Automatic allergen prick test device based on microfluidic technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of allergen detection, in particular to an automatic allergen pricking test device based on a microfluidic technology, which comprises an integrated pricking unit array, a central driving system and an intelligent injection system, each module comprises a precise metering pump, a pricking needle head assembly and a pressure feedback system; the central driving system adopts a high-precision stepping motor I to control the pressurization operation of a plurality of precision metering pumps; the intelligent injection system is composed of a fixed cylinder, a sliding cylinder and a sealing assembly, and the pricking liquid is pressurized through a precise metering pump to enter the sliding cylinder, so that the sliding cylinder is pushed to slide downwards, the sealing assembly is jacked open by a separation unit, and the needle head can be filled with the pricking liquid; a pressure response type one-way valve is arranged at the bottom of the sliding cylinder, and after the space below the partition plate is filled with pricking liquid, the pricking liquid penetrates through the one-way valve to push the needle head to move downwards, so that the effect of an automatic pricking test is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the field of allergen detection technology, specifically, to an automatic allergen prick test device based on microfluidic technology. Background Art

[0002] Many allergy sufferers often go to the allergy clinic for allergen testing. Allergen testing is mainly divided into in vitro testing and in vivo testing. In vitro testing uses routine blood tests to analyze allergens. In vivo testing directly observes the body's physiological response to allergens. The most common method is the skin prick test. The skin prick test is to drop a small amount of highly purified allergen liquid on the patient's forearm, and then gently pierce the surface of the skin with a puncture needle. By observing the patient's skin reaction, the patient's sensitizing allergen is determined. Generally, after 10-15 minutes of the prick operation, the prick results are observed and the negative control and positive control are measured. If the area or diameter of the wheal produced by the allergen prick liquid at the puncture site is more than 25% of the positive control, it can be determined as a positive result.

[0003] In the skin prick test, in order to detect multiple allergens at the same time or set up a control experiment, it is necessary to perform multiple punctures at different locations on the skin. The traditional way is to insert different puncture needles into the surface of the skin at different locations. In order to improve the efficiency of vaccination, some devices that assist medical staff in performing multi-point prick tests have appeared in the prior art, such as a skin prick auxiliary device for detecting allergens in children disclosed in a Chinese invention patent (CN118806338A). The device has multiple positioning sleeves installed on the top of the threaded sleeve, and the positioning sleeve and the interior of the positioning plate are provided with positioning holes that are compatible with the positioning sleeves. When in use, the medical staff adjusts the position of the positioning sleeve to adjust the penetration depth of the puncture needle. The medical staff puts multiple puncture needles into the positioning sleeve, and the puncture needles are driven by the positioning sleeve to perform the puncture operation. Another example is a Chinese utility model patent (CN214048911U) that discloses a depth-adjustable skin pricking auxiliary device for children's allergen detection. The device has multiple fixed sleeves installed on a clip plate. When in use, pricking liquid is dripped into the corresponding position, and then the pricking needle is inserted along the sliding sleeve to achieve the pricking operation.

[0004] In the above-mentioned prior art, the inoculation device can only assist in adjusting the position and depth, but cannot automatically and simultaneously perform acupuncture operations on multiple points. Therefore, the applicant invented an automatic allergen inoculation device that can quickly and accurately perform acupuncture operations on multiple points on the skin simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic allergen prick test device based on microfluidic technology. The inoculation device continuously pressurizes the allergen prick liquid through multiple pumps, and can sequentially complete the operations of injecting the prick liquid into the puncture end and pushing the puncture end to perform the prick test, thereby achieving the effect of automatic prick testing on multiple points.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: an automatic allergen pricking test device based on microfluidic technology includes a laminated plate, an integrated pricking unit array is installed on the laminated plate, the integrated pricking unit array includes at least one group of microfluidic pricking modules, the microfluidic pricking modules include a plurality of pricking needle assemblies and precision metering pumps of the same number, the laminated plate is provided with a liquid storage chamber of the same number as the pricking needle assemblies; a liquid inlet pipe is provided between the corresponding precision metering pumps and the pricking needle assemblies to connect them, the liquid inlet end of the precision metering pump is connected to the liquid storage chamber, the liquid storage chamber is used to store allergen liquid, the precision metering pump can pressurize the allergen liquid in the liquid storage chamber into the pricking needle assembly, and the pricking needle assembly uses the pressurization effect of the precision metering pump to perform an automatic pricking operation; a driving mechanism is provided between the plurality of precision metering pumps, and the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive all the precision metering pumps in the microfluidic pricking module to perform a pressurization operation;

