Self-balancing anchor performance testing device and testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-balancing anchor performance testing device. The self-balancing anchor performance testing device comprises a bearing frame body, linear driving equipment and a data acquisition assembly, the bearing frame body is fixed to the floating type work platform and comprises a base, a counter-force mechanism and a reversing mechanism. The base is provided with a slideway, the reversing mechanism is arranged at the end of the slideway, and the counter-force mechanism is fixed on the slideway. The linear driving device abuts against the counter-force mechanism, provides power in the direction of the sliding way and is connected with the testing anchor through the mooring rope. The data acquisition assembly comprises a load recording piece, a travel recording piece and a displacement reference object. The number of the slide ways is one or two, and the two sets of bearing frame bodies, the linear driving devices and the data acquisition assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the slide ways. Based on the test device, the invention also discloses a self-balancing anchor performance test method, which comprises the following steps: selecting a test site, throwing the test anchors and the displacement reference object, installing the test device, connecting the test device and the test anchors, loading a counter-pull test step by step, collecting test data, and realizing the counter-pull test of the two groups of test anchors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore engineering construction, and in particular to a testing device and method for anchor performance. Background Art

[0002] With the continued expansion of marine engineering, especially the continued advancement of deep-sea resource development and cross-sea channel construction, the use of anchors is no longer limited to traditional ship anchoring but has gradually extended to various marine engineering construction projects. Large grip anchors, in particular, have gained widespread application due to their superior performance in the precise positioning of floating structures such as caissons, pipes, and caissons. As key positioning components in positioning construction, the performance parameters of large grip anchors directly impact the safety and economic viability of the project. However, due to the diversity of seabed geological conditions, the interaction mechanisms between the anchor body and the seabed vary. Coupled with the varying operating elevation angles of the anchor rod, the same anchor exhibits significantly different performance under different operating conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to develop scientific equipment and methods to test positioning anchors under different operating conditions to provide scientific reference data for marine engineering construction.

[0003] The current mainstream anchor performance testing methods mainly include tugboat towing and model testing, which have the following shortcomings in practical applications: the rental cost of high-horsepower tugboats is high, and it is impossible to accurately load and obtain all test data step by step; model tests often cannot fully simulate all the complex factors in the real marine environment, such as water currents, waves, soil characteristics, etc., which may lead to a certain deviation between the test results and the actual performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device or method for testing the performance of positioning anchors, breaking through the bottlenecks of high testing cost, low accuracy and poor simulation authenticity in the existing technology, and testing the anchor performance scientifically and stably.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a self-balancing anchor performance testing device, comprising: a load-bearing frame, a linear drive device and a data acquisition component;

[0006] The carrier body is fixed to the floating work platform and includes a base, a reaction mechanism and a reversing mechanism; the base is provided with a slideway, and the slideway extends out of the floating work platform at least at one end close to the test anchor; the reversing mechanism is provided at one end of the slideway close to the test anchor, providing a reversing function for the cable to enter the test device; the reaction mechanism is fixed to the slideway, and a rigid pressure plate is provided on the side facing away from the reversing mechanism;

[0007] The linear drive device is pressed against the pressure plate to provide power along the extension direction of the slideway; the linear drive device is connected to the test anchor after being reversed by a reversing mechanism via a cable;

[0008] The data acquisition assembly includes a load recording component, a stroke recording component, and a displacement reference, which are respectively used to measure the gripping force of the test anchor, the cable retraction length of the test device, and the displacement of the test anchor;

