Portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system and power generation method using same

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system and a power generation method using the same. The power generation system comprises a photovoltaic panel, a hand generator, a storage battery, a DC-DC converter and an auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit comprises a photovoltaic diode, a photovoltaic capacitor, a photovoltaic resistor, a converter inductor, a converter capacitor, a converter diode and a converter switch; the photovoltaic panel is connected with a photovoltaic diode, and the photovoltaic diode is connected with a photovoltaic capacitor, a converter capacitor and a converter switch in parallel; the photovoltaic resistor is connected between the photovoltaic diode and the photovoltaic capacitor, the converter inductor is connected between the photovoltaic capacitor and the converter switch, and the converter diode is connected between the converter switch and the converter capacitor; and the hand generator is connected to the storage battery. The solar energy, mechanical energy and electric energy coupled power generation system effectively solves the problem that outdoor or field travel energy is inconvenient to obtain, and is convenient to use and carry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation systems, and in particular relates to a portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system and a power generation method using the same. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern technology, mobile electrical and electronic devices are increasingly used in people's work and daily lives, and the demand for portable power supplies is rapidly increasing. How to conveniently obtain power outdoors has become a pressing issue. Common solutions to the current shortage of small, portable outdoor power supplies include: 1. Using batteries for power; 2. Converting solar energy into electricity.

[0003] For method 1: using batteries as outdoor power sources, it is low-cost and easy to use. However, the capacity of the battery is limited. When the battery power is less than 50%, people often have power anxiety.

[0004] Regarding Method 2: In recent years, as the wave of economic globalization has swept the world, issues such as energy and environmental protection have become increasingly prominent international topics, and international environmental cooperation is booming. Solar energy, as a new energy source, is green, clean, pollution-free, and inexhaustible. It is used in many small outdoor power supply devices.

[0005] However, since solar energy is an unstable and discontinuous energy source, its use in areas without power grids requires the installation of large energy storage equipment or the adoption of multi-energy complementary methods to ensure that the power generation system can provide stable power supply. This requirement is not suitable for outdoor portable mobile power devices.

[0006] Therefore, finding a portable, easy-to-obtain, sustainable power generation device for use as an outdoor power source is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system with simple structure and good use effect, and a power generation method using the same.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic panel, a hand-cranked generator, a battery, a rectifier circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, and a charging circuit;

[0009] The photovoltaic panel is provided with a mounting unit, which includes a base and a connecting base. The base is provided with a vertically arranged rotating motor, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the connecting base; the connecting base is provided with a swing motor, and the output shaft of the swing motor is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the swing motor is arranged horizontally;

[0010] The output end of the hand-cranked generator is connected to the rectifier circuit; the output ends of the photovoltaic panel and the rectifier circuit are connected to the charging circuit through the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the charging circuit charges the battery.

[0011] The voltage stabilization circuit includes a DC-DC converter and an auxiliary circuit; the auxiliary circuit includes a photovoltaic diode, a photovoltaic capacitor, a photovoltaic resistor, a converter inductor, a converter capacitor, a converter diode, and a converter switch;

[0012] The photovoltaic diode is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic capacitor is connected in parallel to the photovoltaic diode;

[0013] The photovoltaic resistor is connected between the photovoltaic diode and the photovoltaic capacitor;

[0014] The converter switch is used to control the on and off of the DC-DC converter, and the converter capacitor is connected in parallel to the battery;

[0015] The converter inductor is connected between the photovoltaic capacitor and the converter switch, and the converter diode is connected between the converter switch and the converter capacitor.

[0016] The charging circuit includes a rectifier circuit and a step-down chopper circuit. The output end of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input end of the step-down chopper circuit. The output end of the step-down chopper circuit is connected to the battery through a commutation switch tube.

