Cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recycling system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recycling system in the technical field of cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery, and provides a front-mounted waste heat recovery system aiming at the technical problems that in a traditional process, the high-temperature waste gas waste heat recovery efficiency is low, and equipment is prone to being blocked. Comprising a front-end mounting pipe, a tail-end mounting pipe, a connecting pipe, a filter cover, an opening and closing ash removal mechanism and a heat exchange pipe, the connecting pipe is connected with a blast furnace exhaust port and the cyclone dust collector through a heat conduction material, the built-in filter cover intercepts aluminum ash particles, the opening and closing ash removal mechanism drives a movable column block through a spring to control an airflow path, when the filter cover is blocked, an annular scraper is triggered to scrape ash, and reverse air injection ash removal is achieved by adjusting an air hole. Modular assembly of the system is achieved through flange connection, and heat radiation loss is reduced by combining a heat shield. According to the technical scheme, waste heat recovery is conducted before dust removal, the waste heat recovery efficiency is remarkably improved, the equipment maintenance cost is reduced, and the stability and economical efficiency of the system are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat recovery from smelting of cast aluminum alloy wheels, in particular to a heat recovery and utilization system for smelting of cast aluminum alloy wheels. Background Art

[0002] In the smelting of cast aluminum alloy wheels, high-temperature smelting equipment such as aluminum melting furnaces generates large amounts of high-temperature, dusty exhaust gas (typically reaching 600-1200°C) during operation. The heat energy carried by this exhaust gas accounts for 35%-50% of the total smelting energy consumption. Traditional treatment processes typically employ a linear "dust removal followed by heat exchange" process: the exhaust gas first passes through a cyclone dust collector to remove large aluminum ash particles, then passes through an alkaline solution spray system to remove acidic pollutants (such as SO2 and HF). Finally, the remaining exhaust gas, at 80-150°C, is directly discharged or used for low-grade thermal energy. This technical approach faces the following technical bottlenecks that need to be addressed: First, waste heat recovery is inefficient. Existing technology uses high-temperature exhaust gas (>600°C) to pass through a cyclone dust collector and an alkali spray system, cooling the flue gas temperature to 80-150°C before heat exchange. This results in over 60% of the sensible heat not being effectively recovered, resulting in significant energy waste. Secondly, high-temperature, dusty environments can lead to serious equipment failure. When existing heat exchangers (such as heat pipe and plate heat exchangers) directly process dusty exhaust gas, aluminum ash particles tend to deposit on the surface of the heat exchange tubes, causing blockage.

[0003] In response to the above problems, this application document provides a cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery and utilization system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. The present invention provides a cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery and utilization system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions: A cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery and utilization system, comprising: A front-end mounting tube with one end in a closed state, wherein the open end of the front-end mounting tube is connected to the exhaust port of the blast furnace; A tail end mounting tube with one end in a closed state, wherein the open end of the tail end mounting tube is connected to a cyclone dust collector or an alkali solution spray tower; A connecting pipe connected between the front-end mounting pipe and the rear-end mounting pipe, wherein both ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the front-end mounting pipe and the rear-end mounting pipe, and the connecting pipe is made of a heat-conducting material; A filter cover provided on the inner wall of the connecting pipe; an opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism provided inside the connecting pipe, the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism being located on a side of the filter cover close to the front end mounting pipe, and connecting the two ends of the connecting pipe when the filter cover is not completely blocked, and isolating the two ends of the connecting pipe and cleaning the filter cover when the filter cover is completely blocked; The heat exchange tube is wound around the connecting tube and is made of a heat-conducting material.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting pipe includes a connecting pipe and a plug-in pipe located on the same straight line, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the tail end mounting pipe, one end of the plug-in pipe is connected to the front end mounting pipe, the other end of the plug-in pipe passes through the other end of the connecting pipe and is in a closed state, a section of the plug-in pipe located inside the connecting pipe is penetrated by a plurality of ventilation holes, the outer diameter of the plug-in pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting pipe, and the opening and closing cleaning mechanism includes an opening and closing component arranged inside the plug-in pipe and a cleaning component arranged inside the connecting pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the plug-in tube includes a plug-in tube and a device tube located on the same straight line and connected, one end of the device tube is connected to the front-end mounting tube, one end of the plug-in tube is inserted into the interior of the connecting tube, the inner diameter of the device tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the plug-in tube, and the opening and closing component includes a movable column block movably arranged inside the plug-in tube, the outer wall of the movable column block is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the device tube, and a spring is connected between the end of the movable column block facing away from the front-end mounting tube and the inner wall of the plug-in tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter cover is cylindrical and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting tube. A closing plate is fixed to one end of the filter cover close to the front mounting tube, and one end of the filter cover close to the tail mounting tube is open.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust cleaning component includes an annular scraper movably mounted on the outside of the filter cover, the inner circumference of the annular scraper is knife-shaped and fits against the outer wall of the filter cover, and a connecting bracket is fixed on the annular scraper. The dust cleaning component also includes a connecting rod fixed on the end of the movable column block facing away from the front end mounting tube, the connecting rod is arranged along the length direction of the connecting tube, one end of the connecting rod movably passes through one end of the plug-in tube, and the connecting bracket is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. When the movable column block is located inside the plug-in tube, the annular scraper is located on the end of the filter cover facing away from the front end mounting tube, and when the movable column block is located inside the device tube, the annular scraper is detached from the filter cover.