[0007] The pricking needle assembly includes a fixed cylinder, a sliding cylinder and a pricking device; the fixed cylinder is vertically penetrated and arranged on the fitting plate, the sliding cylinder is located inside the fixed cylinder, the top of the sliding cylinder is inserted into the top wall of the fixed cylinder and slides in contact with the fixed cylinder, the bottom of the sliding cylinder passes through the bottom of the fixed cylinder and is located directly below the fixed cylinder, and a spring is installed between the outer wall of the sliding cylinder and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder to connect them; the pricking device is simultaneously slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the fixed cylinder and the sliding cylinder; a through hole is opened at the bottom of the sliding cylinder, and a sealing device is provided at the through hole to block it; the bottom of the sliding cylinder is also provided with a plurality of through grooves, and a pressure-responsive one-way valve is installed in each of the plurality of through grooves;

[0008] The pricking device includes a connector with a top opening, a needle, a spring, a rubber cap and a separation unit; the connector is simultaneously sleeved on the sliding cylinder and the fixed cylinder and forms a sealed cavity between the connector and the sliding cylinder, the end of the needle is connected to the connector, the rubber cap is sleeved on the needle, a cavity is opened in the rubber cap, and the liquid outlet end of the needle is located in the cavity; the spring is sleeved on the needle, and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the connector and the rubber cap; the separation unit is fixedly installed in the connector, dividing the sealed cavity in the connector into two parts, and the protrusion of the separation unit can push open the sealing device when it contacts the sliding cylinder, so that the inside of the sliding cylinder is connected with the needle.

[0009] Furthermore, the sealing device includes a fixing frame, a second spring and a sealing plate; the fixing frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding cylinder, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the fixing frame and the top surface of the sealing plate; in a natural state, the sealing plate is subjected to the elastic force of the second spring and adheres to the inner side of the bottom of the sliding cylinder to block the through hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the separation unit includes an annular partition, a liquid injection cylinder, a bracket and a push rod; the partition is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid injection cylinder, and the side wall of the partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting head; the bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the liquid injection cylinder, the bottom of the push rod is fixedly connected to the bracket, the top of the push rod is located outside the liquid injection cylinder, and the push rod is located directly below the sealing plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure-responsive one-way valve includes a spring four and a baffle. One end of the spring four is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the through groove, and the other end of the spring four is fixedly connected to the baffle. In a natural state, the baffle is fitted with the bottom of the sliding cylinder under the tension of the spring four.

[0012] Furthermore, the precision metering pump includes a shell with an opening on one side, a hose, a hollow shaft and multiple extrusion mechanisms; the shell is fixedly mounted on a fitting plate, the hose is fitted on the inner wall of the shell, one end of the hose is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the hose is connected to the liquid storage chamber; the two ends of the hollow shaft are rotatably connected to the two side walls of the shell, and multiple extrusion mechanisms are fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the hollow shaft, and the extrusion mechanism can squeeze the hose when the hollow shaft rotates, thereby pressurizing the allergen pricking solution; the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive the hollow shafts of multiple precision metering pumps to rotate.

[0013] Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism includes a hollow cylinder, a sliding rod, an extrusion roller and a pressure regulating unit; the end of the hollow cylinder is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the hollow shaft and is connected to the interior of the hollow shaft; the sliding rod is inserted into the hollow cylinder and is in sliding contact with the hollow cylinder, and the extrusion roller is rotatably mounted on the sliding rod; the pressure regulating unit is mounted on one side of the shell, and the pressure regulating unit can adjust the telescopic length of the sliding rods in multiple extrusion mechanisms.

[0014] Furthermore, a side cavity is opened at the end of the hollow shaft, and the pressure regulating unit includes motor 2, a threaded rod and a piston; the output end of motor 2 is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod, and the piston is sleeved on the threaded rod and in sealed sliding contact with the side cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a motor 1 and multiple transmission rods. The motor 1 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the shell of one of the precision metering pumps. The output end of the motor 1 is fixedly connected to the axis center of the hollow shaft. The two ends of the multiple transmission rods are respectively fixedly connected to the hollow shafts of the two adjacent precision metering pumps.

