Battery thermal management method, equipment, circuit, battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a battery thermal management method, equipment and circuit, a battery pack and electric equipment, when the battery pack is in a steady-state operation stage, the heating parameters of the heating modules are determined according to the temperature deviation characteristics and the temperature change characteristics of the heating modules, so that the heating modules can be controlled to perform heating of corresponding degrees, and the heating efficiency of the battery pack is improved. Accurate temperature control of the battery cells is realized, battery pack heat distribution difference is reduced, battery aging is reduced, battery performance is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery thermal management method, device, circuit, battery pack and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] In low-temperature environments, the battery's chemical reaction rate slows down, resulting in reduced output power and charging efficiency, which in turn affects the vehicle's power output and range. Low temperatures can also cause battery capacity degradation and even lead to the risk of thermal runaway. In low-temperature environments, the battery pack can be heated to restore its normal operating state, ensuring that the battery pack maintains good performance and safety even at low temperatures.

[0003] Traditional overall heating methods easily cause uneven heat distribution, resulting in local overheating or underheating of the battery pack, leading to performance imbalance between battery cells and affecting battery life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery thermal management method, device, circuit, battery pack and electrical equipment to reduce the battery pack.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery thermal management method, wherein a battery pack includes multiple heating modules, and the method includes:

[0006] When the battery pack is in a steady-state operation stage, heating parameters of the heating module are determined according to the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module, and the heating parameters are used to control the temperature of the heating module.

[0007] In a possible implementation, determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the temperature deviation characteristics and the temperature change characteristics of the heating module includes:

[0008] determining a heating priority of the heating module according to a temperature deviation characteristic and a temperature change characteristic of the heating module;

[0009] The heating parameters of the heating module are determined according to the heating priority.

[0010] In a possible implementation, determining the heating priority of the heating module according to the temperature deviation characteristic and the temperature change characteristic of the heating module includes:

[0011] determining a first product of a temperature deviation characteristic of the heating module and a first weight corresponding to the temperature deviation characteristic;

[0012] Determining a second product of a reciprocal of a temperature variation characteristic of the heating module and a second weight corresponding to the temperature variation characteristic;

[0013] determining a priority characteristic of the heating module according to a sum of the first product and the second product;

[0014] The heating priority of the heating module is determined according to the priority characteristics of the heating module.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0016] determining the temperature deviation characteristic according to a difference between the temperature of the heating module and a target temperature;

[0017] And / or, the temperature change characteristic is determined based on a temperature change rate within a first preset time period.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the heating parameter includes heating power;

[0019] The first heating power of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is higher than the second heating power of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules;

[0020] The heating priority of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is higher than the heating priority of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules.

[0021] In a possible implementation, determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the heating priority includes:

[0022] The first heating powers of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules are determined according to the maximum allowable power of the heating modules and the total available power corresponding to the steady-state operation stage and in the order of the heating priorities.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the first heating power is less than or equal to 80% of the maximum allowable power.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the heating parameters include heating duration;

[0025] The heating time of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is longer than the heating time of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules;

[0026] The heating priority of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is higher than the heating priority of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules.

[0027] In a possible implementation, determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the heating priority includes:

[0028] The third heating power of the heating modules in the first group of heating zones and the fourth heating power of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules are determined according to the maximum allowable power of the heating modules and the total available power corresponding to the steady-state operation stage.

[0029] In a possible implementation, one control cycle in the steady-state operation phase includes multiple time slices;

[0030] The number of time slices corresponding to the first group of heating modules is greater than the number of time slices corresponding to the second group of heating modules.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0032] When the battery pack is in a low-temperature startup stage, a heating parameter of the heating module is determined according to a maximum allowable power of the heating module.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0034] When the average temperature of the heating module is greater than or equal to a first preset value, and the lowest temperature in the heating module is greater than or equal to a second preset value, exiting the low-temperature startup phase;

[0035] Alternatively, when the heating time in the low-temperature startup phase reaches a second preset time, the low-temperature startup phase is exited.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0037] When the battery pack is in a charging stage, a heating parameter of the heating module is determined according to the temperature of the heating module.

[0038] In a possible implementation, determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the temperature of the heating module includes:

[0039] When the temperature of the heating module is greater than a third preset value, determining that the heating parameter of the heating module is zero;

[0040] and / or, when the temperature of the heating module is greater than the temperature of the adjacent heating module, and the temperature difference between the two is greater than a fourth preset value, determining that the heating parameter of the heating module is zero, and increasing the heating parameter of the adjacent heating module;

[0041] and / or, when the temperature of the heating module is lower than the temperature of the adjacent heating module and the temperature difference between the two is greater than a fifth preset value, determining that the heating parameter of the heating module is greater than zero, and reducing the heating parameter of the adjacent heating module;

[0042] And / or, when the temperatures of the adjacent plurality of heating modules are all lower than a sixth preset value, the heating of the plurality of heating modules is started in sequence.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the heating parameter includes heating power;

[0044] The method further comprises:

[0045] Determining the duty cycle of the next cycle according to the current duty cycle corresponding to the heating power of the current cycle and the predicted temperature of the heating module in the next cycle;

[0046] The heating power of the next cycle is determined according to the duty cycle of the next cycle.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0048] Determining a proportional gain, an integral gain, and a differential gain according to a difference between a temperature of the heating module in a current cycle and a target temperature;

[0049] The current duty cycle is determined according to the difference, the proportional gain, the integral gain and the differential gain, and the temperature change rate of the heating module within a first preset time period.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0051] The temperature of the next cycle is predicted according to the historical temperature of the heating module, the current duty cycle, and the ambient temperature.

[0052] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management device, including: a memory, a processor;

[0053] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0054] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the above first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0055] In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery thermal management circuit, wherein the battery pack includes a plurality of heating modules, and the circuit includes: the thermal management device described in the second aspect, and a switch unit;

[0056] The control end of the switch unit is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, the second end of the switch unit is connected to the heating module, and the heating module is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack;

[0057] The thermal management device is used to control the switch unit to be turned on or off according to the heating parameters of the heating module, so as to control whether the heating module is heated.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the switch unit includes a plurality of first switch modules;

[0059] The control end of the first switch module is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the first switch module is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the first switch module is connected to a heating component in a heating module;

[0060] The thermal management device is used to control the first switch module to be turned on according to the heating parameters of the heating module, so as to control whether the corresponding heating module is heated.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the thermal management device includes a control unit and a selection unit;

[0062] The control unit is used to determine an enable signal of the first switch module corresponding to the heating module according to the heating parameters of the heating module;

[0063] The input end of the selection unit is connected to the control unit, and the output end of the selection unit is connected to multiple first switch modules in multiple time slots. The selection unit is used to output the corresponding enable signal to the corresponding first switch module in each time slot.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the selection unit includes a multiplexer or a matrix switch.