[0009] When the slide is set to a single one, the two groups of the reaction mechanism, the reversing mechanism, the linear drive device and the data acquisition component are mirror-imaged with respect to the slide; when the slide is set to at least two, the two groups of the support frame, the linear drive device and the data acquisition component are centrally symmetrically arranged.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the testing device further includes a transfer assembly; the transfer assembly includes a flexible traction member and a transfer mechanism; one end of the flexible traction member is connected to the output end of the linear drive device, and the other end is connected to the transfer mechanism; the end of the cable entering the testing device is connected to the transfer mechanism.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a buckle groove is provided at the bottom of the transfer mechanism; the buckle groove is slidably connected to the slide; the buckle groove matches the upper contour of the slide to cooperate with the slide along the vertical and lateral limits.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the transfer mechanism includes a main frame, an anchor plate and a first pin shaft; the cable passes through the main frame and is fixedly connected to the anchor plate; the anchor plate and the main frame are limitedly matched in a direction close to the linear drive device; the cable is connected to the main frame through the first pin shaft.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction mechanism further includes a first ear plate; the first ear plate is vertically fixed to the pressure plate and the slideway, and provides constraints for the pressure plate along the extension direction of the slideway.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the reversing mechanism adopts a pulley structure, including a pulley, a second ear plate and a first pin shaft; the two second ear plates are relatively fixed on the slide along the extension direction of the slide; the pulley is installed between the two second ear plates through the second pin shaft.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the load recording member is arranged between the linear drive device and the reaction mechanism, or in the linear drive; the stroke recording member is arranged in the linear drive; and the displacement reference object is thrown at a position adjacent to the test anchor.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the support frame further includes an anti-collapse ring; the anti-collapse ring and the slideway are configured to form a closed structure in the circumferential direction; a plurality of the anti-collapse rings are fixed on the slideway at intervals along the extension direction of the slideway.

[0017] The present invention also provides a self-balancing anchor performance testing method, which uses the self-balancing anchor performance testing device described above. The testing method includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Select the in-situ or a site with similar geological conditions to the specific project as the test site;

[0019] Step 2: Connect the test anchor to a section of anchor chain; drop the test anchor and the displacement reference object to a preset position; and hang buoys on the test anchor, anchor chain, and displacement reference object respectively through steel wire ropes;

[0020] Step 3: Installing the test device on the floating work platform and debugging the linear drive device;

[0021] Step 4: Connect one end of the cable to the anchor chain, and connect the other end to the linear drive device indirectly or directly after passing through the reversing mechanism; in the same manner, connect the opposite side of the test device to another test anchor to form a bidirectional pulling system for the test anchor;

[0022] Step 5: Start the linear drive device to apply tension to the test anchor step by step. Continue applying tension after each force level is increased to observe the displacement of the test anchor. The test ends when the target force is reached or the test anchor moves.

[0023] Step 6: Collect the test data monitored by the data acquisition component and convert it into: the gripping force of the test anchor, the displacement of the test anchor, and the cable retraction length of the test device;

[0024] The steps 2 and 3 are performed in no particular order.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, in step 6, the test data is collected in a dual acquisition mode:

[0026] The load recording member includes a pressure ring arranged between the reaction mechanism and the linear drive device, and a pressure sensor arranged in the linear drive device; the gripping force of the test anchor is dually collected by the pressure ring and the pressure sensor;

[0027] The displacement of the test anchor is doubly calculated by measuring the position change of the test anchor before and after the test, and measuring the relative position change of the test anchor and the displacement reference object before and after the test;

[0028] The stroke recording component includes a displacement sensor arranged in the linear drive device; the cable retraction length of the test device is double-measured by the displacement sensor and by marking on the slideway.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The test device provided by the present invention utilizes two sets of opposing pulling systems to simultaneously test two test anchors, offering dual advantages: Firstly, it allows for repeated testing of test anchors with the same specifications and pulling angles, and secondly, allows for comparative testing of test anchors using specifications or pulling angles as control variables, shortening the testing cycle and reducing testing costs; secondly, the test device achieves axial force balance, resulting in greater operational stability. Furthermore, each component of the test device, including the reaction mechanism, reversing mechanism, and adapter assembly, plays a crucial role. The device boasts a simple and rational structural design, reliable connections, clear force transmission, and easy installation, resulting in high operational performance and broad engineering applicability.

[0031] The test method provided by the present invention has the following advantages: the test method can flexibly adjust the force angle of the test anchor according to the actual situation of the project, ensuring that the test results can cover various possible construction scenarios. In this way, the test data has a broader and more practical reference significance for on-site construction, thereby helping the construction team to optimize the anchor selection and operation process, and improve the quality and safety of the project. Furthermore, the collection of the test data adopts a double verification method, that is, each test data is collected in two different ways, so as to review each other. This can avoid the accidental errors that may be caused by a single data collection method, so that the collected data has higher accuracy, and ensure that the test results are true and reliable. In addition, the test method only requires a small floating crane and an anchor boat for the entire process, without the use of a large tugboat, which reduces the difficulty of the operation and the cost of testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the testing device described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the reaction force mechanism described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the reversing mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adapter assembly described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the connection between the test device and the test anchor described in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the test anchor and the displacement reference object during deployment in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a connection diagram of the test device described in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention when performing unequal angle testing on the test anchor;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a connection diagram of the test device described in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention when performing an isometric test on a test anchor.

