A temperature control method and device for steel processing

Abstract

The application discloses a temperature control method and device for steel processing, and relates to the technical field of temperature control. The temperature parameter corresponding to target steel is acquired to determine cooling control; the first temperature interval and the second temperature interval are determined according to the material information of the target steel; the first temperature of the target steel is acquired and compared with the first temperature interval and the second temperature interval, and the cooling mode for the target steel is determined according to the comparison result and the cooling time length; if it is determined that the cooling mode for the target steel is the water-oil alternating cooling mode, the spraying system is controlled to perform cooling operation on the target steel according to the first temperature interval, so that the second temperature of the target steel is obtained; when the second temperature is within the first temperature interval, it is determined that the oil cooling system is controlled to perform cooling operation on the target steel according to the second temperature interval, so that the third temperature is obtained; if it is determined that the third temperature is within the second temperature interval, it is determined that the target steel has completed the cooling operation. The technical scheme is implemented to improve the comprehensive performance of the final product.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of temperature control, in particular to a temperature control method and device for steel processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of steel material processing, different application scenarios have differentiated requirements for the geometric size, mechanical properties and microstructure of products, which requires the use of plastic processing techniques such as rolling and forging to process steel raw materials into products that meet specific technical standards. In the process of hot processing, accurate control of temperature parameters is crucial. If the process temperature exceeds the critical range, a series of metallurgical defects will be caused: overheating will cause abnormal growth of austenite grains, significantly reducing the mechanical properties such as strength and toughness of the material; overburning will cause grain boundary oxidation or even local melting, causing irreversible material failure. These defects not only affect the product pass rate, but also cause production interruptions and additional process repairs, seriously affecting production efficiency and cycle costs.

[0003] Currently, existing cooling processes mostly use fixed cooling methods, which cannot meet the cooling needs of different steel materials and processing stages, resulting in a mismatch between the cooling effect and the processing stage of the steel, which in turn affects the overall performance of the final product.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a temperature control method and device for steel processing that can solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a temperature control method and device for steel processing, which solves the problem of mismatch between the cooling effect and the processing stage caused by traditional fixed cooling methods by dynamically adjusting the cooling method, thereby improving the overall performance of the final product.

[0006] In a first aspect, the application provides a temperature control method for steel processing, the method comprising: obtaining a temperature parameter corresponding to a target steel, determining cooling control for the target steel according to the temperature parameter, the target steel being steel in a processing stage; obtaining material information of the target steel, determining a first temperature interval and a second temperature interval according to the material information, the first temperature interval being a cooling temperature interval required for water cooling, the second temperature interval being a cooling temperature interval required for oil cooling, the minimum value of the first temperature interval being greater than the maximum value of the second temperature interval; obtaining a first temperature of the target steel, comparing the first temperature with the first temperature interval and the second temperature interval to obtain a comparison result, the first temperature being a temperature obtained by scanning the target steel using an infrared temperature measuring instrument; determining a cooling mode for the target steel according to the comparison result and a cooling time length, the cooling mode including a water cooling mode, an oil cooling mode, and a water-oil alternating cooling mode; if it is determined that the cooling mode for the target steel is the water-oil alternating cooling mode, controlling a spraying system to perform a cooling operation on the target steel according to the first temperature interval to obtain a second temperature of the target steel; determining whether the second temperature is within the first temperature interval; when the second temperature is within the first temperature interval, determining to control an oil cooling system to perform a cooling operation on the target steel according to the second temperature interval to obtain a third temperature; determining whether the third temperature is within the second temperature interval; and if it is determined that the third temperature is within the second temperature interval, determining that the target steel has completed the cooling operation.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the material information of the target steel is first obtained, and the first temperature interval and the second temperature interval of water cooling and oil cooling are determined according to the material information. Then, the first temperature of the target steel is obtained in real time by the infrared temperature measuring instrument, and is dynamically compared with the first temperature interval and the second temperature interval to obtain a comparison result. Based on the comparison result, the water cooling mode, the oil cooling mode, and the water-oil alternating cooling mode are dynamically selected. This can solve the problem that the traditional cooling mode is fixed and cannot adapt to material differences. For the high-temperature region, the spraying system is used to quickly reduce the temperature of the steel to the first temperature interval, realizing efficient heat dissipation and reducing the risk of high-temperature oxidation or decarburization. After the temperature of the steel is reduced to the second temperature interval, the oil cooling is switched to slow down the cooling rate, avoiding the increase of organizational stress concentration or brittleness caused by rapid cooling. After cooling, it is determined whether the second temperature after cooling is within the first temperature interval, and whether the third temperature is within the second temperature interval, to ensure that the cooling process meets the expectations. If the second temperature or the third temperature does not meet the requirements, the cooling parameters can be adjusted or the cooling time can be extended in time, which can avoid the performance not meeting the requirements due to insufficient cooling or the cracking risk due to excessive cooling, and ensure the comprehensive performance of the final product.

[0008] Optionally, the spraying system is controlled to cool the target steel according to the first temperature range, specifically including: calculating a Reynolds number corresponding to the target flow medium according to a first formula, the target flow medium including water medium or oil medium; calculating a Prandtl number corresponding to the target flow medium according to a second formula; calculating an internal energy change value corresponding to the internal structure of the target steel according to a third formula; calculating a heat loss value caused by evaporation of the target flow medium according to a fourth formula; obtaining a surface area of the target steel and an ambient temperature, and calculating a heat change value corresponding to the target steel according to the surface area, the first temperature, and the ambient temperature; determining a convective heat transfer coefficient corresponding to the target flow medium according to the Reynolds number, the convective heat transfer coefficient including a laminar flow heat transfer coefficient and a turbulent flow heat transfer coefficient; obtaining a heat exchange area between the target flow medium and the target steel, and obtaining a flow rate corresponding to the target flow medium, and obtaining an average value from the first temperature range; obtaining an initial temperature corresponding to the target flow medium according to the first temperature; calculating a first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flow medium according to the initial temperature, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the first temperature, the average value, the heat change value, the internal energy change value, and the heat loss value; and sending a first temperature adjustment instruction to the spraying system, so as to control the spraying system to adjust the initial temperature to the first cooling temperature, and to cool the target steel according to the first cooling temperature, the initial temperature being a starting temperature corresponding to water in the spraying system.

[0009] By using the above technical solutions, the Reynolds number, the Prandtl number, and the convective heat transfer coefficient are calculated, so that the physical properties and heat exchange capacity of the target flow medium can be accurately understood, and the cooling temperature of the target flow medium can be accurately calculated in combination with the initial temperature of the target flow medium, the heat exchange area, the flow rate, and the average value of the first temperature range, which helps to ensure that the steel reaches the required organization and performance during the cooling process, reduces the thermal stress and deformation of the iron during the cooling process, and improves the quality and dimensional accuracy of the steel product.

[0010] Optionally, the Reynolds number is calculated by the following first formula: ; wherein Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flow medium, p represents the density of the target flow medium, v1 represents the flow rate of the target flow medium, d represents the pipe diameter, and μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flow medium.

[0011] The Prandtl number is calculated by the following second formula: ; wherein Pr represents the Prandtl number of the target flow medium, c1 represents the specific heat capacity of the target flow medium, μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flow medium, and λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flow medium.

[0012] The internal energy change value is calculated by the following third formula: ΔQ1=m*ΔH; wherein ΔQ1 represents the internal energy change value of the target steel, m represents the mass of the target steel, and ΔH represents the heat value absorbed by unit mass of the target steel during phase change.

[0013] The heat loss value of the target flowing medium is calculated by a fourth formula: AQ2=η*M*L; wherein, AQ2 represents the heat loss value of the target flowing medium, η represents the evaporation efficiency of the target flowing medium, M represents the evaporation mass of the target flowing medium, and L represents the heat absorbed by the target flowing medium during conversion; the heat change value is calculated by a formula: ; wherein, AQ3 represents the heat change value of the target steel, represents the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, represents the emissivity of the target steel surface, A1 represents the surface area of the target steel, T1 represents the first temperature of the target steel, T3 represents the ambient temperature, and t represents the cooling time length; the convective heat transfer coefficient is calculated by a formula:

[0014] ; ; wherein, h1 represents the laminar flow heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, h represents the turbulent flow heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flowing medium, d represents the pipe outer diameter, Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flowing medium, and Rr represents the Prandtl number of the target flowing medium;

[0015] The first cooling temperature is calculated by a formula:

[0016] ; wherein, T m represents the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T0 represents the initial temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T1 represents the first temperature of the target steel, T2 represents the average value corresponding to the first temperature interval, c1 represents the specific heat capacity corresponding to the target flowing medium, h represents the convective heat transfer coefficient, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the turbulent flow heat transfer coefficient h2 when the Reynolds number is greater than a preset threshold value, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the laminar flow heat transfer coefficient h1 when the Reynolds number is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, A2 represents the heat exchange area, m represents the mass of the target steel, AQ1 represents the internal energy change value, AQ2 represents the heat loss value, and AQ3 represents the heat change value.

[0017] By using the above technical scheme, the flow state of the target flow medium in the pipeline can be accurately predicted by using the Reynolds number formula, i.e. laminar flow or turbulent flow. The Prandtl number reflects the relative size of the momentum diffusion capacity and the heat diffusion capacity of the fluid, and is an important dimensionless number in heat transfer analysis. The change value of the internal energy of the target steel is calculated, which can comprehensively grasp the energy change of the target steel during the cooling process. The heat loss value of the target flow medium is calculated to avoid the deviation of the cooling temperature caused by the heat loss not being considered. The heat change value of the target steel is calculated to comprehensively consider the heat transfer during the cooling process, so that the cooling temperature is more accurate. By calculating the Prandtl number, the heat transfer characteristics of the fluid can be better understood. According to the size of the Reynolds number, an appropriate convective heat transfer coefficient formula is selected for calculation to more accurately calculate the heat transfer rate between the fluid and the solid surface. Multiple factors such as the initial temperature, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the first temperature of the target steel, the average value of the first temperature interval, the specific heat capacity, the heat transfer area and the mass of the steel, the heat change value of the steel, the internal energy change value and the heat loss of the flow medium are comprehensively considered. The first cooling temperature calculated can accurately reflect the temperature that the target flow medium should reach during the actual cooling process. Based on the accurate first cooling temperature, a temperature adjustment instruction is sent to the spraying system to enable the steel to be cooled according to the predetermined temperature curve during the cooling process, avoiding problems such as uneven steel organization performance and excessive residual stress caused by improper cooling temperature, improving the cooling efficiency and quality, and ensuring the comprehensive performance of the final product.