[0010] Furthermore, a mounting ring is fixed on the inner wall of the connecting tube, the open end of the filter cover is fixed to one end of the inner wall of the mounting ring, and a connected auxiliary tube is fixedly connected to the other end of the inner wall of the mounting ring, the auxiliary tube is arranged along the length direction of the connecting tube, and an adjusting air hole is constructed through the outer peripheral side of the auxiliary tube, and the adjusting air hole is close to the end of the auxiliary tube facing away from the filter cover, one end of the connecting rod is movably passed through the interior of the auxiliary tube and is fixed with an adjusting column block, the outer peripheral side of the adjusting column block is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the auxiliary tube, when the movable column block is located inside the insert tube, the adjusting column block is located on the side of the adjusting air hole close to the tail end mounting tube, and when the movable column block is located inside the device tube, the adjusting column block is located on the side of the adjusting air hole close to the front end mounting tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting pipe is penetrated by an ash discharge hole located just below the filter cover, an ash discharge pipe is fixed on the inner wall of the ash discharge hole, and an ash collecting box is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the ash discharge pipe by bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting pipe and the plug-in pipe, the connecting pipe and the tail-end mounting pipe, and the plug-in pipe and the front-end mounting pipe are all detachably connected via flanges.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of the connecting pipes is no less than two.

[0014] Furthermore, a heat insulation cover is connected between the front-end mounting tube and the rear-end mounting tube, and the plurality of connecting tubes are located inside the heat insulation cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This solution achieves heat recovery before the high-temperature exhaust gas enters the dust removal unit by placing the heat exchange device in front of the blast furnace exhaust port and the cyclone dust collector. This avoids the more than 60% sensible heat loss caused by cooling the temperature to 80-150°C in the traditional process. The connecting pipe is made of a heat-conducting material and is designed with a wound heat exchange tube. This allows the exhaust gas heat to be efficiently transferred to the heat exchange medium through both radiation and convection, thereby improving the waste heat recovery rate.

[0016] The coordinated design of the opening and closing cleaning mechanism and the filter cover in the present invention realizes the self-cleaning function in a high-temperature dust-containing environment. When the filter cover is not completely blocked, the movable column block keeps the plug-in tube and the device tube connected under the action of the spring, and the exhaust gas flows through the filter cover normally; when the filter cover is blocked, the pressure between the cavity of the filter cover close to the front-end mounting tube tends to be consistent with the pressure in the front-end mounting tube. At this time, the movable column block is pushed into the device tube under the action of the spring, triggering the plug-in tube and the front-end mounting tube to be separated. At the same time, the connecting rod drives the annular scraper to scrape the accumulated dust along the outer wall of the filter cover. The fitting surface of the scraper and the filter cover is designed to be knife-edge-shaped. Combined with the movement of the adjustment column block, the cavity between the auxiliary tube and the filter cover is reduced, and the upper filter hole of the filter cover is sprayed in the reverse direction to discharge the aluminum ash slag stuck in the filter hole, and the aluminum ash slag falls into the ash collecting box, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0017] In the present invention, the connecting pipe is connected to the plug-in pipe, the tail end installation pipe and other components through flanges, which makes it easy to replace a damaged filter cover and clean the connecting pipe itself.