[0017] The step-down chopper circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor and a first inductor; the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the DC output end of the rectifier circuit; the collector of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube through the first inductor, and the collector of the commutation switch tube is connected to the battery; the base of the first transistor is connected to a central control module, and the central control module outputs a signal to control whether the first transistor and the commutation switch tube are turned on; the base of the second transistor is connected to a saturation circuit, and the saturation circuit outputs a signal to control whether the second transistor is turned on.

[0018] The saturation circuit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier and a saturation resistor; the emitter of the commutation switch tube is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier, and the reference voltage signal is input to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier; the output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier through the saturation resistor, and the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube; the output terminal of the second amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier, and the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier is input with a triangular wave signal; the output terminal of the third amplifier is connected to the base of the second transistor.

[0019] The charging circuit also includes a buffer circuit; the central control module includes an energy storage controller, and the voltage signal of the step-down chopper circuit is transmitted to the signal input end of the energy storage controller; the energy storage controller outputs a signal to control whether the first transistor and the commutation switch tube are turned on.

[0020] The buffer circuit includes a fourth amplifier, a fifth amplifier, a sixth amplifier, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a conversion switch and a second inductor; the energy storage controller outputs a signal to control the conduction of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor; the collector of the third transistor is connected to the emitter of the fourth transistor and the emitter of the fifth transistor through the inductor; the emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded; the emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded through a grounding capacitor; the non-inverting input and the inverting input of the fourth amplifier are both connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube, the output of the fourth amplifier is connected to the inverting input of the fifth amplifier, the non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the collector of the third transistor, the non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the sixth amplifier, the inverting input of the sixth amplifier is connected to the triangular wave signal, and the output of the sixth amplifier is connected to the base of the fourth transistor and the base of the fifth transistor through the first end and the second end of the conversion switch respectively.

[0021] Light intensity sensors are provided on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. The light intensity sensors collect light intensity signals and transmit the collected light intensity signals to the first controller. The first controller outputs signals to control the rotation of the rotating motor.

[0022] The power generation method using the portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system comprises the following steps:

[0023] (1) Place the photovoltaic panel in sunlight;

[0024] (2) Choose a hand-cranked generator based on light intensity;

[0025] (3) The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel and the hand-cranked generator enters the charging circuit, which determines whether to input the electrical energy into the battery for storage;

[0026] (4) During the charging process, component balancing control is performed between multiple battery packs.

[0027] The judgment of the charging circuit in step (3) is determined by the following table, wherein Table 1 gives the control strategy; Table 2 gives the parameter value range; Table 3 gives the working status;

[0028] Table 1 Control strategy

[0029]

[0030] Table 2 Parameter value range

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Table 3 Working status

[0034]

[0035] According to the parameter value range given in Table 2, find the corresponding control strategy from Table 1. According to the control strategy found in Table 1, find the corresponding working state from Table 3.

[0036] Through the above technical scheme, the technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system described in the present invention organically combines light energy and mechanical energy, effectively solving the problem of inconvenient access to electricity energy during outdoor or field travel and in poor areas; at the same time, the set energy storage control unit can ensure the charging effect of the battery; 2. The capacitor connected in parallel to the battery can improve the battery's ability to discharge large currents instantly, and also extend the battery's service life and the battery's load capacity; 3. The set charging circuit realizes the buffering of current, avoids direct impact on the battery, and realizes smooth entry into the battery, avoiding the impact of current fluctuations on the battery; 4. The set installation unit realizes the installation of the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time, ensures that the photovoltaic panel tracks the sun, thereby improving the amount of electricity converted by the photovoltaic panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the high-pass filter circuit connected to the load RC;

[0039] Figure 3 This is the schematic diagram of the charging circuit;

[0040] Figure 4 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the energy storage controller;

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation unit structure;

[0042] Figure 6 The random output voltage of the rectifier circuit;

[0043] Figure 7 The rectifier circuit outputs random current;

[0044] Figure 8 For Figure 6 and Figure 7 Battery charging voltage under simulated voltage and current;

