Large bottom cabin door for deep sea manned submersible vehicle and operation method

Abstract

The large bottom cabin door comprises a cabin section structure, lifting oil cylinders are fixed to the two sides of the bottom of the cabin section structure respectively, a vertical T-shaped guide rail is fixed to the side face, beside the lifting oil cylinders, of the cabin section structure, and a sliding butt joint hook is arranged in the vertical T-shaped guide rail; the end part of the sliding butt-joint hook is connected with the output end of the lifting oil cylinder, and the sliding butt-joint hook slides up and down in the vertical T-shaped guide rail under the driving of the lifting oil cylinder; opening and closing connecting rod mechanisms are further fixed to the two sides of the bottom of the cabin section structure, pressure-resistant door plates are assembled below the opening and closing connecting rod mechanisms, opening and closing driving mechanisms are arranged on the upper portions of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanisms, and the opening and closing driving mechanisms drive the opening and closing connecting rod mechanisms to achieve opening and closing work of the pressure-resistant door plates, so that the pressure-resistant door plates can be retracted into the submersible vehicle. The device is not influenced by a seabed flow field and internal waves, can be in linear fit with an external light shell of a submersible vehicle when sailing on the seabed, is permeable in the whole course, and ensures the high-speed sailing capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea manned submersibles, and in particular to a large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Deep-sea manned submersibles can carry scientists or engineers into the deep sea to conduct deep-sea exploration, biological research, topographic surveys, and other operational tasks. Their cabins can be equipped with various types of cable-controlled submersible equipment, allowing scientists or engineers to operate the cable-controlled submersibles for multi-perspective observation and precise capture. After the submersible surfaces, personnel inside the submersible can enter the cabin to perform routine maintenance and repairs. Deep-sea manned submersibles have several capability requirements:

[0003] 1. Good maneuverability: After entering the water, deep-sea manned submersibles need to have the ability to navigate at high speed. To ensure that the hydrodynamic performance is not affected, the bottom hatch should be able to remain consistent with the submersible's line shape after closing, and the submersible surface cannot be grooved.

[0004] 2. High reliability: The flow field and internal waves on the seabed are relatively complex, and the size of the bottom door is relatively large. Therefore, the bottom door cannot protrude out of the line after it is fully opened to prevent the flow field or internal waves from acting on the door panel to generate disturbance loads and affect the overall safety of the submersible.

[0005] 3. Large opening size: Due to scientific research needs, deep-sea manned submersibles also need to carry various exploration equipment. Therefore, the bottom hatch is required to have an extra-large opening size (not less than 4m×3m) to meet various carrying needs.

[0006] 4. Compact structure: In order to ensure the hydrodynamic performance of deep-sea manned submersibles, the bottom streamline structure will lead to a compact layout space for the bottom hatch. Therefore, the drive form and transmission method of the bottom hatch should be simple and reliable.

[0007] The bottom doors of submersibles in the prior art are mostly of the outward sliding type. On the one hand, after the bottom door of this structure is fully opened, it is suspended on the bottom of the submersible. The flow field and internal waves in the deep sea will generate huge loads, affecting the stability of the submersible operation. On the other hand, this outward sliding structure will cause two large groove structures to appear on the bottom of the submersible, which will affect the hydrodynamic performance of the submersible during navigation. Finally, this bottom door structure generally uses an extra-long stroke oil cylinder. The longer the oil cylinder, the higher the maintenance requirements and the higher the possibility of instability, so the reliability is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In response to the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a large bottom hatch for deep-sea manned submersibles and an operating method, so that the hatch can be retracted into the interior of the submersible and is not affected by the seabed flow field and internal waves. When navigating on the seabed, it can fit the linear shape of the light outer shell of the submersible, is water-permeable throughout, and ensures high-speed navigation capability.

