Zero-friction telescopic ball valve

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to a zero-friction telescopic ball valve which comprises a valve body, a valve element ball body is arranged in the valve body, a notch is formed in the upper portion of the valve element ball body, an extrusion block is arranged in the notch, the extrusion block is hinged to the notch of the valve element ball body through a hinge shaft, and the valve element ball body is arranged in the valve element ball body. A first valve rod and a second valve rod are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the extrusion block; in a high-temperature environment, the anti-expansion assembly can drive the extrusion block to move upwards, the thermal expansion amount of the valve element ball body is offset, and sealing face damage or valve body deformation caused by excessive extrusion is prevented; in the low-temperature environment, the reverse expansion assembly pushes the extrusion block to move downwards, close fit between the valve element ball and the valve seat is ensured, the pressure of the sealing face is maintained, medium leakage is avoided, high-temperature and low-temperature extreme environments can be automatically adapted by means of the reverse expansion assembly, and the influence of thermal expansion and cold contraction of the valve element on the sealing performance and structural safety is effectively eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to a zero-friction telescopic ball valve. Background Art

[0002] In the field of industrial fluid control, zero-friction ball valves are widely used in various fluid delivery systems due to their low flow resistance, labor-saving operation, and excellent sealing performance. However, under extreme temperature conditions, the structural defects of existing zero-friction ball valves gradually become apparent. In high-temperature environments, when the valve is in the closed state, the high-temperature fluid flowing through the valve, such as high-temperature crude oil and cracked gas in the petrochemical industry, can reach temperatures of 300-800°C, and the superheated steam temperature in the power industry is usually 350-560°C. This will cause the valve core ball to increase in volume due to thermal expansion. Since the thermal expansion coefficients of the valve body and valve core materials are different, and the valve body is usually rigidly connected to the pipeline, the expansion of the valve core will cause the fitting clearance between it and the valve seat to shrink sharply or even disappear, thereby causing severe extrusion. This extrusion will not only destroy the zero-friction characteristics and cause forced friction between the valve core and the valve seat, but may also cause deformation of the valve seat and sticking of the valve core. In severe cases, it may even cause cracks in the internal structure of the valve body, causing leakage of high-temperature fluid, posing a huge safety hazard. Similarly, in low-temperature environments, cryogenic fluids, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) at -162°C and liquid nitrogen at -196°C, cause the valve core ball to reduce in volume due to the shrinkage effect, increasing the fit clearance between the valve core and the valve seat, destroying the sealing of the valve and causing the cryogenic fluid to leak through the gap, making it difficult to meet the long-term stable operation requirements under extreme working conditions. Therefore, a zero-friction telescopic ball valve is proposed, which can adapt to extreme high and low temperature environments and effectively eliminate the impact of thermal expansion and contraction of the valve core on sealing performance and structural safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a zero-friction telescopic ball valve that can adapt to extreme high and low temperature environments and effectively eliminate the impact of thermal expansion and contraction of the valve core on sealing performance and structural safety.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is a zero-friction telescopic ball valve, including a valve body, a valve core ball is provided in the valve body, a notch is provided on the upper part of the valve core ball, an extrusion block is provided in the notch, and the extrusion block is hinged to the notch position of the valve core ball through a hinge shaft, and a first valve stem and a second valve stem are sequentially provided on the upper end of the extrusion block, the second valve stem is axially slidably connected to the first valve stem, the upper end of the second valve stem is connected to a turbine box fixedly connected to the valve body, the side of the second valve stem is connected to a gear rod, and an L-shaped positioning groove corresponding to the gear rod is provided on the valve body, and an anti-expansion component is connected between the lower end of the first valve stem and the extrusion block.

[0005] Specifically, the anti-expansion assembly includes a groove arranged at the lower end of the first valve stem, a sealing plate is sealingly and slidingly connected in the groove, a spline shaft is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate, the lower end of the spline shaft is fixedly connected to the upper part of the extrusion block, and an anti-expansion fluid is filled between the side of the sealing plate away from the spline shaft and the inner wall of the groove.

[0006] Specifically, a heat-conducting chamber is provided inside the extrusion block, a through hole connected to the heat-conducting chamber is provided in the middle of the spline shaft, and several groups of circumferentially distributed L-shaped heat-conducting rods are provided in the through hole, one end of the heat-conducting rod is located in the heat-conducting chamber, and the upper end of the heat-conducting rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate; the heat-conducting chamber is filled with heat-conducting liquid.