[0065] In a possible implementation manner, the first switch module includes a first transistor;

[0066] The gate of the first transistor serves as the control terminal of the first switch module, the drain of the first transistor serves as the first terminal of the first switch module, and the source of the first transistor serves as the second terminal of the first switch module.

[0067] In a possible implementation, the plurality of heating modules are arranged in an array; the switch unit includes a plurality of second switch modules and a plurality of third switch modules;

[0068] The control end of the second switch module is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the second switch module is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the second switch module is connected to a column of the heating modules;

[0069] The control end of the third switch module is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the third switch module is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the third switch module is connected to a row of heating modules;

[0070] The thermal management device is used to control the conduction or disconnection of the second switch module and the third switch module according to the heating parameters of the heating module, so as to control whether the corresponding heating module is heated.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the thermal management device includes a driver chip.

[0072] In a possible implementation manner, the second switch module includes a second transistor;

[0073] The gate of the second transistor serves as the control terminal of the second switch module, the drain of the second transistor serves as the first terminal of the second switch module, and the source of the second transistor serves as the second terminal of the second switch module;

[0074] And / or, the third switch module includes a third transistor;

[0075] The gate of the third transistor serves as the control terminal of the third switch module, the drain of the third transistor serves as the first terminal of the third switch module, and the source of the third transistor serves as the third terminal of the third switch module.

[0076] In a possible implementation, the heating module includes a heating film.

[0077] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a battery pack comprising the thermal management circuit described in the third aspect.

[0078] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides an electrical device comprising the battery pack described in the fourth aspect.

[0079] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the first aspect above and / or various possible implementation methods of the first aspect.

[0080] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation methods of the first aspect.

[0081] The battery thermal management method, equipment, circuit, battery pack and electrical equipment provided in the embodiments of the present application determine the heating parameters of the heating module based on the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module when the battery pack is in the steady-state operation stage, so as to control each heating module to perform heating to a corresponding degree, realize precise temperature control of the battery cell, reduce the difference in heat distribution of the battery pack, reduce battery aging, and improve battery performance and life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0083] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the battery thermal management method provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0084] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the battery thermal management method provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0085] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the wave heating timing provided for this application;

[0086] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery thermal management device provided in this application;

[0087] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management circuit provided in this application;

[0088] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management circuit provided in this application;

[0089] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management circuit provided in this application.

[0090] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0092] In a low temperature environment, the battery pack is heated to restore it to its normal working state, ensuring that the battery pack can still maintain good performance and safety at low temperatures.

[0093] Traditional overall heating methods can easily lead to uneven heat distribution, causing localized overheating or underheating in the battery pack, accelerating battery aging. Furthermore, when the difference between local temperatures exceeds 10°C, the aging rate in the high-temperature area is faster than that in the low-temperature area, resulting in performance imbalances between cells and affecting battery life.

[0094] To this end, this application proposes a battery thermal management method, which determines the heating parameters of the heating module based on the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module, so that different heating modules can be controlled to perform heating to different degrees, thereby achieving precise temperature control of the battery cells, reducing the heat distribution differences in the battery pack, reducing battery aging, and improving battery performance and life.

[0095] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0096] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the battery thermal management method provided in this application Figure 1 ,like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0097] S101 . When the battery pack is in a steady-state operation stage, determine heating parameters of the heating module according to temperature deviation characteristics and temperature variation characteristics of the heating module. The heating parameters are used to control the temperature of the heating module.

[0098] For example, a battery pack includes multiple heating modules, each corresponding to one or more battery cells. The heating modules can heat the battery cells. For example, in low-temperature environments, the heating modules can heat the battery cells to ensure that they maintain good performance and safety even at low temperatures.

[0099] A battery pack in steady-state operation refers to a state in which its operating parameters (such as voltage, current, and temperature) remain relatively constant within the permitted fluctuation range. During this phase, the battery pack acts as a power source, providing electrical power to devices such as vehicles. During this phase, the battery pack primarily discharges to meet the energy needs of these devices.

[0100] In an embodiment of the present application, when the battery pack is in a steady-state operation phase, the heating parameters of the heating module are determined based on the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module. The temperature deviation characteristics are used to characterize the difference between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, and the temperature change characteristics are used to characterize the temperature change trend of the heating module over time. Combining the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics can more comprehensively determine the heating requirements of the battery cells corresponding to the heating module, and by controlling the heating parameters of the heating module, the heating requirements of the battery cells corresponding to the heating module can be met.

[0101] Each heating module has corresponding temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics, and each heating module has corresponding heating parameters, so that the thermal module can be controlled to perform corresponding degree of heating to meet the heating requirements of the corresponding battery cell of the heating module, prevent local temperature overheating or underheating of the battery pack, reduce the heat distribution difference of the battery pack, reduce battery aging, and improve battery life.

[0102] For example, when the temperature deviation characteristic indicates that there is a large gap between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, it may be considered to control the heating module for heating. However, if the temperature change characteristic indicates that the temperature change of the heating module is large, especially in the direction of the target temperature, the heating module is actually not needed to heat, to prevent energy waste caused by excessive heating. When the temperature deviation characteristic indicates that there is a large gap between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, and the temperature change characteristic indicates that the temperature change of the heating module is small, it is necessary to control the heating module for heating so that the battery cell corresponding to the heating module reaches the required temperature. When the temperature deviation characteristic indicates that there is a small gap between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, the heating module may not be heated at this time.

[0103] Therefore, combining the temperature deviation characteristics with the temperature change characteristics can more comprehensively determine the heating requirements of the battery cells corresponding to the heating module, thereby achieving the desired temperature distribution and temperature change rate. This can also avoid unnecessary heating, suppress frequent fluctuations, and optimize energy consumption. A large gap between the heating module temperature and the target temperature means that the heating module temperature is lower than the target temperature, and the difference between the two is large.

[0104] It should be noted that the battery pack includes multiple heating modules, each of which has corresponding temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics. Therefore, the heating parameters of each heating module can be determined based on the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of each heating module, so that each heating module can be controlled to perform heating to a corresponding degree, so that each heating module reaches the required temperature, and then the battery cell corresponding to the heating module reaches the required temperature.

[0105] For example, heating parameters may include heating power, heating duration, etc. The temperature of the heating module can be controlled by the heating power. For example, a greater heating power results in a higher temperature and a greater amount of heat generated by the heating module. A smaller heating power results in a lower temperature and a lower amount of heat generated by the heating module. The temperature of the heating module can also be controlled by the heating duration. For example, a longer heating duration results in a higher temperature and a greater amount of heat generated by the heating module. A shorter heating duration results in a lower temperature and a lower amount of heat generated by the heating module.

[0106] For example, the heating module may include a heating film, which is an electric heating element that can be used to quickly and evenly heat the battery cell in low-temperature environments. The heating film may include a silicone heating film, a PI heating film (polyimide heating film), or other heating elements. The heating module may also include other heating elements, such as resistance wire.