[0009] The technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0010] A large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible comprises a cabin structure, wherein lifting cylinders are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure, a vertical T-shaped guide rail is fixed to the side of the cabin structure next to the lifting cylinder, a sliding docking hook is provided inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail, the end of the sliding docking hook is connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder, and under the drive of the lifting cylinder, the sliding docking hook slides up and down inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail; the cabin structure, wherein an opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is also fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure, a pressure-resistant door panel is assembled below the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, an opening and closing drive mechanism is provided on the upper part of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, and the opening and closing drive mechanism drives the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism to realize the opening and closing of the pressure-resistant door panel.

[0011] Its further technical solution is:

[0012] A sealing ring is installed on the sealing surface at the bottom of the cabin structure through a pressure plate, and a locking mechanism is also fixed on the light shell structure.

[0013] The pressure-resistant door panel includes a sealing panel, both sides of which are welded with guide roller bases, a plurality of spaced bidirectional locking bases are distributed on one side of the guide roller base, and a hinged base is provided on one side of each bidirectional locking base.

[0014] The installation structure of the opening and closing linkage mechanism is as follows: it includes a guide roller installed on the guide roller base, and a transverse T-shaped guide rail fixed to the side of the cabin structure, the guide roller rolls back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail, a swing link is installed on the hinged base, the head of the swing link is connected to the door carrying frame, the door carrying frame is installed on the transverse T-shaped guide rail, the cable connecting bracket is welded to the side of the door carrying frame, the cable fixing base is welded to the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail, and the door carrying frame slides back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail.

[0015] The cable connection bracket is in a right-angle structure.

[0016] The cable fixing base is a block structure.

[0017] The installation structure of the locking mechanism includes a locking oil cylinder, an output end of the locking oil cylinder is installed with a locking connecting rod, and locking clips are distributed at intervals on the locking connecting rod.

[0018] The installation structure of the opening and closing drive mechanism is as follows: it includes an opening and closing oil cylinder, a head pulley guide rail is arranged above the opening and closing oil cylinder, and a cylinder tail pulley guide rail is arranged next to the head pulley guide rail; the piston rod of the opening and closing oil cylinder is connected to the cylinder mounting base at the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail, the head of the opening and closing oil cylinder barrel is installed with a cylinder head pulley, and the tail of the opening and closing oil cylinder barrel is installed with a cylinder tail pulley, one end of the opening and closing cable is fixed on the cable fixing base, and the other end is fixed on the base on the right side of the head pulley guide rail, and the opening and closing cable passes around the cylinder head pulley and the cylinder tail pulley in turn to form a movable pulley group structure.

[0019] Driven by the opening and closing oil cylinder, the head pulley of the oil cylinder and the tail pulley of the oil cylinder slide back and forth on the head pulley guide rail and the tail pulley guide rail of the oil cylinder respectively.

[0020] A method for operating a large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible includes the following operating procedures:

[0021] Step 1: When the bottom hatch is opened, driven by the opening and closing cylinder, the cylinder's head pulley and cylinder's tail pulley slide to the right on the head pulley guide rail and cylinder's tail pulley guide rail respectively, thereby driving the opening and closing cable to move; the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism fixed on the opening and closing cable also moves to the right, thereby driving the pressure-resistant door panel to move;

[0022] Step 2: After the bottom hatch is fully opened and located inside the light shell structure, the locking mechanism is in the unlocked state;

[0023] Step 3: When the bottom hatch is closed, driven by the opening and closing cylinder, the cylinder's head pulley and cylinder's tail pulley slide to the left on the head pulley guide rail and cylinder's tail pulley guide rail respectively, thereby driving the opening and closing cables to move; the pressure-resistant door panel fixed on the opening and closing cables also moves to the left. At this time, the sliding docking hook is aligned with the inner movement plane of the transverse T-shaped guide rail, and the door is now in the docking state;

[0024] Step 4: Driven by the opening and closing cylinder, the guide roller enters the circular groove inside the sliding docking hook from the horizontal T-shaped guide rail. The circular groove structure can limit the guide roller to the left and right. At the same time, the pressure inside the opening and closing cylinder is relieved and it can move freely. At this time, the docking is completed.