[0007] Specifically, a spline sleeve slidably connected to the spline shaft is installed on the inner wall of the slot, an elastic sealing tube is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the first valve stem, and the lower end of the elastic sealing tube is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the extrusion block.

[0008] Specifically, a fixed cylinder is installed on the upper end surface of the first valve stem, a movable plate is sealingly and slidably connected to the fixed cylinder, a movable rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable plate, the upper end of the movable rod passes through the fixed cylinder and is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the second valve stem, and hydraulic oil is filled between the side of the movable plate away from the movable rod and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder; The upper end surface of the first valve stem is provided with a first sliding hole connected to the inside of the slot, and the second valve stem is provided with a vertically arranged second sliding hole. The second sliding hole passes through the movable rod and corresponds to the first sliding hole. An adjusting rod is sealed and slidably connected in the first sliding hole and the second sliding hole. The lower end of the adjusting rod passes through the first sliding hole and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing plate. A liquid outlet channel is provided in the adjusting rod, and a liquid outlet hole connected to the liquid outlet channel is provided on one side of the adjusting rod. The liquid outlet hole is initially located in the first sliding hole.

[0009] Specifically, a one-way liquid outlet valve connected to the liquid outlet channel is provided on the side of the regulating rod. The one-way liquid outlet valve is initially located in the fixed cylinder, and the upper end of the regulating rod is fixedly connected to a one-way liquid inlet joint.

[0010] Specifically, the upper end of the first valve stem is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially distributed first clamping blocks, and the lower end of the second valve stem is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially distributed second clamping blocks, and the second clamping blocks are staggered with the first clamping blocks.

[0011] Specifically, a pressure relief valve is provided at the upper end of the regulating rod, and the pressure relief valve is connected to the liquid leakage alarm through a pipeline.

[0012] Specifically, a worm gear is rotatably connected in the turbine box, the upper end of the second valve stem passes through the worm gear and the turbine box and is threadedly connected to the worm gear, one side of the worm gear engages with a transmission worm, one end of the worm gear passes through the turbine box and is rotatably connected to the turbine box, and one end of the worm gear is connected to a handwheel.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The zero-friction telescopic ball valve described in the present invention has an anti-expansion component that can drive the extrusion block to move upward in a high-temperature environment, offsetting the thermal expansion of the valve core ball and preventing damage to the sealing surface or deformation of the valve body caused by excessive extrusion. In a low-temperature environment, the anti-expansion component pushes the extrusion block downward to ensure a tight fit between the valve core ball and the valve seat, maintain the pressure on the sealing surface, and avoid medium leakage. The anti-expansion component can automatically adapt to extreme high and low temperature environments, effectively eliminating the impact of thermal expansion and contraction of the valve core on the sealing performance and structural safety. The present invention describes a zero-friction telescopic ball valve. When the temperature changes normally, the anti-expansion component realizes regulation through the volume change of the anti-expansion fluid. When the temperature abnormally rises to the limit of the anti-expansion component, the regulating rod moves upward to discharge the hydraulic oil through the liquid outlet hole. The first valve stem can be further moved upward to continue to offset the expansion of the valve core through hydraulic unloading, which solves the problem of failure of the traditional single adjustment method at ultra-limit temperature and improves the reliability of the valve under extreme working conditions.

