Wave-transparent antenna and antenna system

Abstract

The invention relates to a wave-transparent antenna and an antenna system, the wave-transparent antenna comprises a first outer cover and an FSS reflecting plate, the first outer cover is provided with a rear wall and a front wall, the rear wall and the front wall are arranged in a hollow-out or thin-wall mode in the area corresponding to the FSS reflecting plate, and the area is provided with an ultra-low-loss material plate. And the FSS reflecting plate is arranged on the rear wall or the ultra-low-loss material plate of the rear wall. As the areas, corresponding to the FSS reflecting plate, of the rear wall and the front wall are hollowed out or thin-walled, and the areas are provided with the ultralow-loss material plates, the effective dielectric constant of the areas, corresponding to the FSS reflecting plate, of the rear wall and the front wall is relatively small while the structural strength of the rear wall and the front wall can be ensured, so that the loss of antenna signals is effectively reduced, and the antenna performance is improved. And the influence on the FSS reflecting plate is reduced, so that the radiation efficiency and the beam efficiency of the second antenna can be effectively improved, and the energy efficiency of the antenna is greatly improved. In addition, the material density of the ultralow-loss material plate is smaller than that of the first outer cover, and therefore the overall weight is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a wave-transmitting antenna and an antenna system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communications technology, integrated active and passive base station antennas that integrate 4G and 5G have been widely accepted and applied, becoming a key trend in the evolution of base station antennas. In addition to meeting their own radiation performance requirements, 4G antennas must also ensure that 5G antenna signals can pass through them for effective communication coverage.

[0003] In related technologies, 4G and 5G fusion antennas are assembled front-to-back into a single unit. The 5G antenna signal must sequentially penetrate the back of the 4G antenna, the antenna array, and the front of the radome. However, after the 4G and 5G antennas are integrated, the 5G antenna's radiation pattern is easily distorted, significantly affecting the 5G antenna's coverage and reducing radiation efficiency. Furthermore, the antenna weight increases dramatically. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide a wave-transmitting antenna and antenna system, which can improve radiation efficiency and reduce weight at the same time.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides a wave-transmitting antenna, comprising: a first outer cover and an FSS reflector, the first outer cover having a rear wall and a front wall, the rear wall and the front wall being hollow or thin-walled in the area corresponding to the FSS reflector, and the areas are both provided with ultra-low loss material plates, and the FSS reflector is arranged on the rear wall or the ultra-low loss material plate of the rear wall.

[0006] In one embodiment, the ultra-low loss material plate completely covers the corresponding area.

[0007] In one embodiment, the wave-transmitting antenna further includes a first radiation unit, the FSS reflector and the first radiation unit are both disposed in the first outer cover, and the first radiation unit is located in front of the FSS reflector.

[0008] In one embodiment, a first recess is formed on the outer side surface of the rear wall and extends toward the inside of the first outer cover. The area of ​​the rear wall corresponding to the FSS reflector is set as a first area. The first area is provided at the bottom wall of the first recess. The ultra-low loss material plate provided corresponding to the first area is a first ultra-low loss material plate. The first ultra-low loss material plate is adapted to and fixed in the first recess. And / or,

[0009] A second recess is formed on the outer side surface of the front wall and extends toward the inside of the first outer cover. The area of ​​the front wall corresponding to the FSS reflector is set as the second area. The second area is set on the bottom wall of the second recess. The ultra-low loss material plate set corresponding to the second area is the second ultra-low loss material plate. The second ultra-low loss material plate is adapted to and fixed in the second recess.

[0010] In one embodiment, when the region is configured as a thin wall, the ultra-low loss material plate is correspondingly connected to the inner side surface of the thin wall.

[0011] In one embodiment, a positioning portion is provided on the inner side surface of the thin wall, and the positioning portion is abutted against the corresponding ultra-low loss material plate for positioning.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first outer cover is made of plastic or fiberglass by extrusion molding; and / or the ultra-low loss material plate is made of microporous foamed polypropylene material.

[0013] In one embodiment, the equivalent dielectric constant of the rear wall is less than 1.15; and / or the loss tangent of the rear wall is less than 0.001.

[0014] In one embodiment, the wave-transmitting antenna further includes a support plate, which is made of ultra-low loss material. The support plate is connected to the inner wall of the first outer cover, and the FSS reflector is connected to the side of the support plate.