[0018] The high-temperature waste heat recovered in the present invention can be transported to the smelting furnace combustion air preheating system or the organic Rankine cycle power generation device through an external pipeline, thereby realizing multi-stage utilization of heat-electricity-process energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the middle part structure; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure in center A; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the middle part structure; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Partial view of a stereoscopic cutaway view; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another state; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Magnified view of the structure in middle B; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the central structure.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Front-end mounting tube; 2. Tail-end mounting tube; 3. Connecting tube; 31. Connecting tube; 311. Mounting ring; 312. Auxiliary tube; 313. Adjusting air hole; 314. Ash discharge hole; 315. Ash discharge pipe; 316. Ash collecting box; 32. Inserting tube; 321. Inserting tube; 322. Installation tube; 33. Air vent; 4. Filter cover; 41. Closing plate; 5. Opening and closing ash cleaning mechanism; 51. Opening and closing assembly; 511. Movable column block; 512. Spring; 52. Ash cleaning assembly; 521. Annular scraper; 522. Connecting bracket; 523. Connecting rod; 524. Adjusting column block; 6. Heat exchange tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] This embodiment provides a cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery and utilization system. The traditional technical route has the following technical bottlenecks that need to be solved urgently: First, the waste heat recovery efficiency is low. In the existing technology, high-temperature exhaust gas > 600°C is first passed through a cyclone dust collector and an alkaline solution spray system, and then the flue gas temperature is reduced to 80-150°C before heat exchange is performed, resulting in more than 60% of the sensible heat not being effectively recovered, and serious energy waste; secondly, the high-temperature dusty environment causes serious equipment failure. When existing transducers such as heat pipe heat exchangers and plate heat exchangers directly treat dusty exhaust gas, aluminum ash particles are easily deposited on the surface of the heat exchange tube, causing the problem of tube blockage, and the following technical solutions are provided, which will be combined below. Figures 1-10 Give detailed instructions: Example 1: This embodiment provides a heat recovery system for cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting. Its core lies in pre-positioning the high-temperature exhaust gas heat recovery unit before dust removal. A dynamic dust removal mechanism and modular structure are used to achieve efficient heat utilization and improve equipment reliability. The system includes a front-end mounting pipe 1, a rear-end mounting pipe 2, a connecting pipe 3, a filter cover 4, an open / close dust removal mechanism 5, and a heat exchange pipe 6. These components work together to address the heat loss and equipment clogging issues of traditional processes. One end of the front-end installation pipe 1 is closed, and the open end is connected to the blast furnace exhaust port through a flange, which is used to receive high-temperature dust-containing exhaust gas with a temperature of 600-1200°C; One end of the tail installation pipe 2 is closed, and the open end is connected to the cyclone dust collector or alkali solution spray tower to transport the waste gas after waste heat recovery; The two ends of the connecting pipe 3 are flange-connected to the front-end mounting pipe 1 and the rear-end mounting pipe 2 respectively. The connecting pipe 3 is made of copper alloy (thermal conductivity ≥ 200W / (m·K)), forming a high-temperature exhaust gas flow channel; A filter cover 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 3 to filter particulate impurities such as aluminum ash slag in the high-temperature flue gas. The filter cover 4 is made of PTFE-coated tungsten wire reinforced ceramic fiber composite material, which can meet the high temperature tolerance of 1200°C and maintain the shape and structural stability requirements; The opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism 5 is located on the side of the filter cover 4 close to the front end mounting pipe 1. When the filter cover 4 is not completely blocked, the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism 5 connects the two ends of the connecting pipe 3. When the filter cover 4 is completely blocked, the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism 5 isolates the two ends of the connecting pipe 3 and cleans the filter cover 4. The heat exchange tube 6 is wound around the connecting tube 3. The heat exchange tube 6 is made of stainless steel. Heat transfer oil is passed into the interior as a heat exchange medium to transfer the exhaust gas heat to the external heat energy utilization unit.

[0023] Through the above-described structure and operating method, the system of the present invention can effectively solve the problems of low waste heat recovery efficiency and equipment clogging existing in the prior art. By placing the heat exchange device between the blast furnace exhaust port and the cyclone dust collector, heat exchange is directly performed on the high-temperature exhaust gas, avoiding the large amount of heat energy wasted due to prior cooling in traditional processes and significantly improving the waste heat recovery rate. At the same time, the coordinated design of the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism 5 and the filter cover 4 realizes a self-cleaning function in high-temperature dusty environments, effectively preventing equipment clogging, improving the stability and reliability of the system, and reducing equipment maintenance costs. This represents a significant improvement and has broad application prospects.