[0014] The zero-friction telescopic ball valve described in the present invention will automatically open the pressure relief valve when the valve experiences abnormally high temperature, causing hydraulic oil leakage, triggering the leakage alarm to alarm, providing timely safety warnings to operators, preventing accidents from escalating, ensuring the safe operation of the valve and the entire fluid control system, and realizing real-time monitoring of the valve working status. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0016] Figure 1 is an axonometric drawing of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of area A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the extrusion block and the valve core ball of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an axonometric view of the valve core sphere of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first valve stem and the second valve stem of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first valve stem, the second valve stem and the extrusion block of the present invention; Figure 8for Figure 7 A magnified view of area B; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Magnified view of area C; In the figure: 1. valve body; 2. valve core ball; 3. turbine box; 4. notch; 5. extrusion block; 6. hinge shaft; 7. first valve stem; 8. second valve stem; 9. pressure relief valve; 10. gear lever; 11. slot; 12. sealing plate; 13. spline shaft; 14. heat conduction chamber; 15. through hole; 16. heat conduction rod; 17. spline sleeve; 18. elastic sealing tube; 19. fixed cylinder; 20. movable plate; 21. movable rod; 22. first sliding hole; 23. second sliding hole; 24. adjusting rod; 25. liquid outlet channel; 26. liquid outlet hole; 27. one-way liquid outlet valve; 28. one-way liquid inlet joint; 29. ​​first clamping block; 30. second clamping block; 31. L-shaped positioning groove; 32. worm gear; 33. worm; 34. handwheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0018] In order to adapt to high and low temperature extreme environments and effectively eliminate the influence of thermal expansion and contraction of the valve core on the sealing performance and structural safety of the ball valve, as an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, a zero-friction telescopic ball valve described in the present invention includes a valve body 1, a valve core ball 2 is provided in the valve body 1, a notch 4 is provided on the upper part of the valve core ball 2, an extrusion block 5 is provided in the notch 4, and the extrusion block 5 is hinged to the notch 4 of the valve core ball 2 through a hinge shaft 6. The upper end of the extrusion block 5 is sequentially provided with a first valve stem 7 and a second valve stem 8, the second valve stem 8 is axially slidably connected to the first valve stem 7, the upper end of the second valve stem 8 is connected to a turbine box 3 fixedly connected to the valve body 1, and a gear rod 10 is connected to the side of the second valve stem 8. An L-shaped positioning groove 31 corresponding to the gear rod 10 is provided on the valve body 1, and an anti-expansion component is connected between the lower end of the first valve stem 7 and the extrusion block 5.

[0019] When in use, the turbine box 3 rotates the first valve stem 7 and the gear rod 10, driving the second valve stem 8 to rotate synchronously, and the gear rod 10 rotates horizontally in the L-shaped positioning groove 31. The extrusion block 5 at the lower end of the first valve stem 7 forms a rotating pair with the notch 4 of the valve core ball 2 through the hinge shaft 6, transmitting the torque to the valve core ball 2, so that the valve core ball 2 rotates around the axis of the first valve stem 7 to the closed position. At this time, the spherical part of the valve core ball 2 completely blocks the liquid inlet channel of the valve body 1; then the turbine box 3 is continued to be driven to work, and the second valve stem 8 can be driven by the turbine box 3 to move axially downward, and the axial load is transmitted to the extrusion block 5 through the first valve stem 7. The wedge-shaped working surface of the extrusion block 5 causes the valve core ball 2 to produce elastic deformation, thereby realizing the initial pre-tightening of the spherical sealing pair and ensuring the sealing of the valve core ball 2; When the medium temperature rises, the valve core ball 2 produces radial thermal expansion. The heat is transferred to the anti-expansion component through contact. The anti-expansion component drives the extrusion block 5 to move upward, offsetting the thermal expansion of the valve core ball 2, avoiding excessive extrusion caused by thermal expansion, resulting in cracking and deformation of the internal structure of the valve body 1, and causing leakage of high-temperature fluid; Similarly, when the medium temperature drops, the valve core ball 2 produces radial cold contraction, and the anti-expansion component drives the extrusion block 5 downward. The downward movement of the extrusion block 5 causes the valve core ball 2 to produce additional elastic deformation, ensuring the sealing reliability in low temperature environment.

[0020] In order to ensure the stability of the valve body, for example, Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 3 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also includes that the anti-expansion assembly includes a groove 11 provided at the lower end of the first valve stem 7, and a sealing plate 12 is sealingly and slidingly connected in the groove 11. The lower surface of the sealing plate 12 is fixedly connected to a spline shaft 13, and the lower end of the spline shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the extrusion block 5. The side of the sealing plate 12 away from the spline shaft 13 and the inner wall of the groove 11 are filled with an anti-expansion fluid.