[0018] Optionally, after sending the first temperature adjustment instruction to the spraying system to control the spraying system to adjust the initial temperature to the first cooling temperature and performing the cooling operation on the target steel according to the first cooling temperature, the method further comprises: obtaining the target temperature of the target steel at multiple time points to obtain a temperature change curve; calculating the temperature difference between the target temperatures corresponding to any two adjacent time points to obtain multiple temperature differences; determining whether the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are both less than a preset temperature threshold, the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference being any two adjacent temperature differences in the multiple temperature differences; when the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are both less than the preset temperature threshold, determining that the cooling speed of the target steel reaches a stable cooling state; obtaining a fourth temperature corresponding to the temperature change curve in the stable cooling state; calculating a second cooling temperature corresponding to the target flow medium according to the first cooling temperature, the fourth temperature, the average value corresponding to the first temperature interval, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the heat change value, the internal energy change value and the heat loss value; generating a second temperature adjustment instruction according to the second cooling temperature, and sending the second temperature adjustment instruction to the spraying system to enable the spraying system to adjust the first cooling temperature to the second cooling temperature and perform cooling control on the target steel according to the second cooling temperature.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the target temperature of the target steel at multiple time points is acquired and a temperature change curve is drawn, so that the temperature change trend of the steel in the cooling process can be intuitively and comprehensively understood; the temperature difference between the target temperatures corresponding to any two adjacent time points is calculated, and it is judged whether any two adjacent temperature differences are less than the preset temperature threshold; when this condition is met, it is determined that the cooling speed of the target steel reaches the stable cooling state; this judgment method can accurately identify the moment when the cooling process enters the stable stage, avoiding inaccurate operation in the unstable cooling stage; after it is determined that the cooling process enters the stable cooling state, the fourth temperature corresponding to the state of the temperature change curve is acquired; the fourth temperature is included in the calculation of the second cooling temperature, so that the calculation result is more in line with the actual cooling demand; the second cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium is calculated according to the first cooling temperature, the fourth temperature, the average value corresponding to the first temperature interval, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the heat change value, the internal energy change value, and the heat loss value, and the like; the calculation method considering multiple factors can more accurately determine the temperature that the flowing medium should reach in the stable cooling state, so as to ensure that the cooling process can be carried out according to the expected cooling curve and improve the accuracy of cooling.

[0020] Optionally, according to the comparison result and the cooling duration, the cooling mode for the target steel is determined, specifically including: acquiring the volume corresponding to the target steel, and acquiring the ambient temperature; according to the cooling duration, the volume, the ambient temperature, and the first temperature, the cooling efficiency corresponding to the target steel is calculated; it is judged whether the cooling efficiency is in a preset first efficiency interval, the preset first efficiency interval being a cooling efficiency interval that can be reached by a water cooling mode; when the cooling efficiency is in the preset first efficiency interval, the cooling mode of the target steel is determined as the water cooling mode;

[0021] When the cooling efficiency is not in the preset first efficiency interval, it is judged whether the cooling efficiency is in a preset second efficiency interval, the preset second efficiency interval being a cooling efficiency interval that can be reached by a water-oil alternating cooling mode; when the cooling efficiency is in the preset second efficiency interval, the cooling mode of the target steel is determined as the water-oil alternating cooling mode; when the cooling efficiency is not in the preset second efficiency interval, it is judged whether the cooling efficiency is in a preset third efficiency interval, the preset third efficiency interval being a cooling efficiency interval that can be reached by an oil cooling mode; when the cooling efficiency is in the preset third efficiency interval, the cooling mode of the target steel is determined as the oil cooling mode.

[0022] By employing the above technical solution, the cooling efficiency is compared with preset efficiency ranges to determine whether to use water cooling, alternating water-oil cooling, or oil cooling. Since different cooling methods have different cooling characteristics, multiple factors are considered when calculating cooling efficiency, including cooling time, the volume of the target steel, ambient temperature, and initial temperature. These factors all affect the cooling process of the target steel. Comprehensive consideration of these factors more accurately reflects the actual situation of the steel during cooling, thus providing a more reliable basis for selecting the cooling method. Precise selection of the cooling method can effectively reduce defects generated during cooling, such as thermal stress cracks and coarse microstructure. A suitable cooling method can make the temperature change of the steel more uniform during cooling, reduce internal stress, reduce the generation of defects, and improve the product qualification rate.

[0023] Optionally, the cooling efficiency can be calculated using the following formula:

[0024] Where E represents cooling efficiency, A2 represents heat exchange area, V represents volume of target steel, T1 represents first temperature, T3 represents ambient temperature, t represents cooling time, P represents density of target steel, a represents constant of ambient fluid, v2 represents velocity of ambient fluid, c2 represents specific heat capacity of target steel, h3 represents natural convection heat transfer coefficient, f(A2,V,K) represents shape correction coefficient of target steel, and K represents irregularity of the shape of target steel.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, a variety of factors affecting the cooling effect are comprehensively considered. The constant and velocity of the ambient fluid are introduced, making the calculation of cooling efficiency closer to the actual cooling environment. The shape correction parameter takes into account the influence of the shape and irregularity of the target steel on the cooling efficiency. Based on the comparison between the calculated cooling efficiency and the efficiency range corresponding to different preset cooling methods, it is possible to scientifically determine which cooling method to use. Precise selection of cooling method can meet the cooling needs of different steels in the processing process.

[0026] Optionally, based on the comparison results and cooling time, the cooling method for the target steel is determined, specifically including: when the first temperature is not in the first temperature range and the first temperature is not in the second temperature range, obtaining a first threshold from the first temperature range, the first threshold being the maximum value in the first temperature range; determining whether the first temperature is greater than the first threshold; when the first temperature is greater than the first threshold, determining whether the cooling time is equal to a preset time; when the cooling time is equal to the preset time, determining that the cooling method for the target steel is a water-oil alternating cooling method.

[0027] By employing the above technical solution, the system first determines whether the target steel's initial temperature falls within a first temperature range and a second temperature range. When the initial temperature exceeds both ranges, it compares the temperature with a first threshold within the first temperature range and considers the cooling time to determine whether to use an alternating water-oil cooling method. This intelligent switching mechanism ensures that the target steel uses the most effective cooling method within a suitable temperature range. The alternating water-oil cooling method combines the advantages of both water and oil cooling media, achieving optimal results at different cooling stages.

[0028] A second aspect of this application provides a temperature control device for steel processing. The device includes an acquisition unit, a processing unit, and a determination unit. The acquisition unit acquires temperature parameters corresponding to a target steel and determines cooling control for the target steel based on the temperature parameters. The target steel is steel in the processing stage. The acquisition unit acquires material information of the target steel and determines a first temperature range and a second temperature range based on the material information. The first temperature range is the cooling temperature range required for water cooling, and the second temperature range is the cooling temperature range required for oil cooling. The minimum value of the first temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the second temperature range. The acquisition unit acquires a first temperature of the target steel and compares the first temperature with the first and second temperature ranges to obtain a comparison result. The first temperature is obtained using infrared thermometry. The instrument scans the target steel to obtain its temperature; the processing unit, based on the comparison results and cooling time, determines the cooling method for the target steel, including water cooling, oil cooling, and alternating water and oil cooling; if the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be alternating water and oil cooling, the spray system is controlled to cool the target steel according to a first temperature range to obtain a second temperature; it is then determined whether the second temperature is within the first temperature range; if the second temperature is within the first temperature range, the oil cooling system is controlled to cool the target steel according to the second temperature range to obtain a third temperature; it is then determined whether the third temperature is within the second temperature range; if the third temperature is determined to be within the second temperature range, the cooling operation for the target steel is determined to be complete.

[0029] In a third aspect, this application provides an electronic device including a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface. The memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory, causing the electronic device to perform any of the methods described above in this application.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, perform any of the methods described above in this application.

[0031] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0032] 1. First, obtain the material information of the target steel and determine the first and second temperature ranges for water cooling and oil cooling based on the material information. Then, use an external thermometer to obtain the first temperature of the target steel in real time and dynamically compare it with the first and second temperature ranges to obtain the comparison results. Based on the comparison results, dynamically select water cooling, oil cooling, or alternating water and oil cooling methods. This solves the problem of traditional cooling methods being fixed and unable to adapt to material differences. For high-temperature areas, a spray system is used to quickly reduce the steel temperature to the first temperature range, achieving efficient heat dissipation and reducing the risk of high-temperature oxidation or decarburization. After the steel temperature drops to the second temperature range, switch to oil cooling to slow down the cooling rate and avoid stress concentration or increased brittleness caused by rapid cooling. After cooling, determine whether the second and third temperatures are within the first temperature range to ensure that the cooling process meets expectations. If the second or third temperature does not meet the standard, the cooling parameters can be adjusted or the cooling time can be extended in time to avoid performance failure due to insufficient cooling or cracking due to over-cooling, ensuring the overall performance of the final product.

[0033] 2. Calculating the Reynolds number, Prandtl number, and convective heat transfer coefficient allows for an accurate understanding of the physical properties and heat transfer capacity of the target flowing medium. By combining the initial temperature, heat transfer area, flow velocity, and average value of the first temperature range of the target flowing medium, the cooling temperature of the target flowing medium can be accurately calculated. This helps ensure that steel achieves the required microstructure and properties during the cooling process, reduces the thermal stress and deformation generated during the cooling process, and improves the quality and dimensional accuracy of steel products. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a temperature control method for steel processing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature control device for steel processing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 201, acquisition unit; 202, processing unit; 203, determination unit; 300, electronic device; 301, processor; 302, memory; 303, user interface; 304, network interface; 305, communication bus. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the words "for example" or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design that is described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Rather, the use of the words "for example" or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple systems means two or more systems, and multiple screen terminals means two or more screen terminals. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0041] In the steel processing process, different application scenarios have different requirements for the size and mechanical properties of products. Different processing techniques are used to process steel raw materials into products that meet technical standards. During hot processing of steel, after heating to the required level, the heated steel needs to be cooled. However, current cooling methods mostly use a fixed method, which cannot meet the cooling requirements of different steels, resulting in performance defects in the cooled products. This application provides a temperature control method for steel processing. During steel cooling, the cooling method is dynamically adjusted according to the actual condition of the steel. By adjusting the cooling method in a timely manner, performance defects due to insufficient cooling or cracking risks due to overcooling can be avoided, ensuring the overall performance of the final product. The technical solution of this application is described in detail below. The temperature control method for steel processing provided in this application is applied to the terminal of processing equipment. The terminal of this application can be a platform providing temperature control services for steel processing. Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a temperature control method for steel processing provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The method includes the following steps S101-S109.