[0025] Step 5: Under the action of the lifting cylinder, the sliding docking hook slides downward, and the pressure-resistant door panel moves downward together under the action of gravity. At this time, the opening and closing cylinder is forced to continue to move slightly to the left until the lower surface of the pressure-resistant door panel is aligned with the outer line of the submersible;

[0026] Step 6: When the lower surface of the pressure-resistant door panel is aligned with the outer line of the submersible, the locking cylinder drives the locking connecting rod, causing the locking clip to rotate, and realizes downward compression by cooperating with the locking wedge surface on the upper part of the two-way locking base of the pressure-resistant door panel;

[0027] Step 7: When the manned submersible rises to the surface, the locking cylinder drives the locking link to unlock it. Under the action of the lifting cylinder, the sliding docking hook slides upward, and the pressure-resistant door panel moves upward together under the action of the cylinder. At this time, the opening and closing cylinder is forced to move slightly to the right until the sealing surface of the pressure-resistant door panel fits with the sealing ring on the sealing surface at the bottom of the cabin structure;

[0028] Step 8: The locking cylinder drives the locking link, causing the locking clip to rotate, and cooperates with the locking wedge surface at the bottom of the pressure-resistant door panel's two-way locking base to achieve upward compression, thereby forming a seal inside the cabin structure;

[0029] Step 9: The submersible maintenance personnel pump out water from the interior of the compartment structure, completing the transition from a wet environment to a dry environment. The maintenance personnel can then enter the compartment structure for maintenance and inspection.

[0030] Step 10: Done.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. Through the mutual cooperation between the horizontal guide rail, the opening and closing mechanism, the watertight door panel, the locking mechanism and other components, it can be retracted into the interior of the submersible after opening, and is not affected by the seabed flow field and internal waves. When sailing on the seabed, it can fit the line of the light outer shell of the submersible, is water-permeable throughout, and ensures high-speed navigation capability.

[0033] The overall structure of the present invention is simple and reliable. After opening, the door panel retracts into the interior of the submersible (between the light outer shell and the pressure-resistant structure) without flow resistance. When sailing on the seabed, it can fit the linear shape of the light outer shell of the submersible, and is water-permeable throughout, ensuring high-speed navigation capability. After floating to the surface, it can also achieve the cabin sealing function, meeting the need for personnel to enter the cabin for maintenance. The extra-long opening and closing stroke is solved by the cylinder + pulley mechanism, and the risk of low reliability of the extra-long cylinder is effectively solved. The submersible can be reliably locked in both directions by a single set of locking structures under both underwater navigation and surface sealing conditions, without the need for two sets of locking mechanisms. In addition, the locking mechanism is installed on the light outer shell frame structure outside the cabin, without occupying the cabin space, and the hatch opening space can be efficiently utilized.

[0034] The present invention provides an access passage for operating tools such as a cable-controlled submersible to enter and exit a cabin, is easy to use, and meets use requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bottom hatch of the present invention (excluding the light outer shell structure of the submersible).

[0036] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bottom hatch of the present invention (including the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the watertight door panel of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the opening and closing drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom hatch of the present invention in the underwater open state (excluding the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0042] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bottom hatch of the present invention in the underwater open state (including the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom hatch of the present invention in the underwater docking state (excluding the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the underwater docking completion status of the bottom hatch of the present invention (excluding the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom hatch of the present invention in the underwater closed state (excluding the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0046] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bottom hatch of the present invention in the underwater closed state (including the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom hatch of the present invention in the water surface sealed closed state (excluding the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0048] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bottom hatch of the present invention in the water surface sealing closed state (including the light shell structure of the submersible).

