Non-circulation coring drilling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration equipment, and discloses a circulation-free coring drilling machine which comprises a main body unit, a propelling unit and a drilling unit, the main body unit can be connected with external equipment so that the external equipment can drive the circulation-free coring drilling machine to ascend and descend, and a supporting assembly makes contact with a drill hole wall so as to support the coring drilling machine. And the drilling and coring work can be smoothly carried out. A propelling driver of the propelling unit can drive a movable inner sleeve to move in the axial direction of a drill hole, so that a coring drill bit is driven to conduct drilling propelling motion, and a drilling driver is combined to drive the coring drill bit to rotate to conduct drilling work. The device is simple in structure and reliable in transmission, the working reliability of equipment is effectively improved, and the fault rate of the coring drilling machine is reduced; and a damping element is arranged, when the coring drilling machine drills into a complex stratum, the damping element can absorb vibration of the coring drill bit, upward conduction of the vibration is avoided, and the operation reliability of the coring drilling machine is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration equipment and peripheral supporting facilities thereof, in particular to a non-circulating coring drill. Background Art

[0002] my country is rich in underground mineral resources, and the exploration of these resources is of great significance. However, in some areas, average winter temperatures hover around -30°C, hindering the use of medium- and large-scale deep-well drilling rigs. Exploring cryogenic permafrost places high demands on equipment, materials, and personnel, limiting the implementation of large-scale drilling projects. Therefore, developing a compact, simple, and economical small-scale coring drill rig is crucial for coring exploration in cryogenic permafrost.

[0003] Research has been conducted on the current status of developed countries establishing stations and successfully drilling into polar ice in Antarctica. The United States and Denmark have successfully drilled to depths of 2,000 meters, while Russia has successfully drilled to depths exceeding 3,000 meters, currently leading the world. Drilling experts from the St. Petersburg Mining Academy in Russia analyzed and studied the structural characteristics and operational effectiveness of drilling tools from other countries, and developed a more comprehensive cable-type mechanical rotary coring drill tool, the K3MC-112. This tool features the ability to drill into ice, rock interlayers within ice, and subglacial rock formations; it also effectively matches slag removal speed with rotational speed.

[0004] The structure of the Russian Antarctic ice coring drill K3MC-112 Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the drilling tool operates as follows: the motor drives the reduction gear train via a hollow shaft, causing the core barrel and drill bit to rotate. Ice chips generated during drilling enter the core barrel through the local reverse circulation fluid flow in the drill tool and the outer annular space within the hole. They then enter the short pipe, where they fall through the peripheral holes in the short pipe and are stored in the filter screen. The filtered circulating fluid passes through the filter screen along the central channel, through the hollow shaft of the gear and the motor shaft, and is returned to the outer annular space under the action of a pump. The "ice blade" of the anti-torque support device contacts the hole wall, absorbing the torque transmitted from the lower part of the drill tool. The impact device is designed to facilitate core breaking and eliminate drill sticking caused by excessive ice chips at the bottom of the hole.

[0005] Each power system in the drill string is independent of each other, preventing accidents from affecting other components. The independent circulation system allows drilling to continue even during the core-breaking process and when the drill string is not rotating. It also remains operational even if the drill bit or core barrel is jammed by ice chips. Furthermore, the circulation system operates while the drill string is lowering, preventing excessive ice chips in the circulating fluid in individual sections of the hole and eliminating the need for dedicated circulating fluid purification, saving drilling time.

[0006] A particularly notable feature of this drill string is the numerous small holes evenly distributed along the entire length of the short tube. When individual holes become clogged with ice chips, the pressure drop within the short tube and the filter increases. This, on the one hand, allows for "unblocking" the holes, and on the other hand, accelerates the flow rate in the unblocked holes. This improves the even distribution of ice chips in the collection bucket, increasing their storage density. In short, this increases the length of each round trip.