[0016] Furthermore, the laminating plate is detachably provided with a plurality of sealing plugs for blocking the openings of the liquid storage chamber.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Connect the puncture needle assembly in the microfluidic puncture module to the precision metering pump through the liquid inlet tube, slide the sliding cylinder in the puncture needle assembly and insert it on the top of the fixed cylinder, slide the connector onto the sliding cylinder and the fixed cylinder, and set a sealing device at the bottom of the sliding cylinder, and set a partition unit inside the connector that can open the sealing device. With this structural design, the pressurized action of the precision metering pump can allow the allergen liquid to push the sliding cylinder downward and fill the inside of the needle, so that the entire integrated puncture unit array is in a state ready for puncture. In addition, a pressure-responsive one-way valve is installed in the through groove of the sliding cylinder. When the pressure inside the sliding cylinder continues to increase, the high-pressure allergen liquid can enter the space above the partition and push the needle into the patient's skin to realize automatic puncture operation.

[0019] 2. A cavity is opened in the rubber cap, and the rubber cap is placed on the liquid outlet end of the needle, with the needle tip located in the cavity. When the allergen liquid is pressurized by the precision metering pump, not only is the interior of the needle emptied, but the needle can also be accurately inserted into the patient's subcutaneous tissue to a specified depth based on the position of the rubber cap. At the same time, the intelligent injection system of the entire device only controls the pressurization state of the precision metering pump based on whether the spring 3 has reached the maximum compression amount, thereby achieving precise automatic vaccination operation;

[0020] 3. A partition is provided in the connector, and the injection cylinder is provided through the partition. A push rod protruding toward the top is provided in the injection cylinder. When the sliding cylinder contacts the injection cylinder, the push rod can push open the sealing device. This structural design can not only use the high pressure of the allergen liquid to push the needle into the patient's skin surface, but also can separate the pricking liquid in the sliding cylinder from the pricking liquid in the needle during the pricking operation to avoid cross contamination;

[0021] 4. Multiple groups of retractable extrusion mechanisms are set on the hollow shaft of the precision metering pump, and at the same time, a motor 2 and a piston that can adjust the extrusion strength of the extrusion mechanism are installed in the side cavity of the hollow shaft. This not only can accurately adjust the pressurization strength of each precision metering pump, but also enable the needle of each puncture needle assembly to accurately penetrate the surface of the patient's skin; in addition, the present application connects multiple precision metering pumps in parallel through a transmission rod, and by driving motor 1, multiple precision metering pumps can simultaneously pressurize the allergen liquid to simultaneously push multiple puncture needle assemblies; the above structure can not only improve the vaccination efficiency by simultaneously driving multiple puncture needle assemblies for puncture, but also achieve precise puncture of irregular surface areas such as arms and backs, so that each puncture needle assembly can penetrate the patient's subcutaneous tissue to a specified depth.

[0022] 5. Spring three is sleeved on the needle, and spring one is set between the inner wall of the fixed cylinder and the outer wall of the sliding cylinder. In this way, after the needle pierces the surface of the patient's skin, the precision metering pump stops working, allowing the puncture needle assembly to return to its original position for secondary use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a side view of an automatic allergen prick test device based on microfluidic technology provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of an automatic allergen prick test device based on microfluidic technology provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the puncture needle assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the sliding cylinder is filled with allergen liquid;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the puncture needle assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the sliding cylinder and the injection cylinder are in contact;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the puncture needle assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the sealing device is pushed open and the needle is filled with puncture liquid;

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the puncture needle assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the needle is performing puncture;

[0031] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 10 is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the sliding cylinder and the fixed cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pricking device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between multiple precision metering pumps provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a single precision metering pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals in the above drawings:

[0039] 1. Laminating plate; 2. Extrusion roller; 3. Groove; 4. Connector; 5. Liquid storage chamber; 6. Needle; 7. Rubber cap; 8. Fixed cylinder; 9. Sealing plug; 10. Sliding cylinder; 11. Liquid inlet pipe; 12. Housing; 13. Motor 1; 14. Transmission rod; 15. Spring 1; 16. Bump; 17. Spring 3; 18. Cavity; 19. Fixed ring; 20. Fixed frame; 21. Sealing plate; 22. Partition; 23. Liquid injection cylinder; 24. Bracket; 25. Push rod; 26. Through hole; 27. Spring 4; 28. Spring 2; 29. ​​Through groove; 30. Baffle; 31. Hose; 32. Hollow shaft; 33. Hollow cylinder; 34. Sliding rod; 35. Side cavity; 36. Motor 2; 37. Threaded rod; 38. Piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0042] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-15 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] An allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology includes a laminated plate 1, which is made of natural / synthetic rubber. An integrated prick unit array is installed on the laminated plate 1. Depending on the width of the inoculation site, the integrated prick unit array can be configured to consist of at least one group of microfluidic prick modules. In this embodiment, two groups of microfluidic prick modules are installed on the laminated plate 1, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each group consists of 5 units, and the microfluidic pricking module is mainly composed of a precision metering pump, a pricking needle assembly, and a pressure feedback system. In order to simultaneously detect multiple allergens or set up a control experiment, this embodiment opens 10 liquid storage chambers 5 inside the laminated plate 1, and the liquid storage chambers 5 correspond one to one with the microfluidic pricking modules. The liquid inlet end of the precision metering pump is connected to the liquid storage chamber 5, and the liquid outlet end of the precision metering pump is connected to the pricking needle assembly. In order to facilitate the addition of pricking liquid into the liquid storage chamber 5, a rubber sealing plug 9 is installed on the top of each liquid storage chamber 5 in this embodiment.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the puncture needle assembly mainly consists of a fixed cylinder 8, a sliding cylinder 10 and a puncture device; Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fixed cylinder 8 is fixedly installed on the plywood 1, and the top of the sliding cylinder 10 is open. The top of the sliding cylinder 10 is inserted into the top of the fixed cylinder 8 and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 8. The top wall of the sliding cylinder 10 is convex, and the width of the annular groove on the top of the fixed cylinder 8 matches the wall thickness of the top of the sliding cylinder 10. When the sliding cylinder 10 moves downward to a certain position, the top of the sliding cylinder 10 will be limited, thus preventing the sliding cylinder 10 from separating from the fixed cylinder 8. The fixed cylinder 8 is connected to the precision metering pump through the liquid inlet pipe 11. Since the top of the sliding cylinder 10 is open, no matter how the sliding cylinder 10 slides along its length, the liquid inlet pipe 11 is always connected to the sliding cylinder 10, so that the pressurized allergen liquid can enter the sliding cylinder 10. When the sealing area formed by the sliding cylinder 10 and the fixed cylinder 8 is filled with the allergen liquid, the allergen liquid can directly push the sliding cylinder 10 to move downward along the fixed cylinder 8 under the continuous pressurization of the precision metering pump.

[0046] In order to make the sliding cylinder 10 contact with the pricking device when it moves to the lowest position, the sliding cylinder 10 must be outside the fixed cylinder 8 when it moves to the lowest position. In this embodiment, the sliding cylinder 10 is Figure 3 In the initial position shown, the pricking device is outside the fixed cylinder 8, and is slidably sleeved on the fixed cylinder 8 and the sliding cylinder 10 at the same time.

[0047] In order to ensure that the sliding cylinder 10 can immediately return to its initial position when the precision metering pump stops pressurizing, two protrusions 16 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 10, and a fixing ring 19 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 8. A spring 15 is fixedly installed between the protrusion 16 and the fixing ring 19. The protrusion 16 is arranged directly below the fixing ring 19. When the sliding cylinder 10 moves downward, the spring 15 is stretched. When the precision metering pump stops pressurizing, the spring 15 can pull the entire sliding cylinder 10 back to its initial position.

[0048] The pricking device is mainly composed of a connector 4, a needle 6, a spring 17 and a rubber cap 7. Figure 3 As shown, the connector 4 is slidably sleeved on the fixed cylinder 8 and the sliding cylinder 10 at the same time. There is a certain damping between the connector 4, the sliding cylinder 10 and the fixed cylinder 8. When the connector 4 is not subjected to any force, the connector 4 will not fall down. The inside of the connector 4 is a cavity with an opening at the top, and the size matches the cross-sectional size of the sliding cylinder 10. When the connector 4 is sleeved on the sliding cylinder 10 and the fixed cylinder 8, a sealed cavity is formed between the fixed cylinder 8 and the connector 4. The needle 6 of the pricking device is fixed on the connector 4 and connected to the cavity. A cavity 18 is opened inside the rubber cap 7, and the rubber cap 7 is sleeved on the liquid outlet end of the needle 6, and the liquid outlet end of the needle 6 is located in the cavity 18. After the allergen pricking test is completed, the medical staff can directly remove and replace the entire pricking device by twisting the side wall of the connector 4. The new puncture device connector 4 slides onto the fixed cylinder 8. When medical personnel reinstall the new puncture device, the connector 4 is restrained by the fixed cylinder 8, ensuring that the new connector 4 is installed in a fixed position. The ends of spring 3 17 are fixedly connected to the connector 4 and the top of the rubber cap 7, respectively. To reduce the use of spring 3 17 and provide an upward spring force to the connector 4, this embodiment has spring 3 17 sleeved onto the needle 6.