[0049] Among them: 1. Cabin structure; 2. Pressure-resistant door panel; 3. Lifting cylinder; 4. Vertical T-shaped guide rail; 5. Sliding docking hook; 6. Opening and closing linkage mechanism; 7. Locking mechanism; 8. Opening and closing drive mechanism; 9. Sealing ring; 10. Light shell structure;

[0050] 201, sealing panel; 202, guide roller base; 203, two-way locking base; 204, hinged base;

[0051] 601, guide roller; 602, swing link; 603, cable connection bracket; 604, door carrier; 605, cable fixing base; 606, transverse T-shaped guide rail;

[0052] 701, locking cylinder; 702, locking connecting rod; 703, locking clip;

[0053] 801. Head pulley of oil cylinder; 802. Opening and closing oil cylinder; 803. Opening and closing cable; 804. Head pulley guide rail; 805. Tail pulley of oil cylinder; 806. Tail pulley guide rail of oil cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] like Figures 1-14 As shown, the large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible in this embodiment includes a cabin structure 1, lifting cylinders 3 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure 1, a vertical T-shaped guide rail 4 is fixed to the side of the cabin structure 1 next to the lifting cylinder 3, and a sliding docking hook 5 is provided inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail 4. The end of the sliding docking hook 5 is connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder 3. Under the drive of the lifting cylinder 3, the sliding docking hook 5 slides up and down inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail 4; the cabin structure 1, an opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6 is also fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure 1, a pressure-resistant door panel 2 is assembled below the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6, and an opening and closing drive mechanism 8 is provided on the upper part of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6. The opening and closing drive mechanism 8 drives the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6 to realize the opening and closing of the pressure-resistant door panel 2.

[0056] A sealing ring 9 is installed on the sealing surface at the bottom of the cabin structure 1 through a pressure plate, and a locking mechanism 7 is also fixed on the light shell structure 10.

[0057] The pressure-resistant door panel 2 includes a sealing panel 201 , with guide roller bases 202 welded on both sides of the sealing panel 201 . A plurality of spaced bidirectional locking bases 203 are distributed on one side of the guide roller base 202 , and a hinged base 204 is provided on one side of each bidirectional locking base 203 .

[0058] The installation structure of the opening and closing linkage mechanism 6 is as follows: it includes a guide roller 601 installed on the guide roller base 202, and a transverse T-shaped guide rail 606 fixed to the side of the cabin structure 1, the guide roller 601 rolls back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606, the swing link 602 is installed on the hinged base 204, the head of the swing link 602 is connected to the door carrying frame 604, the door carrying frame 604 is installed on the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606, the cable connecting bracket 603 is welded to the side of the door carrying frame 604, the cable fixing base 605 is welded to the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606, and the door carrying frame 604 slides back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606.

[0059] The cable connection bracket 603 is a right-angled structure.

[0060] The cable fixing base 605 is a block-shaped structure.

[0061] The installation structure of the locking mechanism 7 is as follows: it includes a locking cylinder 701 , a locking connecting rod 702 is installed at the output end of the locking cylinder 701 , and locking clips 703 are distributed at intervals on the locking connecting rod 702 .

[0062] The installation structure of the opening and closing drive mechanism 8 is as follows: it includes an opening and closing cylinder 802, a head pulley guide rail 804 is arranged above the opening and closing cylinder 802, and a cylinder tail pulley guide rail 806 is arranged next to the head pulley guide rail 804; the piston rod of the opening and closing cylinder 802 is connected to the cylinder mounting base at the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606, the head of the cylinder barrel of the opening and closing cylinder 802 is installed with a cylinder head pulley 801, and the tail of the cylinder barrel of the opening and closing cylinder 802 is installed with a cylinder tail pulley 805, one end of the opening and closing cable 803 is fixed on the cable fixing base 605, and the other end is fixed on the base on the right side of the head pulley guide rail 804, and the opening and closing cable 803 passes around the cylinder head pulley 801 and the cylinder tail pulley 805 in turn to form a movable pulley group structure.