[0024] For details, please refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 The connecting pipe 3 includes a connecting pipe 31 and a plug-in pipe 32 located on the same straight line. One end of the connecting pipe 31 is connected to the tail-end mounting pipe 2 through a flange, and one end of the plug-in pipe 32 is connected to the front-end mounting pipe 1 through a flange. The other end of the plug-in pipe 32 passes through the other end of the connecting pipe 31 and is in a closed state. The plug-in pipe 32 is located inside the connecting pipe 31 and is penetrated by a plurality of vents 33. The design of these vents 33 allows the exhaust gas to form a good flow between the plug-in pipe 32 and the connecting pipe 31, and at the same time provides a necessary channel for the cleaning process. The outer diameter of the plug-in pipe 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 31. The opening and closing cleaning mechanism 5 includes an opening and closing component 51 arranged inside the plug-in pipe 32 and a cleaning component 52 arranged inside the connecting pipe 31; The opening and closing assembly 51 is responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the plug-in tube 32 and the connecting tube 31. When the filter cover 4 is not completely blocked, the opening and closing assembly 51 keeps the passage between the plug-in tube 32 and the connecting tube 31 unobstructed, allowing the exhaust gas to flow through the passage normally. However, when the filter cover 4 is gradually blocked by impurities, the opening and closing assembly 51 can automatically sense and operate, cutting off the passage between the plug-in tube 32 and the connecting tube 31, preparing for the dust cleaning operation. The dust cleaning assembly 52 works in conjunction with the opening and closing assembly 51. When the opening and closing assembly 51 cuts off the passage, the dust cleaning assembly 52 starts to clean the filter cover 4 and remove impurities accumulated on its surface. This design of the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism 5 realizes a self-cleaning function in high-temperature and dusty environments, effectively preventing equipment blockage and improving system stability and reliability.

[0025] Through the above structure and operation mode, the system of the present invention can not only efficiently recover the heat energy in the high-temperature exhaust gas, but also automatically clean the impurities on the filter cover 4, avoiding equipment failure and increased maintenance costs caused by impurity blockage.

[0026] This embodiment realizes the automatic opening and closing and dynamic dust cleaning functions of the high-temperature dust-containing exhaust gas flow duct through the collaborative innovative design of the plug-in tube 32 and the opening and closing component 51. Furthermore, the plug-in tube 32 includes a plug-in tube 321 and a device tube 322 located on the same straight line and connected. One end of the device tube 322 is connected to the front-end mounting tube 1 through a flange. The plug-in tube 32 is formed into a stepped nested structure by the plug-in tube 321 and the device tube 322. One end of the plug-in tube 321 is inserted into the interior of the connecting tube 31, and the inner diameter of the device tube 322 is smaller than that of the plug-in tube 321. The inner diameter of the tube 321, the opening and closing assembly 51 includes a movable column block 511 movably arranged inside the insertion tube 32, the outer wall of the movable column block 511 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the device tube 322, and the outer wall of the movable column block 511 and the inner wall of the device tube 322 adopt an interference fit (clearance ≤ 0.05mm). A spring 512 is connected between the end of the movable column block 511 facing away from the front mounting tube 1 and the inner wall of the insertion tube 321. When the front mounting tube 1 is not ventilated, the movable column block 511 is inserted into the interior of the device tube 322; Under normal working conditions (the filter cover 4 is not blocked), the flue gas temperature inside the front-end mounting tube 1 is high and in a high-pressure state. At this time, the movable column block 511 will be pushed to keep moving to the right, and the plug-in tube 32 is connected to the front-end mounting tube 1. The exhaust gas enters the connecting tube 31 through the internal channel of the plug-in tube 321. When the filter cover 4 is completely blocked, the two ends of the connecting tube 3 are separated, and the pressure inside the front-end mounting tube 1 and a part of the cavity on the left side of the filter cover 4 in the connecting tube 3 gradually approaches. At this time, the movable column block 511 is not affected by the pressure of the flue gas, but only by the elastic force of the spring 512. The movable column block 511 will move to the left to the inside of the device tube 322 until the left end of the plug-in tube 32 is separated from the front-end mounting tube 1. At this time, the plug-in tube 321 and the device tube 322 form a closed cavity. During the movement of the movable column block 511, the directional removal of aluminum ash slag is achieved through the cleaning component 52.