[0045] Figure 9 For Figure 6 and Figure 7 Battery charging current under simulated voltage and current.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hand-cranked generator in Example 2;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a hand-cranked generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Portable photoelectric coupled new energy power generation system, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a photovoltaic panel 12, a hand-crank generator, a battery, and a DC-DC converter. When in use, the photovoltaic panel 12 can generate electricity alone, or when there is insufficient sunlight, the hand-crank generator can generate electricity, and the generated electricity is stored in the battery to supply the subsequent load R L In this embodiment, the electricity generated by the hand-crank generator is stored in the battery. Those skilled in the art will understand how to implement this method. For example, for a hand-crank generator with a DC output, the DC power it generates can be directly stored in the battery. If it is an AC output hand-crank generator, an AC-DC converter needs to be connected between the hand-crank generator and the battery to convert it into DC power and then store it in the battery. In this embodiment, the battery is used to supply the subsequent load R L When supplying power, the DC-DC converter can output electrical signals of different voltages to supply different loads R L To ensure the battery's performance, a capacitor is connected in parallel to the battery. This capacitor improves the battery's ability to handle instantaneous high-current discharges, extending its lifespan and load capacity. The capacitor's specifications are 470μF / 25V.

[0049] In order to ensure the normal operation of the above system, an auxiliary circuit is connected to the system, wherein the auxiliary circuit includes a photovoltaic diode I d , photovoltaic capacitor C1, photovoltaic resistor R s ; Photovoltaic diode I d The positive and negative electrodes are connected to the + and - terminals of the DC output terminals of the photovoltaic panel 12 respectively. The photovoltaic capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the photovoltaic diode I d Both ends of the photovoltaic resistor R s Connect the photovoltaic diode I d Between the positive electrode and the photovoltaic capacitor C1, the photovoltaic capacitor C1 can filter out the clutter.

[0050] Photovoltaic resistance R sConnect a DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter is used to achieve voltage conversion. Set the DC-DC converter according to the needs of the battery to achieve charging. Specifically: if the battery is 24V, then you need to use a DC-DC converter to convert the voltage to below 24V. Otherwise, the voltage is too high, resulting in excessive current, increasing the battery load, and affecting the battery life.

[0051] A converter switch S, a converter diode D, and a converter capacitor C2 are connected to the DC-DC converter, and the converter capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to the battery.

[0052] The converter switch S is used to control the on and off of the DC-DC converter. The converter inductor L bos Connected between the photovoltaic capacitor C1 and the converter switch S, the converter diode D is connected between the converter switch S and the converter capacitor C2. The converter diode D prevents reverse electromotive force from being superimposed on the input voltage when the converter switch S is turned off, which would cause a high-voltage spike across the converter switch S.

[0053] The hand-crank generator is connected to a rectifier circuit. The AC signal of the hand-crank generator is converted into DC after passing through the rectifier circuit and then input into the battery. Of course, a filter circuit is also required after passing through the rectifier circuit. That is, the conversion of AC into DC requires both a rectifier circuit and a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit. Since this part is a mature existing technology, this embodiment will not elaborate on this part. It only needs to be implemented according to the existing technology. Of course, the hand-crank generator can also be directly connected to the AC load R L , to the AC load R L In this embodiment, in order to make the battery supply power to the AC load R L To supply power, you need to connect an inverter circuit to the battery to convert the DC power stored in the battery into AC power, and then supply the AC load R L , wherein the inverter circuit is a mature existing technology, and its specific composition will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0054] In order to ensure that the AC load R L The effect of using the AC load R L The LC high-pass filter circuit is connected to filter out the low-frequency harmonics in the bidirectional converter. Figure 2 shown.