[0015] In one embodiment, the number of the FSS reflective plates is two, and the two FSS reflective plates are respectively connected to two opposite side surfaces of the support plate.

[0016] On the other hand, the present application also provides an antenna system, which includes the wave-transmitting antenna and a second antenna, wherein the second antenna is located behind the wave-transmitting antenna and is arranged corresponding to the regional position.

[0017] In one embodiment, the area is adapted to the contour shape of the side surface of the second antenna facing the first outer cover, and the center position of the area and the center position of the side surface of the second antenna facing the first outer cover are aligned with each other along the thickness direction of the rear wall.

[0018] In one embodiment, the ratio of the area of ​​the region to the aperture area of ​​the second antenna is K, and 0.5≤K≤10.

[0019] In one embodiment, the number of the second antennas is at least two, and the at least two second antennas are sequentially spaced apart along the vertical direction of the first outer cover; and the area is arranged corresponding to the positions of all the second antennas.

[0020] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the wave-transmitting antenna is lower than the operating frequency band of the second antenna.

[0021] In one embodiment, the wave-transmitting antenna is a passive antenna, and the second antenna is an active antenna.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second antenna includes a second outer cover and a second radiating unit, wherein the second radiating unit is disposed in the second outer cover; the second outer cover abuts against a rear wall of the first outer cover or is spaced apart from the rear wall of the first outer cover.

[0023] The aforementioned wave-transmitting antenna and antenna system, on the one hand, features hollowed-out or thin-walled rear and front walls in the areas corresponding to the FSS reflectors, and both areas are lined with ultra-low-loss material panels. This ensures the structural strength of the rear and front walls while also minimizing the equivalent dielectric constant of the rear and front walls in the areas corresponding to the FSS reflectors. This effectively reduces antenna signal loss and minimizes the impact on the FSS reflectors, thereby effectively improving the radiation efficiency and beam efficiency of the second antenna and significantly enhancing the antenna's energy efficiency. Furthermore, the material density of the ultra-low-loss material panels is lower than that of the first housing, thereby reducing the overall weight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded structure diagram of the antenna system shown.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional structural diagram of the antenna system is shown.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 An exploded structural diagram of the first housing of the antenna system is shown.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of an antenna system according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6Exploded structure diagram of the antenna system shown.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The exploded structural diagram of the first outer cover of the wave-transmitting antenna is shown.

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the antenna system.

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at B.

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 6 The structural diagram of the first outer cover of the wave-transmitting antenna is shown.

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The first outer cover shown hides the structures of the first ultra-low loss material plate and the second ultra-low loss material plate.

[0036] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Another perspective structural diagram of the structure shown.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an antenna system according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Structural diagram of the first housing in the illustrated structure.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of an FSS reflector according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 17 for Figure 16 The structure of the metal layer in the FSS reflector is shown.

[0041] 10. Wave-transmitting antenna; 11. First outer cover; 111. Back wall; 1111. First recess; 1112. First positioning portion; 112. First region; 1121. First hollow opening; 1122. First thin wall; 113. Front wall; 1131. Second recess; 1132. Second positioning portion; 114. Second region; 1141. Second hollow opening; 1142. Second thin wall; 115. Side wall; 12. FSS reflector; 121. Dielectric substrate layer; 122. Metal layer; 1221. Unit portion; 12211. Grid; 12212. Patch; 13. First radiation unit; 14. First ultra-low loss material plate; 15. Second ultra-low loss material plate; 16. Support plate; 20. Second antenna; 21. Second outer cover; 22. Second radiation unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] As described in the background, after the fusion of 4G and 5G antennas in the prior art, the 5G antenna's directional pattern is easily distorted, significantly impacting the 5G antenna's coverage and reducing radiation efficiency. Furthermore, regarding the issue of a sharp increase in antenna weight, the inventors have discovered that this problem arises because 4G antennas in the related art typically utilize a solid plastic (such as PVC / PP / PC) extruded radome or a fiberglass extruded radome (with a corresponding dielectric constant between 2.6 and 4). This higher dielectric constant distorts the 5G antenna's directional pattern, and the higher loss tangent also increases the 5G antenna's loss, significantly impacting its coverage. Furthermore, since the 4G antenna utilizes a solid radome, its weight contributes significantly to the overall weight of the 4G antenna, resulting in an excessively heavy overall 4G and 5G fusion antenna, a significant factor impacting access to the station.