[0027] Through the above-described structure and operation, the system of the present invention further optimizes the function of the opening and closing dust-clearing mechanism 5. The coordinated action of the movable column block 511 and the spring 512 not only achieves automatic opening and closing of the channel, but also improves the automation and reliability of the system. This design significantly improves the system's operating efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures the continuity and stability of the heat recovery process.

[0028] Furthermore, the filter cover 4 is cylindrical and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting tube 31. A closing plate 41 is fixed to the end of the filter cover 4 near the front mounting tube 1. The closing plate 41 is coaxially arranged with the filter cover 4 to prevent large particles of aluminum ash in the exhaust gas from directly impacting the filter cover 4. The end of the filter cover 4 near the rear mounting tube 2 is open to form a filtering channel. The dust cleaning component 52 includes an annular scraper 521 movably sleeved on the outside of the filter cover 4, the inner circumference of the annular scraper 521 is in the shape of a knife edge and fits with the outer wall of the filter cover 4, the scraper is made of WC-Co hard alloy and can withstand a high temperature of 600°C, a connecting bracket 522 is fixed on the annular scraper 521, and the dust cleaning component 52 also includes a connecting rod 523 fixed on the end of the movable column block 511 facing away from the front end mounting tube 1, the connecting brackets 522 are radially and evenly distributed on the inner side of the annular scraper 521, the connecting rod 523 is arranged along the length direction of the connecting tube 3, one end of the connecting rod 523 movably passes through one end of the insertion tube 32, the connecting bracket 522 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 523, when the movable column block 511 is located inside the insertion tube 321, the annular scraper 521 is located on the end of the filter cover 4 facing away from the front end mounting tube 1, and when the movable column block 511 is located inside the device tube 322, the annular scraper 521 is separated from the filter cover 4; Under normal working conditions (the filter cover 4 is not blocked), the movable column block 511 is located inside the insert tube 321, and the spring 512 is in a compressed energy storage state. At this time, the connecting rod 523 drives the annular scraper 521 to be located at the end of the filter cover 4 facing away from the front mounting tube 1 (i.e., the rightmost end). The annular scraper 521 remains in contact with the outer wall of the filter cover 4, and the exhaust gas enters the connecting pipe 31 after being filtered by the filter cover 4. When the filter cover 4 is completely blocked, the spring 512 pushes the movable column block 511 to move to the left, and the movable column block 511 drives the annular scraper 521 to move to the left through the connecting rod 523 and the connecting bracket 522 until the movable column block 511 is completely moved to the inside of the device tube 322. At this time, the annular scraper 521 moves to the left side of the filter cover 4 and performs a dust scraping action on the filter cover 4. After the dust cleaning is completed, the filter cover 4 is in an unblocked state. At this time, the air pressure inside the front-end mounting tube 1 is greater than the air pressure inside the tail-end mounting tube 2. The movable column block 511 moves to the right, and the annular scraper 521 also moves to the rightmost end to prepare for the next dust scraping work.

[0029] The design of this cleaning component 52 realizes efficient automatic cleaning of the filter cover 4, avoids the problem of equipment blockage caused by impurity accumulation, and controls the movement of the annular scraper 521 through the displacement of the movable column block 511, which not only improves the cleaning efficiency, but also enhances the automation and reliability of the system.