[0055] To ensure efficient battery charging, a charging circuit is connected to the battery. The charging circuit includes a rectifier circuit and a step-down chopper circuit. The output of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input of the step-down chopper circuit, which in turn is connected to the mains circuit, which is then connected to the battery via a commutation switch VT3. The DC power from the photovoltaic panel is rendered more stable after passing through the rectifier circuit. Connecting a filter circuit and a voltage regulator circuit to the rectifier circuit is also standard practice. If the DC power waveform from the rectifier circuit is not stable enough, the filter circuit and voltage regulator circuit can be connected to the rectifier circuit. After adding the corresponding circuits, the subsequent step-down chopper circuit can be connected. Since adding a filter circuit and a voltage regulator circuit is necessary when the DC power waveform is unstable, it is well-established in the art and will not be further described in this embodiment.

[0056] The step-down chopper circuit includes a first transistor VT2, a second transistor T3, and a first inductor; the emitter of the first transistor VT2 is connected to the DC output end of the rectifier circuit; the collector of the first transistor VT2 is connected to the emitter of the second transistor T3, the collector of the second transistor T3 is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube VT3 through the first inductor, and the collector of the commutation switch tube VT3 is connected to the battery; the base of the first transistor VT2 is connected to a central control module, and the central control module outputs a signal to control whether the first transistor VT2 and the commutation switch tube VT3 are turned on; the base of the second transistor T3 is connected to a saturation circuit, and the saturation circuit outputs a signal to control whether the second transistor T3 is turned on.

[0057] Among them, the saturation circuit includes a first amplifier U1, a second amplifier U2, a third amplifier U3 and a saturation resistor; the emitter of the commutation switch tube VT3 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier U1, and the reference voltage signal is input to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier U1; the output terminal of the first amplifier U1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier U2 through the saturation resistor, and the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier U2 is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube VT3; the output terminal of the second amplifier U2 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier U3, and the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier U3 is input with a triangular wave signal; the output terminal of the third amplifier U3 is connected to the base of the second transistor T3.

[0058] In this embodiment, the charging circuit also includes a buffer circuit; the central control module includes an energy storage controller U7. The voltage and current signals of the main circuit are transmitted to the signal input terminal of the energy storage controller U7. The energy storage controller U7 outputs signals to control the conduction or cutoff of the first transistor VT2 and the commutation switch VT3. The microcontroller outputs signals to the base of the transistors to turn them on or off, which is a mature existing technology. In this embodiment, the signal output pins PB7 and PB6 of the energy storage controller U7 are respectively connected to the first transistor and the commutation switch.

[0059] Here, the buffer circuit includes a fourth amplifier U4, a fifth amplifier U5, a sixth amplifier U6, a third transistor VT1, a fourth transistor T4, a fifth transistor T5, a conversion switch SW1 and a second inductor; the energy storage controller U7 outputs a signal to control the conduction of the third transistor VT1, the emitter of the third transistor VT1 is connected to the collector of the first transistor VT2; the collector of the third transistor VT1 is connected to the emitter of the fourth transistor T4 and the emitter of the fifth transistor T5 through the inductor; the emitter of the fourth transistor T4 is grounded; the emitter of the fifth transistor T5 is grounded through the grounding capacitor; The non-inverting input and the inverting input of the fourth amplifier U4 are both connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube VT3, the output of the fourth amplifier U4 is connected to the inverting input of the fifth amplifier U5, the non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier U5 is connected to the collector of the third transistor VT1, the non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier U5 is connected to the non-inverting input of the sixth amplifier U6, the inverting input of the sixth amplifier U6 is connected to the triangular wave signal, and the output of the sixth amplifier U6 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor T4 and the base of the fifth transistor T5 through the first end of the conversion switch SW1 and the second end of the conversion switch SW1 respectively.