[0007] Existing core drilling rigs use asynchronous motors as their primary power source. The inherent characteristics of asynchronous motors cannot guarantee output torque that meets requirements at low speeds (especially under load conditions with starting torque requirements, which can cause the motor to stall and burn out). Normal torque output is only guaranteed when operating near the rated speed. Therefore, a reduction mechanism is necessary to both meet the required torque during drilling and enable the drill tool to be adjustable within the permitted speed range (generally between 30-250 rpm). This presents two problems: first, the reduction mechanism increases the complexity of the equipment, occupies limited installation space, and also places greater demands on equipment repair and maintenance (especially the reliability of the reduction gearbox lubrication system at low temperatures); second, the speed range is limited, preventing stepless speed regulation.

[0008] Existing permafrost coring drills generally use an eccentric vibrator mounted on top to deliver the drill bit. This presents the following issues and drawbacks: First, the drill itself generates vibration noise, which pollutes the environment; the vibration itself also damages the equipment to a certain extent, necessitating a comprehensive inspection after a period of use, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Second, the minimum footage cannot be controlled; the footage is determined solely by the intensity of each vibration cycle, which can easily damage the equipment if it encounters hard rock interlayers.

[0009] The existing permafrost coring drilling rig structure is not designed with a shock-absorbing device. During the actual drilling process, the bottomhole drill bit will jump and vibrate when encountering a hard rock interlayer, which will cause the entire drilling rig to jump, undoubtedly increasing the risk of equipment damage.

[0010] The existing anti-torque mechanism of drilling rigs relies on an eccentric vibration mechanism on top to expand the wellbore support blades during upward movement and retract them during downward movement (i.e., during drilling). This presents the following problems: First, the wellbore support mechanism (vertical blades hinged by three sets of connecting rods) vibrates at high frequencies, causing loud noise and easy damage. Second, this structure can damage the wellbore wall when encountering hard interlayers and no drilling footage, resulting in unstable support and low reliability.

[0011] Therefore, any solution to the current situation of complex structure, high failure rate and poor stability of core drilling rigs in the existing technology has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-circulation coring drill rig to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, simplify the structure of the coring drill rig, reduce the failure rate of the coring drill rig, improve the maintenance convenience of the coring drill rig, and at the same time improve the stability of the coring drill rig during the drilling process and improve the operational reliability of the coring drill rig.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0014] The present invention provides a non-circulating coring drill, comprising:

[0015] A main unit, comprising a main pipe and a support assembly, wherein the main pipe can be connected to external equipment to achieve the lifting and lowering of the non-circulating coring drill rig, and the support assembly is connected to the main pipe; after the non-circulating coring drill rig is lowered into the borehole, the support assembly can contact the borehole wall to support the main unit;

[0016] A propulsion unit, comprising a movable inner sleeve, a propulsion driver, and a propulsion transmission mechanism, wherein one end of the movable inner sleeve is slidably connected to the main body tube; the propulsion driver is connected to the movable inner sleeve by the propulsion transmission mechanism to drive the movable inner sleeve to reciprocate in the axial direction, and the propulsion transmission mechanism is a screw slider mechanism;

[0017] The drilling unit includes a coring drill bit and a drilling driver. The coring drill bit is rotatably connected to the end of the movable inner casing away from the main unit, and a shock-absorbing element is provided between the coring drill bit and the movable inner casing; the drilling driver is transmission-connected to the coring drill bit and can drive the coring drill bit to rotate to achieve drilling and coring.

[0018] Preferably, the main body tube includes an upper sleeve, a support tube and a lower sleeve connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the upper sleeve can be connected to an external device;

[0019] The support assembly includes a thrust clamp, a vertical knife element and a driving hydraulic cylinder. The thrust clamp is slidably mounted on the outside of the support tube. The vertical knife element is connected to the thrust clamp and the support tube by a connecting rod mechanism. The driving hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the lower casing. The thrust clamp is located on the side of the vertical knife element close to the lower casing. The movable end of the driving hydraulic cylinder is connected to the thrust clamp. The thrust clamp slides back and forth along the axis of the support tube to drive the vertical knife element to move radially along the support tube, so that the vertical knife element contacts the borehole wall.