[0042] S101: Obtain the temperature parameters corresponding to the target steel, and determine the cooling control for the target steel based on the temperature parameters.

[0043] In step S101 above, the target steel refers to steel in the hot processing stage. An infrared thermometer is used to scan the target steel during processing to obtain its surface temperature as a temperature parameter. The infrared thermometer can measure the surface temperature of an object non-contactly and is suitable for steel processing in high-temperature environments. For example, if the target steel is undergoing hot rolling, scanning its surface with an infrared thermometer yields a temperature of 850°C.

[0044] Furthermore, after obtaining the temperature parameters corresponding to the target steel, the temperature parameters are judged to determine whether cooling control is required. Specifically, this includes: obtaining the target deformation amount and a first temperature corresponding to the target steel. The target deformation amount is the change in the target structure of the target steel during processing, including its geometric shape and internal structure. The first temperature and target deformation amount are output as temperature parameters. A preset working temperature and preset deformation amount are determined based on the process requirements of the target steel. It is then determined whether the first temperature is greater than or equal to the preset working temperature and whether the target deformation amount is greater than or equal to the preset deformation amount. When both the first temperature and the target deformation amount are greater than or equal to the preset working temperature, cooling control of the target steel is determined.

[0045] Specifically, the target steel undergoes structural changes during processing. This structural change refers to both its geometry and internal structure. The amount of this structural change, known as the target deformation, can be measured using tools such as laser rangefinders or 3D scanners. The deformation can also be monitored in real-time during processing, and the deformation value recorded. The choice of method for obtaining the deformation is based on the specific circumstances and is not limited here. A temperature sensor, such as a thermocouple or infrared thermometer, is used to measure the target steel's temperature in real-time, obtaining a first temperature. This first temperature, along with the target deformation, is output as temperature parameters. For example, during processing, a 3D scanner measures the deformation, yielding a target deformation of 0.5 mm. A thermocouple measures the temperature, obtaining a first temperature of 850°C. The first temperature of 850°C and the target deformation of 0.5 mm are then output as temperature parameters. Finally, the processing requirements of the target steel are analyzed, including material properties, stress-strain states during processing, and the performance requirements of the final product. Based on process requirements, determine the preset working temperature and preset deformation amount. The preset working temperature is the temperature range that the target steel should reach or maintain during processing, and the preset deformation amount is the maximum allowable deformation of the target steel during processing. For example, if the processing technology of the target steel requires plastic deformation at high temperatures and the final product requires high dimensional accuracy, based on process requirements, the preset working temperature is determined to be 800°C to 900°C, and the preset deformation amount is 0.8mm. Obtain the first temperature and target deformation amount from the output temperature parameters. Compare the first temperature with the preset working temperature to determine if the first temperature is greater than or equal to the preset working temperature. Compare the target deformation amount with the preset deformation amount to determine if the target deformation amount is greater than or equal to the preset deformation amount. If it is determined that the first temperature is greater than the preset working temperature and the target deformation amount is greater than or equal to the preset deformation amount, then the hot processing of the target steel is considered to have met the processing requirements, and cooling control of the target steel is determined. Cooling control can be achieved through a spray system, oil cooling system, or other cooling devices. Generate the corresponding cooling control command and send it to the cooling system to execute the cooling operation. In addition, if the first temperature is lower than the preset working temperature, or the target deformation is lower than the preset deformation, the target steel will need to continue to be hot-processed by default. At this time, the target steel has not yet met the hot-processing requirements. Cooling control of the target steel can only be carried out when the first temperature is higher than the preset working temperature and the target deformation is greater than or equal to the preset deformation.

[0046] S102: Obtain the material information of the target steel, and determine the first temperature range and the second temperature range based on the material information. The first temperature range is the cooling temperature range that water cooling needs to reach, and the second temperature range is the cooling temperature range that oil cooling needs to reach.

[0047] In step S102 above, after determining that the target steel needs cooling control, the material information of the target steel, such as steel grade and chemical composition, can be obtained. Based on the core components of the steel, its material can be classified into carbon structural steel, low-alloy high-strength steel, stainless steel, tool steel, and high-temperature alloys, etc. After the target steel undergoes heat treatment, the corresponding temperatures for different steel materials are also different. When controlling the cooling of the target steel, the cooling method is selected based on the current temperature of the steel. Therefore, based on the material information, relevant heat treatment manuals or databases are consulted to determine the first and second temperature ranges corresponding to the steel material. The first temperature range refers to the temperature range to be reached after using water cooling, and the second temperature range refers to the temperature range to be reached after using oil cooling. The database stores the cooling methods used for steels with different material information during historical processing, as well as the corresponding temperature ranges for each cooling method. Typically, the minimum value of the first temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the second temperature range to ensure the distinction between water cooling and oil cooling.

[0048] For example, if the target steel is carbon structural steel, after consulting the manual, its first temperature range is determined to be 250°C to 150°C, which is the temperature range reached after cooling with water. The second temperature range is 50°C to 140°C, which is the temperature range reached after cooling with oil. Different material information corresponds to different first and second temperature ranges. It is necessary to select the first and second temperature ranges that match the material information.

[0049] S103: Obtain the first temperature of the target steel, compare the first temperature with the first temperature range and the second temperature range, and obtain the comparison result.

[0050] In the above S103, after scanning the target steel with an infrared thermometer to obtain the first temperature, the first temperature refers to the current temperature of the target steel. Then, the first temperature is compared with the first temperature range and the second temperature range to determine which range the first temperature is located in or whether it is outside the two ranges.

[0051] S104: Based on the comparison results and cooling time, determine the cooling method for the target steel.

[0052] In S104 above, the cooling method for the target steel is determined based on the comparison results and cooling time. The cooling time is determined based on the heat treatment process requirements, and the cooling methods include water cooling, oil cooling, and alternating water-oil cooling. Water cooling means that water is used for cooling throughout the entire cooling process; oil cooling means that oil is used for cooling throughout the entire cooling process; and alternating water-oil cooling means that both water and oil are used in the entire cooling process. First, water is used to rapidly cool the target steel to a certain intermediate temperature, and then it is slowly cooled using oil.

[0053] Furthermore, based on the comparison results and cooling time, the cooling method for the target steel is determined, specifically including: obtaining the volume of the target steel and the ambient temperature; calculating the cooling efficiency of the target steel based on the cooling time, volume, ambient temperature, and a first temperature; determining whether the cooling efficiency is within a preset first efficiency range, which is the cooling efficiency range achievable by water cooling; when the cooling efficiency is within the preset first efficiency range, the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be water cooling; when the cooling efficiency is not within the preset first efficiency range, determining whether the cooling efficiency is within a preset second efficiency range, which is the cooling efficiency range achievable by alternating water and oil cooling, and the preset first efficiency range is greater than the preset second efficiency range; when the cooling efficiency is within the preset second efficiency range, the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be alternating water and oil cooling; when the cooling efficiency is not within the preset second efficiency range, determining whether the cooling efficiency is within a preset third efficiency range, which is the cooling efficiency range achievable by oil cooling, and the preset second efficiency range is greater than the preset third efficiency range; when the cooling efficiency is within the preset third efficiency range, the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be oil cooling.

[0054] Specifically, the volume can be obtained based on the geometry of the target steel. Different geometric shapes can be calculated using corresponding geometric volume formulas, such as cuboids and cylinders. The volume of a cuboid is V = length * width * height, and the volume of a cylinder is V = πr. 2 h, where r is the base radius and h is the height. If the target steel has an irregular shape, 3D scanning technology can be used to scan the surface of the target steel, and then the volume can be calculated using 3D modeling software. Temperature sensors are installed beforehand in the cooling environment where the target steel is located. These sensors can measure the ambient temperature in real time and transmit the ambient temperature data. When calculating the cooling efficiency of the target steel based on the cooling time, volume, ambient temperature, and initial temperature, the formula for calculating the cooling efficiency is first determined, and the cooling efficiency is calculated using the following formula: Where E represents cooling efficiency, which is the ratio of heat transferred to the total heat of the target steel during cooling, measuring the cooling effect; A2 represents heat exchange area; V represents the volume of the target steel; T1 represents the first temperature; T3 represents the ambient temperature; t represents the cooling time; P represents the density of the target steel; a represents the constant of the ambient fluid; v2 represents the velocity of the ambient fluid; c2 represents the specific heat capacity of the target steel; h3 represents the natural convection heat transfer coefficient; f(A2,V,K) represents the shape correction coefficient of the target steel; K represents the irregularity of the shape of the target steel; V represents the volume of the target steel; the heat exchange area A2 can be obtained by measuring the surface area of ​​the target steel; the cooling time t refers to the time required according to the process requirements of the target steel; the first temperature T1 can be obtained by measuring the surface temperature of the target steel with an infrared thermometer; the specific heat capacity c2 of the target steel can be found in the relevant material handbook according to the material of the target steel; and the natural convection heat transfer coefficient h3 can be obtained by experimental measurement. The shape correction factor f(A2,V,K) can be obtained by establishing a database of shape correction factors for steels of different shapes and degrees of irregularity through experiments or numerical simulations, and then looking it up from the database based on the specific shape and degree of irregularity K of the target steel; alternatively, it can be calculated based on a specific mathematical model. The formula for calculating the cooling efficiency mentioned above is obtained by converting the following formula: Formula decomposition: Part 1, convective heat transfer formula: D=h4*A2*(T1-T3)*t, where h4 represents the heat transfer coefficient, taking into account the effects of natural convection and forced convection, A2 represents the heat transfer area, T1-T3 represents the temperature difference driving force, and t represents the cooling time.