[0060] The energy storage controller U7 used in this embodiment is a mature existing technology. A single-chip microcomputer (model STMF32103) can be used directly, and will not be described in detail here. The single-chip microcomputer collects voltage and current signals, which is a mature existing technology. A first voltage sensor is directly connected to the circuit where the voltage signal is to be collected, and the signal output terminal of the first voltage sensor is connected to the single-chip microcomputer. A current sensor is directly connected to the circuit where the current signal is to be collected, and the signal output terminal of the current sensor is connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0061] Among them, the single chip microcomputer collects voltage signals through voltage sampling circuits and collects current signals through current sampling circuits, which are both mature existing technologies. The implementation methods are as follows:

[0062] Connect the current sensor J1 to the main circuit. The current sensor J1 uses a Hall current sensor J1, manufactured by Beijing Senshe Electronics Co., Ltd., model CHK-Y4. The signal output end of the current sensor J1 is connected to the signal input end (pin PB0) of the energy storage controller U7.

[0063] At the same time, a first voltage sensor J2 is connected to the main line. This first voltage sensor uses a voltage transmitter manufactured by Beijing Senshe Electronics Co., Ltd., model number CHZ-VP. The signal output of the first voltage sensor J2 is connected to the signal input (pin PB1) of the energy storage controller U7. The PB0 and PB1 pins of the microcontroller can receive analog signals and convert them into digital signals.

[0064] During operation, since the output voltage and power of the generator fluctuate greatly, the electrical signal first enters the rectifier circuit for re-rectification to prevent the AC signal from mixing into the DC signal. After rectification, the electrical signal enters the step-down chopper circuit for step-down chopping. The signal after step-down chopping is sent to the energy storage controller U7. If the voltage signal is too small, the energy storage controller U7 outputs a signal to directly disconnect the converter switch tube VT3. If the voltage signal exceeds the minimum threshold, the converter switch tube VT3 is in the on state, and the voltage signal enters the first amplifier U1. After being compared with the reference voltage signal, it passes through the second amplifier U2 and the third amplifier U3 in sequence and enters the main circuit again to achieve compensation.

[0065] If the current signal exceeds the minimum threshold, the commutation switch tube VT3 is also in the on state, and the current signal will enter the first amplifier U1. After being compared with the reference voltage signal, it will pass through the second amplifier U2 and the third amplifier U3 in sequence. By changing the triangle wave signal of the third amplifier U3, the current signal is amplified. After amplification, the current signal enters the main circuit again to achieve compensation.

[0066] See Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 for details.

[0067] If the voltage signal is too large, the energy storage controller U7 outputs a signal to turn on the buffer circuit to buffer the current, avoid direct impact on the battery, and ensure smooth entry into the battery, avoiding the impact of current fluctuations on the battery.

[0068] In this embodiment, the commutation switch tube VT3 and the buffer circuit are turned on together, which is a situation of buffering and charging at the same time; when the commutation switch tube is turned off and the buffer circuit is turned on, it is a situation of buffering on and charging is stopped; compensation of current and voltage is achieved through the saturation circuit.

[0069] To ensure that the photovoltaic panel 12 receives maximum light intensity, the photovoltaic panel 12 is mounted on a mounting unit. During implementation, the mounting unit secures the photovoltaic panel 12 and facilitates its movement. The mounting unit includes a base 14 and a connecting base 16. A vertically mounted rotary motor 15 is mounted on the base 14. The output shaft of the rotary motor 15 is connected to the connecting base 16. Thus, when the rotary motor 15 is operating, it drives the connecting base 16 to rotate horizontally.

[0070] The connecting seat 16 is provided with a swing motor 13, the output shaft of the swing motor 13 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 12, and the swing motor 13 is horizontally arranged. Under the effect of the swing motor 13, the photovoltaic panel 12 will swing up and down in the horizontal direction.

[0071] like Figure 4As shown, light intensity sensors are provided on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 12. The light intensity sensors collect light intensity signals and transmit the collected light intensity signals to the first controller. The first controller outputs a signal to control the rotation of the rotating motor 15. The rotating motor 15 drives the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate in the horizontal direction, so that the photovoltaic panel 12 finds the position of maximum light intensity.