[0020] Preferably, the connecting rod mechanism includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the support tube, the other end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the vertical knife element, the hinge axes of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to the support tube and the vertical knife element are perpendicular to the axis of the support tube, and the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the support tube and the vertical knife element form a parallelogram mechanism;

[0021] The second connecting rod is arranged close to the thrust clamp, one end of the third connecting rod is hinged to the middle part of the second connecting rod, and the other end of the third connecting rod is hinged to the axial end face of the thrust clamp, and the hinge axis of the third connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the thrust clamp is perpendicular to the axis of the support tube.

[0022] Preferably, the number of the vertical knife elements is three groups, the vertical knife elements are uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the thrust clamp, and the connecting rod mechanism and the driving hydraulic cylinder are in one-to-one correspondence with the vertical knife elements;

[0023] An oil tank, an oil pump motor combination and a hydraulic valve seat are provided in the upper casing. The oil tank is connected to the driving hydraulic cylinder via the oil pump motor combination. The hydraulic valve seat can control the oil circuit and adjust the hydraulic oil pressure.

[0024] Preferably, the propulsion driver is a servo motor, and the propulsion driver is connected to the propulsion transmission mechanism by means of a first coupling and a first gear sleeve mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the propulsion unit further comprises a propulsion casing, the propulsion casing is connected to the movable inner casing, and the drilling drive is arranged in the propulsion casing;

[0026] The drilling driver is a servo motor, and the drilling driver is connected to the coring drill bit by using a second coupling and a second gear sleeve mechanism.

[0027] Preferably, a retractable wire roller and a wire roller bracket are further provided in the main body tube, the retractable wire roller is rotatably provided on the wire roller bracket, a connecting cable is wound around the retractable wire roller, and the drilling drive can be electrically connected to an external power supply using the connecting cable.

[0028] Preferably, the second gear sleeve mechanism is connected to a flange cover, and the shock absorbing element is located in a cavity enclosed by the second gear sleeve mechanism and the flange cover; the coring drill bit is connected to a transition joint, and the flange cover is threadedly connected to the transition joint.

[0029] Preferably, a hanging joint is connected to the top of the main pipe, and the main pipe can be connected to an external device using the hanging joint;

[0030] An inclination sensor is also provided in the main body tube.

[0031] Preferably, the non-circulation coring drill further includes a control unit, and the main unit, the propulsion unit and the drilling unit are all communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0032] Compared with the related art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: the non-circulation coring drill rig of the present invention includes a main unit, a propulsion unit and a drilling unit, wherein the main unit includes a main tube and a support assembly, the main tube can be connected to external equipment to realize the lifting and lowering of the non-circulation coring drill rig, and the support assembly is connected to the main tube; after the non-circulation coring drill rig is lowered into the borehole, the support assembly can contact the borehole wall to support the main unit; the propulsion unit includes a movable inner casing, a propulsion drive and a propulsion transmission mechanism, one end of the movable inner casing is slidably connected to the main tube; the propulsion drive is connected to the movable inner casing by the propulsion transmission mechanism to drive the movable inner casing to reciprocate axially, and the propulsion transmission mechanism is a screw slider mechanism; the drilling unit includes a coring drill bit and a drilling drive, the coring drill bit is rotatably connected to the end of the movable inner casing away from the main unit, and a shock-absorbing element is arranged between the coring drill bit and the movable inner casing; the drilling drive is connected to the coring drill bit and can drive the coring drill bit to rotate to achieve drilling and coring.

[0033] The non-circulating coring drill of the present invention has a main unit that can be connected to an external device to enable the external device to drive the non-circulating coring drill to be raised and lowered. After the non-circulating coring drill is lowered into the borehole, the support assembly contacts the borehole wall to support the coring drill, ensuring smooth drilling and coring operations. The propulsion drive of the propulsion unit can drive the movable inner casing to move axially along the borehole, thereby driving the coring drill bit to advance the drilling propulsion movement. In combination with the drilling drive, the coring drill bit is driven to rotate to perform the drilling operation. The non-circulation coring drill rig of the present invention utilizes a support assembly to contact the borehole wall to support the overall structure of the coring drill rig, which plays the role of drilling counter-torque and ensures the working stability of the coring drill rig; the propulsion drive utilizes a propulsion transmission mechanism to drive the movement of the movable inner casing, and the propulsion transmission mechanism adopts a screw slider mechanism with a simple structure and reliable transmission, which effectively improves the working reliability of the propulsion unit and reduces the failure rate of the coring drill rig; and the present invention provides a shock-absorbing element between the movable inner casing and the coring drill bit. When the coring drill rig drills into a complex formation, the shock-absorbing element can absorb the vibration of the coring drill bit to avoid the vibration from being transmitted upward, thereby reducing the equipment failure rate of the coring drill rig and further improving the operating reliability of the coring drill rig. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a non-circulating coring drill disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the projection along the AA direction;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The projection diagram of the section along BB direction;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of projection along CC section;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the projection along the DD direction;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a support assembly of a non-circulating coring drill rig disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a propulsion slider of a non-circulating coring drill disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at E in the middle;