[0055] The second part is the heat storage formula for the target steel: D=m*c2, where m represents the mass of the target steel, which can be measured by weighing equipment, m=PV, and C2 represents the specific heat capacity of the target steel.

[0056] In the improved section, the heat transfer coefficient h4 = h3 + a * v2, where h3 represents the heat transfer coefficient of natural convection, av2 is the forced convection term related to the fluid velocity v2, and the shape correction coefficient f(A2,V,K) considers the influence of the shape and irregularity K of the target steel on the cooling efficiency. Therefore, by introducing the calculation formulas obtained from the first part, the second part, and the improved section, the cooling efficiency of the target steel under specific conditions can be accurately quantified, making the calculation results more accurate.

[0057] The application scenario of this implementation involves hot processing of target steel. After hot processing to a certain extent, cooling is required. However, during the cooling process, the required cooling efficiency of the target steel needs to be calculated, and then a suitable cooling method is selected based on the cooling efficiency. The cooling efficiency calculation not only considers parameters related to heat, but also the shape and irregularity of the target steel, i.e., the shape correction coefficient. The following experimental results show that the shape and irregularity of the target steel will affect the cooling efficiency. Therefore, this embodiment considers incorporating the shape correction coefficient into the above calculation formula.

[0058] The relationship between the changes in various parameters of the shape correction factor and the target steel cooling efficiency was determined based on the following five sets of experiments: In experimental group 1, A2 = 2.0m 2 V=0.040m 3 K=1, this is the baseline group, assuming the target steel is a regular body (such as a standard plate or regular cylinder), with a moderate surface area A2, a medium volume V, and an extremely regular shape (K=1.00), used for subsequent comparison. In experimental group 2, A2=1.8m 2 V=0.040m 3 With K=1.2, the volume V remains constant, the surface area A2 is slightly reduced, and the irregularity coefficient K is increased to 1.2 (e.g., due to surface protrusions or holes). Experiment 3 then demonstrates the inhibitory effect of irregularities on cooling efficiency. In Experiment 3, A2=2.5m. 2 V=0.080m 3 K=1, for large-volume, large-surface-area regular bodies (such as large steel plates), used to analyze the change in cooling efficiency after geometric scaling. In experimental group 4, A2=2.0m. 2 V=0.040m 3 With K=1.5, the irregularity coefficient K was significantly increased compared to experimental group 1 to test the cooling efficiency of highly irregular bodies. In experimental group 5, A2=2.0m. 2 V=0.040m 3 With K=2, the irregularity coefficient was increased to an extreme degree (K=2) based on experimental group 1 to test the cooling efficiency limit of the high-complexity structure.

[0059] The above experiments show that, for the same volume, a larger surface area and a more regular shape result in a higher calculated cooling efficiency, because more surface area is in contact with the medium. For the same surface area, increasing the volume V decreases the calculated cooling efficiency. With constant surface area and volume, increasing K significantly decreases E, indicating lower cooling efficiency for irregular bodies (such as porous or complex parts). Large volumes or highly irregular shapes exhibit low cooling efficiency. Therefore, the above experimental results confirm that the shape and degree of irregularity K of the target steel significantly affect the cooling efficiency.

[0060] For example, the target steel has a first temperature T1 = 200℃ = 473.15K, an ambient temperature T3 = 20℃ = 293.15K, and a density P = 7850 kg / m³. 3 The volume of the target steel is V = 1m³ 3 The target steel has a specific heat capacity of c2 = 500 J / (kg·K) and a heat exchange area of ​​A2 = 2 m². 2 The convective heat transfer coefficient h3 = 10 W / (m³) 2 .K), cooling time t=60s, ambient fluid constant a=5W / m 2 Given an ambient fluid velocity v2 = 2 m / s, and assuming the target steel has a simple geometric shape with a constant correction factor, the shape correction factor f(A2,V,K) = 1.2, substitute these parameters into the cooling efficiency calculation formula to calculate the cooling efficiency E. The calculation formula is as follows: Substitute numerical values ​​into the calculation:

[0061] First, calculate the heat transfer coefficient h4 = h3 + av2, then substitute the values ​​into h4 = 10 + 5 * 2 = 20 W / (m²). 2 .K), then calculate the mass of the steel m=PV, substitute the value m=7850*0.01=78.5kg (0.01 is obtained by converting the volume unit), then calculate the cooling efficiency E, the calculation formula is: Substituting the data, h4 = 20W / (m 2 .K), A2=2m 2 Given T1-T3=180K, t=60s, m=78.5kg, c=500J / kg, calculate E=(20*2*180*60) / 78.5*500=11. Then, introduce the shape correction parameter f(A2,V,K)=1.2, E1=E*f(A2,V,K)=11*1.2=13.2w, and finally the cooling efficiency is 13.2w.

[0062] After obtaining the cooling efficiency for the target steel using the cooling efficiency calculation formula, the calculated cooling efficiency is compared with a preset first efficiency range. This preset first efficiency range is the range of cooling efficiencies achievable by water cooling, determined through experiments or theoretical analysis. When the cooling efficiency falls within this preset first efficiency range, water cooling is selected for the target steel. The control system sends a start command to the water cooling system, which then begins operation to cool the target steel. A water cooling system typically includes a water pump, water pipes, and nozzles. The water pump delivers water to the nozzles, which spray the water onto the surface of the target steel for rapid cooling. In the example above, with E=13.2, the preset first efficiency range can be defined as [10.1-20]. Since the cooling efficiency falls within this range, the water cooling system is activated to cool the target steel using water cooling.

[0063] Furthermore, when the cooling efficiency is not within the preset first efficiency range, it is compared with the preset second efficiency range. The preset second efficiency range is a pre-determined range of cooling efficiencies achievable by the water-oil alternating cooling method. When the cooling efficiency falls within the preset second efficiency range, the water-oil alternating cooling method is selected for the target steel. The water-oil alternating cooling system typically consists of a water cooling subsystem and an oil cooling subsystem, with the alternating spraying time and sequence of water and oil controlled by a control system. For example, if another calculated cooling efficiency E=7.8, the preset second efficiency range can be set to [4.1-10]. Since 7.8 is within the preset second efficiency range, the water-oil alternating cooling method is selected for the target steel. The water-oil alternating cooling method refers to spraying water for a period of time, then stopping the water spraying and spraying oil for a period of time, and so on.

[0064] Furthermore, when the cooling efficiency is neither within the preset first efficiency range nor the preset second efficiency range, it is determined whether the cooling efficiency is within the preset third efficiency range. The preset third efficiency range is a pre-determined range of cooling efficiencies achievable by the oil cooling method. If the cooling efficiency is within the preset third efficiency range, the target steel is determined to be cooled by oil cooling. The control system sends a start command to the oil cooling system, and the oil cooling system begins operation. The oil cooling system typically includes equipment such as an oil pump, oil pipes, and nozzles. The oil pump delivers oil to the nozzles, and the nozzles spray the oil onto the surface of the target steel to achieve cooling. For example, if the calculated cooling efficiency E=2.3, the preset third efficiency range can be defined as [0-4]. In this case, the cooling efficiency is within the preset third efficiency range, and it is determined that oil cooling is required for the target steel. The control system starts the oil cooling system, and oil is sprayed from the nozzles to cool the target steel. During cooling, water cooling typically has the highest cooling efficiency because water has a high thermal conductivity and can quickly remove heat. Oil cooling has a relatively low cooling efficiency because oil has a lower thermal conductivity than water. Alternating water and oil cooling has a cooling efficiency between the two, and it varies depending on the alternation time and ratio. Specifically, the first preset efficiency range is greater than the second preset efficiency range, and the second preset efficiency range is greater than the third preset efficiency range.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the cooling method for the target steel is determined based on the comparison results and cooling time. Specifically, this includes: when the first temperature is not within a first temperature range and not within a second temperature range, obtaining a first threshold value from the first temperature range, where the first threshold value is the maximum value within the first temperature range; determining whether the first temperature is greater than the first threshold value; when the first temperature is greater than the first threshold value, determining whether the cooling time is greater than or equal to a preset time; and when the cooling time is greater than or equal to the preset time, determining that the cooling method for the target steel is an alternating water-oil cooling method. Specifically, the ranges of the first and second temperature ranges are first defined. For example, the first temperature range can be set to 150°C to 250°C, and the second temperature range can be set to 500°C to 140°C. The current first temperature of the target steel is obtained, and then it is determined whether the first temperature falls within the first or second temperature range. In the above example, the current first temperature of the target steel is 260°C. This first temperature is compared with both the first temperature range and the second temperature range. 260°C is neither within the 150°C to 250°C (first temperature range) nor within the 50°C to 1400°C (second temperature range). Based on the setting of the first temperature range, a first threshold is determined. The first threshold is the maximum value within the first temperature range, directly read from the first temperature range as the first threshold. The current first temperature of the target steel is compared with the first threshold. For example, if the current first temperature of the target steel is 260°C and the first threshold is 250°C, the first temperature is greater than the first threshold. The cooling time required to cool the target steel is determined according to process requirements. This cooling time is then compared with a preset time, which refers to the time required for cooling using an alternating water-oil cooling method. When the first temperature is greater than the first threshold and the cooling time equals the preset time, the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be alternating water-oil cooling. For example, if the cooling time is 2 minutes and the preset time is 1 minute, the preset time refers to the time taken after cooling using the water-oil cooling method. At this time, it can be determined that the target steel will be cooled by alternating water and oil cooling.

[0066] Furthermore, when the first temperature is less than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined whether the first temperature is greater than the second threshold, which is the maximum value in the second temperature range. When the first temperature is greater than the second threshold, it is determined whether the cooling time is less than a preset time. When the cooling time is less than the preset time, the cooling method of the target steel is determined to be water cooling. When the cooling time is greater than the preset time, the cooling method of the target steel is determined to be oil cooling. Specifically, the current temperature of the target steel, i.e., the first temperature, is measured in real time by a temperature sensor. A first threshold is determined based on the first temperature range, where the first threshold is the maximum value in the first temperature range. The first temperature is compared with the first threshold to determine whether the first temperature is less than or equal to the first threshold. When the first temperature is less than or equal to the first threshold, a second threshold is determined based on the second temperature range, where the second threshold is the maximum value in the second temperature range. Under the premise that the first temperature is less than or equal to the first threshold, the first temperature is compared with the second threshold to determine whether the first temperature is greater than the second threshold. For example, if the first temperature is 145℃ and the first threshold is 250℃, the first temperature is less than the first threshold, and the second threshold is 140℃, meaning the first temperature is greater than the second threshold. When the first temperature exceeds the second threshold, the cooling time is compared with the preset time to determine if the cooling time is less than the preset time. Since the preset time refers to the duration required for cooling using an alternating water and oil cooling method, if the cooling time is less than the preset time, water cooling is selected for the target steel because it is faster than oil cooling. For example, if the cooling time is 50 seconds and the preset time is 1 minute, water cooling is chosen because the cooling time is less than the preset time. If the cooling time exceeds the preset time, oil cooling is selected because it is slower.