[0044] Based on the above reasons, the present application provides a wave-transmitting antenna and antenna system, which can improve radiation efficiency and reduce weight at the same time.

[0045] It should be noted that the “front” and “rear” in this embodiment are based on the radiation direction of the wave-transmitting antenna, and the radiation direction of the wave-transmitting antenna is from “rear” to “front”.

[0046] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 shows a structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application. An antenna system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: a wave-transmitting antenna 10 and a second antenna 20 .

[0047] For example, the wave-transmitting antenna 10 is a passive antenna, and the second antenna 20 is an active antenna.

[0048] The second antenna 20 is located behind the wave-transmitting antenna 10 .

[0049] See also Figures 2 to 5The wave-transmitting antenna 10 includes a first outer housing 11 and an FSS reflector 12. The first outer housing 11 has a rear wall 111 and a front wall 113. The rear wall 111 and the front wall 113 are both hollow or thin-walled in the areas corresponding to the FSS reflector 12, and are both provided with ultra-low-loss material plates. The FSS reflector 12 is provided on the rear wall 111 or the ultra-low-loss material plate of the rear wall 111.

[0050] It should be noted that the area of ​​the rear wall 111 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 refers to the area on the rear wall 111 that at least partially overlaps with the positive projection of the FSS reflector 12 on the rear wall 111, that is, this area at least partially overlaps with the projection of the FSS reflector 12 along the thickness direction of the rear wall 111.

[0051] Similarly, the area of ​​the front wall 113 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 refers to the area on the front wall 113 that at least partially overlaps with the positive projection of the FSS reflector 12 on the front wall 113, that is, this area at least partially overlaps with the projection of the FSS reflector 12 in the thickness direction of the front wall 113.

[0052] It should be noted that when the rear wall 111 is set as a thin wall in the area corresponding to the FSS reflector 12, the wall thickness of the thin wall is smaller than the wall thickness of other parts of the rear wall 111; similarly, when the front wall 113 is set as a thin wall in the area corresponding to the FSS reflector 12, the wall thickness of the thin wall is smaller than the wall thickness of other parts of the front wall 113.

[0053] The aforementioned wave-transmitting antenna 10 and antenna system, on the one hand, features a hollowed-out or thin-walled configuration on the rear wall 111 and front wall 113 in the areas corresponding to the FSS reflector 12, and both areas are provided with ultra-low-loss material panels. This ultra-low-loss material panel not only ensures the structural strength of the rear wall 111 and front wall 113, but also reduces the equivalent dielectric constant of the rear wall 111 and front wall 113 in the areas corresponding to the FSS reflector 12, thereby effectively reducing antenna signal loss and minimizing the impact on the FSS reflector 12. This effectively improves the radiation efficiency and beam efficiency of the second antenna 20, significantly enhancing the antenna's energy efficiency. Furthermore, the material density of the ultra-low-loss material panel is lower than that of the first outer cover 11, thereby reducing the overall weight.

[0054] For example, the ultra-low-loss material plate completely covers the corresponding area. That is, the area of ​​the ultra-low-loss material plate is larger than the area of ​​the region. Thus, the ultra-low-loss material plate covers a larger area, ensuring the structural strength of the rear wall 111 and the front wall 113.

[0055] For example, the wave-transmitting antenna 10 further includes a first radiating unit 13. The FSS reflector 12 and the first radiating unit 13 are both disposed within the first housing 11. The first radiating unit 13 is located in front of the FSS reflector 12.

[0056] See also Figures 3 to 5 The materials of the rear wall 111 and the front wall 113 can be the same or different, depending on actual needs. For example, the rear wall 111 and the front wall 113 are both made of plastic or fiberglass, which are high-dielectric-constant materials. Therefore, in this application, the equivalent dielectric constant of the first region 112 is reduced by reducing the use of high-dielectric-constant materials, thereby achieving a loss-reducing effect.