[0040] The following are marked in the figure: 1-self-balancing anchor performance test device, 11-base, 111-slide, 112-connecting truss, 12-reaction mechanism, 121-pressure plate, 1210-cable hole, 122-first ear plate, 123-first stiffening plate, 13-reversing mechanism, 131-pulley, 132-second pin shaft, 133-second ear plate, 134-second stiffening plate, 135-anti-collapse bolt, 1 4-Hydraulic jack, 15-Steel strand, 16-Transfer mechanism, 161-Main frame, 1610-Limiting part, 162-Anchor plate, 163-First pin, 164-Reverse groove, 17-Anti-collapse ring, 18-Pressure ring, 19-Displacement reference, 2-Floating crane, 3-Cable, 4-Test anchor, 5-Anchor chain, 61-First buoy, 62-Second buoy, 63-Third buoy, 7-Wire rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "set / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a wall-mounted connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-balancing anchor performance testing device, including a supporting frame, a linear drive device and a data acquisition component. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in general, the carrier body is fixed on the floating work platform, and the platform extends from both ends. At least two linear drive devices are installed in opposite directions on the carrier body, and respectively use a set of cables 3 to symmetrically pull the test anchor 4 along the extension direction of the carrier body. The data acquisition components are distributedly installed on the carrier body, the linear drive devices, and near the test anchor 4 to measure data such as the gripping force, displacement, and retracted length of the test anchor 4. In this embodiment, the floating work platform adopts a floating crane 2. The reason for selecting the floating crane 2 is that the floating crane 2 not only provides an operating platform for the test, but also has a lifting capacity to facilitate the lifting of the test device 1.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the support frame includes a base 11, a reaction mechanism 12, a reversing mechanism 13, and an anti-collapse ring 17. In this embodiment, due to the limited width of the deck of the floating crane 2, the base 11 utilizes a dual-track structure, comprising two slideways 111 and a set of connecting trusses 112. The two slideways 111 are welded parallel to the deck of the floating crane 2. The connecting trusses 112 are welded between the two slideways 111, forming an integral load-bearing frame that jointly bears the reaction force generated by the linear drive device. The slideways 111 extend beyond the deck of the floating crane 2 at least at one end near the test anchor 4 to prevent the cable 3 from scraping against the deck edge during testing, which could affect the transmission of tension from the linear drive device and the accuracy of the test results. In this embodiment, the slideways 111 are constructed of double-jointed HM588 steel, and the connecting trusses 112 are constructed of 140 I-beam steel. The material type and strength grade of these two can be adjusted based on the designed gripping force of the test anchor 4.

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, the reaction mechanism 12 is welded on the slide 111 and is located at the end of the linear drive device closer to the test anchor 4 to serve as a stable leveraging structure for the linear drive device. One end of the linear drive device directly or indirectly presses against the reaction mechanism 12, and the other end is stretched in a direction away from the reaction mechanism 12 to provide axial tension to the test anchor 4. The reaction mechanism 12 is provided with a rigid pressure plate 121 on the side facing away from the reversing mechanism 13. As the supporting surface of the linear drive device, the pressure plate 121 is vertically welded to the slide 111 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the slide 111. A cable hole 1210 is provided in the middle of the pressure plate 121 for the cable to pass through. As shown Figure 2 As shown, the reaction mechanism 12 also includes a first ear plate 122 and a first stiffening plate 123. The first ear plate 122 is welded vertically to the pressure plate 121 and the slide 111, providing constraints for the pressure plate 121 along the extension direction of the slide 111 (i.e., the direction of tension of the linear drive device). The first stiffening plate 123 is welded to the outside of the first ear plate 122 to increase the lateral stiffness of the first ear plate 122. The pressure plate 121, the first ear plate 122 and the first stiffening plate 123 together form a multi-directional constraint, so that the reaction mechanism 12 has a higher supporting strength. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned plates of the reaction mechanism 12 are all welded from 20 mm thick steel plates.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the reversing mechanism 13 is welded to the end of the slideway 111 closer to the test anchor 4, providing reversing and guiding functions for the cable 3 to enter the test device 1, and stably tensioning along the extension direction of the slideway 111. Figure 3 As shown, the reversing mechanism 13 includes a pulley 131, a second pin 132, a second ear plate 133, a second stiffening plate 134 and an anti-collapse bolt 135. The two second ear plates 133 are welded to the slide 111 opposite to each other along the extension direction of the slide 111. The pulley 131 is installed between the two second ear plates 133 through the second pin 132. Similar to the first stiffening plate 123, the second stiffening plate 134 is welded to the outside of the second ear plate 133 to improve the lateral stiffness of the second ear plate 133. The anti-collapse bolt 135 is arranged in parallel above the second pin to form a closed structure with the two second ear plates 133 to prevent the cable 3 from breaking and flying during the test and injuring the operator.