[0072] The first controller finds the maximum light intensity based on the following principle: the location with the largest average value of the light intensity signals collected by the two light intensity sensors on both sides is the location with the largest light intensity. The first controller finds the location with the largest average value based on the two light intensity signals, which is a mature prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0073] At the same time, a second voltage sensor is connected to the current output end of the photovoltaic panel 12, and the second voltage sampling circuit collects the voltage signal and transmits the collected voltage signal to the first controller. The first controller outputs a signal based on the received signal to control the operation of the swing motor 13, and the swing motor 13 will drive the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate up and down.

[0074] During operation, the second voltage sensor collects a voltage signal and transmits the collected voltage signal to the first controller; the first controller outputs a signal to cause the swing motor 13 to work, driving the photovoltaic panel 12 to swing up and down. When the voltage signal of the second voltage sensor continues to increase, the swing motor 13 continues to drive the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate until the voltage signal remains unchanged; when the voltage signal decreases, the first controller outputs a signal to drive the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0075] During implementation, the first controller first rotates the rotary motor to find the position of maximum light intensity according to the signal of the light intensity sensor, and then swings the swing motor according to the voltage signal to rotate to the position with the maximum output voltage in the vertical direction.

[0076] As an alternative to this embodiment, a light intensity sensor may collect light signals and transmit the collected light signals to a first controller. The first controller outputs a signal to an LED circuit based on the collected light signals. The LED circuit includes a red light-emitting diode and a green light-emitting diode. The first controller outputs a signal to drive the red and green light-emitting diodes to emit light. When the light intensity is insufficient, the red light-emitting diode illuminates; when the light intensity is sufficient, the green light-emitting diode illuminates. The microcontroller causing different light-emitting diodes to illuminate based on the received signals is a mature prior art technology, and its implementation will not be further described in this embodiment.

[0077] The first controller used can directly use a single-chip microcomputer (model STMF32103). The single-chip microcomputer controls the operation of the motor according to the received signal, so that the output shaft of the motor rotates. It is a mature existing technology and can directly use a motor driver chip (model L298N).

[0078] The portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system described in the present invention organically combines light energy and mechanical energy, effectively solving the problem of inconvenient access to electricity energy during outdoor or field travel and in poor areas; at the same time, the energy storage control unit provided can ensure the charging effect of the battery.

[0079] The power generation method using the portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system comprises the following steps:

[0080] (1) Place the photovoltaic panel 12 in sunlight;

[0081] The photovoltaic panel 12 generates electricity under the action of sunlight. During use, the light intensity sensor collects the light intensity signal, and the voltage sampling circuit collects the voltage signal. According to the light intensity signal and the voltage signal, the photovoltaic panel 12 rotates in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively, thereby tracking the sunlight and ensuring maximum reception of solar energy.

[0082] (2) Select a hand-crank generator based on the light intensity. In the initial stage and when the light intensity is insufficient, a hand-crank generator can be used to supplement the light. When there is no light, a hand-crank generator can also be used alone.

[0083] (3) The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel 12 and the hand-cranked generator enters the charging circuit, and the charging circuit determines whether to input the electrical energy into the battery for storage;

[0084] (4) During the charging process, component balancing control is performed between multiple battery packs. The technology of balancing multiple battery packs during charging to achieve balanced charging is a mature prior art, as described in the patent application CN106532829A, entitled "Two-stage balancing control circuit, system, and control strategy for battery pack charging and discharging." This embodiment will not further elaborate on this technical solution.

[0085] In step (3), the judgment of the charging circuit is determined by the following table, wherein Table 1 gives the control strategy; Table 2 gives the parameter value range; Table 3 gives the working status;

[0086] Table 1 Control strategy

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Table 2 Parameter value range

[0090]

[0091] Table 3 Working status

[0092]

[0093] According to the parameter value range given in Table 2, find the corresponding control strategy from Table 1. According to the control strategy found in Table 1, find the corresponding working state from Table 3.

[0094] In Table 2, In is the threshold current, which is a predetermined value.