[0030] Example 2: Example 2 is a further optimization of Example 1. This example optimizes the dust removal efficiency by combining the coordinated structural design of the filter cover 4 and the auxiliary pipe 312 with the dynamic airflow control of the regulating pores 313. Figures 1-10 31, and the filter housing 4 is provided with a fixing ring 311. The fixing ring 311 is fixed on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 31, and the open end of the filter housing 4 is connected to one end of the inner wall of the fixing ring 311 through a flange. The other end of the inner wall of the fixing ring 311 is fixedly connected to a connected auxiliary pipe 312. The auxiliary pipe 312 is arranged along the length direction of the connecting pipe 31, and an adjusting air hole 313 is penetrated on the outer peripheral side of the auxiliary pipe 312. The adjusting air hole 313 is close to the end of the auxiliary pipe 312 facing away from the filter housing 4. One end of the connecting rod 523 is movable through the interior of the auxiliary pipe 312 and is fixed with an adjusting column block 524. The outer peripheral side of the adjusting column block 524 is connected to the auxiliary pipe 31 2, the inner wall of the auxiliary tube 312 is tightly fitted, and the outer circumference of the adjusting column block 524 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the auxiliary tube 312 (clearance ≤ 0.05mm). When the movable column block 511 is located inside the insertion tube 321, the adjusting column block 524 is located on the side of the adjusting air hole 313 close to the tail end mounting tube 2 (i.e., the right side), and the adjusting air hole 313 is in an open state. When the movable column block 511 moves into the device tube 322, the adjusting column block 524 is pulled by the connecting rod 523 and slides to the side of the adjusting air hole 313 close to the front end mounting tube 1 (i.e., the left side), thereby achieving airflow pressure adjustment by changing the flow cross-sectional area. Under normal operating conditions (filter housing 4 is unobstructed), the movable column 511 remains rightwardly displaced by the high-temperature flue gas pressure, and the regulating column 524 is positioned to the right of the regulating air hole 313. This creates a smooth airflow path within the auxiliary pipe 312, allowing the exhaust gas to enter the connecting pipe 31 in a laminar flow state after being filtered by the filter housing 4. When the filter housing 4 is completely obstructed, the movable column 511 moves leftward into the installation pipe 322, driving the connecting rod 523 and the regulating column 524 to move leftward simultaneously, moving the regulating column 524 to the left of the regulating air hole 313. As the regulating column 524 continues to move, the cavity between the auxiliary pipe 312 and the filter housing 4 decreases, generating a reverse high-pressure airflow that blows out the aluminum ash stuck in the filter holes of the filter housing 4. Combined with the scraping of the annular scraper 521, the aluminum ash is removed in a targeted manner. After cleaning is complete, the movable column 511 moves into the interior of the insertion pipe 321, connecting the two ends of the connecting pipe 3.

[0031] Example 3: Example 3 is a further optimization of Example 1. This example achieves efficient collection and directional discharge of aluminum ash in high-temperature dusty exhaust gas through the coordinated optimization design of the connecting pipe 31 and the ash discharge component, solving the problems of easy clogging of the ash discharge port and secondary dust in the traditional process. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 The connecting pipe 31 is penetrated by an ash discharge hole 314 located just below the filter cover 4. An ash discharge pipe 315 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the ash discharge hole 314. An ash collecting box 316 is fixed to the bottom end of the ash discharge pipe 315 by bolts. The ash discharge pipe 315 and the ash collecting box 316 are both made of stainless steel. During the cleaning process, when the annular scraper 521 moves along the outer wall of the filter cover 4 and scrapes off impurities, the scraped impurities will enter the ash discharge pipe 315 through the ash discharge hole 314 and finally fall into the ash collection box 316. This design ensures that the impurities generated during the cleaning process can be effectively collected, preventing the impurities from re-entering the system or scattering around the equipment, thereby keeping the system clean and running stably.

[0032] Example 4: Example 4 is a further optimization of Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-10 , the number of connecting pipes 3 is not less than two, forming an efficient heat recovery network. This design of multiple connecting pipes 3 not only increases the heat exchange area, but also improves the overall heat recovery efficiency of the system. At the same time, when the filter cover 4 in one of the connecting pipes 3 is blocked, the other connecting pipes 3 can continue to work, avoiding excessive air pressure in the front-end installation pipe 1 and damage to the equipment; A heat insulation cover is connected between the front-end mounting tube 1 and the tail-end mounting tube 2. Several connecting tubes 3 are located inside the heat insulation cover. The function of the heat insulation cover is to reduce the loss of heat during the recovery process and ensure that the heat energy in the high-temperature exhaust gas can be recycled and utilized to the maximum extent. The heat insulation cover is made of double-layer hollow ceramic fiber, which can effectively block the transfer of heat to the outside world. At the same time, it provides a relatively stable high-temperature environment for the connecting tube 3, further improving the efficiency of heat exchange.