[0049] Based on the function of the reversing mechanism 13, in other embodiments, the reversing mechanism 13 is replaced by a trumpet-shaped rigid guide groove. The trumpet-shaped rigid guide groove is welded to the end of the slideway 111 and can also achieve reversal of the cable 3 with less friction.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, several anti-collapse rings 17 are welded to the slideway 111 at intervals along its extension. The anti-collapse rings 17 form a closed structure along the circumference of the slideway 111 to prevent the steel strands 15 from breaking and flying and injuring people. In this embodiment, the anti-collapse rings 17 are hoop-shaped structures welded together from square steel segments, large-diameter rebar, or steel bars.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the linear drive device adopts a hydraulic jack 14 (hereinafter referred to as the jack 14). The jack 14 is pressed against the pressure plate 121 of the reaction mechanism 12 and provides power along the extension direction of the slide 111. The jack 14 is provided with auxiliary fixation on the side to maintain a stable working posture. The jack 14 is equipped with a hydraulic pump station and a central console. The specific model of the jack 14 is selected according to the maximum design gripping force of the test anchor 4. As a linear drive device, the jack 14 is a mature existing technology and will not be elaborated in this article.

[0052] Since the jack 14 can only be connected to the steel strand 15, it cannot be directly connected to the cable 3. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the test device 1 is further provided with an adapter assembly to transmit the tension of the jack 14 to the cable 3. Specifically, the adapter assembly is arranged along the slide 111 and includes a section of steel strand 15 and an adapter mechanism 16. The steel strand 15 is the flexible traction member described in the claims, one end of which is connected to the output end of the jack 14, and the other end is connected to the cable 3 through the adapter mechanism 16. Figure 4As shown, the transfer mechanism 16 includes a main frame 161, an anchor plate 162 and a first pin 163. The main frame 161 is constructed with a transfer cavity, and a limiting portion 1610 is constructed on the side of the transfer cavity facing the reaction mechanism 12. After the steel strand 15 passes through the limiting portion 1610, it is fixed to the anchor plate 162 in the connection cavity. The anchor plate 162 and the limiting portion 1610 are limited in the direction close to the jack 14 to prevent the steel strand 15 from escaping from the transfer mechanism 16. The cable 3 is radially perforated at the end away from the test anchor 4, and the first pin 163 passes through the cable 3 and the main frame 161 at the same time to fix the cable 3 to the transfer mechanism 16. In this embodiment, the bottom of the main frame 161 is also constructed with a buckle groove 164. The buckle groove 164. The reverse buckle groove 164 matches the upper flange profile of the slide 111 to embrace the slide 111, thereby achieving a sliding connection with the slide 111 while limiting the slide 111 vertically and laterally. Based on the reverse buckle groove 164, the adapter mechanism 16 slides along the extension direction of the slide 111 under the traction of the jack 14, which not only makes the test system more stable, but also facilitates the subsequent measurement of the cable length. It should be explained that the setting of the adapter assembly is to adapt to the connection characteristics of the jack 14. In other embodiments, if the linear drive device can be directly connected to the cable 3, the adapter assembly can be regarded as a non-essential component.

[0053] The data acquisition component includes a load recording component, a stroke recording component and a displacement reference 19 (hereinafter referred to as the reference 19). Specifically, the load recording component includes a pressure ring 18 and a pressure sensor, and the stroke recording component uses a displacement sensor. Figure 1 As shown, the pressure ring 18 is set between the jack 14 and the reaction mechanism 12, and the gripping force of the test anchor 4 is calculated by measuring the reaction force generated by the jack 14 on the reaction mechanism 12. The pressure sensor and displacement sensor are set in the jack 14 to measure the tension generated by the jack 14 and the stroke of the steel strand 15. Figure 6 As shown, the reference object 19 is a heavy object made of concrete, which is thrown near the test anchor 4 and serves as a displacement reference object 19 of the test anchor 4. The reference object 19 is connected to a steel wire rope 7 and a buoy of the same model as the test anchor 4.