[0107] For example, after determining the heating parameters of the heating module, the heating module can be controlled to perform heating under the corresponding heating parameters. For example, after determining the heating power of the heating module, the heating module can be controlled to perform heating at the corresponding heating power; after determining the heating duration of the heating module, the heating module can be controlled to perform heating for the corresponding heating duration.

[0108] The battery thermal management method provided in this application determines the heating parameters of the heating module based on the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module, so as to control different heating modules to perform heating to different degrees, reduce the heat distribution difference of the battery pack, reduce battery aging, and improve battery life.

[0109] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the battery thermal management method provided in this application Figure 2 ,like Figure 2 As shown, in step S101, determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module may include:

[0110] S201 : Determine the heating priority of the heating module according to the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module.

[0111] The steady-state operation of a battery pack refers to the state in which the battery pack acts as a power source to provide electrical power to electrical equipment such as vehicles. During the steady-state operation phase, the battery pack primarily discharges to meet the energy needs of the electrical equipment.

[0112] For example, when the temperature deviation characteristic indicates that there is a large gap between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, and the temperature change characteristic indicates that the temperature change of the heating module is large, the heating priority of the heating module is low; when the temperature deviation characteristic indicates that there is a large gap between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, and the temperature change characteristic indicates that the temperature change of the heating module is small, the heating priority of the heating module is high; when the temperature deviation characteristic indicates that there is a small gap between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, and the temperature change characteristic indicates that the temperature change of the heating module is large, the heating priority of the heating module is low; when the temperature deviation characteristic indicates that there is a small gap between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, and the temperature change characteristic indicates that the temperature change of the heating module is small, the heating priority of the heating module is low.

[0113] In one possible embodiment, the temperature deviation characteristic has a corresponding first weight, and the temperature change characteristic has a corresponding second weight. A first product of the temperature deviation characteristic of the heating module and the first weight corresponding to the temperature deviation characteristic is determined; a second product of the inverse of the temperature change characteristic of the heating module and the second weight corresponding to the temperature change characteristic is determined; a priority characteristic of the heating module is determined based on the sum of the first product and the second product; and a heating priority of the heating module is determined based on the priority characteristic of the heating module.

[0114] The temperature change characteristic represents the temperature's temporal trend. When the temperature rises sharply, the corresponding value of the temperature change characteristic is large, and the corresponding value of the reciprocal of the temperature change characteristic decreases significantly. If the corresponding value of the temperature change characteristic is large, directly using the temperature change characteristic to measure heating priority will obscure the contribution of the temperature deviation characteristic. For example, when the temperature change rate exceeds 1°C / s, directly using the temperature change rate may cause the second product to increase sharply, obscuring the contribution of the temperature deviation characteristic. Therefore, measuring heating priority using the reciprocal of the temperature change characteristic can more accurately measure heating priority.

[0115] In one possible implementation, a first product of a temperature deviation characteristic of a heating module and a first weight corresponding to the temperature deviation characteristic is determined; a third product of a temperature change characteristic of the heating module and a second weight corresponding to the temperature change characteristic is determined; a priority characteristic of the heating module is determined based on the sum of the first and third products; and a heating priority of the heating module is determined based on the priority characteristic of the heating module. For example, when the temperature change rate is less than 1°C / s, the temperature change rate and temperature deviation characteristics are used to measure the heating priority.

[0116] It should be noted that when measuring the heating priority based on the inverse of the temperature deviation characteristic and the temperature change characteristic, the larger the value corresponding to the priority characteristic, the higher the heating priority; when measuring the heating priority based on the temperature deviation characteristic and the temperature change characteristic, the smaller the value corresponding to the priority characteristic, the higher the heating priority.

[0117] In one possible implementation, considering that the temperature deviation feature has a greater impact on the heating priority than the temperature change feature, the first weight may be greater than the second weight. For example, the first weight is 0.7 and the second weight is 0.3.

[0118] In one possible embodiment, since the temperature variation characteristic represents the difference between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, the temperature deviation characteristic can be determined based on the difference between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature. Since the temperature variation characteristic represents the trend of temperature changes of the heating module over time, the temperature variation characteristic can be determined based on the temperature change rate within a first preset time period. For example, the first preset time period may include 30 seconds, that is, the temperature variation characteristic is determined based on the temperature change trend over the past 30 seconds.

[0119] It should be noted that since the battery pack includes multiple heating modules, each with a corresponding temperature, the temperature deviation characteristic of each heating module can be determined based on the difference between the temperature of each heating module and the target temperature. Similarly, the temperature variation characteristic of each heating module can be determined based on the temperature change rate of each heating module within a first preset time period.

[0120] Accordingly, for each heating module, the product between the difference between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature and the first weight can be determined, and the second product between the inverse of the temperature change rate of the heating module and the second weight can be determined. The priority characteristics of the heating module can be determined based on the sum of the first product and the second product.

[0121] For example, the priority feature Score = ΔT × α + (1 / dT / dt) × β, where ΔT represents the difference between the temperature of the heating module and the target temperature, α is the first weight, dT / dt represents the temperature change rate, and β is the second weight.

[0122] S102: Determine heating parameters of the heating module according to the heating priority.

[0123] In this embodiment, the heating parameters of the heating module are determined according to the heating priority. Since the heating priority can characterize the heating requirements of the battery cell corresponding to the heating module, and the heating parameters are used to control the temperature of the heating module, the heating parameters of the corresponding heating module are controlled according to the heating priority so that each heating module is heated to a corresponding degree, thereby reducing the difference in heat distribution, reducing battery aging, and improving battery life.

[0124] For example, since each heating module has a corresponding heating priority, and the heating parameters are determined according to the heating priority, the heating parameters of at least some of the heating modules are different.

[0125] For example, multiple heating modules can be divided into a first group of heating modules and a second group of heating modules based on heating priority, with the heating priority of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules being higher than the heating priority of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules. When the first group of heating modules includes multiple heating modules and the second group of heating modules includes multiple heating modules, the heating priority of each heating module in the first group of heating modules is higher than the heating priority of each heating module in the second group of heating modules, that is, the lowest heating priority in the first group of heating modules is higher than the highest heating priority in the second group of heating modules.

[0126] For example, heating modules can be grouped based on heating priority, the maximum allowable power of each heating module, and the total available power during steady-state operation. Specifically, starting with the heating module with the highest heating priority, a preset ratio (e.g., less than or equal to 80%) of each heating module's maximum allowable power is subtracted from the total available power. Heating modules whose total available power meets the preset ratio of the maximum allowable power are grouped into the first group of heating modules, while the remaining heating modules are grouped into the second group of heating modules. The maximum allowable power of each heating module can be determined based on the characteristics of the heating components within the heating module.

