Electric motorcycle and charging control method thereof
The high and low voltage isolation design of the drive module and the isolation control module solves the safety hazards caused by the live charging interface of the electric motorcycle, achieves safe and reliable charging control, and improves the safety performance of the electric motorcycle and the stability of the charging system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410284288.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
Smart Images
Figure CN120646135A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to an electric motorcycle and a charging control method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the technological advancement of electric motorcycles, the voltage platform of batteries in electric motorcycles has gradually evolved from the traditional 48V to higher voltage levels such as 72V, 350V, and 800V. The charging port of an electric motorcycle is electrically connected to the battery. When the charging port is electrically connected to a charging device, the charging device can charge the battery through the charging port. When the charging device is removed, the battery stops charging. However, the charging port remains charged. A charged charging port can easily cause accidental electric shock to people, and in special circumstances such as wading through water, it can also cause a short circuit between the positive and negative poles of the battery. In addition, the high voltage generated by the battery can easily cause overstress damage to electronic components connected to the charging port, which is not conducive to vehicle safety performance. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an electric motorcycle with better safety performance and a charging control method thereof.
[0004] The technical solution of this application is as follows:
[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an electric motorcycle, comprising a frame, a body covering, a wheel assembly, a power system and a charging system, wherein the body covering is at least partially arranged on the frame; the wheel assembly comprises a front wheel and a rear wheel arranged below the frame; the power system is arranged on the frame, and the power system is transmission-connected to at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel, and the power system is used to provide power for the electric motorcycle, and the power system comprises a motor and a power battery; the charging system is arranged on the frame or the body covering, and the charging system comprises a drive module, an isolation control module and a charging interface for inserting a charging device, and the drive module is isolated and connected to the power battery through the isolation control module; the drive module is capable of outputting a drive signal when the charging interface is electrically connected to the charging device, and is capable of stopping outputting the drive signal when the charging interface is disconnected from the charging device; the isolation control module is also connected between the charging interface and the power battery; when the isolation control module receives the drive signal, the isolation control module connects the charging interface to the power battery so that the charging device can charge the power battery; when the isolation control module does not receive the drive signal, the isolation control module disconnects the charging interface from the power battery so that the charging interface is powered off.
[0006] In one embodiment, the isolation control module includes a step-down circuit, an isolation circuit, a switch drive circuit and a switch circuit; the step-down circuit is connected to the power battery, and the step-down circuit is used to step down the battery voltage of the power battery to a first voltage; the step-down circuit is also isolated and connected to the switch drive circuit through the isolation circuit, and the isolation circuit is also connected to the drive module, and the isolation circuit is used to output a second voltage to the switch drive circuit according to the drive signal and the first voltage when receiving a drive signal; and stop outputting the second voltage when no drive signal is received; the switch drive circuit is also connected to the switch circuit, and the switch circuit is also connected to the charging interface and the power battery, and the switch drive circuit is used to drive the switch circuit to turn on according to the second voltage when receiving the second voltage, so that the charging interface and the power battery are connected; and turn off the switch circuit when the second voltage is not received, so that the charging interface and the power battery are disconnected.
[0007] In one embodiment, the isolation circuit includes a photocoupler, a first isolation drive resistor, a second isolation drive resistor and an isolation switch tube, the first input end of the photocoupler is connected to the drive module, the second input end of the photocoupler is grounded, the control end of the isolation switch tube is connected to the first output end of the photocoupler through the first isolation drive resistor, and is connected to the first connection end of the isolation switch tube and the step-down circuit through the second isolation drive resistor, the second output end of the photocoupler is connected to the switch drive circuit, and the second connection end of the isolation switch tube is connected to the switch drive circuit; wherein the photocoupler is used to output a coupling voltage when receiving a driving signal; the isolation switch tube is used to turn on when the coupling voltage and the first voltage are connected, and output the second voltage to the switch drive circuit; and turn off when the coupling voltage is not connected, thereby stopping the output of the second voltage.