[0057] Alternatively, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, when the area of ​​the rear wall 111 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 is hollowed out, that is, the rear wall 111 is provided with a first hollow opening 1121 corresponding to the position of the FSS reflector 12, thereby reducing the material with a high dielectric constant; Figure 14 As shown, when the area of ​​the rear wall 111 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 is thin-walled, that is, a first thin wall 1122 is provided on the rear wall 111 corresponding to the position of the FSS reflector 12. The thickness of the first thin wall 1122 is less than the thickness of the other parts of the rear wall 111, thereby reducing the amount of material with a high dielectric constant. Of course, the rear wall 111 can also be provided with a combination of the first hollow opening 1121 and the first thin wall 1122, that is, a portion of the area is provided with a hollow opening and another portion is provided with a thin wall. Regardless of whether the first hollow opening 1121 or the first thin wall 1122 is provided, the material at the position corresponding to the area of ​​the rear wall 111 is reduced, thereby not only reducing the equivalent dielectric constant, but also reducing the weight of the first outer cover 11.

[0058] Similarly, when the area of ​​the front wall 113 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 is hollowed out, that is, a second hollow opening 1141 corresponding to the position of the FSS reflector 12 is provided on the front wall 113, thereby reducing the material with a high dielectric constant; Figure 14 As shown, when the area of ​​the front wall 113 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 is thin-walled, that is, a second thin wall 1142 is provided on the front wall 113 corresponding to the position of the FSS reflector 12. The thickness of the second thin wall 1142 is less than the thickness of the other parts of the front wall 113, thereby reducing the amount of material with a high dielectric constant. Of course, the front wall 113 can also be provided with a combination of a second hollow opening 1141 and a second thin wall 1142, that is, a hollow opening is provided in one area and a thin wall is provided in another area. Whether the second hollow opening 1141 or the second thin wall 1142 is provided, the material at the corresponding area of ​​the front wall 113 is reduced, thereby not only reducing the equivalent dielectric constant but also reducing the weight of the first outer cover 11.

[0059] The second antenna 20 is arranged corresponding to the regional position.

[0060] It should be noted that “positioned correspondingly” in the positional arrangement of the second antenna 20 and the region means that the projection of the second antenna 20 on the rear wall 111 along the thickness direction of the rear wall 111 at least partially overlaps with the region.

[0061] It should be noted that the FSS reflector 12 (Frequency Selective Surface, FSS) is a special electromagnetic material that is typically designed to transmit, reflect, or absorb electromagnetic waves within a specific frequency band, while presenting a high impedance to other frequency bands. In this embodiment, the first radiating element 13 is located in front of the FSS reflector 12. The FSS reflector 12 acts as a reflector, reflecting the antenna signal of the first radiating element 13 located in front of it, allowing the antenna signal of the first radiating element 13 to radiate forward. The second antenna 20 is located behind the FSS reflector 12. The antenna signal of the second antenna 20 can pass through the FSS reflector 12 and radiate forward.

[0062] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 For example, the region is adapted to the contour shape of the side of the second antenna 20 facing the first outer cover 11, and the center position of the region is aligned with the center position of the side of the second antenna 20 facing the first outer cover 11 along the thickness direction of the rear wall 111.

[0063] Optionally, the second antenna 20 may have a circular, polygonal, or other regular or irregular shape on the side facing the first housing 11. Polygonal shapes include, but are not limited to, rectangles, triangles, pentagons, or other shapes. In this embodiment, the second antenna 20 has a rectangular shape on the side facing the first housing 11, and the area is correspondingly configured as a rectangle.

[0064] For example, the ratio of the area of ​​the region to the aperture area of ​​the second antenna 20 is K, where 0.5 ≤ K ≤ 10. Specifically, K includes, but is not limited to, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 5, or 10. Preferably, 1 ≤ K ≤ 5. More preferably, 1 ≤ K ≤ 1.5.