[0043] Figure 9 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at F in the middle;

[0044] Figure 10 A control principle diagram of a propulsion servo motor of a non-circulating coring drill disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a control principle diagram of the drilling servo motor of the non-circulation coring drill disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Main unit; 2. Propulsion unit; 3. Drilling unit; 4. Support assembly; 5. Movable inner casing; 6. Propulsion drive; 7. Coring drill bit; 8. Drilling drive; 9. Shock absorber; 10. Upper casing; 11. Support tube; 12. Lower casing; 13. Thrust clamp; 14. Vertical cutter element; 15. Driving hydraulic cylinder; 16. First connecting rod; 17. Second connecting rod; 18. Third connecting rod; 19. Oil tank; 20. Oil pump motor assembly; 21. Hydraulic valve seat; 22. First coupling; 23. First gear sleeve mechanism; 24. Propulsion screw; 25. Propulsion slider; 26. Guide rod; 27. Propulsion casing; 28. Second coupling; 29. ​​Second gear sleeve mechanism; 30. Retraction line roller; 31. Flange cover; 32. Transition joint; 33. Lifting joint; 34. Inclination sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-circulation coring drill rig to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, simplify the structure of the coring drill rig, reduce the failure rate of the coring drill rig, improve the maintenance convenience of the coring drill rig, and at the same time improve the stability of the coring drill rig during the drilling process and improve the operational reliability of the coring drill rig.

[0049] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] This embodiment provides a non-circulating coring drill, please refer to Figures 1-9, including a main unit 1, a propulsion unit 2 and a drilling unit 3, wherein the main unit 1 includes a main pipe and a support assembly 4, the main pipe can be connected to an external device to realize the lifting and lowering of the non-circulation coring drill rig, and the support assembly 4 is connected to the main pipe; after the non-circulation coring drill rig is lowered into the borehole, the support assembly 4 can contact the borehole wall to support the main unit 1; the propulsion unit 2 includes a movable inner casing 5, a propulsion drive 6 and a propulsion transmission mechanism, one end of the movable inner casing 5 is slidably connected to the main pipe; the propulsion drive 6 is connected to the movable inner casing 5 by the propulsion transmission mechanism to drive the movable inner casing 5 to reciprocate axially, and the propulsion transmission mechanism is a screw slider mechanism; the drilling unit 3 includes a coring drill bit 7 and a drilling drive 8, the coring drill bit 7 is rotatably connected to the end of the movable inner casing 5 away from the main unit 1, and a shock absorbing element 9 is provided between the coring drill bit 7 and the movable inner casing 5; the drilling drive 8 is connected to the coring drill bit 7 and can drive the coring drill bit 7 to rotate to achieve drilling and coring.