[0033] When the cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery and utilization system of the present invention is used, the front-end mounting pipe 1 is first connected to the blast furnace exhaust port, and the rear-end mounting pipe 2 is connected to the cyclone dust collector or the alkali liquid spray tower to form a complete exhaust gas treatment circuit. After the system is started, high-temperature dust-laden exhaust gas with a temperature of up to 600-1200°C enters the front-end mounting pipe 1 from the blast furnace exhaust port. Because the movable column block 511 remains in a rightward position under the push of the high-pressure flue gas in the front-end mounting pipe 1, the passage between the insertion pipe 32 and the connecting pipe 31 is unobstructed, allowing the exhaust gas to smoothly pass through the insertion pipe 321 and enter the connecting pipe 31. During this process, the exhaust gas first passes through the filter cover 4, where particulate impurities such as aluminum ash are filtered and intercepted. The filtered exhaust gas continues to flow to the rear-end mounting pipe 2 and eventually enters the cyclone dust collector or the alkali liquid spray tower for subsequent treatment. At the same time, heat transfer oil is introduced into the heat exchange tube 6 wound around the connecting tube 3 as a heat exchange medium. The heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is transferred to the heat transfer oil in the heat exchange tube 6 through the copper alloy tube wall of the connecting tube 3, thereby achieving effective heat recovery. The recovered heat energy can be used for the combustion air preheating system of the smelting furnace or the organic Rankine cycle power generation device, realizing the multi-stage utilization of heat, electricity and process energy. When the filter cover 4 is gradually clogged with impurities, the internal pressure of the cavity on the left side of the filter cover 4 in the front installation pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 3 gradually approaches each other, and the movable column block 511 is no longer pushed by the flue gas pressure, but only by the elastic force of the spring 512, thereby moving to the left to the inside of the device pipe 322 until the left end of the plug-in pipe 32 is separated from the front installation pipe 1 to form a closed cavity. At this time, the cleaning component 52 is started, and the annular scraper 521 moves to the left under the drive of the movable column block 511 through the connecting rod 523 and the connecting bracket 522. The filter housing 4 is moved to scrape the dust, removing the impurities accumulated on its surface. At the same time, the adjusting column block 524 is pulled by the connecting rod 523 to move to the left side of the adjusting air hole 313, and the cavity between the auxiliary pipe 312 and the filter housing 4 becomes smaller, generating a reverse high-pressure airflow, blowing out the aluminum ash stuck in the filter hole of the filter housing 4, further improving the cleaning efficiency. The scraped impurities enter the ash discharge pipe 315 through the ash discharge hole 314 and finally fall into the ash collection box 316, realizing the efficient collection and directional discharge of the aluminum ash. After the dust cleaning is completed, the filter cover 4 is restored to normal operation, the air pressure inside the front-end installation tube 1 is again greater than the air pressure inside the tail-end installation tube 2, the movable column block 511 moves to the right under the action of the flue gas pressure, and the annular scraper 521 also moves to the rightmost end. The two ends of the connecting pipe 3 are reconnected, the system returns to normal operation, and continues to perform heat recovery and exhaust gas treatment.

[0034] It should be noted that the specific model specifications of each structure in the present invention need to be selected and determined based on the actual specifications of the device, etc. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail. The principles of these components are clear to those skilled in the art and do not need to be described in detail here.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery and utilization system, characterized in that: include: A front-end mounting tube (1) with one end in a closed state, wherein the open end of the front-end mounting tube (1) is connected to the exhaust port of the blast furnace; A tail end mounting tube (2) with one end in a closed state, wherein the open end of the tail end mounting tube (2) is connected to a cyclone dust collector or an alkali solution spray tower; A connecting tube (3) connected between the front-end mounting tube (1) and the rear-end mounting tube (2), wherein both ends of the connecting tube (3) are respectively connected to the front-end mounting tube (1) and the rear-end mounting tube (2), and the connecting tube (3) is made of a heat-conducting material; A filter cover (4) provided on the inner wall of the connecting pipe (3); an opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism (5) provided inside the connecting pipe (3), the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism (5) being located on a side of the filter cover (4) close to the front end mounting pipe (1); when the filter cover (4) is not completely blocked, the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism (5) connects the two ends of the connecting pipe (3); when the filter cover (4) is completely blocked, the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism (5) isolates the two ends of the connecting pipe (3) and cleans the filter cover (4); A heat exchange tube (6), the heat exchange tube (6) is wound around the connecting tube (3), and the heat exchange tube (6) is made of a heat-conducting material.

2. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (3) includes a connecting pipe (31) and a plug-in pipe (32) located on the same straight line, one end of the connecting pipe (31) is connected to the tail-end mounting pipe (2), one end of the plug-in pipe (32) is connected to the front-end mounting pipe (1), the other end of the plug-in pipe (32) passes through the other end of the connecting pipe (31) and is in a closed state, a section of the plug-in pipe (32) located inside the connecting pipe (31) is penetrated by a plurality of vent holes (33), the outer diameter of the plug-in pipe (32) is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (31), and the opening and closing dust cleaning mechanism (5) includes an opening and closing component (51) arranged inside the plug-in pipe (32) and a dust cleaning component (52) arranged inside the connecting pipe (31).

3. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug-in tube (32) includes a plug-in tube (321) and a device tube (322) located on the same straight line and connected to each other, one end of the device tube (322) is connected to the front-end mounting tube (1), one end of the plug-in tube (321) is inserted into the interior of the connecting tube (31), the inner diameter of the device tube (322) is smaller than the inner diameter of the plug-in tube (321), and the opening and closing component (51) includes a movable column block (511) movably arranged inside the plug-in tube (32), the outer wall of the movable column block (511) is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the device tube (322), and a spring (512) is connected between the end of the movable column block (511) facing away from the front-end mounting tube (1) and the inner wall of the plug-in tube (321).

4. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter cover (4) is cylindrical and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting tube (31). A closing plate (41) is fixed to one end of the filter cover (4) close to the front mounting tube (1), and an end of the filter cover (4) close to the rear mounting tube (2) is open.

5. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust cleaning assembly (52) includes an annular scraper (521) that is movably sleeved on the outside of the filter cover (4), the inner circumference of the annular scraper (521) is in the shape of a knife edge and fits against the outer wall of the filter cover (4), and a connecting bracket (522) is fixed on the annular scraper (521). The dust cleaning assembly (52) also includes a connecting rod (523) fixed on the end of the movable column block (511) facing away from the front mounting tube (1), and the connecting rod (523) is arranged along the length direction of the connecting tube (3). It is configured such that one end of the connecting rod (523) movably passes through one end of the insertion tube (32), and the connecting bracket (522) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (523); when the movable column block (511) is located inside the insertion tube (321), the annular scraper (521) is located on one end of the filter cover (4) facing away from the front installation tube (1); and when the movable column block (511) is located inside the device tube (322), the annular scraper (521) is separated from the filter cover (4).

6. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting ring (311) is fixed on the inner wall of the connecting tube (31), the open end of the filter cover (4) is fixed to one end of the inner wall of the mounting ring (311), and a connected auxiliary tube (312) is fixedly connected to the other end of the inner wall of the mounting ring (311). The auxiliary tube (312) is arranged along the length direction of the connecting tube (31), and an adjusting air hole (313) is constructed on the outer peripheral side of the auxiliary tube (312). The adjusting air hole (313) is close to the end of the auxiliary tube (312) facing away from the filter cover (4). One end of the connecting rod (523) is movable. The movable column block (524) is fixed to the interior of the auxiliary tube (312), and the outer peripheral side of the adjusting column block (524) is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the auxiliary tube (312). When the movable column block (511) is located inside the insert tube (321), the adjusting column block (524) is located on the side of the adjusting air hole (313) close to the tail end mounting tube (2). When the movable column block (511) is located inside the device tube (322), the adjusting column block (524) is located on the side of the adjusting air hole (313) close to the front end mounting tube (1).

7. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An ash discharge hole (314) is formed through the connecting pipe (31) and is located directly below the filter cover (4). An ash discharge pipe (315) is fixed to the inner wall of the ash discharge hole (314). An ash collection box (316) is fixed to the bottom end of the ash discharge pipe (315) via bolts.

8. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (31) and the plug-in pipe (32), the connecting pipe (31) and the tail-end mounting pipe (2), and the plug-in pipe (32) and the front-end mounting pipe (1) are all detachably connected via flanges.

9. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the connecting pipes (3) is not less than two.

10. The cast aluminum alloy wheel smelting heat energy recovery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A heat insulation cover is connected between the front-end mounting tube (1) and the rear-end mounting tube (2), and a plurality of the connecting tubes (3) are located inside the heat insulation cover.

Images