[0054] In summary, the test device 1 is sequentially installed with a jack 14, a reaction mechanism 12, a switching mechanism 16 and a reversing mechanism 13 on any one of the slideways 111 along the extension direction. The switching mechanism 16 is connected to the jack 14 through a section of steel strand 15. After the cable 3 is connected to the test anchor 4, it enters the test device 1 from the reversing mechanism 13 and docks with the steel strand 15 on the slideway 111 through the switching mechanism 16, thereby transmitting the tension of the jack 14 to the test anchor 4. The test device 1 provided in this embodiment adopts a double slideway 111 structure. The installation position relationship and connection relationship of the above-mentioned components are centrally symmetrical on the two slideways 111. By pulling the test anchor 4 in reverse, the balance of the test device 1 itself is achieved. The test device 1 is welded to the floating deck to eliminate the force couple generated during the test. It should be understood that the structural form of the slideway 111 is selected based on the specific engineering conditions. In other embodiments, if the deck of the floating crane 2 is wide enough to allow a single slideway 111 to be long enough, there is no need to provide two slideways 111. In this case, two sets of the jacks 14, reaction mechanisms 12, adapter assemblies, anti-collapse rings 17, and reversing mechanisms 13 can be arranged in mirror images on the same slideway 111. This allows for bidirectional traction of the test anchor 4, achieving self-balancing of the test apparatus 1. This transformation should be considered a homogeneous transformation of this embodiment.

[0055] The test device 1 employs two sets of opposing pulling systems to simultaneously test two test anchors 4, offering dual advantages: Firstly, it allows for repeated testing of the same specifications and pulling angles on the test anchors 4, and secondly, allows for comparative testing of the test anchors 4 using specifications or pulling angles as control variables, shortening the testing cycle and reducing testing costs. Secondly, the test device 1 achieves axial force balance, thereby providing greater operational stability. Furthermore, each component of the test device 1, including the reaction mechanism 12, the reversing mechanism 13, and the adapter assembly, plays its own important role. The structure is simple and rational, the connection is reliable, the force transmission is clear, and the installation is convenient, resulting in high operational performance and broad engineering applicability.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, based on the testing device provided in Example 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-balancing anchor performance testing method, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Test site selection

[0059] In-situ testing is preferred. After all, the results of in-situ testing are more valuable for practical engineering applications, and thus can more accurately verify the adaptability of the test anchor 4 in a specific project. If in-situ testing is not possible due to site or schedule constraints, testing should be conducted at a site with geological conditions (such as soil shear strength, bulk density, and particle size composition) that are similar to the intended location, using methods such as radar scanning.

[0060] Step 2: Test anchor and reference 19 placement

[0061] The test anchor 4 and the reference object 19 are deployed by a floating crane and an anchor boat. Specifically, after the test anchor 4 is connected to a section of anchor chain 5, a steel wire rope 7 is connected to the tail of the test anchor 4 and the free end of the anchor chain 5 for deployment. The reference object 19 is directly connected to a steel wire rope 7 for deployment. The deployment of the test anchor 4 and the reference object 19 is completed by the floating crane. Figure 6 As shown, after being lowered to the seabed, the anchor boat hangs the first buoy 61, the second buoy 62 and the third buoy 63 at the ends of the wire rope 7 connected to the anchor chain 5, the test anchor 4 and the reference object 19 respectively. This process is completed by the anchor boat.

[0062] Step 3: Test Device Installation

[0063] The test device 1 is installed by prefabrication in the workshop + assembly on site. The base 11, reaction mechanism 12, transfer mechanism 16, reversing mechanism 13, and anti-collapse ring 17 can be prefabricated in the workshop and then hoisted onto the deck of the floating crane 2. The base 11 is firmly welded to the deck of the floating crane 2 with clamping plates, and the uneven areas at the bottom are padded with steel plates. Then, the reaction mechanism 12, jack 14, steel strand 15, transfer mechanism 16, reversing mechanism 13, and anti-collapse ring 17 are respectively installed on the base 11 according to the above-mentioned positional relationship and connection relationship. During this process, the relatively straight end of the steel strand 15 is polished with a grinding wheel to facilitate threading. The hydraulic pump station and central console of the jack 14 are configured, and the jack 14 is debugged.