[0021] During use, when the medium temperature rises and causes the valve core ball 2 to expand, the heat is transferred to the sealing plate 12 through the extrusion block 5 and the spline shaft 13. The heat is transferred to the anti-expansion fluid, causing the anti-expansion fluid to decrease in volume. The sealing plate 12 slides upward in the slot 11, and the spline shaft 13 retracts into the slot 11, causing the extrusion block 5 to move upward synchronously. When the extrusion block 5 moves upward, the extrusion force on the valve core ball 2 is reduced, offsetting the expansion of the valve core ball 2, and avoiding damage to the sealing surface or deformation of the valve body 1 due to excessive extrusion; When the medium temperature drops, the valve core ball 2 decreases in volume due to the shrinkage effect, resulting in an increase in the sealing gap between it and the valve seat, which may cause leakage. At this time, the anti-expansion fluid expands itself due to the drop in temperature and increases in volume. The anti-expansion fluid pushes the sealing plate 12 downward, and the sealing plate 12 drives the extrusion block 5 to move downward synchronously through the spline shaft 13. The extrusion block 5 forces the valve core ball 2 to undergo additional elastic deformation to fill the sealing gap caused by shrinkage, thereby maintaining the pressure on the sealing surface, ensuring the sealing reliability at low temperatures, and avoiding medium leakage.

[0022] For example, Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also includes that a heat-conducting chamber 14 is provided inside the extrusion block 5, a through hole 15 connected to the heat-conducting chamber 14 is provided in the middle of the spline shaft 13, and a plurality of groups of circumferentially distributed L-shaped heat-conducting rods 16 are provided in the through hole 15, one end of the heat-conducting rod 16 is located in the heat-conducting chamber 14, and the upper end of the heat-conducting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate 12; the heat-conducting chamber 14 is filled with a heat-conducting liquid.

[0023] During use, when the temperature of the medium rises, heat is transferred from the valve core ball 2 to the extrusion block 5, and then transferred into the heat-conducting liquid in the heat-conducting chamber 14 through the inner wall of the extrusion block 5. After the heat-conducting liquid absorbs the heat, the heat-conducting rod 16 is in direct contact with the heat-conducting liquid, and the heat is quickly transferred to the sealing plate 12 through the heat-conducting rod 16. The sealing plate 12 transfers the heat to the anti-expansion fluid, causing the anti-expansion fluid to contract, thereby driving the extrusion block 5 to move upward to reduce the extrusion force on the valve core ball 2, offsetting the expansion of the valve core ball 2, and avoiding damage to the sealing surface or deformation of the valve body 1 due to excessive extrusion; Similarly, when the medium temperature drops, the temperature of the anti-expansion fluid drops rapidly, causing the anti-expansion fluid to expand, driving the extrusion block 5 to move further downward to squeeze the valve core ball 2, forcing the valve core ball 2 to undergo additional elastic deformation, filling the sealing gap caused by cold shrinkage, ensuring sealing reliability at low temperatures, and avoiding medium leakage.

[0024] For example, Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also includes that a spline sleeve 17 is installed on the inner wall of the slot 11 and is slidably connected to the spline shaft 13, and the lower end surface of the first valve stem 7 is fixedly connected to an elastic sealing tube 18, and the lower end of the elastic sealing tube 18 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the extrusion block 5.

[0025] During use, the sliding connection between the spline sleeve 17 and the spline shaft 13 prevents relative rotation between the first valve stem 7 and the extrusion block 5 when the first valve stem 7 rotates, ensuring that the valve core ball 2 can stably rotate with the valve stem, thereby ensuring the reliability of the valve switching action; When relative axial movement occurs between the first valve stem 7 and the extrusion block 5, such as when the extrusion block 5 moves up or down, the elastic sealing tube 18 will expand and contract accordingly, always maintaining the seal on the lower end opening of the slot 11, preventing external impurities from entering the interior of the slot 11, and avoiding affecting the sliding performance of the sealing plate 12 and the effect of the anti-expansion fluid.

[0026] In order to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the valve under extreme working conditions, for example, Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, the present invention further includes that a fixed cylinder 19 is installed on the upper end surface of the first valve stem 7, a movable plate 20 is sealingly and slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder 19, a movable rod 21 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable plate 20, the upper end of the movable rod 21 passes through the fixed cylinder 19 and is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the second valve stem 8, and hydraulic oil is filled between the side of the movable plate 20 away from the movable rod 21 and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 19; The upper end surface of the first valve stem 7 is provided with a first sliding hole 22 which is connected to the inside of the slot 11, and the second valve stem 8 is provided with a vertically arranged second sliding hole 23, which passes through the movable rod 21 and corresponds to the first sliding hole 22, and an adjusting rod 24 is sealed and slidably connected in the first sliding hole 22 and the second sliding hole 23, and the lower end of the adjusting rod 24 passes through the first sliding hole 22 and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing plate 12, and a liquid outlet channel 25 is provided in the adjusting rod 24, and a liquid outlet hole 26 which is connected to the liquid outlet channel 25 is provided on one side of the adjusting rod 24, and the liquid outlet hole 26 is initially located in the first sliding hole 22.