[0067] S105: If the cooling method of the target steel is determined to be water-oil alternating cooling, then control the spray system to perform cooling operation on the target steel according to the first temperature range to obtain the second temperature of the target steel.

[0068] In step S105 above, after determining the cooling method corresponding to the target steel by comparing the results and cooling time, if the cooling method is water-oil alternating cooling, the spray system is activated, using water as the cooling medium to spray and cool the target steel. The flow rate, pressure, and spray time of the spray system are controlled to ensure that the temperature of the target steel can be reduced to near the lower limit of the first temperature range at a preset rate. During or after cooling, an infrared thermometer is used to scan the target steel again to obtain its second temperature.

[0069] Furthermore, the spray system controls the cooling operation of the target steel according to the first temperature range, specifically including: calculating the Reynolds number corresponding to the target flowing medium according to the first formula, the target flowing medium including water or oil; calculating the Prandtl number corresponding to the target flowing medium according to the second formula; calculating the internal energy change value corresponding to the internal structure of the target steel according to the third formula; calculating the heat loss value caused by the evaporation of the target flowing medium according to the fourth formula; obtaining the surface area and ambient temperature of the target steel, and calculating the heat change value corresponding to the target steel based on the surface area, the first temperature, and the ambient temperature; determining the convective heat transfer coefficient corresponding to the target flowing medium according to the Reynolds number, the convective heat transfer coefficient including... The laminar and turbulent heat transfer coefficients are calculated; the heat transfer area between the target flowing medium and the target steel is obtained, and the flow velocity of the target flowing medium is obtained, with an average value obtained from the first temperature range; the initial temperature of the target flowing medium is obtained based on the first temperature; the first cooling temperature of the target flowing medium is calculated based on the initial temperature, convective heat transfer coefficient, first temperature, average value, heat change value, internal energy change value, and heat loss value; a first temperature adjustment command is sent to the spray system to control the spray system to adjust the initial temperature to the first cooling temperature, and to perform cooling operation on the target steel based on the first cooling temperature, wherein the initial temperature is the starting temperature of the water in the spray system.

[0070] Specifically, if a spray system is used to cool the target steel, the water in the spray system will be the target flowing medium. If an oil cooling system is used, the oil in the oil cooling system will be the target flowing medium. Therefore, the target flowing medium is determined based on the current cooling method of the target steel. Since a spray system is currently used to cool the target steel, the initial temperature for water cooling is determined based on a first temperature. After setting the water to the initial temperature, cooling of the target steel begins. After cooling the target steel at the initial temperature, the target steel is monitored in real time, allowing for dynamic adjustment of the target flowing medium temperature. This ensures that the temperature of the target flowing medium adjusts according to the cooling progress of the target steel, avoiding poor cooling effects due to a fixed target flowing medium temperature. The current cooling temperature of the target flowing medium can be determined using the following cooling temperature calculation formula (in this case, water). The Reynolds number of the target flowing medium is then calculated using the first formula: Where Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flowing medium, p represents the density of the target flowing medium, v1 represents the flow velocity of the target flowing medium, d represents the pipe diameter, and μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flowing medium. For water or oil media, the density p and dynamic viscosity μ can be obtained by consulting relevant manuals or using measuring instruments. The flow velocity v can be measured by a flow meter, and the pipe diameter d is a known design parameter. Since water media are sprayed onto the target steel for cooling through pipes, while oil media can also be transported to the target steel through pipes and then poured or sprayed onto the target steel. For example, assuming the target flowing medium is water, with a density p = 1000 kg / m3, a dynamic viscosity μ = 0.001 Pa·s, a flow velocity v1 = 2 m / s, and a pipe diameter d = 0.05 m, the Reynolds number can be calculated using the first formula: Re = (1000 * 2 * 0.05) / 0.001 = 100000.

[0071] Next, calculate the Prandtl number corresponding to the target flowing medium using the second formula. The Prandtl number can be calculated using the following second formula: Where Pr represents the Prandtl number of the target flowing medium, c1 represents the specific heat capacity of the target flowing medium, μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flowing medium, and λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flowing medium; the specific heat capacity c and the thermal conductivity λ can be obtained by consulting relevant manuals or using measuring instruments. For example, assuming the specific heat capacity of water is c1 = 4186 J / (kg·K), the dynamic viscosity μ = 0.001 Pa·s, and the thermal conductivity λ = 0.6 W / (m·K), the Prandtl number can be calculated by substituting these parameters into the second formula: Rr = (4182 * 0.001) / 0.6 = 6.977.

[0072] Next, determine the convective heat transfer coefficient corresponding to the target flowing medium based on the Reynolds number. The convective heat transfer coefficient includes laminar and turbulent heat transfer coefficients. The flow state (laminar or turbulent) can be determined based on the Reynolds number. Generally, when the Reynolds number is greater than a preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is a turbulent heat transfer coefficient; when the Reynolds number is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is a laminar heat transfer coefficient. The preset threshold is a critical value that can be set based on historical data. Select the corresponding convective heat transfer coefficient formula according to the flow state. The convective heat transfer coefficient can be calculated using the following formula:

[0073] ; Where h1 represents the laminar heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, h represents the turbulent heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flowing medium, d represents the outer diameter of the pipe, Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flowing medium, and Rr represents the Prandtl number of the target flowing medium. For example, if the Reynolds number Re = 100,000, and the preset threshold is set to 2300, the Reynolds number is greater than the preset threshold, and the convective heat transfer coefficient is determined to be the turbulent heat transfer coefficient. The turbulent heat transfer coefficient is used to calculate h2 = 0.023 * (0.6 / 0.05) * 100,000. 0.8 *6.977 0.4 =1200w.

[0074] At high temperatures, phase transformation or other internal structural changes (such as grain rearrangement) in the target steel lead to the absorption or release of heat. The change in internal energy is calculated using the following third formula: ΔQ1 = m * ΔH; where ΔQ1 represents the change in internal energy of the target steel, m represents the mass of the target steel (which can be measured), and ΔH represents the heat absorbed per unit mass of the target steel during the phase transformation. The heat absorbed or released during the phase transformation can be monitored to obtain the heat value. For example, if the mass of the target steel is m = 100 kg, and no phase transformation occurs, the phase transformation heat ΔH = 0 J / kg, then the change in internal energy ΔQ1 is calculated using the third formula as 1000 * 0 = 0 J.

[0075] When the target cooling medium (such as water or oil) evaporates, it absorbs a large amount of heat. The heat loss value is calculated using the following fourth formula: ΔQ2 = η * M * L; where ΔQ2 represents the heat loss value of the target flowing medium, η represents the evaporation efficiency of the target flowing medium, M represents the evaporation mass of the target flowing medium, and L represents the heat absorbed by the target flowing medium during the conversion. The evaporation efficiency and evaporation mass of the target flowing medium, as well as the heat absorbed during evaporation, are obtained by measurement. For example, if the target flowing medium is water, the evaporation efficiency of water is η = 0.8, and the evaporation mass is M = 0.2 kg, the heat absorbed during evaporation is L = 2260 J / kg. The heat loss value ΔQ2 is calculated using the fourth formula: ΔQ2 = 0.8 * 0.2 * 2260 * 10. 3 =361600J.

[0076] During the high-temperature cooling process, radiative heat transfer cannot be ignored. The change in heat can be calculated using the following formula: Where ΔQ3 represents the change in heat of the target steel, This represents the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, which is 5.67 × 10⁻⁶. -8 W / m 2 k 4 ; The surface emissivity of the target steel is represented by A1, the surface area of ​​the target steel is A1, the initial temperature of the target steel is T1, the ambient temperature is T3, and the cooling time is t. The surface area A1, initial temperature T1, and ambient temperature T3 of the target steel can be obtained by measurement. For example, the surface area of ​​the target steel is A1 = 1.5 m². 2 First temperature T1 = 200℃ = 473.15K, ambient temperature T3 = 20℃ = 293.15K, cooling time t = 60s, emissivity =0.7, =5.67*10 -8 W / m 2 k 4 Substituting the parameters into the formula for calculating the heat change, ΔQ3 = 5.67 * 10 -8 *0.7*1.5*(473.15 4 -293.15 4 ) * 60 = 1.21 * 10 6 J. Obtain the heat exchange area between the target flowing medium and the target steel, and obtain the flow velocity of the target flowing medium. Take the average value from the first temperature range. The heat exchange area can be obtained through actual measurement, and the flow velocity v can be obtained through a flow meter. Obtaining the average value from the first temperature range allows you to obtain the maximum and minimum values ​​within that range. Then, calculate the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​and output this average value as the average value of the first temperature range. For example, the heat exchange area A2 = 1.5m². 2 The flow velocity v1 = 2 m / s (already used for Reynolds number calculation), and the average value of the first temperature range is T2 = 110°C = 383.15 K.

[0077] The initial temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium is obtained based on the first temperature. When water cooling in water-oil alternating cooling is used to cool the target steel, the starting temperature of the water in the spray system, i.e. the initial temperature, is determined based on the first temperature. The initial temperature can be set according to the process requirements.

[0078] Finally, the initial temperature, convective heat transfer coefficient, first temperature, average value, heat change value, internal energy change value, and heat loss value are obtained and calculated to obtain the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flow medium. The first cooling temperature can be calculated using the following formula: Among them, T mT0 represents the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T1 represents the initial temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T2 represents the first temperature of the target steel, T1 represents the average value corresponding to the first temperature range, c1 represents the specific heat capacity corresponding to the target flowing medium, h represents the convective heat transfer coefficient, when the Reynolds number is greater than the preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the turbulent heat transfer coefficient h2, when the Reynolds number is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the laminar heat transfer coefficient h1, A2 represents the heat transfer area, m represents the mass of the target steel, ΔQ1 represents the internal energy change value, ΔQ2 represents the heat loss value, and ΔQ3 represents the heat change value.