[0064] It should be understood that step 2 and step 3 are not performed in any particular order and can be performed simultaneously if there are sufficient equipment and personnel.

[0065] Step 4: Connect the test device to the test anchor

[0066] After the jack 14 is debugged correctly, the anchor boat carries the cable 3 to the first buoy 61. The anchor chain 5 is salvaged to the deck of the anchor boat, and then the anchor cable is connected to the cable 3 and lowered back into the sea. The other end of the cable 3 carried by the anchor boat goes to the floating crane 2, passes through the reversing mechanism 13, and is connected to the adapter mechanism 16 through the first latch. Figure 5Then, in the same manner, the opposite side of the test device 1 is connected to another test anchor 4 to form a reverse pulling system for the test anchor 4 .

[0067] As described in Example 1, the present invention can use cables 3 of different lengths at both ends of the test device 1 to connect the test anchor 4 to test the performance of the target anchor under different tension angles. Figure 7 ; You can also use the same length and angle of the cable 3 to connect the test anchor 4 to repeat the test to improve the accuracy of the test data, refer to Figure 8 .

[0068] Step 5: Conduct pull-out test

[0069] Jack 14 uses a step-by-step loading mechanism, loading to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of the target force. Each step is maintained for 30 minutes to observe the displacement of test anchor 4. This process is repeated until the target force is reached. If the force suddenly drops during the test, it is determined that test anchor 4 has dragged, and the test ends.

[0070] Step 6: Test Data Collection

[0071] The test data monitored by the data acquisition component is collected and converted into data including: the gripping force of the test anchor 4, the displacement of the test anchor 4 and the cable retracting length of the test device 1. Each set of test data is collected and reviewed in a double manner.

[0072] The gripping force provided by the test anchor 4 is automatically collected and recorded by the pressure ring 18 and the pressure sensors provided on the jack 14 .

[0073] The displacement of the test anchor 4 is measured in two ways. Method 1: After the test anchor 4 is deployed in step 2, the anchor boat salvages the second buoy 62, uses the winch on the anchor boat to pull the wire rope 7 under the second buoy 62 to a vertical state, and uses real-time dynamic measurement technology (RTK) to record the initial position of the test anchor 4. After the pulling test is completed, the same method is used to record the end position of the test anchor 4, and the displacement of the test anchor 4 can be obtained. Method 2: Because the wire rope 7 and buoy model connected to the test anchor 4 and the reference object 19 are the same, and the distance between the two is close, it is believed that the water flow is the same, so the relative position of the second buoy 62 and the third buoy 63 is the relative position of the test anchor 4 and the reference object 19. Use RTK to record the positions of the second buoy 62 and the third buoy 63 before and after the test, and the displacement of the test anchor 4 can be obtained by reference and comparison.

[0074] The purpose of collecting the cable collection length is: when a floating structure such as a caisson is positioned and sunk, a cable collection track must be installed on the structure, and the installation length of the cable collection track is determined according to the collection length. The collection length is also measured in two ways. Method 1: The cylinder stroke recorded by the displacement sensor of the jack 14 is the cable collection length. Method 2: By marking on the slide 111, the distance traveled by the adapter mechanism 16 during the test is recorded, which is the cable collection length. If the adapter mechanism 16 is not set, the collection length can also be measured by tying a marker on the cable 3.

[0075] Step 7: Uninstall and remove

[0076] After the test is completed, the jacks 14 are unloaded step by step. After the unloading is completed, the test device 1 is dismantled, and the test anchor 4 and the reference object 19 are lifted.

[0077] In summary, the testing method has the following advantages:

[0078] (1) The test method can flexibly adjust the force angle of the test anchor 4 according to the actual project conditions, ensuring that the test results can cover a variety of possible construction scenarios. In this way, the test data has a more extensive and practical reference value for on-site construction, thereby helping the construction team optimize the anchor selection and operation process, and improve the quality and safety of the project.

[0079] (2) The test data is collected using a double verification method, that is, each test data is collected through two different methods to verify each other. This can avoid the accidental errors that may be caused by a single data collection method, make the collected data more accurate, and ensure the authenticity and reliability of the test results.