[0027] During use, when the temperature of the medium rises, the volume of the valve core ball 2 increases due to thermal expansion. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the sealing plate 12 through the extrusion block 5, and further transferred to the anti-expansion fluid. The heat transferred to the anti-expansion fluid causes the anti-expansion fluid to decrease in volume. Therefore, the sealing plate 12 slides upward in the slot 11, driving the spline shaft 13 to retract into the slot 11. At this time, the liquid outlet 26 is still located in the first sliding hole 22 and has not yet come into contact with the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19. When the medium temperature continues to rise and the anti-expansion fluid shrinks to its limit, the valve core ball 2 may continue to expand. At this time, the upward movement of the sealing plate 12 increases, driving the adjusting rod 24 to move up to a certain position. When the adjusting rod 24 moves up to a position where the liquid outlet hole 26 is located in the fixed cylinder 19, the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 begins to enter the liquid outlet channel 25 through the liquid outlet hole 26 and is discharged through the liquid outlet channel 25. As the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 is discharged, the hydraulic resistance experienced by the first valve stem 7 decreases, so that it can move up further. The upward movement helps to further offset the expansion of the valve core ball 2 and prevent damage to the sealing surface or deformation of the valve body 1 caused by excessive extrusion. At the same time, the upward movement of the first valve stem 7 also drives the overall upward movement of the fixed cylinder 19, ensuring the stability of the entire structure in a high temperature environment and the continuous and stable operation of the valve under extreme working conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the entire fluid control system, extending the service life of the valve and reducing maintenance costs.

[0028] For example, Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also includes a one-way liquid outlet valve 27 connected to the liquid outlet channel 25 on the side of the adjusting rod 24, and the one-way liquid outlet valve 27 is initially located in the fixed cylinder 19, and the upper end of the adjusting rod 24 is fixedly connected to a one-way liquid inlet joint 28.

[0029] During use, when the temperature drops, the working environment of the zero-friction telescopic ball valve changes. At this time, the anti-expansion fluid returns to its initial state due to the drop in temperature, and its volume increases, thereby driving the sealing plate 12 to move down and return to its initial position. The downward movement of the sealing plate 12 simultaneously drives the adjusting rod 24 to slide downward in the first sliding hole 22 and the second sliding hole 23. During the downward movement of the adjusting rod 24, the liquid outlet 26 gradually moves out of the fixed cylinder 19 until it is completely located in the first sliding hole 22. At this time, the one-way liquid outlet valve 27 is in the position inside the fixed cylinder 19. In order to replenish the liquid reduced by the discharge due to the high temperature environment To pressurize the oil, the operator can inject new hydraulic oil into the system through the one-way liquid inlet joint 28. The hydraulic oil enters the liquid outlet channel 25 of the adjusting rod 24 through the one-way liquid inlet joint 28. Then, under the action of the one-way liquid outlet valve 27, the hydraulic oil is guided and injected into the fixed cylinder 19. As the hydraulic oil is injected, the oil pressure in the fixed cylinder 19 gradually increases, pushing the movable plate 20 to move up to the initial state, preparing for the next use of the valve. Through the characteristics of the anti-expansion fluid, the position of the extrusion block 5 is automatically adjusted, and then the sealing state of the valve core ball 2 is adjusted, so that it can adapt to high and low temperature environments without manual intervention.

[0030] For example, Figure 7 、 Figure 9As shown, the present invention also includes that the upper end of the first valve stem 7 is fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of circumferentially distributed first clamping blocks 29, and the lower end of the second valve stem 8 is fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of circumferentially distributed second clamping blocks 30, and the second clamping blocks 30 are staggered with the first clamping blocks 29.

[0031] During use, when the turbine box 3 rotates the second valve stem 8 and the gear lever 10, the second clamping block 30 and the first clamping block 29 are interlaced, and the first valve stem 7 can be easily driven to rotate synchronously when the second valve stem 8 is rotated, ensuring the stability of both during the rotation process.