[0049] In order to allow the allergen liquid to fill the sliding cylinder 10 and then enter the cavity of the connector 4, Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, a through hole 26 is provided at the bottom of the sliding cylinder 10, and a sealing device is fixedly installed at the position of the through hole 26. The sealing device mainly consists of a fixing frame 20, a second spring 28 and the sliding cylinder 10. The fixing frame 20 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 10, and the two ends of the second spring 28 are fixedly connected to the fixing frame 20 and the sealing plate 21 respectively. In the initial state, the sealing plate 21 blocks the through hole 26 due to the elastic force of the second spring 28. At the same time, an annular partition 22 is fixedly installed in the connector 4, and a liquid injection cylinder 23 is fixedly installed at the center of the partition 22. The liquid injection cylinder 23 protrudes upward, and a bracket 24 is fixedly installed in the liquid injection cylinder 23. A push rod 25 is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket 24. The top end of the push rod 25 is located above the top opening of the liquid injection cylinder 23. The liquid injection cylinder 23 and the partition 22 separate the chambers of the connector 4. The injection cylinder 23 is located directly below the through-hole 26, and its inner diameter is larger than that of the through-hole 26. When the sliding cylinder 10 is pushed to its lowest position by the allergen liquid (the top of the sliding cylinder 10 is restrained), the top surface of the injection cylinder 23 seals against the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder 10. Simultaneously, the push rod 25 directly pushes the sealing plate 21 upward, thus connecting the interior of the sliding cylinder 10 to the space below the partition 22 in the connector 4 through the injection cylinder 23, allowing the allergen liquid to flow smoothly into the connector 4.

[0050] In order to enable the entire connector 4 to move downwards for the pricking operation, Figures 8-11 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple through-slots 29 are provided at the bottom of the sliding cylinder 10. A pressure-responsive one-way valve is disposed within the through-slots 29. The pressure-responsive one-way valve primarily comprises a spring 27 and a baffle 30. The top of the baffle 30 is fixedly connected to the end of the spring 27, while the other end of the spring 27 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through-slot 29. In the initial state, the top surface of the baffle 30 is in sealing contact with the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder 10. At this time, the spring 27 is in a stretched state, and the baffle 30, under the tension of the spring 27, is in tight contact with the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder 10. When the pressure of the allergen liquid within the sliding cylinder 10 exceeds the tension of the spring 27, the baffle 30 is pushed downward by the allergen liquid and enters the space above the partition 22 of the connector 4. Once the space above the partition 22 is filled, further allergen liquid is added, which in turn pushes the connector 4 downward. This structure not only requires only a small amount of allergen liquid to move the entire pricking device, but also enables the sealing plate 21 to re-block the through hole 26 before the needle 6 pierces the skin, ensuring that the pricking liquid under the partition 22 is separated from the pricking liquid in the sliding cylinder 10, thereby avoiding cross infection.

