Hot fine blanking process for rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of new energy automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to a hot fine blanking process for a rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of a new energy automobile. The hot fine blanking process comprises the following steps that S1, a numerical control cutting blanking machine carries out precise blanking; s2, electromagnetic precision stretching forming is carried out; s3, carrying out electromagnetic precise bending and flanging; s4, electromagnetic precision blanking is carried out; s5, high-energy laser precise trimming and shaping; s6, slowly cooling to room temperature along with the furnace; s7, heat treatment; s8, physical and chemical performance inspection; according to the hot fine blanking process for the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of the new energy automobile, the forming precision and the production efficiency of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of the new energy automobile are improved through electromagnetic precision stretching, electromagnetic precision bending and flanging, electromagnetic precision blanking, high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping and the like; light-weight precision manufacturing of parts of the protection plate is achieved, and a new way is provided for light weight, energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental pollution reduction of new energy automobiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precision forming of automobile protective plates, and in particular to a hot precision stamping process for a rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of a new energy vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of precision blanking technology, the application of new light alloy plates (referring to new materials such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium and their rare earth alloys, carbon fiber and graphene) in precision parts of new energy vehicles, 3C electronic products, rail transportation, navigation, aviation and aerospace equipment has gradually increased.

[0003] To reduce energy consumption and emissions, alleviate environmental pollution, and achieve green manufacturing, traditional automobiles are moving toward lightweighting and new energy sources. Light alloys of aluminum, magnesium, and titanium, as well as their composite materials, are used in the manufacture of automotive structural components (such as front and rear axles, underbody shields, gears, motor shafts, wheels, and battery housings) and exterior components (such as hoods, doors, engine covers, fenders, trunk lids, and front and rear aprons). To protect the chassis from impacts from foreign objects like gravel, protective plates are installed on exposed areas such as the drivetrain, wheels, battery compartments, and aprons to ensure safe operation.

[0004] Among lightweight sheet materials, magnesium alloy and rare earth magnesium alloy sheets have a low elastic modulus and are subject to significant deformation when impacted. Their low plastic forming ability results in relatively complex stamping dies and fine blanking processes. Consequently, the productivity of fine blanking of rare earth magnesium alloy sheets has been pessimistic. Furthermore, forging and stamping dies are crucial tools for the high-precision, high-efficiency, and high-volume production of precision parts. They are also indispensable precision equipment in the manufacturing industry, earning them the title of "the mother of industry." Hot fine blanking dies are a key component of fine blanking equipment, but they are prone to annealing at temperatures between 400 and 700°C, reducing the strength and rigidity of the die.

[0005] At present, ordinary hot stamping dies have disadvantages such as low stamping efficiency, slow heat dissipation, and low component precision. The strength of ordinary stamping dies is not suitable for hot precision stamping of light alloy materials such as magnesium alloys (such as AZ31B, WE43, ZE10 and AZ91D), which hinders the development of the precision stamping industry of magnesium alloys and rare earth magnesium alloys. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem of fine stamping of rare earth magnesium alloy plates, this patent provides a hot fine stamping process for rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plates of new energy vehicles.

[0007] A thermal precision blanking process for a rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of a new energy vehicle comprises the following steps:

[0008] Required equipment and instruments: CNC cutting and blanking machine, CNC box-type resistance heating furnace, electromagnetic stretching die, electromagnetic bending and flanging die, electromagnetic precision blanking die, high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die, electromagnetic precision stretching forming machine, electromagnetic precision bending and flanging forming machine, electromagnetic precision blanking forming machine, high-energy laser cutting and shaping machine, box-type thermal insulation resistance furnace, handling robot and spraying robot;

[0009] S1: Precise blanking with a CNC cutting machine: The MB22 rare earth magnesium alloy plate is rapidly heated to 300°C using the CNC box-type resistance heating furnace and kept warm; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then cut into the required size using the CNC cutting machine;

[0010] S2: Electromagnetic precision stretching: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the heated rare earth magnesium alloy plate and the surface of the electromagnetic stretching die; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then quickly transferred to the electromagnetic stretching die using the handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision stretching forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate, so that the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is stretched and formed within 50-100μs, and the transmission system box cover, new energy battery box cover and reinforcement ribs of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle are precisely stretched by electromagnetic precision, and the temperature is continuously kept at 300°C;

[0011] S3: Electromagnetic precision bending and flanging: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate that has completed electromagnetic precision stretching and the surface of the electromagnetic bending and flanging mold; then the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is quickly transferred to the electromagnetic bending and flanging mold by the handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision bending and flanging forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate, so that the rare earth magnesium alloy plate undergoes electromagnetic bending and flanging within 50-100 μs, thereby obtaining the step shape of the outer edge of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle and the shape of the panel bend, and the temperature is continuously kept at 300°C;