[0065] When the area of ​​the region is larger than the aperture area of ​​the second antenna 20, that is, K ≥ 1, the equivalent dielectric constant of the portion of the rear wall 111 opposite the radiation area of ​​the second antenna 20 can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing antenna signal loss and the impact on the FSS reflector 12, thereby effectively improving the radiation efficiency and beam efficiency of the second antenna 20. When K ≤ 1.5, the area of ​​the region is small, ensuring the structural strength of the first outer cover 11. In other words, the structural strength of the first outer cover 11 is prevented from being significantly weakened due to the excessive area of ​​the region.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 3 When the first area 112 is configured as a first hollow opening 1121 and the second area 114 is configured as a second hollow opening 1141, the shapes and sizes of the first hollow opening 1121 and the second hollow opening 1141 can be flexibly adjusted and configured according to actual needs. They can be consistent or different, and this is not limited here. In this embodiment, the shapes and sizes of the first hollow opening 1121 and the second hollow opening 1141 are consistent, and the first hollow opening 1121 and the second hollow opening 1141 are aligned with each other.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 When the first area 112 is set as a first thin wall 1122, the wall thickness of the first thin wall 1122 includes but is not limited to 0.5 mm to 2 mm, specifically for example 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm or 2 mm, etc. In this way, the wall thickness of the first thin wall 1122 is relatively small, which can reduce the equivalent resistance. In addition, when the second area 114 is set as a second thin wall 1142, the wall thickness of the second thin wall 1142 is the same as or different from the wall thickness of the first thin wall 1122, which is not limited here. Optionally, the wall thickness of the second thin wall 1142 includes but is not limited to 0.5 mm to 2 mm, specifically for example 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm or 2 mm, etc. In this way, the wall thickness of the second thin wall 1142 is relatively small, which can reduce the equivalent resistance.

[0068] Compared with the structural form of setting the first area 112 as the first hollow opening 1121 and the second area 114 as the second hollow opening 1141, in this application, the first area 112 is set as the first thin wall 1122, which can make the front wall 113 complete, without gaps, and with high sealing; the second area 114 is set as the second thin wall 1142, which can make the rear wall 111 complete, without gaps, and with high sealing.

[0069] See also Figures 3 to 5 It should be noted that when the first area 112 is set as the first hollow opening 1121 and the second area 114 is set as the second hollow opening 1141, the first ultra-low loss material plate 14 can be connected to the inner side surface of the rear wall 111 or the outer side surface of the rear wall 111, which is not limited here; the second ultra-low loss material plate 15 can be connected to the inner side surface of the front wall 113 or the outer side surface of the front wall 113, which is not limited here.

[0070] Furthermore, when the first ultra-low loss material plate 14 is connected to the inner side of the rear wall 111 , the FSS reflector 12 can be connected to the side of the first ultra-low loss material plate 14 facing away from the rear wall 111 , thereby achieving connection to the rear wall 111 .

[0071] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 For example, the outer side surface of the rear wall 111 is formed with a first recessed portion 1111 extending into the first housing 11. The area of ​​the rear wall 111 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 is defined as a first region 112, which is located at the bottom wall of the first recessed portion 1111. The ultra-low-loss material plate corresponding to the first region 112 is a first ultra-low-loss material plate 14, which is adapted to and secured within the first recessed portion 1111. This ensures that the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 is mounted stably on the rear wall 111 and is not easily removed. Furthermore, the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 is positioned within the first recessed portion 1111, and the outer side surface formed by the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 and the rear wall 111 is flat.

[0072] For example, the first hollow opening 1121 is formed in the bottom wall of the first recess 1111. Thus, since the first hollow opening 1121 is formed in the bottom wall of the first recess 1111, the bottom wall area of ​​the first recess 1111 is larger, allowing the first hollow opening 1121 to be formed. Alternatively, the first recess 1111 can extend vertically along the rear wall 111, specifically extending to the upper and lower opposite ends of the first outer cover 11. This facilitates forming the first recess 1111 during the extrusion molding process of the first outer cover 11.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figures 10 to 13 For example, the outer side surface of the front wall 113 is formed with a second recess 1131 extending into the first housing 11. The area of ​​the front wall 113 corresponding to the FSS reflector 12 is defined as a second area 114. The second area 114 is located at the bottom wall of the second recess 1131. The ultra-low-loss material plate corresponding to the second area 114 is a second ultra-low-loss material plate 15. The second ultra-low-loss material plate 15 is adapted to and secured within the second recess 1131. This ensures that the second ultra-low-loss material plate 15 is mounted stably on the front wall 113 and is not easily removed. Furthermore, the second ultra-low-loss material plate 15 is located within the second recess 1131, and the outer side surface formed by the second ultra-low-loss material plate 15 and the front wall 113 is flat.