[0052] The main unit 1 of the non-circulating coring drill of the present invention can be connected to external equipment to enable the external equipment to drive the non-circulating coring drill to be raised and lowered. After the non-circulating coring drill is lowered into the borehole, the support assembly 4 contacts the borehole wall to support the coring drill, ensuring smooth drilling and coring operations. The propulsion driver 6 of the propulsion unit 2 can drive the movable inner casing 5 to move axially along the borehole, thereby driving the coring drill bit 7 to advance and perform drilling propulsion movement. In combination with the drilling driver 8, the coring drill bit 7 is driven to rotate and perform drilling operations. In the non-circulation coring drill rig of the present invention, the main unit 1 utilizes the support assembly 4 to contact the borehole wall to support the overall structure of the coring drill rig, which plays the role of drilling counter-torque and ensures the working stability of the coring drill rig; the propulsion drive 6 utilizes the propulsion transmission mechanism to drive the movable inner casing 5 to move, and the propulsion transmission mechanism adopts a screw slider mechanism with a simple structure and reliable transmission, which effectively improves the working reliability of the propulsion unit 2 and reduces the failure rate of the coring drill rig; and the present invention provides a shock absorbing element 9 between the movable inner casing 5 and the coring drill bit 7. When the coring drill rig drills into a complex formation, the shock absorbing element 9 can absorb the vibration of the coring drill bit 7 to avoid the vibration from being transmitted upward, thereby reducing the equipment failure rate of the coring drill rig and further improving the operating reliability of the coring drill rig.

[0053] The main body includes an upper casing 10, a support tube 11, and a lower casing 12, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The upper casing 10 can be connected to external equipment to enable the core drilling rig to be raised and lowered. It should be noted that the external equipment can be a ground cable winch or other equipment. The appropriate selection of external equipment is a common practice among those skilled in the art and will not be further described here.

[0054] Specifically, the support assembly 4 includes a thrust clamp 13, a vertical blade element 14, and a driving hydraulic cylinder 15. The thrust clamp 13 is slidably mounted on the outside of the support tube 11. The vertical blade element 14 is connected to the thrust clamp 13 and the support tube 11 via a connecting rod mechanism. The driving hydraulic cylinder 15 is disposed within the lower casing 12. The thrust clamp 13 is located on the side of the vertical blade element 14 close to the lower casing 12. The movable end of the driving hydraulic cylinder 15 is connected to the thrust clamp 13. The thrust clamp 13 slides back and forth along the axis of the support tube 11, thereby driving the vertical blade element 14 to move radially along the support tube 11, so that the vertical blade element 14 contacts the borehole wall. The driving hydraulic cylinder 15 extends and retracts, and its movable end drives the thrust clamp 13 to slide along the axis of the support tube 11. The thrust clamp 13 drives the vertical blade element 14 to move via the connecting rod mechanism, thereby achieving the "opening" and "closing" of the support assembly 4. When the thrust clamp 13 utilizes the connecting rod mechanism to drive the vertical blade element 14 to move radially along the support tube 11 in a direction away from the axis of the support tube 11, the support assembly 4 "opens" until the vertical blade element 14 contacts the borehole wall to support the core drilling rig; when the thrust clamp 13 utilizes the connecting rod mechanism to drive the vertical blade element 14 to move radially along the support tube 11 in a direction close to the axis of the support tube 11, the support assembly 4 "closes", and the vertical blade element 14 is separated from the borehole wall to avoid affecting the lifting and lowering of the core drilling rig. It should be explained here that when the thrust clamp 13 utilizes the connecting rod mechanism to drive the vertical blade element 14 to move, the force acting on the vertical blade element 14 may be a force acting radially along the support tube 11; the force acting on the vertical blade element 14 may also be an oblique force. In this case, the radial movement of the vertical blade element 14 along the support tube 11 is determined by the component of the force acting on it in the radial direction of the support tube 11. The force analysis of the vertical blade element 14 is a common method used by those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0055] In this specific embodiment, the connecting rod mechanism includes a first connecting rod 16, a second connecting rod 17 and a third connecting rod 18. One end of the first connecting rod 16 and the second connecting rod 17 are hinged to the support tube 11, and the other ends of the first connecting rod 16 and the second connecting rod 17 are hinged to the vertical knife element 14. The hinge axes of the first connecting rod 16 and the second connecting rod 17 and the support tube 11 and the vertical knife element 14 are perpendicular to the axis of the support tube 11. The first connecting rod 16, the second connecting rod 17, the support tube 11 and the vertical knife element 14 form a parallelogram mechanism; the parallelogram mechanism is simple in structure and reliable in transmission, and the connecting rod mechanism adopts a parallelogram mechanism to ensure that the vertical knife element 14 is parallel to the borehole wall, so that the vertical knife element 14 can be in stable contact with the borehole wall, avoiding the vertical knife element 14 from tilting, further ensuring the movement stability of the vertical knife element 14, and improving the working reliability of the support assembly 4.