[0127] In one possible embodiment, the heating parameters include heating power, the first heating power of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is higher than the second heating power of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules, when the first group of heating modules includes multiple heating modules, each heating module in the first group of heating modules has a corresponding first heating power, when the second group of heating modules includes multiple heating modules, each heating module in the second group of heating modules has a corresponding second heating power, and the smallest first heating power in the first group of heating modules is greater than the largest second heating power in the second group of heating modules. Based on this, the heating needs of the battery cells corresponding to the heating modules with higher heating priority can be met.

[0128] For example, considering the limitation of the total available power and the heating requirements of the heating modules with higher heating priority, the second heating power can be zero, that is, only the heating modules in the first group of heating modules are controlled for heating, thereby meeting the heating requirements of the battery cells corresponding to the heating modules with higher heating priority.

[0129] In one possible implementation, the first heating powers of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules are determined in order of heating priority based on the maximum allowable power of the heating modules and the total available power during steady-state operation. Accordingly, the heating modules can be controlled to perform heating at the corresponding first heating powers, thereby meeting the heating needs of the battery cells corresponding to the higher-priority heating modules.

[0130] In one possible embodiment, the first heating power of the heating module is less than or equal to 80% of the maximum allowable power of the heating module to reserve a safety margin. Each heating module has a corresponding maximum allowable power. Accordingly, the first heating power of each heating module can be less than or equal to 80% of the corresponding maximum allowable power.

[0131] In some optional embodiments, the heating parameters include heating time, and the heating time of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is longer than the heating time of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules, that is, the heating time of the heating modules with higher heating priority is longer, and the heating time of the heating modules with lower heating priority is shorter. By controlling the heating modules to heat within the corresponding heating time, it helps to reduce heat distribution differences, reduce battery aging, and improve battery life.

[0132] For example, during a first time period, the heating modules in the first group of heating modules are controlled to heat at a corresponding third heating power, and during a second time period, the heating modules in the second group of heating modules are controlled to heat at a corresponding fourth heating power. The first time period is longer than the second time period, thereby enabling the heating modules with higher priority to heat for a longer time, thereby meeting the heating requirements of the battery cells corresponding to each heating module. In this embodiment, when the first group of heating modules includes multiple heating modules, each heating module has a corresponding third heating power, and when the second group of heating modules includes multiple heating modules, each heating module has a corresponding fourth heating power.

[0133] For example, the heating modules in the first group of heating modules can be controlled to heat continuously throughout the entire cycle, while the heating modules in the second group of heating modules can be controlled to heat during a portion of the time. For example, if a cycle consists of 120 seconds, all heating modules can be controlled to heat during the first 60 seconds, and only the heating modules in the first group of heating modules can be controlled to heat during the last 60 seconds.

[0134] For example, the steady-state operation phase includes multiple control cycles, each of which can execute the thermal management method of the present application. Each control cycle can be divided into multiple time slices, for example, two, three, or more time slices, with more time slices being used to heat the heating modules in the first group of heating modules, and fewer time slices being used to heat the heating modules in the second group of heating modules. That is, the number of time slices corresponding to the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is greater than the number of time slices corresponding to the heating modules in the second group of heating modules.

[0135] In one possible embodiment, the number of time slices corresponding to the first group of heating modules is greater than the number of time slices corresponding to the second group of heating modules, so that the heating modules in the first group of heating modules can be controlled to heat in more time slices, and the heating modules in the second group of heating modules can be controlled to heat in fewer time slices.

[0136] For example, a control cycle consists of 120 seconds, which is divided into five 24-second time slices. The heating modules in the first group of heating modules use three time slices for heating, and the heating modules in the second group of heating modules use two time slices for heating. Alternatively, the heating modules in the first group of heating modules use four time slices for heating, and the heating modules in the second group of heating modules use one time slice for heating.

[0137] In one possible embodiment, the third heating power of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules and the fourth heating power of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules are determined based on the maximum allowable power of the heating modules and the total available power corresponding to the steady-state operation stage, so that the heating power corresponding to each heating module can be determined.

[0138] For example, corresponding heating powers can be allocated to each heating module according to the ratio of the maximum allowable powers of each heating module, so that the heating modules in the first group of heating modules have corresponding third heating powers, and the heating modules in the second group of heating modules have corresponding fourth heating powers.

[0139] For example, because the heating duration of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is longer than that of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules, there are time periods during which only the heating modules in the first group of heating modules are heated, while the heating modules in the second group of heating modules are not heated. For ease of description, these time periods are referred to as target time periods. During the target time periods, the heating power corresponding to the heating modules in the first group of heating modules can be recalculated. For example, the corresponding heating power can be allocated to each heating module in the first group of heating modules based on the ratio of the maximum allowable power of each heating module in the first group of heating modules and the total available power in the steady-state allowable phase. Of course, the heating modules in the first group of heating modules can maintain the corresponding heating power for heating throughout the entire cycle.

[0140] The battery thermal management method provided in this application combines the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics to determine the heating priority of the heating module, and determines the heating parameters according to the heating priority, so that the low-temperature area can be heated first according to the heating demand, the heat distribution difference can be reduced, the temperature uniformity can be maintained, the battery aging can be reduced, and the battery life can be improved.

[0141] Another embodiment of the present application provides a battery thermal management method, in which Figure 1 Based on the embodiment, the method further includes:

[0142] S201 : When the battery pack is in a low-temperature startup stage, determine heating parameters of the heating module according to the maximum allowable power of the heating module.

[0143] Among them, the low-temperature startup stage refers to the initial stage of starting and running the battery pack in a low-temperature environment, which usually includes the entire process from the battery pack starting to supply power to reaching normal working state.

[0144] In this embodiment, when the battery pack is in the low-temperature startup phase, the heating module is controlled to heat at the corresponding maximum allowable power level, thereby rapidly raising the battery pack temperature to a safety threshold, thereby improving the electrochemical reaction rate and overall performance of the battery. For example, the safety threshold may be 0°C.

[0145] It should be noted that the battery pack includes multiple heating modules, each of which has a corresponding maximum allowable power. When the battery pack is in the low-temperature startup stage, heating can be performed according to the corresponding maximum allowable power of each heating module.

[0146] For example, during the low-temperature startup phase, all heating modules can operate at a 100% PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) duty cycle. In PWM control, heating power is proportional to the duty cycle. A higher duty cycle means the heaters are on for a longer period of time, providing more power. For example, if the duty cycle is 50%, the heaters are on half the time and provide approximately half the maximum power. If the duty cycle is increased to 75%, the heaters are on for a longer period of time, providing a corresponding increase in power.

[0147] In one possible embodiment, the low-temperature startup phase can be exited, i.e., the steady-state operation phase can be entered, when the average temperature of the heating modules is greater than or equal to a first preset value and the lowest temperature in the heating modules is greater than or equal to a second preset value. The low-temperature startup phase may require additional heating energy to ensure that each heating module quickly reaches thermal equilibrium. Once the temperature rises, this additional energy consumption is no longer necessary. Therefore, the low-temperature startup phase is exited when the temperature of the heating modules meets certain conditions.