[0074] When the second hollow opening 1141 is formed in the bottom wall of the second recess 1131, the bottom wall area of ​​the second recess 1131 is relatively large, and the second hollow opening 1141 can be formed. Optionally, the second recess 1131 can extend vertically along the front wall 113, for example, to the upper and lower opposite ends of the first outer cover 11. In this way, the second recess 1131 can be easily formed during the extrusion molding process of the first outer cover 11.

[0075] See also Figure 14 and Figure 15 It should be noted that, similar to the configuration of the first hollow opening 1121 and the second hollow opening 1141, when the first region 112 is configured as a first thin wall 1122 and the second region 114 is configured as a second thin wall 1142, the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 can be connected to either the inner side or the outer side of the first thin wall 1122, without limitation here. Similarly, the second ultra-low-loss material plate 15 can be connected to either the inner side or the outer side of the second thin wall 1142, without limitation here.

[0076] See also Figure 14 and Figure 15 In this embodiment, the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 is connected to the inner side of the first thin wall 1122, and the second ultra-low-loss material plate 15 is connected to the inner side of the second thin wall 1142. Thus, the first and second ultra-low-loss material plates 14, 15 are located inside the first outer cover 11, which improves the product's appearance compared to placing them outside the first outer cover 11.

[0077] Furthermore, when the first ultra-low loss material plate 14 is connected to the inner side of the first thin wall 1122 , the FSS reflector 12 can be connected to the side of the first ultra-low loss material plate 14 away from the first thin wall 1122 , thereby being connected to the rear wall 111 .

[0078] See also Figure 14 and Figure 15 Based on the previous embodiment, the inner side of the thin wall is provided with a positioning portion, which abuts and positions the corresponding ultra-low-loss material plate. Specifically, the inner side of the rear wall 111 is provided with a first positioning portion 1112, which abuts and positions the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14. This arrangement not only improves the installation stability of the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 within the first housing 11, but also enhances the structural strength of the rear wall 111. Optionally, the first positioning portion 1112 includes, but is not limited to, a protrusion, a rib, or a bump.

[0079] It should be noted that the "first positioning portion 1112" in this embodiment can be "a part of the rear wall 111", that is, the "first positioning portion 1112" and the "other parts of the rear wall 111" can be manufactured as one piece; it can also be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the rear wall 111", that is, the "first positioning portion 1112" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the rear wall 111" into a whole.

[0080] Optionally, two first positioning portions 1112 are provided and are respectively located on two opposite sides of the first ultra-low loss material plate 14. Each first positioning portion 1112 abuts against each first ultra-low loss material plate 14 for positioning.

[0081] In addition, the inner side of the front wall 113 is provided with a second positioning portion 1132, which is in contact with the second ultra-low loss material plate 15 for positioning. The specific configuration of the second positioning portion 1132 is similar to that of the first positioning portion 1112 in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0082] For example, at least two second antennas 20 are provided, and the at least two second antennas 20 are sequentially spaced apart along the up-down direction of the first housing 11 .

[0083] The specific number and operating frequency band size of the second antenna 20 can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, and various functions such as multi-standard, multi-frequency and multi-system can be realized.

[0084] For example, the first area 112 is arranged corresponding to the positions of all the second antennas 20 .

[0085] The relationship between the first region 112 and the positions of all second antennas 20 is specifically as follows: for example, at least two first regions 112 are provided, and each first region 112 is provided corresponding to the position of each wave-transmitting antenna 10. Alternatively, for example, one first region 112 is provided, and one first region 112 is provided corresponding to the positions of all second antennas 20.

[0086] For example, the second area 114 is arranged corresponding to the positions of all the second antennas 20 .

[0087] The corresponding arrangement relationship between the second area 114 and all the second antennas 20 is similar and will not be described again here.

[0088] Similarly, the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 can be provided in a configuration of at least two or a single plate. This embodiment uses the configuration of a single first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 as an example. This single first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 can fully cover all first regions 112, improving assembly efficiency. Similarly, the second ultra-low-loss material plate 15 can be provided in a configuration of at least two or a single plate. The specific configuration is not limited here and will not be further described.

[0089] For example, the first outer cover 11 is an integrated structure, including but not limited to being formed by extrusion of plastic or fiberglass, etc. The plastic includes but is not limited to PVC, PP or PC.