[0056] The second connecting rod 17 is positioned near the thrust clamp 13. One end of the third connecting rod 18 is hinged to the middle of the second connecting rod 17, and the other end of the third connecting rod 18 is hinged to the axial end surface of the thrust clamp 13. The hinge axis of the third connecting rod 18, the second connecting rod 17, and the thrust clamp 13 is perpendicular to the axis of the support tube 11. The thrust clamp 13 uses the third connecting rod 18 to push the second connecting rod 17, thereby driving the vertical blade element 14 to move.

[0057] In this specific embodiment, the number of vertical knife elements 14 is three groups, and the vertical knife elements 14 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the thrust clamp 13. The connecting rod mechanism and the driving hydraulic cylinder 15 correspond one-to-one to the vertical knife elements 14; the support assembly 4 adopts a three-"claw" structure to fix the coring drill rig in the working position in the borehole, thereby improving the force uniformity of the coring drill rig, ensuring the structural stability of the coring drill rig, and providing strong protection for subsequent drilling and coring work.

[0058] At the same time, an oil tank 19, an oil pump motor combination 20 and a hydraulic valve seat 21 are provided in the upper casing 10. The oil tank 19 is connected to the driving hydraulic cylinder 15 via the oil pump motor combination 20. The hydraulic valve seat 21 can control the on-off of the oil circuit and adjust the hydraulic oil pressure to control the movement state of the driving hydraulic cylinder 15 and the oil pressure of the oil circuit, thereby improving the controllable degree of the movement of the vertical knife element 14, so that the support assembly 4 can meet different support working conditions, and ensure the anti-torque function of the main unit 1 while providing stable support.

[0059] In practical applications, the driving hydraulic cylinder 15 can use a rod to push the thrust clamp 13, and the rod can slidably extend from the lower casing 12. Multiple sealing rings are provided between the rod and the lower casing 12. The multiple sealing rings are spaced apart along the axial direction of the core drill to ensure the sealing performance of the core drill. Lip-shaped sealing rings can be used to enhance the sealing effect of the sealing ring.

[0060] More specifically, the propulsion driver 6 is a servo motor connected to the propulsion transmission mechanism via a first coupling 22 and a first gear and sleeve mechanism 23. The propulsion driver 6 of the present invention utilizes a servo motor, which directly drives the movable inner casing 5 via the propulsion transmission mechanism. This eliminates the need for a secondary speed reducer, which is required with asynchronous motors in the prior art. This simplifies the core drilling rig structure, reduces equipment failure rates, and improves the maintenance convenience of the core drilling rig.

[0061] In this specific embodiment, the output end of the propulsion driver 6 is connected to the propulsion screw 24 of the propulsion transmission mechanism, which is threadedly connected to the propulsion slider 25. The propulsion slider 25 is connected to the movable inner sleeve 5. The propulsion screw 24 rotates to drive the propulsion slider 25 to reciprocate, thereby driving the axial movement of the movable inner sleeve 5. To further improve the movement reliability of the propulsion unit 2, the propulsion unit 2 also includes a guide rod 26. The guide rod 26 is connected to the main body tube, and the propulsion slider 25 is slidably mounted on the outside of the guide rod 26. The guide rod 26 can provide guidance for the reciprocating movement of the propulsion slider 25, ensure the movement accuracy of the propulsion slider 25 and the movable inner sleeve 5, and improve the movement stability of the propulsion unit 2.

[0062] The propulsion unit 2 also includes a propulsion sleeve 27 connected to the movable inner sleeve 5. A drilling driver 8 is disposed within the propulsion sleeve 27, providing mounting space for the drilling driver 8. In this embodiment, the drilling driver 8 also utilizes a servo motor. The drilling driver 8 is connected to the coring drill bit 7 via a second coupling 28 and a second gear and sleeve mechanism 29, ensuring smooth power transmission and reducing equipment failure rates.