[0095] In order to verify the control effect of this charging circuit, two random inputs are used: current and voltage to simulate the power fluctuation caused by random light intensity. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown. The artificial setting input voltage value fluctuates within the normal range of 0~3s, is too large in 3~6s, too small in 6~8s, fluctuates within the normal range of 8~10s, is too small in 10~11s, and fluctuates back to the normal range in 11~13s; the input current value fluctuates within the normal range of 0~1s, is too small in 1~2s, is too large in 2~4s, fluctuates within the normal range of 4~5s, is too small in 5~6s, fluctuates within the normal range of 6~7s, is too large in 7~9s, is too small in 9~11s, and fluctuates back to the normal range in 11~13s; according to the simulation results, Figure 9 and Figure 10 , gives the changes of charging voltage and charging current in the simulation stage; from Figure 8 and Figure 9 It can be seen that only when the voltage and current are normal can a stable charging process be carried out, thus protecting the battery. The simulation results show that the entire charging process effectively reduces the impact of random fluctuations on the battery charging, achieving the design requirement of smooth and continuous charging. At the same time, it shows the temporary energy storage under low light intensity, which improves the utilization rate of light energy.

[0096] To address the current challenges of portable power generation devices, which are insufficiently functional and limited in scope, this team proposed a power generation system that couples solar energy, mechanical energy, and electrical energy. This innovative approach connects a planetary gear transmission system to photovoltaic panels 12, enabling them to rotate and swing according to the intensity of sunlight at different times of day. This effectively addresses the inconvenience of obtaining electricity during outdoor travel or in impoverished areas. Secondly, a multi-field cross-coupling test method was used to optimize the photovoltaic coupling system, exploring the matching coupling relationship between the multifunctional parameters of the energy transfer subsystems within the system—light energy, mechanical energy, electrical energy, and energy storage—to improve the overall energy efficiency of the photovoltaic system.

[0097] Example 2: This example differs from Example 1 in that: this example improves the hand-cranked generator, and compared with ordinary hand-cranked generators, the hand-cranked generator provided by this example has higher efficiency.

[0098] Among them, such as Figure 11As shown, the hand-cranked generator includes a shell 4, with an upper end cover 2 and a lower end cover 7 at both ends of the shell 4 respectively. A positioning pin 5 is provided between the upper end cover 2 and the shell 4, so that the upper end cover 2 and the shell 4 are fixed by the positioning pin 5. At the same time, a protective cover 1 is provided on the outside of the upper end cover 2, and the protective cover 1 and the upper end cover 2 are fixed by bolts 3.

[0099] A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in the center of the housing 4, connected to an outer rotor 6-2. A stator is located inside the outer rotor 6-2. The stator comprises a stator core 9-1 and stator windings 9-2. A connecting ring 8 is provided on the stator, which is fixedly connected to the housing 4 via the connecting ring 8, thereby securing the stator. This embodiment creatively places the rotor on the outside and the stator on the inside of the rotor.

[0100] The main shaft 10 is rotatably mounted on a mounting housing 20 , and a handle 17 is mounted on the mounting housing 20 . The handle 17 is horizontally mounted, and a vertically mounted connecting rod 19 is connected to the handle 17 . The connecting rod 19 is connected to the main shaft 10 via a three-stage gear transmission module 18 .

[0101] During operation, the handle 17 is turned, which drives the connecting rod 19, which drives the three-stage gear transmission module 18 to rotate the main shaft 10, and the main shaft 10 drives the outer rotor 6-2 to rotate, thereby generating current on the stator, realizing hand-cranked power generation. It can generate a large amount of electricity with relatively small force, and has a good use effect.

Claims

1. Portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system, characterized by: Including photovoltaic panels, hand-crank generators, batteries, rectifier circuits, voltage stabilizing circuits, and charging circuits; The photovoltaic panel is provided with a mounting unit, which includes a base and a connecting base. The base is provided with a vertically arranged rotating motor, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the connecting base; the connecting base is provided with a swing motor, and the output shaft of the swing motor is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the swing motor is arranged horizontally; The output end of the hand-cranked generator is connected to the rectifier circuit; the output ends of the photovoltaic panel and the rectifier circuit are connected to the charging circuit through the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the charging circuit charges the battery.