[0148] For example, the first preset value may be 8° C., or a temperature value around 8° C. The second preset value may be 5° C., or a temperature value around 5° C.

[0149] In one possible implementation, when the heating duration during the low-temperature startup phase reaches a second preset duration, the low-temperature startup phase is exited, and overshoot is prevented by controlling the maximum duration of full-power heating. The second preset duration can be determined based on the characteristics of the battery pack and is not limited here.

[0150] The battery thermal management method provided in this embodiment determines the heating parameters of the heating module according to the maximum allowable power of the heating module when the battery pack is in the low-temperature startup stage, thereby quickly increasing the temperature of the battery pack.

[0151] Another embodiment of the present application provides a battery thermal management method, in which Figure 1 Based on the embodiment, the method further includes:

[0152] S301 : When the battery pack is in a charging stage, determine the heating parameters of the heating module according to the temperature of the heating module.

[0153] The battery pack is in the charging stage, which means that the battery is receiving electrical energy to restore or increase its energy storage capacity.

[0154] In this embodiment, when the battery pack is in the charging stage, the heating of the heating module is controlled according to the temperature of the heating module, so that heating modules with different temperatures can be heated to different degrees, reducing the temperature difference of the heating modules.

[0155] In practical applications, when the battery pack is in the charging stage, the heating module can be controlled to heat the battery pack when the temperature of the battery pack is below 0°C.

[0156] In one possible implementation, for any heating module, when the temperature of the heating module exceeds a third preset value, the heating parameter of the heating module is set to zero, effectively shutting down the heating of the heating module. Excessively high heating module temperatures can cause the battery temperature to rise, increasing the risk of overheating. Therefore, when the temperature of the heating module exceeds the third preset value, the heating of the heating module is shut down to reduce the risk of overheating. The third preset value can be, for example, 28°C, or a temperature value near 28°C.

[0157] In one possible embodiment, when the temperature of a heating module is greater than that of an adjacent heating module, and the temperature difference between the two is greater than a fourth preset value, the heating parameter of the heating module is determined to be zero, that is, the heating of the heating module is turned off, and the heating power of the adjacent heating module is increased to raise the temperature of the adjacent heating module, thereby reducing the temperature difference between different heating modules by limiting the temperature gradient. For example, the heating power of adjacent heating modules can be increased by approximately 20%. The fourth preset value can be 5°C, or a temperature value around 5°C.

[0158] In one possible implementation, if the temperature of a heating module is lower than that of an adjacent heating module, and the temperature difference between the two is greater than a fifth preset value, the heating parameter of the heating module is determined to be greater than zero, thereby activating heating of the heating module and reducing the heating power of the adjacent heating modules to avoid heat cancellation and minimize the temperature difference between the heating modules. For example, the heating power of adjacent heating modules can be reduced by approximately 10%. The fifth preset value can be 4°C, or a temperature value approximately 4°C.

[0159] In a possible embodiment, when the temperatures of the adjacent multiple heating modules are all lower than the sixth preset value, the heating of the multiple heating modules is started in sequence to form a heat diffusion path, that is, a wave-type heating method is adopted, such as Figure 3 As shown, the heating of the plurality of heating modules is started. For example, the sixth preset value may be 10°C, or a temperature value around 10°C.

[0160] The battery thermal management method provided in this embodiment controls the heating of the heating module according to the temperature of the heating module when the battery pack is in the charging stage, so that heating modules with different temperatures can be heated to different degrees, reducing the temperature difference of the heating modules.

[0161] Another embodiment of the present application provides a battery thermal management method, in which Figure 1 Based on the embodiment, the method further includes:

[0162] S401 : Determine the duty cycle of the next cycle according to the current duty cycle corresponding to the heating power of the current cycle and the predicted temperature of the heating module in the next cycle.

[0163] Both the steady-state operation phase and the charging phase may include multiple control cycles. Therefore, the heating power of any control cycle may be adjusted in the steady-state operation phase, and the heating power of any control cycle may also be adjusted in the charging phase.

[0164] In this embodiment, considering that fixed-power heating cannot be dynamically adjusted based on the real-time battery temperature, which affects heating efficiency, and that fixed-power heating requires continuous full-load operation, energy consumption can account for up to 30% of total power consumption, the heating power can be adjusted during each control cycle to meet dynamic needs and reduce energy consumption.

[0165] For example, based on the predicted temperature of the heating module in the next cycle, the current duty cycle corresponding to the heating power of the current cycle is adjusted so that the adjusted duty cycle can reach the predicted temperature of the next cycle. The adjusted duty cycle is also the duty cycle of the next cycle.

[0166] For example, if the predicted temperature of the next cycle is lower than the temperature of the current cycle, the duty cycle is reduced; if the predicted temperature of the next cycle is higher than the temperature of the current cycle, the duty cycle is increased.

[0167] In one possible embodiment, the proportional gain, integral gain and differential gain are determined based on the difference between the temperature of the heating module in the current cycle and the target temperature, and then the current duty cycle of the current cycle is determined based on the difference, proportional gain, integral gain and differential gain, and the temperature change rate of the heating module within a first preset time period.

[0168] For example, the proportional gain is related to the difference between the current cycle temperature and the target temperature, and is used to reduce the system's steady-state error and improve response speed. The proportional gain takes different values ​​for different temperature ranges. For example, Kp = f(ΔT); for ΔT > 5°C, Kp = 1.2; for 2°C < ΔT ≤ 5°C, Kp = 0.8; and for ΔT ≤ 2°C, Kp = 0.5.

[0169] For example, the integral gain eliminates steady-state error by integrating the accumulated error over time. When the difference between the current cycle's temperature and the target temperature is small (for example, |ΔT| < 1°C), Ki ≠ 0. When the error is large, the integral term accumulates rapidly, potentially leading to integral saturation. This condition makes the system's response to the error sluggish and may even cause instability. This can be avoided by disabling the integral term when the error is large. Therefore, when the difference between the current cycle's temperature and the target temperature is large (for example, |ΔT| ≥ 1°C), Ki = 0.

[0170] For example, the differential gain is related to the temperature change rate. By calculating the temperature change rate over time, future error trends can be predicted. For example, Kd = f(dT / dt). When the temperature change rate dT / dt is greater than 0.5, the differential gain can be increased to help suppress oscillation and overshoot, improving system stability. When the temperature change rate dT / dt is less than 0.5, the differential gain can be reduced to reduce the system's sensitivity to the temperature change rate and improve the system's response speed.

[0171] For example, after determining the proportional gain, integral gain, and differential gain, the current duty cycle of the current cycle can be determined based on the difference between the temperature of the current cycle and the target temperature, the proportional gain, integral gain, differential gain, and the temperature change rate within the first preset time period. For example, the current duty cycle PWM = Kp×ΔT+Ki×∫ΔT+Kd×dT / dt.