[0032] For example, Figure 3 、 Figure 6 As shown, the present invention further includes that a pressure relief valve 9 is provided at the upper end of the regulating rod 24, and the pressure relief valve 9 is connected to a liquid leakage alarm through a pipeline.

[0033] During use, when the valve is in normal working condition, the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 remains sealed and will not leak through the liquid outlet channel 25 in the adjusting rod 24. The pressure relief valve 9 is in a closed state and the leakage alarm is not triggered. When the medium temperature rises abnormally, causing the valve core ball 2 to expand significantly, the sealing plate 12 in the anti-expansion assembly will move up, driving the adjusting rod 24 to move up together. As the adjusting rod 24 moves up, the liquid outlet hole 26 gradually moves out of the first sliding hole 22 and enters the fixed cylinder 19, causing the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 to be discharged through the liquid outlet hole 26 and the liquid outlet channel 25 in the adjusting rod 24. Once the hydraulic oil begins to be discharged, the oil pressure in the fixed cylinder 19 will drop accordingly, and the hydraulic resistance experienced by the first valve stem 7 will decrease, so it can move further up. The upward movement helps to further offset the expansion of the valve core ball 2 and prevent damage to the sealing surface or deformation of the valve body 1 caused by excessive extrusion; When the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe and the pressure relief valve 9, the hydraulic oil flows into the leakage alarm. After receiving the liquid, the leakage alarm will immediately trigger an alarm signal to remind the operator to pay attention to the abnormal high temperature of the valve to ensure the safe operation of the valve. The alarm is triggered when the hydraulic oil begins to leak, which provides the operator with enough time to take countermeasures and prevent the accident from escalating.

[0034] For example, Figure 6 As shown, a worm gear 32 is rotatably connected inside the turbine box 3, the upper end of the second valve stem 8 passes through the worm gear 32 and the turbine box 3 and is threadedly connected to the worm gear 32, one side of the worm gear 32 engages with a transmission worm 33, one end of the worm 33 passes through the turbine box 3 and is rotatably connected to the turbine box 3, and one end of the worm 33 is connected to a handwheel 34.

[0035] During use, the worm 33 can be driven to rotate by turning the handwheel 34, and the worm 33 drives the worm wheel 32 to rotate. When the gear lever 10 is located in the horizontal section of the L-shaped positioning groove 31, the rotation of the worm wheel 32 will drive the second valve stem 8 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the gear lever 10 and the second valve stem 8 to rotate; when the gear lever 10 moves into the vertical section of the L-shaped positioning groove 31, the gear lever 10 cannot continue to rotate. At this time, under the rotation of the worm wheel 32, the second valve stem 8 and the worm wheel 32 rotate relative to each other, thereby driving the second valve stem 8 to move downward.