[0012] S4: Electromagnetic precision blanking: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate that has completed electromagnetic precision bending and flanging and the surface of the electromagnetic precision blanking die; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then quickly transferred to the electromagnetic precision blanking die by the handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision blanking forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate. The rare earth magnesium alloy plate undergoes electromagnetic precision blanking within 50-100 μs to obtain the process holes and positioning holes of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle, and the temperature is continuously kept at 300°C;

[0013] S5: High-energy laser precision trimming and shaping: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate after electromagnetic precision blanking and the surface of the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping mold; then the rare earth magnesium alloy protective plate is quickly transferred to the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping mold by the handling robot, and the high-energy laser cutting and shaping machine is started to perform high-energy laser trimming and shaping on the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle to obtain the precise external dimensions of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle;

[0014] S6: Slowly cooling to room temperature with the furnace: To prevent the rare earth magnesium alloy from high-temperature oxidation and deterioration, the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate, which has been precisely trimmed and shaped by high-energy laser, is quickly transferred to the box-type thermal insulation resistance furnace using the handling manipulator, and the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate is slowly cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain a finished product of the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate;

[0015] S7: Heat treatment: The cooled rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate for new energy vehicles is subjected to stress relief annealing, solution treatment and artificial aging to improve the mechanical properties of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate for new energy vehicles;

[0016] S8: Physical and chemical performance test: The physical and chemical performance test of the finished product of rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of new energy vehicle after heat treatment is carried out, including: ① external dimensions; ② chemical composition; ③ metallographic structure grain size; ④ mechanical properties (such as tensile, bending, torsion, impact and rebound); ⑤ corrosion resistance; ⑥ non-destructive testing using X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) or ultrasonic method.

[0017] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic stretching die, the electromagnetic bending and flanging die, the electromagnetic precision punching die and the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die are all made of YG8 tungsten steel carbide.

[0018] In one embodiment, before the electromagnetic precision stretching step, the electromagnetic stretching die, the electromagnetic bending and flanging die, the electromagnetic precision blanking die and the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die are all preheated to 300°C to reduce heat conduction loss between the rare earth magnesium alloy plate and the die.

[0019] In one embodiment, the high-temperature lubricating fluid is a water-emulsified graphene lubricating fluid.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The hot precision punching process of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of new energy vehicles of the present invention improves the forming accuracy and production efficiency of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of new energy vehicles through electromagnetic precision stretching, electromagnetic precision bending and flanging, electromagnetic precision blanking and high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping, so that the protective plate components can be lightweight and precisely manufactured, providing a new way to lightweight new energy vehicles, save energy and reduce emissions, and reduce environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a production process flow chart of a hot fine blanking process for a rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate for a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rare earth magnesium alloy protective plate for an automobile chassis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of electromagnetic stretching die, electromagnetic bending and flanging die, electromagnetic precision blanking die, and high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die in the hot precision blanking process;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the corresponding product after each step of the hot fine blanking process;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the principle of electromagnetic precision stretching in the hot precision blanking process is shown.

[0027] The meanings of the numbers in the accompanying drawings are:

[0028] 10. Electromagnetic stretching die; 20. Electromagnetic bending and flanging die; 30. Electromagnetic precision blanking die; 40. High-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die; 50. Electromagnetic precision stretching forming machine; 51. Capacitor bank; 52. Electromagnetic forming coil; 90. Rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate for new energy vehicles; 91. Transmission system box cover; 92. New energy battery box cover; 93. Reinforcement ribs; 94. Steps; 95. Process holes; 96. Positioning holes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , a hot fine blanking process for a rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate for a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

[0036] Required equipment and instruments: CNC cutting and blanking machine, CNC box-type resistance heating furnace, electromagnetic stretching die 10, electromagnetic bending and flanging die 20, electromagnetic precision blanking die 30, high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die 40, electromagnetic precision stretching forming machine 50, electromagnetic precision bending and flanging forming machine, electromagnetic precision blanking forming machine, high-energy laser cutting and shaping machine, box-type insulation resistance furnace, handling robot and spraying robot;

[0037] S1: CNC cutting and blanking machines accurately cut materials: Magnesium alloy has a magnetic permeability of approximately 1.2566×10-6 H / m (henry per meter), making it a non-magnetic material and unsuitable for electromagnetic induction heating. Therefore, a CNC box-type resistance heating furnace is used to rapidly heat MB22 rare earth magnesium alloy sheets to 300°C and maintain the temperature. A CNC cutting and blanking machine is then used to cut the rare earth magnesium alloy sheets into the required dimensions. MB22 rare earth magnesium alloy, with its high strength and corrosion resistance, is suitable for use in the aerospace and transportation sectors.