[0080] (3) The test method only requires a small floating crane and an anchor boat for the entire process, without the need for a large tugboat, which reduces the difficulty of the operation and the test cost.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any technical equivalent transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-balancing anchor performance testing device, characterized in that: include: Carrying frame, linear drive device and data acquisition components; The carrier body is fixed to the floating work platform and includes a base, a reaction mechanism, and a reversing mechanism; the base is provided with a slideway, and the slideway extends out of the floating work platform at least at one end close to the test anchor; the reversing mechanism is provided at one end of the slideway close to the test anchor, providing a reversing function for the cable to enter the test device; the reaction mechanism is fixed to the slideway, and a rigid pressure plate is provided on the side facing away from the reversing mechanism; The linear drive device is pressed against the pressure plate to provide power along the extension direction of the slideway; the linear drive device is connected to the test anchor after being reversed by a reversing mechanism via a cable; The data acquisition assembly includes a load recording component, a stroke recording component, and a displacement reference, which are respectively used to measure the gripping force of the test anchor, the cable retraction length of the test device, and the displacement of the test anchor; When the slide is set to a single one, the two groups of the reaction mechanism, the reversing mechanism, the linear drive device and the data acquisition component are mirror-imaged with respect to the slide; when the slide is set to at least two, the two groups of the support frame, the linear drive device and the data acquisition component are centrally symmetrically arranged.

2. A self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a switching assembly; the switching assembly includes a flexible traction member and a switching mechanism; One end of the flexible traction member is connected to the output end of the linear drive device, and the other end is connected to the switching mechanism; the end of the cable entering the testing device is connected to the switching mechanism.

3. A self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the transfer mechanism is provided with an inverted groove; the inverted groove is slidably connected to the slide; the inverted groove matches the upper contour of the slide to cooperate with the slide along the vertical and lateral limiting directions.

4. A self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transfer mechanism includes a main frame, an anchor plate and a first pin shaft; the cable passes through the main frame and is fixedly connected to the anchor plate; the anchor plate and the main frame are limitedly matched in a direction close to the linear drive device; the cable is connected to the main frame through the first pin shaft.

5. The self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction mechanism further includes a first ear plate; the first ear plate is vertically fixed to the pressure-bearing plate and the slideway, and provides constraints for the pressure-bearing plate along the extension direction of the slideway.

6. The self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reversing mechanism adopts a pulley structure, including a pulley, a second pin shaft and a second ear plate; the two second ear plates are relatively fixed on the slide along the extension direction of the slide; the pulley is installed between the two second ear plates through the second pin shaft.

7. The self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load recording component is arranged between the linear drive device and the reaction force mechanism, or in the linear drive; the stroke recording component is arranged in the linear drive; and the displacement reference object is disposed at a position adjacent to the test anchor.

8. The self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame further comprises an anti-collapse ring; the anti-collapse ring and the slideway are configured to form a closed structure in the circumferential direction; a plurality of the anti-collapse rings are fixed on the slideway at intervals along the extension direction of the slideway.

9. A self-balancing anchor performance testing method, using the self-balancing anchor performance testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select the in-situ or a site with similar geological conditions to the specific project as the test site; Step 2: Connect the test anchor to a section of anchor chain; drop the test anchor and the displacement reference object to a preset position; and hang buoys on the test anchor, anchor chain, and displacement reference object respectively through steel wire ropes; Step 3: Installing the test device on the floating work platform and debugging the linear drive device; Step 4: Connect one end of the cable to the anchor chain, and connect the other end to the linear drive device indirectly or directly after passing through the reversing mechanism; in the same manner, connect the opposite side of the test device to another test anchor to form a reverse pulling system for the test anchor; Step 5: Start the linear drive device to apply tension to the test anchor step by step. Continue applying tension after each force level is increased to observe the displacement of the test anchor. The test ends when the target force is reached or the test anchor moves. Step 6: Collect the test data monitored by the data acquisition component and convert it into: the gripping force of the test anchor, the displacement of the test anchor, and the cable retraction length of the test device; The steps 2 and 3 are performed in no particular order.

10. A self-balancing anchor performance testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 6, the test data is collected in a dual acquisition mode: The load recording member includes a pressure ring arranged between the reaction mechanism and the linear drive device, and a pressure sensor arranged in the linear drive device; the gripping force of the test anchor is dually collected by the pressure ring and the pressure sensor; The displacement of the test anchor is doubly calculated by measuring the position change of the test anchor before and after the test, and measuring the relative position change of the test anchor and the displacement reference object before and after the test; The stroke recording component includes a displacement sensor arranged in the linear drive device; the cable retraction length of the test device is double-measured by the displacement sensor and by marking on the slideway.

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