[0079] For example, substitute the parameters obtained in the above steps into the formula to calculate the first cooling temperature T. m The target steel has a first temperature T1 = 200℃ = 473.15K, a convective heat transfer coefficient h = h2 = 1200W, and a heat transfer area A2 = 1.5m². 2 The average value of the first temperature range is T2 = 110℃ = 383.15K, the initial temperature is T0 = 20℃ = 293.15K, c1 = 4186J, m = 100kg, ΔQ1 = 0J, ΔQ2 = 361600J, and ΔQ3 = 1.21 * 10 6 J, calculate the first cooling temperature T m =293.15 - (1200 * 1.5 (473.15 - 383.15)) / 4186 * 100 + (1.21 * 10 6 (+0) / 4186*100-(361600 / 4186*100)=293.15-0.387+2.90-0.865=294.80K. Then convert 294.80K to degrees Celsius: Tm=294.80-273.15=21.65℃.

[0080] After obtaining the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target steel, the control system sends a first temperature adjustment command to the spray system, adjusting the initial temperature of the water in the spray system to the first cooling temperature. Based on the received command, the spray system adjusts its operating parameters (such as valve opening and water pump flow rate) to adjust the water temperature from the initial temperature to the first cooling temperature and begins cooling the target steel. For example, the control system sends a command to the spray system to set the first cooling temperature to 21.65°C. The spray system adjusts its operating parameters to gradually reduce the water temperature from 25°C to 21.65°C and begins spray cooling the target steel. During the cooling process, an infrared thermometer scans the target steel again to obtain a second temperature, which refers to the temperature at which the target steel is being spray-cooled.

[0081] In one possible implementation, after determining that a cooling operation will be performed on the target steel, the current temperature of the target steel needs to be monitored continuously. When the cooling rate of the target steel reaches a stable cooling state, it can be assumed that the first cooling temperature is insufficient to meet the cooling requirements of the target steel. The cooling temperature of the target flowing medium needs to be recalculated, and then dynamically adjusted to match the cooling requirements of the target steel. Specifically, this includes: acquiring the target temperature of the target steel at multiple time points to obtain a temperature change curve; calculating the temperature difference between any two adjacent target temperatures to obtain multiple temperature differences; and determining whether both the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are less than a preset temperature. The threshold, the first temperature difference, and the second temperature difference are any two adjacent temperature differences from a plurality of temperature differences; when both the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are less than the preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the cooling rate of the target steel has reached a stable cooling state; the fourth temperature corresponding to the temperature change curve in the stable cooling state is obtained; based on the first cooling temperature, the fourth temperature, the average value corresponding to the first temperature range, and the convective heat transfer coefficient, the second cooling temperature corresponding to the target flow medium is calculated; a second temperature adjustment command is generated based on the second cooling temperature, and the second temperature adjustment command is sent to the spray system so that the spray system adjusts the first cooling temperature to the second cooling temperature, and performs cooling control on the target steel based on the second cooling temperature.

[0082] Specifically, when the target flowing medium is adjusted to a first cooling temperature and the target steel is cooled using this temperature, temperature measuring devices such as thermocouples and infrared thermometers are used to measure the temperature of the target steel at multiple preset time points during the cooling process. The temperature value measured at each time point is recorded, forming a series of time-temperature data points. A temperature change curve can be plotted based on the recorded time-temperature data points using plotting software or programming tools. For example, at 0 seconds, 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 40 seconds, and 50 seconds, the temperatures of the target steel are 350°C, 310°C, 270°C, 250°C, 220°C, and 210°C, respectively. These data points are recorded, and a temperature change curve is plotted. For any two adjacent time points on the temperature change curve, the difference between their corresponding target temperatures is calculated. The temperature difference between each adjacent time point is recorded. For example, calculate the temperature difference between adjacent time points: 350℃-310℃=40℃, 310℃-270℃=40℃, 270℃-250℃=20℃, 250℃-220℃=30℃, 220℃-210℃=10℃. Based on process requirements or experience, set a preset temperature threshold, which can be set to 10°C. Randomly select two adjacent temperature differences from the recorded values ​​(the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference) and compare whether they are both less than the preset temperature threshold. If two consecutive adjacent temperature differences are both less than the preset temperature threshold, the cooling rate of the target steel is considered to have reached a stable cooling state. For example, at two consecutive time points, such as the 50th second and the 60th second, if the temperature at the 60th second is 202℃, the difference is 8℃. The first temperature difference is 10℃, and the second temperature difference is also 8℃. Since both the first and second temperature differences are less than the preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the cooling rate of the target steel has reached a stable cooling state. The fourth temperature is obtained by reading the target steel temperature under steady-state cooling conditions from the temperature change curve. For example, under steady-state cooling conditions (such as at the 50th and 60th seconds), the target steel temperature is 210°C and 202°C, respectively. 202°C can be used as the fourth temperature. Then, using the formula for calculating the first cooling temperature, the first cooling temperature, the fourth temperature, the average value of the first temperature range, and the convective heat transfer coefficient are substituted into the formula to calculate the second flow temperature corresponding to the target flow medium. For example, the first temperature of the target steel is T1 = 202°C = 475.15K, the convective heat transfer coefficient is h = h2 = 1200W, and the heat transfer area is A2 = 1.5m². 2The average value of the first temperature range is T2 = 110℃ = 383.15K, the initial temperature is T0 = 21.65℃ = 294.80K, c1 = 4186J, m = 100kg, and the corresponding internal energy change value of the target steel is obtained as ΔQ1 = 5J, the heat loss value is ΔQ2 = 361600J, and ΔQ3 = 1.21 * 10 6 J, at this point, calculate the first cooling temperature T. m =294.80 - (1200 * 1.5 (475.15 - 383.15)) / 4186 * 100 + (1.21 * 10 6 +5) / 4186*100-(361600 / 4186*100)=294.80-0.395+14.83-0.863=308.37K, then convert 308.37K to Celsius (T). m =308.37-275.15=33.2℃. Based on the calculated second cooling temperature, a second temperature adjustment command is generated and sent to the spray system via a control system (such as PLC, DCS, etc.). Upon receiving the command, the spray system adjusts its operating parameters (such as valve opening, water pump flow rate, etc.) to adjust the first cooling temperature to the second cooling temperature. The spray system then controls the cooling of the target steel according to the adjusted cooling temperature. If either the first temperature difference or the second temperature difference is not less than a preset temperature threshold, it is confirmed that the cooling rate of the target steel has not reached a stable cooling state. The temperature change of the target steel continues to be monitored until it is confirmed that the cooling rate has reached a stable cooling state. Then, the corresponding fourth temperature of the target steel is re-acquired, and the second cooling temperature is calculated using the above formula. This second cooling temperature is then sent to the spray system so that the spray system adjusts the water temperature from the first cooling temperature to the second cooling temperature.

[0083] S106: Determine whether the second temperature is within the first temperature range.

[0084] In S106 above, after obtaining the second temperature corresponding to the target steel, the second temperature is compared with the first temperature range to determine whether the second temperature is within the first temperature range.

[0085] For example, if the second temperature is 180°C and the first temperature range is 150°C to 250°C, it is determined whether 180°C is between 150°C and 250°C. Since 180°C is within the first temperature range, it is determined that water cooling of the target steel has reached the temperature requirement required for water cooling. That is, the first temperature range can be understood as the temperature range that the target steel needs to be cooled to after water cooling. Thus, it is determined to end water cooling in the water-oil alternating cooling method.

[0086] S107: When the second temperature is within the first temperature range, determine that the control oil cooling system performs cooling operation on the target steel according to the second temperature range to obtain the third temperature.

[0087] In step S107 above, after confirming that the second temperature is within the first temperature range, the water cooling in the water-oil alternating cooling method is confirmed to be finished, and the spray system is shut down. The oil cooling system is started, and the target steel is immersed in oil or cooled using an oil spray system. The third cooling temperature is determined based on the second temperature. Here, the third cooling temperature refers to the initial temperature of the oil medium when the target steel is oil-cooled. The third cooling temperature can be determined according to the actual process requirements. The fourth cooling temperature is then calculated by referring to the method for calculating the first cooling temperature described above. It is only necessary to obtain the second temperature, the third cooling temperature, the average value corresponding to the second temperature range, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the target steel, and then calculate the fourth cooling temperature according to the above formula. Since the calculation process is similar to the calculation process of the first cooling temperature, only the values ​​of the corresponding parameters are changed, it will not be elaborated here. Based on the fourth cooling temperature obtained above, a temperature adjustment command is sent to the oil cooling system so that the oil cooling system adjusts the oil medium from the third cooling temperature to the fourth cooling temperature, and then continues to cool the target steel according to the fourth cooling temperature. During the cooling process, the target steel is scanned again using an infrared thermometer to obtain its third temperature.

[0088] Furthermore, when the second temperature is not within the first temperature range, the spray system continues to be used to cool the target steel until the second temperature of the target steel is within the first temperature range, at which point the spray system is stopped from being used to cool the target steel.

[0089] For example, an oil spray system is used to cool the target steel. After a period of time, an infrared thermometer scans the surface and obtains a third temperature of 130°C.

[0090] S108: Determine whether the third temperature is within the second temperature range.

[0091] In step S108 above, the third temperature is then compared with the second temperature range to determine whether the third temperature is within the second temperature range. For example, if the third temperature is 130℃ and the second temperature range is 50℃-140℃, then 130℃ is within the second temperature range.

[0092] S109: If the third temperature is determined to be within the second temperature range, then the target steel has been determined to have completed the cooling operation.

[0093] In step S109 above, once it is confirmed that the third temperature is within the second temperature range, and the oil cooling in the water-oil alternating cooling method is complete, the oil cooling system can be shut off. At this point, the water-oil alternating cooling method for the target steel has ended, confirming that the cooling operation for the target steel has been completed. The target steel can then be removed for further processing. If the third temperature is not within the second temperature range, the oil cooling system continues to cool the target steel until the third temperature of the target steel falls within the second temperature range, at which point the oil cooling system is stopped.