2. The portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage stabilization circuit includes a DC-DC converter and an auxiliary circuit; the auxiliary circuit includes a photovoltaic diode, a photovoltaic capacitor, a photovoltaic resistor, a converter inductor, a converter capacitor, a converter diode, and a converter switch; The photovoltaic diode is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic capacitor is connected in parallel to the photovoltaic diode; The photovoltaic resistor is connected between the photovoltaic diode and the photovoltaic capacitor; The converter switch is used to control the on and off of the DC-DC converter, and the converter capacitor is connected in parallel to the battery; The converter inductor is connected between the photovoltaic capacitor and the converter switch, and the converter diode is connected between the converter switch and the converter capacitor.

3. The portable photovoltaic coupled new energy power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a rectifier circuit and a step-down chopper circuit. The output end of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input end of the step-down chopper circuit. The output end of the step-down chopper circuit is connected to the battery through a commutation switch tube.

4. The portable photovoltaic coupled new energy power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step-down chopper circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor and a first inductor; the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the DC output end of the rectifier circuit; the collector of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube through the first inductor, and the collector of the commutation switch tube is connected to the battery; the base of the first transistor is connected to a central control module, and the central control module outputs a signal to control whether the first transistor and the commutation switch tube are turned on; the base of the second transistor is connected to a saturation circuit, and the saturation circuit outputs a signal to control whether the second transistor is turned on.

5. The portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The saturation circuit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier and a saturation resistor; the emitter of the commutation switch tube is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier, and the reference voltage signal is input to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier; the output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier through the saturation resistor, and the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube; the output terminal of the second amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier, and the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier is input with a triangular wave signal; the output terminal of the third amplifier is connected to the base of the second transistor.

6. The portable photovoltaic coupled new energy power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charging circuit also includes a buffer circuit; the central control module includes an energy storage controller, and the voltage signal of the step-down chopper circuit is transmitted to the signal input end of the energy storage controller; the energy storage controller outputs a signal to control whether the first transistor and the commutation switch tube are turned on.

7. The portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer circuit includes a fourth amplifier, a fifth amplifier, a sixth amplifier, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a conversion switch and a second inductor; the energy storage controller outputs a signal to control the conduction of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor; the collector of the third transistor is connected to the emitter of the fourth transistor and the emitter of the fifth transistor through the inductor; the emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded; the emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded through a grounding capacitor; the non-inverting input and the inverting input of the fourth amplifier are both connected to the emitter of the commutation switch tube, the output of the fourth amplifier is connected to the inverting input of the fifth amplifier, the non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the collector of the third transistor, the non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the sixth amplifier, the inverting input of the sixth amplifier is connected to the triangular wave signal, and the output of the sixth amplifier is connected to the base of the fourth transistor and the base of the fifth transistor through the first end and the second end of the conversion switch respectively.

8. The portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Light intensity sensors are provided on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. The light intensity sensors collect light intensity signals and transmit the collected light intensity signals to the first controller. The first controller outputs signals to control the rotation of the rotating motor.

9. A method for generating electricity using the portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Place the photovoltaic panel in sunlight; (2) Choose a hand-cranked generator based on light intensity; (3) The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel and the hand-cranked generator enters the charging circuit, which determines whether to input the electrical energy into the battery for storage; (4) During the charging process, component balancing control is performed between multiple battery packs.

10. The portable photovoltaic coupling new energy power generation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The judgment of the charging circuit in step (3) is determined by the following table, wherein Table 1 gives the control strategy; Table 2 gives the parameter value range; Table 3 gives the working status; Table 1 Control strategy Table 2 Parameter value range Table 3 Working status According to the parameter value range given in Table 2, find the corresponding control strategy from Table 1. According to the control strategy found in Table 1, find the corresponding working state from Table 3.

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