[0090] The first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 includes, but is not limited to, microcellular polypropylene foam (MPP). The dielectric constant of the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 is lower than that of the first outer cover 11, and the density of the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 is lower than that of the first outer cover 11. As a result, the equivalent dielectric loss of the structure formed by the first ultra-low-loss material plate 14 and the first region 112 is, for example, 1.06, resulting in a relatively low equivalent dielectric constant. Furthermore, compared to the related art wave-transmitting antenna 10 without a loss reduction portion, the overall weight can be reduced by 20% to 30%, resulting in a relatively low weight.

[0091] The material of the second ultra-low loss material plate 15 is similar to that of the first ultra-low loss material plate 14 , and may be the same as or different from that of the first ultra-low loss material plate 14 , which is not limited here.

[0092] In one embodiment, the equivalent dielectric constant of the rear wall 111 is less than 1.15. This maintains the antenna's performance and improves radiation efficiency. However, if the equivalent dielectric constant of the rear wall 111 is greater than 1.15, the radiation pattern of the second antenna 20 will be distorted, reducing radiation efficiency.

[0093] For example, the loss tangent of the rear wall 111 is less than 0.001. This effectively reduces antenna signal loss and minimizes the impact on the FSS reflector 12, thereby effectively improving the radiation efficiency and beam efficiency of the second antenna 20, significantly enhancing the antenna's energy efficiency. However, a higher loss tangent of the rear wall 111 will increase the loss of the second antenna 20.

[0094] In related art, the 4G antenna's reflective surface is an FSS reflector 12, which requires a strong plastic support. This plastic support further distorts the 5G antenna's radiation pattern and increases losses. Furthermore, the 4G antenna's physical radome rear wall 111 is relatively close to the FSS reflector 12, and its electromagnetic scattering affects the performance of the FSS reflector 12, significantly impacting the 5G antenna's coverage.

[0095] For example, the wave-transmitting antenna 10 further includes a support plate 16. Support plate 16 is made of an ultra-low-loss material and is connected to the inner wall of the first outer cover 11. Specifically, the first outer cover 11 further includes side walls 115. The rear wall 111 and the front wall 113 are connected via the side walls 115. Support plate 16 can be connected to the rear wall 111 and can also be fixedly connected to the side walls 115.

[0096] The FSS reflector 12 is connected to the side of the support plate 16. This eliminates the need for a plastic support. Instead, the FSS reflector 12 is placed on the support plate 16, which is made of ultra-low-loss material. This prevents the plastic support from affecting the wave transmission of the second antenna 20, resulting in better wave transmission performance and lower losses, thereby improving radiation efficiency.

[0097] Optionally, the FSS reflector 12 is bonded or clamped to the support plate 16 , or is fixed to the support plate 16 by fasteners such as pins, rivets or screws.

[0098] Based on the aforementioned embodiment, the number of FSS reflectors 12 is not limited to one, but can be provided as two or more, for example. Two FSS reflectors 12 are connected to opposite sides of the support plate 16, respectively. Compared to a single FSS reflector 12, the two FSS reflectors 12 can couple with each other, increasing bandwidth and being suitable for transmitting signals in the ultra-wideband frequency band.

[0099] See also Figure 16 and Figure 17 For example, the FSS reflector 12 includes a dielectric substrate layer 121 and a metal layer 122 disposed on the dielectric substrate layer 121. The metal layer 122 includes a plurality of unit portions 1221 periodically arranged on the dielectric substrate layer 121. The plurality of unit portions 1221 are formed in multiple rows on the dielectric substrate layer 121, with each row comprising at least two unit portions 1221 arranged sequentially. The unit portions 1221 include a grid 12211 and patches 12212 disposed within the interior of the grid 12211. The grid 12211 is disposed circumferentially around the patches 12212. The grids 12211 are staggered between any two adjacent rows.

[0100] For example, the operating frequency band of the wave-transmitting antenna 10 is lower than the operating frequency band of the second antenna 20 .

[0101] Specifically, the wave-transmitting antenna 10 is, for example, a 4G antenna, and the second antenna 20 is, for example, a 5G antenna.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 4 When the operating frequency band of the wave-transmitting antenna 10 is higher than the operating frequency band of the second antenna 20, since the second antenna 20 is located behind the wave-transmitting antenna 10, the antenna signal of the second antenna 20 will cause the radiation pattern of the wave-transmitting antenna 10 to be distorted when passing through the wave-transmitting antenna 10, resulting in abnormal indicators and low radiation efficiency.