[0172] In one possible implementation, the temperature of the next cycle is predicted based on the historical temperature of the heating module, the current duty cycle of the current cycle, and the ambient temperature. For example, fuzzy reasoning can be used to analyze temperature trends and thermal inertia compensation based on the historical temperature, current duty cycle, and ambient temperature to predict the temperature of the next cycle. For example, a fuzzy rule could be that if the historical temperature rises and the duty cycle is high, the temperature is predicted to continue rising.

[0173] For example, historical temperature data, the current duty cycle, and the ambient temperature can be collected as inputs. This input data can be fuzzified and converted into a fuzzy set. A fuzzy rule base is then used for reasoning to determine temperature trends and thermal inertia compensation, and the fuzzy output is converted into a specific temperature prediction value.

[0174] S402: Determine the heating power for the next cycle according to the duty cycle of the next cycle.

[0175] For example, the heating power is positively correlated with the duty cycle, and the heating power of the next cycle can be determined based on the product of the ratio between the heating power of the current cycle and the current duty cycle and the duty cycle of the next cycle.

[0176] For example, after the heating power of the next cycle is determined, the heating module may be heated in the next cycle according to the heating power of the next cycle, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the heating power.

[0177] The battery thermal management method provided in this embodiment adjusts the heating power of the control cycle to meet dynamic requirements and reduce energy consumption.

[0178] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management device provided in this application. Figure 4 As shown, the thermal management device 10 provided in this embodiment includes: at least one processor 501 and a memory 502. Optionally, the thermal management device 10 further includes a communication component 503. The processor 501, the memory 502, and the communication component 503 are connected via a bus.

[0179] In a specific implementation process, at least one processor 501 executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 502, so that the at least one processor 501 performs the above method.

[0180] The specific implementation process of the processor 501 can be found in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar and will not be repeated here in this embodiment.

[0181] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the present invention may be directly executed by a hardware processor or by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0182] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage.

[0183] A bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, and control buses. For ease of illustration, the buses in the drawings of this application are not limited to just one bus or just one type of bus.

[0184] The present application also provides a battery thermal management circuit, wherein the battery pack includes multiple heating modules, such as Figure 5 As shown, the battery thermal management circuit includes the above-mentioned thermal management device 10 and the switch unit 20;

[0185] The control end of the switch unit 20 is connected to the thermal management device 10, the first end of the switch unit 20 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, the second end of the switch unit 20 is connected to the heating module 30, and the heating module 30 is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack;

[0186] The heat management device 10 is used to control the switch unit 20 to be turned on or off according to the heating parameters of the heating module, so as to control whether the heating module 30 is heated.

[0187] In the embodiment of the present application, the thermal management device can control the switch unit to be turned on or off based on the heating parameters of the heating module, thereby controlling whether the battery pack supplies power to the heating module and, in turn, whether the heating module is heated. When the thermal management device controls the switch unit to be turned on, the battery pack can supply power to the heating module, thereby heating the battery module, that is, heating a specific area or battery cell of the battery pack; when the thermal management device controls the switch unit to be turned off, the battery pack cannot supply power to the heating module, and the heating module cannot be heated.

[0188] For example, the heating parameters may include heating power. When the heating power is greater than zero, the thermal management device may control the switch unit to turn on so that the heating module heats the battery cell. When the heating power is equal to zero, the thermal management device may control the switch unit to turn off so that the heating module cannot heat the battery cell.

[0189] For example, when the heating power is greater than zero, the thermal management device can also control the conduction level of the switch unit based on the specific value of the heating power, thereby controlling the degree of heating of the heating module, that is, controlling the temperature of the heating module, and thus controlling the temperature of the corresponding battery cell. For example, the greater the heating power, the greater the conduction level of the switch unit, and thus more current can flow through the heating module, allowing the heating component to generate more heat; the smaller the heating power, the smaller the conduction level of the switch unit, and thus less current can flow through the heating module, resulting in less heat generated by the heating module.

[0190] For example, the heating power may include the heating time. When the heating time is greater than zero, the thermal management device may control the switch unit to turn on so that the heating module heats. When the heating time is equal to zero, the thermal management device may control the switch unit to turn off so that the heating module cannot heat.

[0191] For example, when the heating duration is greater than zero, the thermal management device can control the on-time of the switch unit based on the specific value of the heating duration, thereby controlling the degree of heating of the heating module, that is, controlling the temperature of the heating module, and thus controlling the temperature of the corresponding battery cell. For example, the longer the heating duration, the longer the on-time of the switch unit, and thus the longer the heating module heats; the shorter the heating duration, the shorter the on-time of the switch unit, and thus the shorter the heating module heats.

[0192] In one possible implementation, Figure 6As shown, the battery pack includes multiple heating modules 30, and the switch unit 20 may include multiple first switch modules 201, and each first switch module 201 corresponds to a heating module 30. For any first switch module 201, the control end of the first switch module 201 is connected to the thermal management device 10, the second end of the first switch module 201 is connected to the negative pole of the battery pack, and the second end of the first switch module 201 is connected to a heating module 30. For any heating module 30, the thermal management device 10 is used to control the conduction or shutdown of the first switch module 201 corresponding to the heating module 30 according to the heating parameters corresponding to the heating module 30, so as to control whether the battery pack supplies power to the heating module 30, and further control whether the heating module 30 heats the battery cell. Based on this, separate control of different heating modules can be achieved to meet the heating requirements of the battery cells corresponding to different heating modules.

[0193] For example, each heating module 30 has a corresponding first switch module 201. For any heating module 30, when the thermal management device 10 controls the first switch module 201 corresponding to the heating module 30 to turn on according to the heating parameters corresponding to the heating module 30, the battery pack can supply power to the heating module 30, allowing the heating module 30 to heat the corresponding battery cell. When the thermal management device 10 controls the first switch module 201 corresponding to the heating module 30 to turn off according to the heating parameters of the heating module 30, the battery pack cannot supply power to the heating module, preventing the heating module 30 from heating the battery cell.

[0194] In one possible implementation, Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management device 10 includes a control unit 101 and a selection unit 102. The control unit 101 is used to determine the enable signal of the first switch module 201 corresponding to the heating module 30 according to the heating parameters of the heating module 30; the input end of the selection unit 102 is connected to the control unit 101, and the output end of the selection unit 102 is respectively connected to multiple first switch modules 201 in multiple time slots, that is, the output end of the selection unit 102 is connected to one first switch module 201 in one time slot, and the selection unit 102 is used to output the corresponding enable signal to the corresponding first switch module 201 in each time slot.

[0195] It should be noted that the selection unit 102 is connected to different first switch modules 201 in different time slots to implement time slot switching, and a single PWM signal can control multiple first switch modules 201.

[0196] For example, the first switch module 201 corresponding to each heating module 30 has a corresponding enable signal and a corresponding time slot. For any heating module 30, the selection unit 102 outputs the corresponding enable signal to the corresponding first switch module 201 during the corresponding time slot, thereby enabling time-sharing selection of different channels and achieving multi-channel independent control.