[0063] Driven by the opening and closing cylinder 802, the cylinder head pulley 801 and the cylinder tail pulley 805 slide forward and backward on the cylinder head pulley guide rail 804 and the cylinder tail pulley guide rail 806 respectively.

[0064] The specific structure and function of the large bottom hatch for deep-sea manned submersibles described in the present invention are as follows:

[0065] It mainly includes cabin structure 1, pressure-resistant door panel 2, lifting cylinder 3, vertical T-shaped guide rail 4, sliding docking hook 5, opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6, locking mechanism 7, opening and closing drive mechanism 8, sealing ring 9, and light shell structure 10.

[0066] The pressure-resistant door panel 2 mainly includes a sealing panel 201 , a guide roller base 202 , a two-way locking base 203 , and a hinge base 204 .

[0067] Among them, the opening and closing linkage mechanism 6 mainly includes a guide roller 601, a swing link 602, a cable connecting bracket 603, a door carrying frame 604, a cable fixing base 605, and a transverse T-shaped guide rail 606.

[0068] The locking mechanism 7 mainly includes a locking cylinder 701 , a locking connecting rod 702 , and a locking clip 703 .

[0069] Among them, the opening and closing drive mechanism 8 mainly includes the cylinder head pulley 801, the opening and closing cylinder 802, the opening and closing cable 803, the head pulley guide rail 804, the cylinder tail pulley 805, and the cylinder tail pulley guide rail 806.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the lifting cylinder 3 is fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure 1 of the deep-sea manned submersible, and the vertical T-shaped guide rails 4 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure 1 by bolts, adjacent to the lifting cylinder 3, and the sliding docking hook 5 is arranged inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail 4. Under the drive of the lifting cylinder 3, it can slide up and down inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail 4, and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6 is installed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure 1 by bolts. The opening and closing drive mechanism 8 is fixed to the top of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6 by bolts, and the pressure-resistant door panel 2 is assembled at the bottom of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6. The opening and closing drive mechanism 8 can drive the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism 6 to realize the opening and closing of the pressure-resistant door panel 2.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the sealing ring 9 is fixedly mounted on the sealing surface at the bottom of the cabin structure 1 through a pressure plate, and the locking mechanism 7 is fixedly mounted on the light shell structure 10 .

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the guide roller base 202 , the two-way locking base 203 , and the hinged base 204 are all welded to the sealing panel 201 .

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, the guide roller 601 is installed on the guide roller base 202 and can roll back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606. One end of the swing link 602 is connected to the hinged base 204, and the other end is connected to the door carrying frame 604. The cable connecting bracket 603 is welded to the side of the door carrying frame 604, and the cable fixing base 605 is welded to the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606. The door carrying frame 604 can slide back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, the locking clips 703 on the locking mechanism 7 are connected by a locking link 702 , and the locking cylinder 701 drives the locking link 702 , and locking and unlocking can be achieved by rotating the locking clips 703 .

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, the piston rod of the opening and closing cylinder 802 is connected to the cylinder mounting base at the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606, the cylinder head pulley 801 is welded and fixed to the head of the cylinder barrel of the opening and closing cylinder 802, and the cylinder tail pulley 805 is welded and fixed to the tail of the cylinder barrel of the opening and closing cylinder 802. One end of the opening and closing cable 803 is fixed on the cable fixing base 605, and the other end is fixed on the right side base of the head pulley guide rail 804. The opening and closing cable 803 passes around the cylinder head pulley 801 and the cylinder tail pulley 805 in turn to form a movable pulley group structure. Under the drive of the opening and closing cylinder 802, the cylinder head pulley 801 and the cylinder tail pulley 805 slide back and forth on the head pulley guide rail 804 and the cylinder tail pulley guide rail 806 respectively.