[0063] It should be noted that a retractable wire roller 30 and a wire roller bracket are also provided in the main tube. The retractable wire roller 30 is rotatably provided on the wire roller bracket. A connecting cable is wound around the retractable wire roller 30, and the drilling driver 8 can be electrically connected to an external power source using the connecting cable. When the propulsion unit 2 drives the movable inner casing 5 to move axially, the propulsion casing 27 and the drilling driver 8 move axially with the movable inner casing 5. In order to ensure smooth transmission of electricity, the present invention provides a retractable wire roller 30 in the lower casing 12. The retractable wire roller 30 rotates relative to the wire roller bracket, so that the connecting cable wound around the retractable wire roller 30 is loosened and tightened to adapt to the axial movement of the drilling driver 8, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the drilling driver 8 and the drilling unit 3. It should be explained that the specific connection method between the motor in the core drilling rig and the external power source is a common method used by those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0064] In other embodiments of the present invention, the second gear sleeve mechanism 29 is connected to a flange cover 31, and the shock-absorbing element 9 is located in the cavity enclosed by the second gear sleeve mechanism 29 and the flange cover 31. The shock-absorbing element 9 can be a spring. Springs are inexpensive, readily available, and easily replaceable. Springs with specific elastic coefficients can be selected based on different operating conditions to meet drilling conditions in varying geological conditions and improve the flexibility and adaptability of the shock-absorbing element 9. The core drill bit 7 is connected to a transition joint 32, and the flange cover 31 is threadedly connected to the transition joint 32, providing a secure connection and convenient assembly and disassembly.

[0065] It should also be noted that a lifting joint 33 is connected to the top of the main pipe, and the main pipe can be connected to external equipment using the lifting joint 33; the lifting joint 33 includes a cable structure to ensure smooth transmission of electricity.

[0066] In order to monitor the status of the core drilling rig, an inclination sensor 34 is also provided in the main body tube. The inclination sensor 34 can detect the inclination angle of the core drilling rig in the vertical and horizontal directions, so as to adjust the position and verticality of the core drilling rig and ensure the working reliability of the core drilling rig.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a non-circulating coring drill, including a control unit, to which a main unit 1, a propulsion unit 2, and a drilling unit 3 are all communicatively connected. The control unit controls the operating states of the main unit 1, the propulsion unit 2, and the drilling unit 3, thereby improving the operational convenience of the coring drill.

[0069] It should be explained here that the specific structure and working principle of the control unit are common knowledge to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] The other structures of the non-circulating coring drill in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment and will not be described again here.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] This embodiment provides a non-circulating coring drill. To achieve high-precision control of the propulsion drive 6 and the drilling drive 8, the propulsion servo motor (i.e., propulsion drive 6) employs three closed-loop control systems: position closed-loop, speed closed-loop, and current closed-loop. The drilling servo motor (i.e., drilling drive 8) employs only speed closed-loop and current closed-loop.

[0073] Position closed-loop control uses feedback control of the motor's position error to ensure the motor reaches a preset position. The principle behind position closed-loop control is to detect the motor's position using a position sensor such as an encoder, compare the detected position signal with the preset position, and generate a position error signal. This position error is then controlled using a PID controller to ensure the motor reaches the preset position.

[0074] Speed ​​closed-loop control uses feedback control of the motor's speed error to keep the motor at the preset speed. The principle of speed closed-loop control is to detect the motor speed using a position sensor such as an encoder, compare the detected speed signal with the preset speed, and generate a speed error signal. The speed error is then controlled using a PID controller to keep the motor at the preset speed.

[0075] Current closed-loop control uses feedback control of the motor current error to ensure that the motor output current reaches the preset current. The principle of current closed-loop control is: a current sensor detects the motor output current, compares the detected current signal with the preset current, and generates a current error signal. The current error is then controlled by a PID controller to ensure that the motor output current reaches the preset current.

[0076] The control principle diagram of propulsion servo motor and drilling servo motor is shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 .

[0077] The other structures of the non-circulating coring drill in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment and will not be described again here.