[0051] In this embodiment, Precision metering pumps The pressurization method is the same as that of the peristaltic pump, but the precision metering pump of this embodiment can adjust the pressurization intensity. Figure 13and Figure 15 As shown, the precision metering pump mainly consists of a shell 12 with an opening on one side, a hollow shaft 32, a hose 31, and three sets of extrusion mechanisms; the shell 12 is fixedly mounted on the bonding plate 1, and the two ends of the hollow shaft 32 are connected to the two side walls of the shell 12 by means of bearings. The hose 31 is attached to the inner side wall of the shell 12, and the three sets of extrusion mechanisms are distributed with equal arc lengths on the rotating surface of the hollow shaft 32. The extrusion mechanism mainly consists of a hollow cylinder 33, a sliding rod 34, and an extrusion roller 2. One end of the hollow cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow shaft 32 and is connected to the interior of the hollow shaft 32. The sliding rod 34 is inserted into the hollow cylinder 33, and the extrusion roller 2 is rotatably mounted on the end of the sliding rod 34. A sealed chamber is formed between the hollow shaft 32, the sliding rod 34, and the hollow cylinder 33. The extrusion roller 2 can squeeze the hose 31 when the hollow shaft 32 rotates. A pressure feedback system is provided in the precision metering pump. The pressure feedback system mainly consists of a pressure sensor (not marked in the figure) and a central processing unit (not marked in the figure). The sensing end of the pressure sensor is located in the hollow shaft 32. During normal pressurization, since the extrusion roller 2 can smoothly squeeze the hose 31, the internal pressure of the hollow shaft 32 remains unchanged. When the pressurization cannot continue, the hose 31 is still filled with liquid. At this time, after the extrusion roller 2 contacts the hose 31, the sliding rod 34 moves toward the hollow shaft 32. The pressure sensor transmits the sensed high pressure value to the central processing unit. The central processing unit will adjust the pressure adjustment unit to reduce the pressurization intensity of the precision metering pump to 0.

[0052] To adjust the pressure intensity of the precision metering pump, this embodiment provides a side chamber 35 at the axis of the hollow shaft 32. A pressure regulating unit is installed in the side chamber 35. The pressure regulating unit mainly consists of a second motor 36, a threaded rod 37, and a piston 38. The second motor 36 is embedded in the transmission rod 14. The output end of the second motor 36 is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod 37. The piston 38 is sleeved on the threaded rod 37, and the piston 38 is in sealed sliding contact with the side wall of the side chamber 35. One side of the piston 38 forms a sealed space with the hollow shaft 32 and the hollow cylinder 33. When the piston 38 squeezes the sealed space, the three sliding rods 34 move outward simultaneously under the action of air pressure, which enables the extrusion roller 2 to squeeze the hose 31. The pressure intensity of the precision metering pump is determined by the squeezing intensity of the extruded hose 31. When the puncture needle assembly can no longer be filled with allergen liquid, the pressure sensor senses the increased pressure in the sealed space within the hollow shaft, causing motor 2 36 to rotate in the opposite direction, piston 38 to move toward motor 2 36, and sliding rod 34 to move toward hollow shaft 32 under the negative pressure. As hollow shaft 32 rotates, squeezing roller 2 is unable to squeeze hose 31, and the precision metering pump stops pressurizing. This solution not only allows the central processor to independently adjust the pressure level of each precision metering pump, but also allows hose 31 to remain connected when the precision metering pump is unpressurized. When the sliding cylinder 10 returns to its initial position, the allergen liquid within the sliding cylinder 10 can return to the liquid storage chamber 5.

[0053] In order to reduce the use of motors, such as Figure 2 and Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, a motor 13 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the housing 12 of one precision metering pump. The output end of motor 13 is connected to the hollow shaft 32 of the precision metering pump via a transmission rod 14. The hollow shafts 32 of multiple precision metering pumps are also connected via transmission rods 14. With this structure, when motor 13 rotates, it can simultaneously drive all parallel precision metering pumps.

[0054] In order to allow the user to easily replace the connector 4, Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, grooves 3 are provided at the bottom of the bonding plate 1 corresponding to the positions of the puncture needle assemblies, and the bottom of the fixed cylinder 8 is arranged in the groove 3. In this way, when replacing the connector 4, it is easier for medical staff to twist the connector 4 and insert it into the groove 3 to achieve replacement. Figure 12 ) need to be replaced directly after puncture.

[0055] It is important to note that the test device of the present application can be used for conventional puncture of the palmar side of the forearm. It can also be used for puncture of the back when the patient's forearm skin is damaged, inflamed, or cannot be fully exposed. The main difference between the present device for puncture of the palmar side of the forearm and the back is the number of microfluidic puncture modules. Since the skin on the back is thicker than that on the forearm, the maximum compression of the spring 3 17 sleeved on the needle 6 is also different. During production, the above characteristics need to be adjusted according to the specific application scenario.