[0076] In actual work process:

[0077] like Figure 7 As shown, when the bottom hatch is opened, driven by the opening and closing cylinder 802, the cylinder's head pulley 801 and tail pulley 805 slide rightward on the head pulley guide rail 804 and tail pulley guide rail 806, respectively, thereby driving the opening and closing cable 803. The opening and closing linkage 6 fixed to the opening and closing cable 803 also moves rightward, driving the pressure-resistant door panel 2. Due to the stroke amplification principle of the opening and closing drive mechanism 8, the displacement and speed of the pressure-resistant door panel 2 are both twice that of the opening and closing cylinder 802, that is, a long stroke is achieved with a short-stroke cylinder.

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, the bottom hatch, when fully opened, is located within the lightweight shell structure 10. This opening configuration does not affect the submersible's external profile. Therefore, when the internal modules are unloaded for operation, the effects of complex seabed flow fields and internal waves on the submersible's loads can be eliminated, significantly improving the reliability of underwater operations. At this point, the locking mechanism 7 is unlocked.

[0079] like Figure 9 As shown, when the bottom hatch is closed, driven by the opening and closing cylinder 802, the cylinder's head pulley 801 and tail pulley 805 slide leftward on the head pulley guide rail 804 and tail pulley guide rail 806, respectively, thereby driving the opening and closing cable 803. The pressure-resistant door panel 2, fixed to the opening and closing cable 803, also moves leftward. At this point, the sliding docking hook 5 is aligned with the inner movement plane of the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606, indicating a ready-to-dock state.

[0080] like Figure 10 As shown, driven by the opening and closing cylinder 802, the guide roller 601 moves from the transverse T-shaped guide rail 606 into the circular groove inside the sliding docking hook 5. The circular groove structure can limit the left and right position of the guide roller 601. At the same time, the pressure inside the opening and closing cylinder 802 is relieved, allowing free movement. At this point, the docking is complete.

[0081] like Figure 11 As shown, under the action of the lifting cylinder 3, the sliding docking hook 5 slides downward, and the pressure-resistant door panel 2 moves downward together under the action of gravity. At this time, the opening and closing cylinder 802 is forced to continue to move slightly to the left until the lower surface of the pressure-resistant door panel 2 is aligned with the outer line of the submersible.

[0082] like Figure 12As shown, when the lower surface of the pressure-resistant door panel 2 is aligned with the outer linear profile of the submersible, the locking cylinder 701 drives the locking link 702, causing the locking clip 703 to rotate. This engages with the locking wedge surface on the upper portion of the bidirectional locking base 203 of the pressure-resistant door panel 2 to achieve downward compression. This locking force acts directly on the pressure-resistant door panel 2, preventing flow field loads from being transmitted to the opening and closing linkage 6. This locking method is safe and reliable.

[0083] like Figure 13 As shown, when the manned submersible floats to the surface, the locking cylinder 701 drives the locking link 702 to complete the unlocking. Under the action of the lifting cylinder 3, the sliding docking hook 5 slides upward, and the pressure-resistant door panel 2 moves upward together under the action of the cylinder. At this time, the opening and closing cylinder 802 is forced to move slightly to the right until the sealing surface of the pressure-resistant door panel 2 fits with the sealing ring 9 on the sealing surface at the bottom of the cabin structure 1.

[0084] like Figure 14 As shown, the locking cylinder 701 drives the locking link 702, driving the locking clip 703 to rotate, and realizes upward compression by cooperating with the locking wedge surface at the bottom of the two-way locking base 203 of the pressure-resistant door panel 2, thereby forming a seal inside the cabin structure 1.

[0085] Finally, the submersible maintenance personnel pump out the water from the interior of the compartment structure 1, completing the transition from a wet environment to a dry environment. The maintenance personnel can then enter the compartment structure 1 for maintenance and inspection.