[0038] S2: Electromagnetic precision stretching: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the heated rare earth magnesium alloy plate and the surface of the electromagnetic stretching die 10 to extend the life of the die; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then quickly transferred to the electromagnetic stretching die 10 using a handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision stretching forming machine 50 is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate, so that the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is stretched and formed within 50-100μs, and the transmission system box cover 91, new energy battery box cover 92 and reinforcement ribs 93 of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate 90 of the new energy vehicle are precisely stretched by electromagnetic precision, and the temperature is continuously maintained at 300°C;

[0039] S3: Electromagnetic precision bending and flanging: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate that has completed electromagnetic precision stretching and the surface of the electromagnetic bending and flanging die 20 to extend the life of the die; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then quickly transferred to the electromagnetic bending and flanging die 20 using a handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision bending and flanging forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate, causing the rare earth magnesium alloy plate to undergo electromagnetic bending and flanging within 50-100 μs, thereby obtaining the step 94 on the outer edge of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate 90 of the new energy vehicle and the shape of the panel bend, and the temperature is continuously maintained at 300°C;

[0040] S4: Electromagnetic precision blanking: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricant onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy sheet that has completed electromagnetic precision bending and flanging and the surface of the electromagnetic precision blanking die 30 to extend the life of the die; the rare earth magnesium alloy sheet is then quickly transferred to the electromagnetic precision blanking die 30 using a handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision blanking forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy sheet. The rare earth magnesium alloy sheet undergoes electromagnetic precision blanking within 50-100 μs to obtain the process hole 95 and positioning hole 96 of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate 90 of the new energy vehicle, and the temperature is continuously kept at 300°C;

[0041] S5: High-energy laser precision trimming and shaping: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate after electromagnetic precision blanking and the surface of the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die 40 to extend the life of the die; the rare earth magnesium alloy protective plate is then quickly transferred to the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die 40 using a handling robot, and the high-energy laser cutting and shaping machine is started to perform high-energy laser trimming and shaping on the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate 90 of the new energy vehicle to obtain the precise external dimensions of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate 90 of the new energy vehicle;

[0042] S6: Slowly cooling to room temperature in the furnace: Since magnesium alloy or rare earth magnesium alloy has strong thermal conductivity, but the diffusion process of alloy elements is slow, in order to avoid high-temperature oxidation and deterioration of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate and ensure the stability of its appearance and mechanical properties, the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate 90, which has been precisely trimmed and shaped by high-energy laser, is quickly transferred to a box-type thermal insulation resistance furnace using a handling manipulator, and slowly cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain a finished product of the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate 90;

[0043] S7: Heat treatment: The cooled rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate 90 for new energy vehicles is subjected to stress relief annealing, solution treatment, and artificial aging to improve the mechanical properties of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate for new energy vehicles, eliminate the residual stress of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate 90 for new energy vehicles to the greatest extent, improve ductility and plasticity, and enhance mechanical properties, metallographic structure, and corrosion resistance;

[0044] S8: Physical and chemical performance test: The physical and chemical performance test of the finished product of rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate 90 for new energy vehicles after heat treatment is carried out, including: ① external dimensions; ② chemical composition; ③ metallographic structure grain size; ④ mechanical properties (such as tensile, bending, torsion, impact and rebound); ⑤ corrosion resistance; ⑥ non-destructive testing using X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) or ultrasonic method.

[0045] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic stretching die 10, the electromagnetic bending and flanging die 20, the electromagnetic precision blanking die 30 and the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die 40 are all made of YG8 tungsten steel carbide. The die has the advantages of high hardness, high strength, high wear resistance, high precision, high temperature resistance and high oxidation resistance. Tungsten steel alloy still has excellent hardness, strength and thermal conductivity at a high temperature of 500°C, and the hot precision blanking temperature of rare earth magnesium alloy is 220-400°C. Therefore, tungsten steel carbide is very suitable for hot precision blanking processing of rare earth magnesium alloy, which effectively solves the heat dissipation problem of the die.

[0046] Before the electromagnetic precision stretching step, the electromagnetic stretching die 10, electromagnetic bending and flanging die 20, electromagnetic precision blanking die 30, and high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die 40 are all preheated to 300°C to reduce heat conduction losses between the rare earth magnesium alloy sheet and the dies. Preheating to 300°C prevents brittle fracture of the YG8 tungsten steel die during continuous impact.

[0047] In one embodiment, the high-temperature lubricating fluid is a water-emulsified graphene lubricating fluid.

[0048] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic precision stretching machine 50, the electromagnetic precision bending and flanging machine, and the electromagnetic precision blanking machine have similar structures. The following primarily describes the electromagnetic precision stretching machine 50, which includes a capacitor bank 51 and multiple electromagnetic forming coils 52. The electromagnetic forming coils 52 are electrically connected to the capacitor bank 51 to generate electromagnetic energy, a technique previously known in the art. Electromagnetic energy released by the electromagnetic forming coils 52 directly acts on the rare earth magnesium alloy sheet material, eliminating mold friction and reducing errors caused by mold wear and deformation. This improves the forming accuracy of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis guard plate 90 for new energy vehicles. The electromagnetic forming process achieves zero pollution, low noise, and near-net-shape formation.