[0094] This embodiment focuses on the cooling control of the target steel after the hot processing stage. During the cooling process, the cooling method is dynamically selected based on the material information of the target steel and the cooling time, solving the problem that traditional fixed cooling methods cannot adapt to material differences. When selecting a suitable cooling method to cool the target steel, the required cooling temperature can be accurately calculated based on the temperature of the target steel, the initial temperature of the cooling medium, the heat exchange area, the flow rate, and the average value. The temperature of the target steel is monitored in real time at various time points during the cooling process to determine whether the target steel has reached a stable cooling state. After determining that the target steel has reached a stable state, the cooling temperature of the cooling medium is recalculated, allowing for dynamic adjustment of the cooling temperature according to the actual cooling situation of the target steel, ensuring that the cooling process always meets the process requirements.

[0095] This application also provides a temperature control device for steel processing. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a temperature control device for steel processing provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The device includes an acquisition unit 201, a processing unit 202, and a determination unit 203.

[0096] The acquisition unit 201 acquires the temperature parameters corresponding to the target steel, and determines the cooling control for the target steel based on the temperature parameters. The target steel is steel in the processing stage. The acquisition unit acquires the material information of the target steel, and determines a first temperature range and a second temperature range based on the material information. The first temperature range is the cooling temperature range that water cooling needs to reach, and the second temperature range is the cooling temperature range that oil cooling needs to reach. The minimum value of the first temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the second temperature range. The acquisition unit acquires the first temperature of the target steel, and compares the first temperature with the first temperature range and the second temperature range to obtain the comparison result. The first temperature is the temperature obtained by scanning the target steel with an infrared thermometer.

[0097] The processing unit 202 determines the cooling method for the target steel based on the comparison results and cooling time. The cooling method includes water cooling, oil cooling, and alternating water and oil cooling. If the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be alternating water and oil cooling, the spray system is controlled to perform cooling operation on the target steel according to the first temperature range to obtain the second temperature of the target steel. It is then determined whether the second temperature is within the first temperature range. If the second temperature is within the first temperature range, the oil cooling system is controlled to perform cooling operation on the target steel according to the second temperature range to obtain the third temperature. Finally, it is determined whether the third temperature is within the second temperature range.

[0098] If the third temperature is determined to be within the second temperature range, then the target steel has completed the cooling operation.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 202 is configured to calculate the Reynolds number corresponding to the target flowing medium according to a first formula, wherein the target flowing medium includes water or oil; calculate the Prandtl number corresponding to the target flowing medium according to a second formula; calculate the internal energy change value corresponding to the internal structure of the target steel according to a third formula; calculate the heat loss value caused by the evaporation of the target flowing medium according to a fourth formula; obtain the surface area and ambient temperature of the target steel, and calculate the heat change value corresponding to the target steel based on the surface area, the first temperature, and the ambient temperature; and determine the convective heat transfer coefficient corresponding to the target flowing medium based on the Reynolds number, wherein the convective heat transfer coefficient includes the laminar heat transfer coefficient and the turbulent heat transfer coefficient. The acquisition unit 201 is used to acquire the heat exchange area between the target flowing medium and the target steel, and to acquire the flow velocity corresponding to the target flowing medium, and to acquire the average value from the first temperature range; and to acquire the initial temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium based on the first temperature; the processing unit is used to calculate the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium based on the initial temperature, convective heat transfer coefficient, first temperature, average value, heat change value, internal energy change value, and heat loss value; and to send a first temperature adjustment command to the spray system to control the spray system to adjust the initial temperature to the first cooling temperature, and to perform a cooling operation on the target steel based on the first cooling temperature, wherein the initial temperature is the starting temperature corresponding to the water in the spray system. In one possible implementation, the Reynolds number is calculated using the following first formula: Where Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flowing medium, p represents the density of the target flowing medium, v1 represents the flow velocity of the target flowing medium, d represents the pipe diameter, and μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flowing medium.

[0100] The Prandtl number is calculated using the following second formula: Where Pr represents the Prandtl number of the target flowing medium, c1 represents the specific heat capacity of the target flowing medium, μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flowing medium, and λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flowing medium.

[0101] The internal energy change value is calculated using the following third formula: ΔQ1=m*ΔH; where ΔQ1 represents the internal energy change value of the target steel, m represents the mass of the target steel, and ΔH represents the heat absorbed by a unit mass of the target steel during the phase change.

[0102] The heat loss value is calculated using the following fourth formula: ΔQ2 = η * M * L; where ΔQ2 represents the heat loss value of the target flowing medium, η represents the evaporation efficiency of the target flowing medium, M represents the evaporation mass of the target flowing medium, and L represents the heat absorbed by the target flowing medium during the conversion; the heat change value is calculated using the following formula: Where ΔQ3 represents the change in heat of the target steel, This represents the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. The surface emissivity of the target steel is represented by A1, the surface area of ​​the target steel is represented by T1, the first temperature of the target steel is represented by T3, the ambient temperature is represented by t, and the cooling time is represented by t.

[0103] The convective heat transfer coefficient is calculated using the following formula: ; Where h1 represents the laminar heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, h represents the turbulent heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flowing medium, d represents the outer diameter of the pipe, Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flowing medium, and Rr represents the Prandtl number of the target flowing medium.

[0104] The first cooling temperature is calculated using the following formula: Among them, T mT0 represents the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T1 represents the initial temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T2 represents the first temperature of the target steel, T1 represents the average value corresponding to the first temperature range, c1 represents the specific heat capacity corresponding to the target flowing medium, h represents the convective heat transfer coefficient, when the Reynolds number is greater than a preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the turbulent heat transfer coefficient h2, when the Reynolds number is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the laminar heat transfer coefficient h1, A2 represents the heat transfer area, m represents the mass of the target steel, ΔQ1 represents the internal energy change value, ΔQ2 represents the heat loss value, and ΔQ3 represents the heat change value. In one possible implementation, the acquisition unit 201 is used to acquire the target temperature of the target steel at multiple time points to obtain a temperature change curve; the processing unit 202 is used to calculate the temperature difference between the target temperatures corresponding to any two adjacent time points to obtain multiple temperature difference values; and the judgment unit 202 is used to determine the temperature difference between the target temperatures at any two adjacent time points. Whether both the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are less than a preset temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are any two adjacent temperature differences among a plurality of temperature differences; the determining unit 203 is used to determine that the cooling rate of the target steel has reached a stable cooling state when both the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are less than the preset temperature threshold; the acquiring unit 201 is used to acquire the fourth temperature corresponding to the temperature change curve in the stable cooling state; the processing unit 202 is used to calculate the second cooling temperature corresponding to the target flow medium based on the first cooling temperature, the fourth temperature, the average value corresponding to the first temperature range, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the heat change value, the internal energy change value, and the heat loss value, generate a second temperature adjustment command based on the second cooling temperature, send the second temperature adjustment command to the spray system so that the spray system adjusts the first cooling temperature to the second cooling temperature, and performs cooling control on the target steel based on the second cooling temperature.

[0105] In one possible implementation, the acquisition unit 201 is used to acquire the volume of the target steel and the ambient temperature; the processing unit 201 is used to calculate the cooling efficiency of the target steel based on the cooling time, volume, ambient temperature, and a first temperature; determine whether the cooling efficiency is within a preset first efficiency range, which is the cooling efficiency range achievable by water cooling; the determination unit 203 is used to determine that the cooling method of the target steel is water cooling when the cooling efficiency is within the preset first efficiency range; when the cooling efficiency is not within the preset first efficiency range, determine whether the cooling efficiency is within a preset second efficiency range, which is the cooling efficiency range achievable by alternating water and oil cooling; when the cooling efficiency is within the preset second efficiency range, determine that the cooling method of the target steel is alternating water and oil cooling; when the cooling efficiency is not within the preset second efficiency range, determine whether the cooling efficiency is within a preset third efficiency range, which is the cooling efficiency range achievable by oil cooling; when the cooling efficiency is within the preset third efficiency range, determine that the cooling method of the target steel is oil cooling.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the cooling efficiency is calculated using the following formula: Where E represents cooling efficiency, A2 represents heat exchange area, V represents the volume of the target steel, T1 represents the first temperature, T3 represents the ambient temperature, t represents cooling time, P represents the density of the target steel, a represents the constant of the ambient fluid, v2 represents the velocity of the ambient fluid, c2 represents the specific heat capacity of the target steel, h3 represents the natural convection heat transfer coefficient, f(A2,V,K) represents the shape correction coefficient of the target steel, and K represents the degree of irregularity of the shape of the target steel.

[0107] In one possible implementation, the acquisition unit 201 is used to acquire a first threshold from the first temperature range when the first temperature is not in the first temperature range and the first temperature is not in the second temperature range, the first threshold being the maximum value in the first temperature range; the processing unit 202 is used to determine whether the first temperature is greater than the first threshold; when the first temperature is greater than the first threshold, it is determined whether the cooling time is equal to a preset time; the determination unit 203 is used to determine that the cooling method of the target steel is a water-oil alternating cooling method when the cooling time is equal to the preset time.

[0108] It should be noted that the above embodiments of the apparatus are only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the apparatus and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0109] This application also discloses an electronic device. (See reference...) Figure 3 , Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device. The electronic device 300 may include: at least one processor 301, at least one network interface 304, a user interface 303, a memory 302, and at least one communication bus 305.

[0110] The communication bus 305 is used to enable communication between these components.

[0111] The user interface 303 may include a display screen and a camera. Optionally, the user interface 303 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0112] The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface).

[0113] The processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 connects to various parts of the server using various interfaces and lines, and performs various server functions and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in memory 302, and by calling data stored in memory 302. Optionally, the processor 301 may be implemented using at least one hardware form of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 301 may integrate one or a combination of several of the following: Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem. The CPU primarily handles the operating system, user interface, and application requests; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required for display; and the modem handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem may also not be integrated into the processor 301 and may be implemented as a separate chip.

[0114] The memory 302 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory. Optionally, the memory 302 may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 302 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 302 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch functionality, sound playback functionality, image playback functionality, etc.), instructions for implementing the various method embodiments described above, etc. The data storage area may store data involved in the various method embodiments described above. Optionally, the memory 302 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 301.