[0086] To address the capacity requirements of deep-sea manned submersibles and the problems of existing submersible bottom hatches, such as excessively long cylinder strokes, low reliability, significant underwater load impact, and compact internal space, the present invention designs a large bottom hatch for deep-sea manned submersibles and an operating method. This bottom hatch features a simple and reliable structure. Once opened, it retracts into the submersible, unaffected by seabed currents and internal waves. During submarine navigation, it conforms to the submersible's outer lightweight hull, remains watertight throughout, and ensures high-speed navigation. Upon surfacing, it seals the compartment, meeting the need for personnel access for maintenance. The excessively long opening and closing strokes are addressed through a cylinder + pulley mechanism, effectively mitigating the risk of excessive cylinder reliability. A single locking mechanism provides bidirectional, reliable locking for both underwater navigation and surface sealing, eliminating the need for two locking mechanisms (7). This simple and reliable locking mechanism is also employed. Furthermore, the locking mechanism (7) is mounted on the outer lightweight hull frame structure, eliminating the need for internal space and effectively utilizing the hatch opening.

[0087] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any modifications may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible, characterized by: The invention comprises a cabin structure (1), wherein lifting cylinders (3) are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure (1), a vertical T-shaped guide rail (4) is fixed on the side of the cabin structure (1) next to the lifting cylinder (3), a sliding docking hook (5) is arranged inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail (4), the end of the sliding docking hook (5) is connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder (3), and under the drive of the lifting cylinder (3), the sliding docking hook (5) slides up and down inside the vertical T-shaped guide rail (4); the cabin structure (1), an opening and closing connecting rod mechanism (6) is also fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cabin structure (1), a pressure-resistant door panel (2) is assembled below the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism (6), an opening and closing driving mechanism (8) is arranged on the upper part of the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism (6), and the opening and closing driving mechanism (8) drives the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism (6) to realize the opening and closing of the pressure-resistant door panel (2).

2. A large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (9) is installed on the sealing surface at the bottom of the compartment structure (1) via a pressure plate, and a locking mechanism (7) is also fixed on the light shell structure (10).

3. A large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure-resistant door panel (2) comprises a sealing panel (201), guide roller bases (202) are welded on both sides of the sealing panel (201), a plurality of spaced bidirectional locking bases (203) are distributed on one side of the guide roller base (202), and a hinged base (204) is provided on one side of each bidirectional locking base (203).

4. A large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation structure of the opening and closing link mechanism (6) is as follows: it includes a guide roller (601) installed on a guide roller base (202) and a transverse T-shaped guide rail (606) fixed on the side of the cabin structure (1); the guide roller (601) rolls back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail (606); a swing link (602) is installed on the hinged base (204); the head of the swing link (602) is connected to the door carrying frame (604); the door carrying frame (604) is mounted on the transverse T-shaped guide rail (606); a cable connecting bracket (603) is welded to the side of the door carrying frame (604); a cable fixing base (605) is welded to the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail (606); and the door carrying frame (604) slides back and forth in the transverse T-shaped guide rail (606).

5. The large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cable connection bracket (603) is in a right-angled structure.

6. A large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cable fixing base (605) is a block-shaped structure.

7. A large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting structure of the locking mechanism (7) comprises a locking oil cylinder (701), a locking connecting rod (702) is mounted on the output end of the locking oil cylinder (701), and locking clips (703) are distributed at intervals on the locking connecting rod (702).

8. The large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 7, characterized in that: The installation structure of the opening and closing drive mechanism (8) is as follows: it includes an opening and closing oil cylinder (802), a head pulley guide rail (804) is provided above the opening and closing oil cylinder (802), and a cylinder tail pulley guide rail (806) is provided on the side of the head pulley guide rail (804); the piston rod of the opening and closing oil cylinder (802) is connected to the oil cylinder installation base at the top of the transverse T-shaped guide rail (606), and the head of the cylinder barrel of the opening and closing oil cylinder (802) is connected to the cylinder barrel of the opening and closing oil cylinder (802). The head of the oil cylinder (801) is installed, the tail of the cylinder of the opening and closing oil cylinder (802) is installed with a tail pulley of the oil cylinder (805), one end of the opening and closing cable (803) is fixed on the cable fixing base (605), and the other end is fixed on the right side base of the head pulley guide rail (804), and the opening and closing cable (803) is passed around the head pulley of the oil cylinder (801) and the tail pulley of the oil cylinder (805) in sequence to form a movable pulley group structure.