[0103] For example, the second antenna 20 includes a second outer cover 21 and a second radiating unit 22 . The second radiating unit 22 is disposed in the second outer cover 21 . The second outer cover 21 abuts against or is spaced apart from the rear wall 111 of the first outer cover 11 .

[0104] The number of the second radiation units 22 includes but is not limited to one or more. When there are multiple second radiation units 22, the multiple second radiation units 22 are arranged in an array, for example.

[0105] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0106] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0107] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0108] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0109] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0110] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0111] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wave-transmitting antenna, characterized in that: include: A first outer cover and an FSS reflector, wherein the first outer cover has a rear wall and a front wall, wherein the rear wall and the front wall are both hollow or thin-walled in the area corresponding to the FSS reflector, and the areas are both provided with ultra-low loss material plates, and the FSS reflector is provided on the rear wall or the ultra-low loss material plate of the rear wall.

2. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The ultra-low loss material plate completely covers the corresponding area.

3. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The wave-transmitting antenna further includes a first radiation unit. The FSS reflector and the first radiation unit are both disposed in the first outer cover. The first radiation unit is located in front of the FSS reflector.

4. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: A first recess is formed on the outer side of the rear wall and extends toward the inside of the first outer cover. The area of ​​the rear wall corresponding to the FSS reflector is defined as a first area. The first area is provided at the bottom wall of the first recess. The ultra-low loss material plate provided corresponding to the first area is a first ultra-low loss material plate. The first ultra-low loss material plate is adapted to and fixed in the first recess. And / or, A second recess is formed on the outer side surface of the front wall and extends toward the inside of the first outer cover. The area of ​​the front wall corresponding to the FSS reflector is set as the second area. The second area is set on the bottom wall of the second recess. The ultra-low loss material plate set corresponding to the second area is the second ultra-low loss material plate. The second ultra-low loss material plate is adapted to and fixed in the second recess.

5. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: When the region is configured as a thin wall, the ultra-low loss material plate is correspondingly connected to the inner side surface of the thin wall.

6. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning portion is provided on the inner side surface of the thin wall, and the positioning portion is in contact with the corresponding ultra-low loss material plate for positioning.

7. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first outer cover is made of plastic or fiberglass by extrusion and is integrally formed; and / or the ultra-low loss material plate is made of microporous foamed polypropylene.

8. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 7, wherein: The equivalent dielectric constant of the rear wall is less than 1.15; and / or the loss tangent of the rear wall is less than 0.

001.

9. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The wave-transmitting antenna further includes a support plate, which is made of ultra-low loss material and connected to the inner wall of the first outer cover. The FSS reflector is connected to the side of the support plate.

10. The wave-transmitting antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The FSS reflective plates are provided in two numbers, and the two FSS reflective plates are respectively connected to two opposite side surfaces of the support plate.

11. An antenna system, characterized in that: The antenna system includes the wave-transmitting antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and further includes a second antenna, the second antenna being located behind the wave-transmitting antenna, and the second antenna being arranged corresponding to the regional position.

12. The antenna system according to claim 11, wherein: The region is adapted to a contour shape of the side surface of the second antenna facing the first housing, and a center position of the region and a center position of the side surface of the second antenna facing the first housing are aligned with each other along the thickness direction of the rear wall.

13. The antenna system according to claim 12, wherein: The ratio of the area of ​​the region to the aperture area of ​​the second antenna is K, and 0.5≤K≤10.

14. The antenna system according to claim 11, wherein: There are at least two second antennas, which are sequentially spaced apart along the up-down direction of the first housing; and the area is arranged corresponding to the positions of all the second antennas.

15. The antenna system according to claim 11, wherein The operating frequency band of the wave-transmitting antenna is lower than the operating frequency band of the second antenna.

16. The antenna system according to claim 11, wherein: The wave-transmitting antenna is a passive antenna, and the second antenna is an active antenna.

17. The antenna system according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that: The second antenna includes a second outer cover and a second radiation unit, wherein the second radiation unit is disposed in the second outer cover; the second outer cover abuts against a rear wall of the first outer cover or is spaced apart from the rear wall.

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