[0078] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-circulating coring drill, characterized in that: include: A main unit, comprising a main pipe and a support assembly, wherein the main pipe can be connected to external equipment to achieve the lifting and lowering of the non-circulating coring drill rig, and the support assembly is connected to the main pipe; after the non-circulating coring drill rig is lowered into the borehole, the support assembly can contact the borehole wall to support the main unit; A propulsion unit, comprising a movable inner sleeve, a propulsion driver, and a propulsion transmission mechanism, wherein one end of the movable inner sleeve is slidably connected to the main body tube; the propulsion driver is connected to the movable inner sleeve by the propulsion transmission mechanism to drive the movable inner sleeve to reciprocate in the axial direction, and the propulsion transmission mechanism is a screw slider mechanism; The drilling unit includes a coring drill bit and a drilling driver. The coring drill bit is rotatably connected to the end of the movable inner casing away from the main unit, and a shock-absorbing element is provided between the coring drill bit and the movable inner casing; the drilling driver is transmission-connected to the coring drill bit and can drive the coring drill bit to rotate to achieve drilling and coring.

2. The non-circulating coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main pipe includes an upper sleeve, a support pipe and a lower sleeve connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the upper sleeve can be connected to external equipment; The support assembly includes a thrust clamp, a vertical knife element and a driving hydraulic cylinder. The thrust clamp is slidably mounted on the outside of the support tube. The vertical knife element is connected to the thrust clamp and the support tube by a connecting rod mechanism. The driving hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the lower casing. The thrust clamp is located on the side of the vertical knife element close to the lower casing. The movable end of the driving hydraulic cylinder is connected to the thrust clamp. The thrust clamp slides back and forth along the axis of the support tube to drive the vertical knife element to move radially along the support tube, so that the vertical knife element contacts the borehole wall.

3. The non-circulating coring drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the support tube, the other end of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the vertical knife element, the hinge axes of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, the support tube and the vertical knife element are perpendicular to the axis of the support tube, and the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the support tube and the vertical knife element form a parallelogram mechanism; The second connecting rod is arranged close to the thrust clamp, one end of the third connecting rod is hinged to the middle part of the second connecting rod, and the other end of the third connecting rod is hinged to the axial end face of the thrust clamp, and the hinge axis of the third connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the thrust clamp is perpendicular to the axis of the support tube.

4. The non-circulating coring drill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the vertical knife elements is three, and the vertical knife elements are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the thrust clamp, and the connecting rod mechanism and the driving hydraulic cylinder are in one-to-one correspondence with the vertical knife elements; An oil tank, an oil pump motor combination and a hydraulic valve seat are provided in the upper casing. The oil tank is connected to the driving hydraulic cylinder via the oil pump motor combination. The hydraulic valve seat can control the oil circuit and adjust the hydraulic oil pressure.

5. The non-circulation coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propulsion driver is a servo motor, and the propulsion driver is connected to the propulsion transmission mechanism by using a first coupling and a first gear sleeve mechanism.

6. The non-circulation coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propulsion unit further includes a propulsion casing, the propulsion casing is connected to the movable inner casing, and the drilling driver is arranged in the propulsion casing; The drilling driver is a servo motor, and the drilling driver is connected to the coring drill bit by using a second coupling and a second gear sleeve mechanism.

7. The non-circulation coring drill according to claim 6, characterized in that: A retractable wire roller and a wire roller bracket are also provided in the main body tube. The retractable wire roller is rotatably provided on the wire roller bracket. A connecting cable is wound around the retractable wire roller. The drilling drive can be electrically connected to an external power supply using the connecting cable.

8. The non-circulating coring drill according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second gear sleeve mechanism is connected to a flange cover, and the shock-absorbing element is located in a cavity surrounded by the second gear sleeve mechanism and the flange cover; the coring drill bit is connected to a transition joint, and the flange cover is threadedly connected to the transition joint.

9. The non-circulating coring drill according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The top of the main pipe is connected to a hanging joint, and the main pipe can be connected to external equipment using the hanging joint; An inclination sensor is also provided in the main body tube.

10. The non-circulating coring drill according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a control unit, and the main unit, the propulsion unit and the drilling unit are all communicatively connected to the control unit.

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