[0056] The inoculation device can be connected to an external power source or embedded with a battery, which is embedded in the bonding plate 1. The power switch (not marked in the figure) is also set on the bonding plate 1. The above-mentioned electrical components are of conventional design and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0057] Working principle: When using this device, the laminating plate 1 is placed on the designated part, and the bottom surface of the rubber cap 7 is in contact with the patient's skin. Then, the power supply is turned on (not marked in the figure). At this time, the motor 2 36 drives the threaded rod 37, and the piston 38 moves to the rightmost position, so that the entire extrusion mechanism is extended to the longest state. Under the action of the motor 13, the hollow shaft 32 rotates, and the extrusion roller 2 squeezes the hose 31 to achieve the pressurization effect. At this time, the allergen liquid is pressurized into the sliding cylinder 10. When the sliding cylinder 10 is filled ( Figure 3 ), then continue to pressurize and inject the allergen liquid, and the allergen liquid pushes the sliding cylinder 10 downward, and the sealed space formed between the sliding cylinder 10 and the fixed cylinder 8 is always filled with the allergen liquid. When the sliding cylinder 10 and the liquid injection cylinder 23 come into contact, the push rod 25 pushes open the sealing plate 21 ( Figure 6 and Figure 7 ), at this time, the precision metering pump continues to pressurize, and the allergen liquid enters the bottom of the partition 22 of the connector 4 through the liquid injection cylinder 23 and enters the needle 6, emptying the needle 6. When the cavity 18 of the rubber cap 7 is also filled with the pricking liquid, the sliding cylinder 10 has reached the specified position at this time, and the precision metering pump continues to pressurize, and the allergen liquid pushes the baffle 30 open and enters the space above the partition 22 ( Figure 8 and Figure 9), when the upper space is filled, continue to pressurize, and the liquid enters the space above the partition 22 of the connector 4, which can push the connector 4 downward, allowing the needle 6 to pass through the rubber cap 7 and penetrate the patient's subcutaneous tissue. When the spring three 17 can no longer be compressed, the squeezing roller 2 can no longer squeeze the hose 31, and the pressure sensor inside the hollow shaft 32 senses the pressure increase. At this time, the central processing unit immediately adjusts the motor two 36 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the piston 38 moves to the end close to the motor two 36. The entire sliding rod 34 will shrink into the hollow shaft 32 under the action of negative pressure, and the hose 31 is in a natural state. Under the action of spring one 15, the sliding cylinder 10 and the connector 4 under the action of spring three 17 both return to their initial positions. Finally, the medical staff can remove the connector 4 for replacement.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic allergen prick test device based on microfluidic technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises a laminating plate (1), on which an integrated pricking unit array is mounted, wherein the integrated pricking unit array comprises at least one group of microfluidic pricking modules, wherein the microfluidic pricking modules comprise a plurality of pricking needle assemblies and precision metering pumps of the same number, wherein the laminating plate (1) is provided with a liquid storage cavity (5) of the same number as the pricking needle assemblies; a liquid inlet pipe (11) is provided between the corresponding precision metering pumps and the pricking needle assemblies to connect them, wherein the liquid inlet end of the precision metering pump is connected to the liquid storage cavity (5), wherein the liquid storage cavity (5) is used to store allergen liquid, wherein the precision metering pump can pressurize the allergen liquid in the liquid storage cavity (5) into the pricking needle assembly, and the pricking needle assembly performs an automatic pricking operation by utilizing the pressurizing effect of the precision metering pump; wherein a driving mechanism is provided between the plurality of precision metering pumps, wherein the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive all the precision metering pumps in the microfluidic pricking module to perform a pressurizing operation; The puncture needle assembly comprises a fixed cylinder (8), a sliding cylinder (10) and a puncture device; the fixed cylinder (8) is vertically penetrated and arranged on the bonding plate (1); the sliding cylinder (10) is located inside the fixed cylinder (8); the top of the sliding cylinder (10) is inserted into the top wall of the fixed cylinder (8) and is in sliding contact with the fixed cylinder (8); the bottom of the sliding cylinder (10) passes through the bottom of the fixed cylinder (8) and is located directly below the fixed cylinder (8); the sliding cylinder ( A spring (15) is installed between the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (10) and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (8); the pricking device is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the fixed cylinder (8) and the sliding cylinder (10); a through hole (26) is opened at the bottom of the sliding cylinder (10), and a sealing device is provided at the through hole (26) to block it; a plurality of through grooves (29) are also provided at the bottom of the sliding cylinder (10), and a pressure-responsive one-way valve is installed in each of the plurality of through grooves (29); The pricking device comprises a connector (4) with a top opening, a needle (6), a spring (3) (17), a rubber cap (7) and a separation unit; the connector (4) is simultaneously sleeved on the sliding cylinder (10) and the fixed cylinder (8) and forms a sealed cavity (18) between the connector and the sliding cylinder (10); the end of the needle (6) is connected to the connector (4); the rubber cap (7) is sleeved on the needle (6); a cavity (18) is opened in the rubber cap (7), and the liquid outlet end of the needle (6) is located in the cavity (18); the spring (3) (17) is sleeved on the needle (6), and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the connector (4) and the rubber cap (7); the separation unit is fixedly installed in the connector (4) to separate the sealed cavity (18) in the connector (4) into two parts, and the protrusion of the separation unit can push open the sealing device when it contacts the sliding cylinder (10), so that the interior of the sliding cylinder (10) is communicated with the needle (6).

2. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing device comprises a fixing frame (20), a second spring (28) and a sealing plate (21); the fixing frame (20) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sliding cylinder (10), and the two ends of the second spring (28) are respectively connected to the fixing frame (20) and the top surface of the sealing plate (21); in a natural state, the sealing plate (21) is subjected to the elastic force of the second spring (28) to fit the inner side of the bottom of the sliding cylinder (10) and block the through hole (26).

3. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition unit comprises an annular partition (22), a liquid injection cylinder (23), a bracket (24) and a push rod (25); the partition (22) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid injection cylinder (23), and the side wall of the partition (22) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connector (4); the bracket (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the liquid injection cylinder (23), the bottom of the push rod (25) is fixedly connected to the bracket (24), the top of the push rod (25) is located outside the liquid injection cylinder (23), and the push rod (25) is located directly below the sealing plate (21).

4. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-responsive one-way valve comprises a spring four (27) and a baffle (30), one end of the spring four (27) being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the through groove (29), and the other end of the spring four (27) being fixedly connected to the baffle (30). In a natural state, the baffle (30) is subjected to the pulling force of the spring four (27) and fits with the bottom of the sliding cylinder (10).

5. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision metering pump comprises a shell (12) with an opening on one side, a hose (31), a hollow shaft (32) and a plurality of squeezing mechanisms; the shell (12) is fixedly mounted on a plywood (1); the hose (31) is fitted on the inner wall of the shell (12); one end of the hose (31) is connected to a liquid inlet pipe (11); and the other end of the hose (31) is connected to a liquid storage chamber (5); both ends of the hollow shaft (32) are rotatably connected to the two side walls of the shell (12); a plurality of squeezing mechanisms are fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the hollow shaft; the squeezing mechanisms can squeeze the hose (31) when the hollow shaft (32) rotates, thereby pressurizing the allergen pricking liquid; and the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive the hollow shafts (32) of the plurality of precision metering pumps to rotate.

6. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism comprises a hollow cylinder (33), a sliding rod (34), an extrusion roller (2) and a pressure regulating unit; the end of the hollow cylinder (33) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the hollow shaft (32) and is communicated with the interior of the hollow shaft (32); the sliding rod (34) is inserted into the hollow cylinder (33) and is in sliding contact with the hollow cylinder (33); the extrusion roller (2) is rotatably mounted on the sliding rod (34); the pressure regulating unit is mounted on one side of the housing (12), and the pressure regulating unit can adjust the telescopic length of the sliding rods (34) in multiple extrusion mechanisms.

7. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: A side cavity (35) is formed at the end of the hollow shaft (32), and the pressure regulating unit comprises a second motor (36), a threaded rod (37) and a piston (38); the output end of the second motor (36) is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod (37), and the piston (38) is sleeved on the threaded rod (37) and is in sealing and sliding contact with the side cavity (35).

8. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a motor (13) and a plurality of transmission rods (14). The motor (13) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of a housing (12) of one of the precision metering pumps. The output end of the motor (13) is fixedly connected to the axis of the hollow shaft (32). The two ends of the plurality of transmission rods (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the hollow shafts (32) of two adjacent precision metering pumps.

9. The allergen automatic prick test device based on microfluidic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminating plate (1) is detachably provided with a plurality of sealing plugs (9) for blocking the openings of the liquid storage chamber (5).

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