[0197] For example, the selection unit 102 has an address line, which is controlled by the control unit 101. Based on the address in the address line, the selection unit 102 can determine which first switch module 201 to connect to in the next time slot. Accordingly, the control unit 101 can generate a synchronous clock to synchronize channel switching (switching between output terminals and different first switch modules) with the output of the enable signal. The control unit 101 can also implement power control by controlling the timing of the enable signal, thereby achieving different levels of heating. The timing of the enable signal can also be understood as the power-on time.

[0198] For example, when the enable signal is a first level signal, the first switch module is turned on, and when the enable signal is a second level signal, the second switch module is turned off. The first level signal can be, for example, a high level signal, and the second level signal can be a low level signal; the second level signal can be, for example, a low level signal, and the second level signal can be a high level signal.

[0199] In one possible embodiment, the heating module includes a heating film, and the heating film may include a plurality of partitions connected in series. Figure 6 As shown, heating film 1 includes partitions 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, while heating film 2 includes partitions 2-1, 2-2, and 2-3. Accordingly, the first end of partition 1-1 is connected to the second end of the corresponding first switch module, the second end of partition 1-1 is connected to the first end of partition 1-2, the second end of partition 1-2 is connected to the first end of partition 1-3, and the second end of partition 1-3 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack. The first end of partition 2-1 is connected to the second end of the corresponding first switch module, partition 2-1 is connected to the first end of partition 2-2, the second end of partition 2-2 is connected to the first end of partition 2-3, and the second end of partition 2-3 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack. This allows for flexible control of the area of ​​the heating module.

[0200] For example, the partitions can be connected in series by etching, printing, wiring, etc.

[0201] In a possible implementation, the selection unit includes a multiplexer or a matrix switch. The multiplexer has lower power consumption, and the matrix switch can flexibly switch between multiple inputs and multiple outputs.

[0202] In one possible embodiment, the first switching module includes a first transistor; the gate of the first transistor serves as the control end of the first switching module and is connected to the thermal management device; the drain of the first transistor serves as the first end of the first switching module and is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack; and the source of the first transistor serves as the second end of the first switching module and is connected to the heating module.

[0203] For example, the first transistor may be a MOS transistor.

[0204] In one possible implementation, Figure 7 As shown, the battery pack includes multiple heating modules 30 arranged in an array, and the switch unit 20 includes multiple second switch modules 21 and multiple third switch modules 31. The control end of the second switch module 21 is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the second switch module 21 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack 100, and the second end of the second switch module 21 is connected to a column of heating modules 30. The control end of the third switch module 31 is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the third switch module 31 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack 100, and the second end of the third switch module 31 is connected to a row of heating modules 30. The thermal management device is used to control the conduction or disconnection of the second switch module 21 and the third switch module 31 according to the heating parameters of the heating module 30, thereby controlling whether the corresponding heating module 30 is heated.

[0205] For example, each heating module has a corresponding second switch module and a third switch module. Each second switch module connects to a column of heating modules, and each third switch module connects to a row of heating modules. For any heating module, when the second and third switch modules corresponding to the heating module are both turned on, the battery pack can power the heating module, allowing the heating module to heat the corresponding battery cell. When at least one of the second and third switch modules corresponding to the heating module is turned off, the battery pack cannot power the heating module, and the heating module does not heat.

[0206] For example, Figure 7 As shown, the battery pack includes six heating modules, which form an array of three rows and two columns. The heating of each heating module can be controlled by two second switch modules and a third switch module. Specifically, the first end of the first second switch module 21 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 100, and the second end of the first second switch module 21 is connected to the second end of each heating module 30 in the first column of heating modules; the first end of the second second switch module 21 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 100, and the second end of the second second switch module 21 is connected to the second end of each heating module 30 in the second column of heating modules; the first end of the first third switch module 31 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 100, and the second end of the first third switch module 31 is connected to the first end of each heating module 30 in the first row of heating modules; the first end of the second third switch module 31 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 100, and the second end of the second third switch module 31 is connected to the first end of each heating module 30 in the second row of heating modules; the first end of the third third switch module 31 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 100, and the second end of the third third switch module 31 is connected to the first end of each heating module 30 in the third row of heating modules.

[0207] Correspondingly, when the first third switch module 31 and the first second switch module 21 are turned on, the heating modules in the first row and first column are heated; when the first third switch module 31 and the second second switch module 21 are turned on, the heating modules in the first row and second column are heated; when the second third switch module 31 and the first second switch module 21 are turned on, the heating modules in the second row and first column are heated; when the second third switch module 31 and the second second switch module 21 are turned on, the heating modules in the second row and second column are heated; when the third third switch module 31 and the first second switch module 21 are turned on, the heating modules in the third row and first column are heated; when the third third switch module 31 and the second second switch module 21 are turned on, the heating modules in the third row and second column are heated.

[0208] In one possible embodiment, the thermal management device includes a driver chip, which can be a multi-channel intelligent driver chip. Accordingly, the driver chip controls the conduction or disconnection of the second and third switch modules to control the heating of the corresponding heating modules. The integration of multi-channel drive and protection functions into a single chip reduces the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) area by over 50%. Furthermore, the device can control more heating zones and manage the amount of hardware, resulting in a higher overall level of integration. For example, if the driver chip uses an integrated six-channel half-bridge driver, the single chip can simultaneously control multiple heating modules.

[0209] For example, the switching state of each channel can be directly controlled by the PWM signal, supporting independent duty cycle adjustment. Each channel can still be adjusted independently, supporting PWM fine control, which means that dynamic adjustment of the battery pack heating power can be achieved in each heating zone.

[0210] For example, each channel is independently configured with current detection and protection circuits, and the chip has built-in overcurrent and overtemperature protection to reduce the failure rate and ensure the thermal safety of the battery pack.

[0211] In one possible embodiment, the second switch module includes a second transistor; the gate of the second transistor serves as the control end of the second switch module and is connected to the thermal management device; the drain of the second transistor serves as the first end of the second switch module and is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack; and the source of the second transistor serves as the second end of the first switch module and is connected to the heating module.

[0212] The third switch module includes a third transistor; the gate of the third transistor serves as the control end of the third switch module and is connected to the thermal management device; the drain of the third transistor serves as the first end of the third switch module and is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack; the source of the third transistor serves as the second end of the third switch module and is connected to the heating module.

[0213] For example, the second transistor and the third transistor may be MOS transistors.

[0214] In a possible embodiment, the heating module may include a heating film, which may also include other heating elements such as a resistance wire.

[0215] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0216] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the above method is implemented.

[0217] The readable storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile memory device, or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0218] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist in the device as discrete components.

[0219] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; actual implementations may employ alternative divisions, such as combining or integrating multiple units or components into another system, or omitting or disabling certain features. Furthermore, any direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, either through an interface, electrical, mechanical, or other means.

