bottom of the hydrogen atom energy level main model 3. When the electron passes through sensor 14, it sends a negative signal to the microcontroller 6. The microcontroller, using the programmed light control program, activates the corresponding light strip, thereby demonstrating the visible spectrum of the Balmer series. After completing a demonstration, press the reset button on the MEGA2560 R3 development board 6, rotate the movable outermost structure 1, and return the electron (a small 11mm diameter metal ball 11) to the electron ejection mechanism 12 for another demonstration, ensuring the electron's falling process is random.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for demonstrating the hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in Bohr's theory, characterized in that: include: The movable outermost structure (1) has an opening on its protruding portion. The "electron" ejection device (12) is connected to the movable outermost structure (1) through a clearance fit of the opening and is tightened by a rubber band. A metal ball (11) with a diameter of 11 mm is used to simulate an electron and is placed in front of the "electron" ejection device (12). The movable outermost structure (1) is connected to the hydrogen atom energy level main model (3) through a clearance fit so that it can rotate around the center of the hydrogen atom energy level main model (3); The main model of hydrogen atom energy level (3) is funnel-shaped. Six barriers are set from high to low and the space is divided into six energy levels. Four openings (10) for installing sensors are set in a straight line from high to low between the energy levels. Micro inductive sensor small volume metal proximity switch GX-H8A The four (14) are sequentially installed on the four openings (10) for installing sensors on the energy level main body model by interference fit; six energy level openings (9) for demonstrating randomness are arranged opposite to and on the left and right sides of the four openings (10) for installing sensors on the energy level main body model, and the six energy level openings (9) for demonstrating randomness are respectively located between the sixth energy level and the fifth energy level and the fifth energy level and the fourth energy level of the four openings (10) for installing sensors on the energy level main body model; between the sixth energy level and the fifth energy level on the left; between the sixth energy level and the fifth energy level, the fifth energy level and the fourth energy level, and the fourth energy level and the third energy level on the right; the hydrogen atom energy level main body model (3) is connected to the base (5) by clearance fit; The base (5) is an L-shaped structure placed at an angle. The upper surface of the base (5) is designed with a circular sink slightly larger than the bottom of the hydrogen atom energy level main model (3). The sinking surface is provided with a 12V battery pack (7), a MEGA2560 R3 development board (6) and a 12V power bank (4).

2. The device for demonstrating the hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in Bohr's theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: One 5V purple, blue, green, and red light strip (8) is attached to the outside of the hydrogen atom energy level main model (3) in order from top to bottom. The one 5V purple, blue, green, and red light strip (8) passes through the hydrogen atom energy level main model (3) through the energy level model opening (13) for connecting the light strips and is connected to the corresponding output interface of the MEGA2560 R3 development board (6).

3. The device for demonstrating the hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in Bohr's theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: A large metal ball (2) with a diameter of 20 mm is placed at the bottom of the hydrogen atom energy level main model (3) to simulate the atomic nucleus.

4. The device for demonstrating the hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in Bohr's theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small metal ball (11) with a diameter of 11 mm and the large metal ball (2) with a diameter of 20 mm are both made of steel.

5. The device for demonstrating the hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in Bohr's theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable outermost layer structure (1), the hydrogen atom energy level main body model (3) and the base (5) are all made of PLA material by 3D printing.

6. The device for demonstrating the hydrogen atom electron transition theory and visible spectrum in Bohr's theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 12V power bank (4) on the base (5) is connected to the MEGA2560R3 development board (6) and supplies power. The 12V battery pack (7) on the base (5) is connected to four (14) micro-inductive sensor small-volume metal proximity switches GX-H8A and supplies power. The four (14) signal lines of the micro-inductive sensor small-volume metal proximity switches GX-H8A are connected to the MEGA2560R3 development board (6) and input signals.

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