[0115] like Figure 3 As shown, the memory 302, which serves as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program for temperature control in steel processing.

[0116] exist Figure 3 In the electronic device 300 shown, the user interface 303 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and to obtain the user input data; while the processor 301 can be used to call the application program for temperature control of steel processing stored in the memory 302. When executed by one or more processors, the electronic device performs one or more of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0117] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0118] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0119] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some service interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0120] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0121] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0122] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage device (CMD). Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned memory includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0123] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of this disclosure upon considering the specification and the disclosure of practical truths. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for temperature control in steel processing, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the temperature parameters corresponding to the target steel, and determine the cooling control for the target steel based on the temperature parameters. The target steel is steel in the processing stage. Obtain the material information of the target steel, and determine a first temperature range and a second temperature range based on the material information. The first temperature range is the cooling temperature range that water cooling needs to reach, and the second temperature range is the cooling temperature range that oil cooling needs to reach. The minimum value of the first temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the second temperature range. A first temperature of the target steel is obtained, and the first temperature is compared with the first temperature range and the second temperature range to obtain a comparison result. The first temperature is the temperature obtained by scanning the target steel using an infrared thermometer. Based on the comparison results and cooling time, a cooling method for the target steel is determined, including water cooling, oil cooling, and alternating water and oil cooling. If the cooling method of the target steel is determined to be the water-oil alternating cooling method, then the spray system is controlled to perform cooling operation on the target steel according to the first temperature range to obtain the second temperature of the target steel; Determine whether the second temperature is within the first temperature range; When the second temperature is within the first temperature range, it is determined that the control oil cooling system performs cooling operation on the target steel according to the second temperature range to obtain the third temperature. Determine whether the third temperature is within the second temperature range; If the third temperature is determined to be within the second temperature range, then the target steel is determined to have completed the cooling operation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control spray system cools the target steel according to the first temperature range, specifically including: The Reynolds number corresponding to the target flowing medium is calculated according to the first formula, wherein the target flowing medium includes water or oil. Calculate the Prandtl number corresponding to the target flowing medium according to the second formula; Calculate the internal energy change value corresponding to the internal structure of the target steel according to the third formula; Calculate the heat loss caused by the evaporation of the target flowing medium according to the fourth formula; The surface area and ambient temperature of the target steel are obtained, and the heat change value corresponding to the target steel is calculated based on the surface area, the first temperature and the ambient temperature. The convective heat transfer coefficient corresponding to the target flowing medium is determined based on the Reynolds number, and the convective heat transfer coefficient includes the laminar heat transfer coefficient and the turbulent heat transfer coefficient. The heat exchange area between the target flowing medium and the target steel is obtained, and the flow velocity corresponding to the target flowing medium is obtained, and the average value is obtained from the first temperature range. The initial temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium is obtained based on the first temperature; the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium is calculated based on the initial temperature, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the first temperature, the average value, the heat change value, the internal energy change value, and the heat loss value. A first temperature adjustment command is sent to the spray system to control the spray system to adjust the initial temperature to the first cooling temperature, and to perform a cooling operation on the target steel according to the first cooling temperature, wherein the initial temperature is the starting temperature of the water in the spray system.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Reynolds number is calculated using the following first formula: Where Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flowing medium, p represents the density of the target flowing medium, v1 represents the flow velocity of the target flowing medium, d represents the pipe diameter, and μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flowing medium. The Prandtl number is calculated using the following second formula: Where Pr represents the Prandtl number of the target flowing medium, c1 represents the specific heat capacity of the target flowing medium, μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the target flowing medium, and λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flowing medium. The change in internal energy is calculated using the following third formula: ΔQ1=m*ΔH Wherein, ΔQ1 represents the change in internal energy of the target steel, m represents the mass of the target steel, and ΔH represents the heat absorbed per unit mass of the target steel during the phase transition. The heat loss value is calculated using the following fourth formula: ΔQ2=η*M*L Where ΔQ2 represents the heat loss value of the target flowing medium, η represents the evaporation efficiency of the target flowing medium, M represents the evaporation mass of the target flowing medium, and L represents the heat absorbed by the target flowing medium during conversion; the heat change value is calculated using the following formula: Wherein, ΔQ3 represents the heat change value of the target steel, σ represents the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, ∈ represents the emissivity of the target steel surface, A1 represents the surface area of ​​the target steel, T1 represents the first temperature of the target steel, T3 represents the ambient temperature, and t represents the cooling time; The convective heat transfer coefficient is calculated using the following formula: Where h1 represents the laminar heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, h2 represents the turbulent heat transfer coefficient in the convective heat transfer coefficient, λ represents the thermal conductivity of the target flowing medium, d represents the outer diameter of the pipe, Re represents the Reynolds number of the target flowing medium, and Pr represents the Prandtl number of the target flowing medium. The first cooling temperature is calculated using the following formula: Among them, T m T0 represents the first cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T1 represents the initial temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium, T2 represents the first temperature of the target steel, T1 represents the average value corresponding to the first temperature range, c1 represents the specific heat capacity corresponding to the target flowing medium, h represents the convective heat transfer coefficient, when the Reynolds number is greater than a preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the turbulent heat transfer coefficient h2, when the Reynolds number is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the convective heat transfer coefficient is the laminar heat transfer coefficient h1, A2 represents the heat transfer area, m represents the mass of the target steel, ΔQ1 represents the internal energy change value, ΔQ2 represents the heat loss value, and ΔQ3 represents the heat change value.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After sending a first temperature adjustment command to the spray system to control the spray system to adjust the initial temperature to the first cooling temperature and perform a cooling operation on the target steel according to the first cooling temperature, the method further includes: The target temperature of the target steel at multiple time points is obtained to obtain a temperature change curve; Calculate the temperature difference between the target temperatures corresponding to any two adjacent time points to obtain multiple temperature difference values; Determine whether both the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are less than a preset temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are any two adjacent temperature differences among a plurality of temperature differences; When both the first temperature difference and the second temperature difference are less than the preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the cooling rate of the target steel has reached a stable cooling state. Obtain the fourth temperature corresponding to the temperature change curve under the stable cooling state; The second cooling temperature corresponding to the target flowing medium is calculated based on the first cooling temperature, the fourth temperature, the average value corresponding to the first temperature range, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the heat change value, the internal energy change value, and the heat loss value. A second temperature adjustment command is generated based on the second cooling temperature, and the second temperature adjustment command is sent to the spray system so that the spray system adjusts the first cooling temperature to the second cooling temperature, and performs cooling control on the target steel according to the second cooling temperature.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the cooling method for the target steel based on the comparison results and cooling time specifically includes: Obtain the volume of the target steel and the ambient temperature; The cooling efficiency of the target steel is calculated based on the cooling time, the volume, the ambient temperature, and the first temperature. Determine whether the cooling efficiency is within a preset first efficiency range, where the preset first efficiency range is the range of cooling efficiency achievable by the water cooling method; When the cooling efficiency is within the preset first efficiency range, the cooling method of the target steel is determined to be the water cooling method; When the cooling efficiency is not within the preset first efficiency range, it is determined whether the cooling efficiency is within the preset second efficiency range, where the preset second efficiency range is the cooling efficiency range that the water-oil alternating cooling method can achieve. When the cooling efficiency is within the preset second efficiency range, the cooling method of the target steel is determined to be the water-oil alternating cooling method; When the cooling efficiency is not within the preset second efficiency range, it is determined whether the cooling efficiency is within the preset third efficiency range, where the preset third efficiency range is the cooling efficiency range that the oil cooling method can achieve. When the cooling efficiency is within the preset third efficiency range, the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be the oil cooling method.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling efficiency is calculated using the following formula: Wherein, E represents the cooling efficiency, A2 represents the heat exchange area, V represents the volume of the target steel, T1 represents the first temperature, T3 represents the ambient temperature, t represents the cooling time, P represents the density of the target steel, a represents the constant of the ambient fluid, v2 represents the velocity of the ambient fluid, c2 represents the specific heat capacity of the target steel, h3 represents the natural convection heat transfer coefficient, f(A2,V,K) represents the shape correction coefficient of the target steel, and K represents the degree of irregularity of the shape of the target steel.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the cooling method for the target steel based on the comparison results and cooling time specifically includes: When the first temperature is not in the first temperature range and the first temperature is not in the second temperature range, a first threshold is obtained from the first temperature range, and the first threshold is the maximum value in the first temperature range; Determine whether the first temperature is greater than the first threshold. When the first temperature is greater than the first threshold, it is determined whether the cooling time is equal to the preset time. When the cooling time is greater than or equal to the preset time, the cooling method of the target steel is determined to be the water-oil alternating cooling method.

8. A temperature control device for steel processing, characterized in that, The device includes an acquisition unit (201), a processing unit (202), and a determination unit (203); The acquisition unit (201) acquires the temperature parameters corresponding to the target steel, and determines the cooling control of the target steel based on the temperature parameters. The target steel is steel in the processing stage. Obtain the material information of the target steel, and determine a first temperature range and a second temperature range based on the material information. The first temperature range is the cooling temperature range required for water cooling, and the second temperature range is the cooling temperature range required for oil cooling. The minimum value of the first temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the second temperature range. Obtain the first temperature of the target steel, and compare the first temperature with the first temperature range and the second temperature range to obtain a comparison result. The first temperature is the temperature obtained by scanning the target steel using an infrared thermometer. The processing unit (202) determines the cooling method for the target steel based on the comparison result and cooling time. The cooling method includes water cooling, oil cooling, and alternating water and oil cooling. If the cooling method for the target steel is determined to be alternating water and oil cooling, the spray system is controlled to perform a cooling operation on the target steel according to the first temperature range to obtain a second temperature of the target steel. It then determines whether the second temperature is within the first temperature range. When the second temperature is within the first temperature range, the oil cooling system is controlled to perform a cooling operation on the target steel according to the second temperature range to obtain a third temperature. Finally, it determines whether the third temperature is within the second temperature range. If the determining unit (203) determines that the third temperature is within the second temperature range, then it determines that the target steel has completed the cooling operation.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor (301), a memory (302), a user interface (303), and a network interface (304). The memory (302) is used to store instructions. The user interface (303) and the network interface (304) are used to communicate with other devices. The processor (301) is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory (302) to cause the electronic device (300) to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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