[0220] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0221] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0222] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the method of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0223] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented using hardware associated with program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0224] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily identify other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited solely by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management method, characterized in that: The battery pack includes a plurality of heating modules, and the method includes: When the battery pack is in a steady-state operation stage, heating parameters of the heating module are determined according to the temperature deviation characteristics and temperature change characteristics of the heating module, and the heating parameters are used to control the temperature of the heating module.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the temperature deviation characteristics and the temperature change characteristics of the heating module includes: determining a heating priority of the heating module according to a temperature deviation characteristic and a temperature change characteristic of the heating module; The heating parameters of the heating module are determined according to the heating priority.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining the heating priority of the heating module according to the temperature deviation characteristics and the temperature change characteristics of the heating module includes: determining a first product of a temperature deviation characteristic of the heating module and a first weight corresponding to the temperature deviation characteristic; Determining a second product of a reciprocal of a temperature variation characteristic of the heating module and a second weight corresponding to the temperature variation characteristic; determining a priority characteristic of the heating module according to a sum of the first product and the second product; The heating priority of the heating module is determined according to the priority characteristics of the heating module.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: determining the temperature deviation characteristic according to a difference between the temperature of the heating module and a target temperature; And / or, the temperature change characteristic is determined based on a temperature change rate within a first preset time period.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The heating parameters include heating power; The first heating power of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is higher than the second heating power of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules; The heating priority of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is higher than the heating priority of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the heating priority includes: The first heating powers of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules are determined according to the maximum allowable powers of the heating modules and the total available power corresponding to the steady-state operation phase and in the order of the heating priorities.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The first heating power is less than or equal to 80% of the maximum allowable power.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The heating parameters include heating time; The heating time of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is longer than the heating time of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules; The heating priority of the heating modules in the first group of heating modules is higher than the heating priority of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The step of determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the heating priority includes: The third heating power of the heating modules in the first group of heating zones and the fourth heating power of the heating modules in the second group of heating modules are determined according to the maximum allowable power of the heating modules and the total available power corresponding to the steady-state operation stage.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that One control cycle of the steady-state operation phase includes multiple time slices; The number of time slices corresponding to the first group of heating modules is greater than the number of time slices corresponding to the second group of heating modules.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the battery pack is in a low-temperature startup stage, a heating parameter of the heating module is determined according to a maximum allowable power of the heating module.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the average temperature of the heating module is greater than or equal to a first preset value, and the lowest temperature in the heating module is greater than or equal to a second preset value, exiting the low-temperature startup phase; Alternatively, when the heating time in the low-temperature startup phase reaches a second preset time, the low-temperature startup phase is exited.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the battery pack is in a charging stage, a heating parameter of the heating module is determined according to the temperature of the heating module.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that Determining the heating parameters of the heating module according to the temperature of the heating module includes: When the temperature of the heating module is greater than a third preset value, determining that the heating parameter of the heating module is zero; and / or, when the temperature of the heating module is greater than the temperature of the adjacent heating module, and the temperature difference between the two is greater than a fourth preset value, determining that the heating parameter of the heating module is zero, and increasing the heating parameter of the adjacent heating module; and / or, when the temperature of the heating module is lower than the temperature of the adjacent heating module and the temperature difference between the two is greater than a fifth preset value, determining that the heating parameter of the heating module is greater than zero, and reducing the heating parameter of the adjacent heating module; And / or, when the temperatures of the adjacent plurality of heating modules are all lower than a sixth preset value, the heating of the plurality of heating modules is started in sequence.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein The heating parameters include heating power; The method further comprises: Determining the duty cycle of the next cycle according to the current duty cycle corresponding to the heating power of the current cycle and the predicted temperature of the heating module in the next cycle; The heating power of the next cycle is determined according to the duty cycle of the next cycle.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determining a proportional gain, an integral gain, and a differential gain according to a difference between a temperature of the heating module in a current cycle and a target temperature; The current duty cycle is determined according to the difference, the proportional gain, the integral gain and the differential gain, and the temperature change rate of the heating module within a first preset time period.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The method further comprises: The temperature of the next cycle is predicted according to the historical temperature of the heating module, the current duty cycle, and the ambient temperature.

18. A thermal management device, characterized in that: include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. A battery thermal management circuit, characterized in that: The battery pack includes a plurality of heating modules, and the circuit includes: the thermal management device according to claim 18, and a switch unit; The control end of the switch unit is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, the second end of the switch unit is connected to the heating module, and the heating module is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack; The thermal management device is used to control the switch unit to be turned on or off according to the heating parameters of the heating module, so as to control whether the heating module is heated.

20. The circuit according to claim 19, characterized in that The switch unit includes a plurality of first switch modules; The control end of the first switch module is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the first switch module is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the first switch module is connected to a heating component in a heating module; The thermal management device is used to control the first switch module to be turned on according to the heating parameters of the heating module, so as to control whether the corresponding heating module is heated.

21. The circuit according to claim 20, characterized in that The thermal management device includes a control unit and a selection unit; The control unit is used to determine an enable signal of the first switch module corresponding to the heating module according to the heating parameters of the heating module; The input end of the selection unit is connected to the control unit, and the output end of the selection unit is connected to multiple first switch modules in multiple time slots. The selection unit is used to output the corresponding enable signal to the corresponding first switch module in each time slot.

22. The circuit according to claim 21, characterized in that The selection unit includes a multiplexer or a matrix switch.

23. The circuit according to claim 21, characterized in that The first switch module includes a first transistor; The gate of the first transistor serves as the control terminal of the first switch module, the drain of the first transistor serves as the first terminal of the first switch module, and the source of the first transistor serves as the second terminal of the first switch module.

24. The circuit according to claim 19, wherein: The plurality of heating modules are arranged in an array; the switch unit includes a plurality of second switch modules and a plurality of third switch modules; The control end of the second switch module is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the second switch module is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the second switch module is connected to a column of the heating modules; The control end of the third switch module is connected to the thermal management device, the first end of the third switch module is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the third switch module is connected to a row of heating modules; The thermal management device is used to control the conduction or disconnection of the second switch module and the third switch module according to the heating parameters of the heating module, so as to control whether the corresponding heating module is heated.

25. The circuit according to claim 24, characterized in that The thermal management device includes a driver chip.

26. The circuit according to claim 24, characterized in that The second switch module includes a second transistor; The gate of the second transistor serves as the control terminal of the second switch module, the drain of the second transistor serves as the first terminal of the second switch module, and the source of the second transistor serves as the second terminal of the second switch module; And / or, the third switch module includes a third transistor; The gate of the third transistor serves as the control terminal of the third switch module, the drain of the third transistor serves as the first terminal of the third switch module, and the source of the third transistor serves as the third terminal of the third switch module.

27. The circuit according to any one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that The heating module includes a heating film.

28. A battery pack, characterized in that: A thermal management circuit comprising the thermal management circuit of any one of claims 19-27.

29. An electrical device, characterized in that: Including the battery pack as described in claim 28.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

31. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 when being executed by a processor.

Images