[0036] When the present invention is in use, the turbine box 3 drives the second valve stem 8 and the first valve stem 7 to rotate synchronously, and the extrusion block 5 at the lower end of the first valve stem 7 forms a rotating pair with the notch 4 of the valve core ball 2 through the hinge shaft 6, transmitting the torque to the valve core ball 2, so that the valve core ball 2 rotates around the axis of the first valve stem 7 to the closed position. At this time, the spherical part of the valve core ball 2 completely closes the liquid inlet channel of the valve body 1, driving the turbine box 3 to continue working, relying on the turbine box 3 to drive the second valve stem 8 to move axially downward, and the axial load is transmitted to the extrusion block 5 through the first valve stem 7. The wedge-shaped working surface of the extrusion block 5 causes the valve core ball 2 to produce elastic deformation, thereby realizing the initial pre-tightening of the spherical sealing pair and ensuring the sealing of the valve core ball 2; When the medium temperature rises and causes the valve core ball 2 to expand, the heat is transferred from the valve core ball 2 to the extrusion block 5, and then transferred into the heat-conducting liquid in the heat-conducting chamber 14 through the inner wall of the extrusion block 5. After the heat-conducting liquid absorbs the heat, the heat-conducting rod 16 is in direct contact with the heat-conducting liquid, and the heat is quickly transferred to the sealing plate 12 through the heat-conducting rod 16. The sealing plate 12 transfers the heat to the anti-expansion fluid, which reduces the volume of the anti-expansion fluid. The sealing plate 12 slides upward in the slot 11, and the spline shaft 13 retracts into the slot 11 accordingly, causing the extrusion block 5 to move upward synchronously. When the extrusion block 5 moves upward, the extrusion force on the valve core ball 2 is reduced, offsetting the expansion of the valve core ball 2, and avoiding damage to the sealing surface or deformation of the valve body 1 due to excessive extrusion; When the medium temperature drops, the valve core ball 2 decreases in volume due to the cold shrinkage effect, causing the sealing gap between it and the valve seat to increase, which may cause leakage. At this time, the anti-expansion fluid expands due to the temperature drop and increases in volume. The anti-expansion fluid pushes the sealing plate 12 downward, and the sealing plate 12 drives the extrusion block 5 to move downward synchronously through the spline shaft 13. The extrusion block 5 forces the valve core ball 2 to undergo additional elastic deformation to fill the sealing gap caused by cold shrinkage, thereby maintaining the pressure on the sealing surface, ensuring the sealing reliability at low temperatures, and preventing medium leakage. The sliding connection between the spline sleeve 17 and the spline shaft 13 prevents relative rotation between the first valve stem 7 and the extrusion block 5 when the first valve stem 7 rotates, ensuring that the valve core ball 2 can stably rotate with the valve stem and ensure the reliability of the valve switching action; at the same time, when the extrusion block 5 moves up or down, the elastic sealing tube 18 will expand and contract accordingly, always maintaining a seal on the lower end opening of the slot 11, preventing external impurities from entering the interior of the slot 11, and avoiding affecting the sliding performance of the sealing plate 12 and the effect of the anti-expansion fluid; When the medium temperature continues to rise and the anti-expansion fluid shrinks to the limit, the valve core ball 2 may continue to expand. At this time, the upward movement of the sealing plate 12 increases, driving the adjusting rod 24 to move up to a certain position. When the adjusting rod 24 moves up to a position where the liquid outlet hole 26 is located in the fixed cylinder 19, the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 begins to enter the liquid outlet channel 25 through the liquid outlet hole 26 and is discharged through the liquid outlet channel 25. As the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 is discharged, the hydraulic resistance experienced by the first valve stem 7 is reduced, so it can move up further. The upward movement helps to further offset the expansion of the valve core ball 2 and prevent damage to the sealing surface or deformation of the valve body 1 caused by excessive extrusion. At the same time, the upward movement of the first valve stem 7 also drives the overall upward movement of the fixed cylinder 19, ensuring the stability of the entire structure in a high temperature environment and the continuous and stable operation of the valve under extreme working conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the entire fluid control system, extending the service life of the valve and reducing maintenance costs. When the hydraulic oil in the fixed cylinder 19 is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe and the pressure relief valve 9, the hydraulic oil flows into the leakage alarm. After the leakage alarm receives the liquid, it will immediately trigger an alarm signal to remind the operator to pay attention to the abnormal high temperature of the valve to ensure the safe operation of the valve. The alarm is triggered when the hydraulic oil begins to leak, which provides the operator with enough time to take countermeasures to prevent the accident from escalating. When the temperature drops, the working environment of the zero-friction telescopic ball valve changes. At this time, the anti-expansion fluid returns to its initial state due to the drop in temperature, and its volume increases, thereby driving the sealing plate 12 to move down and return to its initial position. The downward movement of the sealing plate 12 simultaneously drives the adjusting rod 24 to slide downward in the first sliding hole 22 and the second sliding hole 23. During the downward movement of the adjusting rod 24, the liquid outlet hole 26 gradually moves out of the fixed cylinder 19 until it is completely located in the first sliding hole 22. At this time, the one-way liquid outlet valve 27 is in the position inside the fixed cylinder 19. In order to replenish the hydraulic oil that is reduced due to the discharge of the high temperature environment, The operator can inject new hydraulic oil into the system through the one-way liquid inlet joint 28. The hydraulic oil enters the liquid outlet channel 25 of the regulating rod 24 through the one-way liquid inlet joint 28. Then, under the action of the one-way liquid outlet valve 27, the hydraulic oil is guided and injected into the fixed cylinder 19. As the hydraulic oil is injected, the oil pressure in the fixed cylinder 19 gradually increases, pushing the movable plate 20 to move up to the initial state, preparing for the next use of the valve. Through the characteristics of the anti-expansion fluid, the position of the extrusion block 5 is automatically adjusted, and then the sealing state of the valve core ball 2 is adjusted, so that it can adapt to high and low temperature environments without human intervention.