9. The large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 8, characterized in that: Driven by the opening and closing oil cylinder (802), the cylinder head pulley (801) and the cylinder tail pulley (805) slide forward and backward on the cylinder head pulley guide rail (804) and the cylinder tail pulley guide rail (806) respectively.

10. A method for operating a large bottom hatch for a deep-sea manned submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following operating procedures are included: Step 1: When the bottom hatch is opened, driven by the opening and closing oil cylinder (802), the cylinder head pulley (801) and the cylinder tail pulley (805) slide to the right on the cylinder head pulley guide rail (804) and the cylinder tail pulley guide rail (806), respectively, thereby driving the opening and closing cable (803) to move; the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism (6) fixed on the opening and closing cable (803) also moves to the right, thereby driving the pressure-resistant door panel (2) to move; Step 2: After the bottom hatch is fully opened and located inside the light shell structure (10), the locking mechanism (7) is in an unlocked state; Step 3: When the bottom hatch is closed, driven by the opening and closing oil cylinder (802), the cylinder head pulley (801) and the cylinder tail pulley (805) slide to the left on the cylinder head pulley guide rail (804) and the cylinder tail pulley guide rail (806), respectively, thereby driving the opening and closing cable (803) to move; the pressure-resistant door panel (2) fixed on the opening and closing cable (803) also moves to the left, at this time, the sliding docking hook (5) is aligned with the internal movement plane of the transverse T-shaped guide rail (606), and it is now in a docking state; Step 4: Under the drive of the opening and closing oil cylinder (802), the guide roller (601) enters the internal circular groove of the sliding docking hook (5) from the transverse T-shaped guide rail (606). The circular groove structure can limit the left and right positions of the guide roller (601). At the same time, the internal pressure of the opening and closing oil cylinder (802) is relieved and can move freely. At this time, the docking is completed; Step 5: Under the action of the lifting cylinder (3), the sliding docking hook (5) slides downward, and the pressure-resistant door panel (2) moves downward together under the action of gravity. At this time, the opening and closing cylinder (802) is forced to continue to move slightly to the left until the lower surface of the pressure-resistant door panel (2) is aligned with the outer line of the submersible; Step 6: When the lower surface of the pressure-resistant door panel (2) is aligned with the outer linear shape of the submersible, the locking oil cylinder (701) drives the locking connecting rod (702), driving the locking clip (703) to rotate, and realizes downward compression by cooperating with the locking wedge surface on the upper part of the two-way locking base (203) of the pressure-resistant door panel (2); Step 7: When the manned submersible floats to the surface, the locking cylinder (701) drives the locking connecting rod (702) to complete the unlocking. Under the action of the lifting cylinder (3), the sliding docking hook (5) slides upward, and the pressure-resistant door panel (2) moves upward together under the action of the cylinder. At this time, the opening and closing cylinder (802) is forced to move slightly to the right until the sealing surface of the pressure-resistant door panel (2) fits the sealing ring (9) on the sealing surface of the bottom of the cabin structure (1); Step 8: The locking oil cylinder (701) drives the locking connecting rod (702), which drives the locking clip (703) to rotate, and realizes upward compression by cooperating with the locking wedge surface at the bottom of the two-way locking base (203) of the pressure-resistant door panel (2), thereby forming a seal inside the cabin structure (1); Step 9: The submersible maintenance personnel pump out water from the compartment structure (1), thus completing the transition from a wet environment to a dry environment. The maintenance personnel can then enter the compartment structure (1) for maintenance and inspection. Step 10: Done.

Images