[0049] The hot precision punching process of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of new energy vehicles of the present invention improves the forming accuracy and production efficiency of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate 90 of new energy vehicles through electromagnetic precision stretching, electromagnetic precision bending and flanging, electromagnetic precision blanking and high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping, so that the protective plate components can be lightweight and precisely manufactured, providing a new way to lightweight new energy vehicles, save energy and reduce emissions, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0050] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hot precision blanking process for rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Required equipment and instruments: CNC cutting and blanking machine, CNC box-type resistance heating furnace, electromagnetic stretching die, electromagnetic bending and flanging die, electromagnetic precision blanking die, high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die, electromagnetic precision stretching forming machine, electromagnetic precision bending and flanging forming machine, electromagnetic precision blanking forming machine, high-energy laser cutting and shaping machine, box-type thermal insulation resistance furnace, handling robot and spraying robot; S1: Precise blanking with a CNC cutting machine: The MB22 rare earth magnesium alloy plate is rapidly heated to 300°C using the CNC box-type resistance heating furnace and kept warm; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then cut into the required size using the CNC cutting machine; S2: Electromagnetic precision stretching: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the heated rare earth magnesium alloy plate and the surface of the electromagnetic stretching die; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then quickly transferred to the electromagnetic stretching die using the handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision stretching forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate, so that the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is stretched and formed within 50-100μs, and the transmission system box cover, new energy battery box cover and reinforcement ribs of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle are precisely stretched by electromagnetic precision, and the temperature is continuously kept at 300°C; S3: Electromagnetic precision bending and flanging: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate that has completed electromagnetic precision stretching and the surface of the electromagnetic bending and flanging mold; then the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is quickly transferred to the electromagnetic bending and flanging mold by the handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision bending and flanging forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate, so that the rare earth magnesium alloy plate undergoes electromagnetic bending and flanging within 50-100 μs, thereby obtaining the step shape of the outer edge of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle and the shape of the panel bend, and the temperature is continuously kept at 300°C; S4: Electromagnetic precision blanking: The spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate that has completed electromagnetic precision bending and flanging and the surface of the electromagnetic precision blanking die; the rare earth magnesium alloy plate is then quickly transferred to the electromagnetic precision blanking die by the handling robot, and the electromagnetic precision blanking forming machine is started to release electromagnetic energy to the rare earth magnesium alloy plate. The rare earth magnesium alloy plate undergoes electromagnetic precision blanking within 50-100 μs to obtain the process holes and positioning holes of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle, and the temperature is continuously kept at 300°C; S5: High-energy laser precision trimming and shaping: the spraying robot evenly sprays high-temperature lubricating liquid onto the surface of the rare earth magnesium alloy plate after electromagnetic precision blanking and the surface of the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping mold; The rare earth magnesium alloy protective plate is then quickly transferred to the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping mold using the handling manipulator, and the high-energy laser cutting and shaping machine is started to perform high-energy laser trimming and shaping on the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle to obtain the precise external dimensions of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of the new energy vehicle; S6: Slowly cooling to room temperature with the furnace: To prevent the rare earth magnesium alloy from high-temperature oxidation and deterioration, the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate, which has been precisely trimmed and shaped by high-energy laser, is quickly transferred to the box-type thermal insulation resistance furnace using the handling manipulator, and the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate is slowly cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain a finished product of the new energy vehicle rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate; S7: Heat treatment: The cooled rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate for new energy vehicles is subjected to stress relief annealing, solution treatment and artificial aging to improve the mechanical properties of the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate for new energy vehicles; S8: Physical and chemical performance test: The physical and chemical performance test of the finished product of rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of new energy vehicle after heat treatment is carried out, including: ① external dimensions; ② chemical composition; ③ metallographic structure grain size; ④ mechanical properties (such as tensile, bending, torsion, impact and rebound); ⑤ corrosion resistance; ⑥ non-destructive testing using X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) or ultrasonic method.

2. The hot fine blanking process for rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of new energy vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electromagnetic stretching die, the electromagnetic bending and flanging die, the electromagnetic precision blanking die and the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die are all made of YG8 tungsten steel hard alloy.

3. The hot fine blanking process for the rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protective plate of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the electromagnetic precision stretching step, the electromagnetic stretching die, the electromagnetic bending and flanging die, the electromagnetic precision blanking die and the high-energy laser precision trimming and shaping die are all preheated to 300° C. to reduce heat conduction loss between the rare earth magnesium alloy plate and the die.

4. The hot fine blanking process for rare earth magnesium alloy chassis protection plate of new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature lubricating fluid is a water-emulsified graphene lubricating fluid.

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