[0037] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve, characterized in that: The invention comprises a valve body (1), wherein a valve core ball (2) is provided in the valve body (1), a notch (4) is provided on the upper part of the valve core ball (2), an extrusion block (5) is provided in the notch (4), the extrusion block (5) is hinged to the notch (4) of the valve core ball (2) through a hinge shaft (6), a first valve stem (7) and a second valve stem (8) are sequentially provided on the upper end of the extrusion block (5), the second valve stem (8) is axially slidably connected to the first valve stem (7), the upper end of the second valve stem (8) is connected to a turbine box (3) fixedly connected to the valve body (1), the side of the second valve stem (8) is connected to a gear lever (10), an L-shaped positioning groove (31) corresponding to the gear lever (10) is provided on the valve body (1), and an anti-expansion component is connected between the lower end of the first valve stem (7) and the extrusion block (5).

2. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-expansion assembly includes a slot (11) provided at the lower end of the first valve stem (7), a sealing plate (12) is sealingly and slidingly connected in the slot (11), a spline shaft (13) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate (12), the lower end of the spline shaft (13) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the extrusion block (5), and an anti-expansion fluid is filled between the side of the sealing plate (12) away from the spline shaft (13) and the inner wall of the slot (11).

3. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heat-conducting chamber (14) is provided inside the extrusion block (5); a through hole (15) communicating with the heat-conducting chamber (14) is provided in the middle of the spline shaft (13); a plurality of groups of circumferentially distributed L-shaped heat-conducting rods (16) are provided in the through hole (15); one end of the heat-conducting rod (16) is located in the heat-conducting chamber (14); the upper end of the heat-conducting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate (12); and the heat-conducting chamber (14) is filled with a heat-conducting liquid.

4. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spline sleeve (17) slidably connected to the spline shaft (13) is installed on the inner wall of the slot (11), and an elastic sealing tube (18) is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the first valve stem (7), and the lower end of the elastic sealing tube (18) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the extrusion block (5).

5. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixed cylinder (19) is installed on the upper end surface of the first valve stem (7), a movable plate (20) is sealingly and slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder (19), a movable rod (21) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable plate (20), the upper end of the movable rod (21) passes through the fixed cylinder (19) and is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the second valve stem (8), and hydraulic oil is filled between the side of the movable plate (20) away from the movable rod (21) and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (19); The upper end surface of the first valve stem (7) is provided with a first sliding hole (22) connected to the interior of the slot (11), and the second valve stem (8) is provided with a vertically arranged second sliding hole (23), the second sliding hole (23) passes through the movable rod (21) and corresponds to the first sliding hole (22), and an adjusting rod (24) is sealed and slidably connected in the first sliding hole (22) and the second sliding hole (23), the lower end of the adjusting rod (24) passes through the first sliding hole (22) and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing plate (12), the adjusting rod (24) is provided with a liquid outlet channel (25), and one side of the adjusting rod (24) is provided with a liquid outlet hole (26) connected to the liquid outlet channel (25), and the liquid outlet hole (26) is initially located in the first sliding hole (22).

6. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: A one-way liquid outlet valve (27) communicating with the liquid outlet channel (25) is provided on the side of the regulating rod (24). The one-way liquid outlet valve (27) is initially located in the fixed cylinder (19). The upper end of the regulating rod (24) is fixedly connected to a one-way liquid inlet connector (28).

7. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the first valve stem (7) is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially distributed first clamping blocks (29), and the lower end of the second valve stem (8) is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially distributed second clamping blocks (30), wherein the second clamping blocks (30) are staggered with the first clamping blocks (29).

8. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure relief valve (9) is provided at the upper end of the regulating rod (24), and the pressure relief valve (9) is connected to a liquid leakage alarm via a pipeline.

9. A zero-friction telescopic ball valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A worm gear (32) is rotatably connected in the turbine housing (3), an upper end of the second valve stem (1) passes through the worm gear (32) and the turbine housing (3) and is threadedly connected to the worm gear (32), one side of the worm gear (32) is engaged with a transmission worm (33), one end of the worm gear (33) passes through the turbine housing (3) and is rotatably connected to the turbine housing (3), and one end of the worm gear (33) is connected to a handwheel (34).

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