[0008] In one embodiment, the buck circuit includes a buck driving resistor and a buck switching tube, the first connection end of the buck switching tube is connected to the isolation circuit, the second connection end of the buck switching tube is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery, and the control end of the buck switching tube is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery through the buck driving resistor; wherein, the buck switching tube is used to turn on when the battery voltage is connected, and output a first voltage to the isolation circuit.
[0009] In one embodiment, the switch driving circuit includes an anti-reverse diode, a current limiting resistor and a driving switch tube, the anode of the anti-reverse diode is connected to the isolation circuit and the control end of the driving switch tube, the cathode of the anti-reverse diode is connected to the first connection end of the driving switch tube and the switching circuit through the current limiting resistor, and the second connection end of the driving switch tube is connected to the isolation circuit and the switching circuit; wherein, the driving switch tube is used to turn on when the anti-reverse diode is connected to the second voltage, and output the driving voltage to drive the switching circuit to turn on; and turn off when the anti-reverse diode is not connected to the second voltage, and stop outputting the driving voltage to turn off the switching circuit.
[0010] In one embodiment, the switching circuit includes a charging switch tube and an anti-interference circuit, wherein the control end of the charging switch tube is connected to the switch drive circuit, the first connection end of the charging switch tube is connected to the negative power supply end of the charging interface, the second connection end of the charging switch tube is connected to the negative pole of the power battery and the switch drive circuit, the anti-interference circuit is connected between the first connection end and the second connection end of the charging switch tube, and the positive pole of the power battery is connected to the positive power supply end of the charging interface; wherein the charging switch tube is configured to be turned on when a driving voltage is connected so that the negative power supply end of the charging interface is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power battery; and to be turned off when the driving voltage is not connected so that the negative power supply end of the charging interface is disconnected from the negative pole of the power battery.
[0011] In one embodiment, the switching circuit includes at least two charging switching tubes connected in parallel.
[0012] In one embodiment, the charging system also includes a detection module, which is connected to the charging interface and the driving module; the detection module is used to detect the connection status between the charging device and the charging interface, and output a charging control signal to the driving module when the charging device and the charging interface are electrically connected; wherein the charging control signal is used to control the driving module to output a driving signal.
[0013] In one embodiment, the electric motorcycle further includes an instrument control panel and an electronic controller arranged on the frame, the electronic controller including at least one of a vehicle controller and a body controller and a motor controller; wherein the instrument control panel or the body controller serves as a drive module, and the motor controller or the vehicle controller serves as a detection module.
[0014] A second aspect of the present application provides a charging control method for an electric motorcycle, wherein the electric motorcycle is the electric motorcycle described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect. The charging control method includes: when the charging interface is electrically connected to the charging device, the driving module outputs a driving signal; when the isolation control module receives the driving signal, the isolation control module connects the charging interface with the power battery so that the charging device can charge the power battery; when the charging interface is disconnected from the charging device, the driving module stops outputting the driving signal; when the isolation control module does not receive the driving signal, the isolation control module disconnects the charging interface from the power battery to cut off power to the charging interface.
[0015] The technical solution of this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:
[0016] 1. In the electric motorcycle of the present application, when the charging interface is electrically connected to the charging device, the drive module can output a drive signal to the isolation control module. Then, under the drive of the drive signal, the isolation control module connects the charging interface to the power battery, so that the charging device can charge the power battery. When the charging interface is disconnected from the charging device, the drive module stops outputting the drive signal. Then, in the absence of receiving the drive signal, the isolation control module disconnects the charging interface from the power battery, so that the charging interface is powered off. Therefore, by providing the drive module and the isolation control module, the electric motorcycle of the present application can realize normal charging of the power battery when charging is required, and realize that the charging interface is not charged when not charging, thereby reducing the risk of accidental electric shock and avoiding the occurrence of short circuits of the positive and negative poles of the power battery due to the interface being charged in special circumstances such as wading conditions. Therefore, the safety performance of the vehicle is improved. In addition, the power loss of the power battery can also be reduced.
[0017] 2. In the electric motorcycle of the present application, the drive module and the power battery are isolated and connected through an isolation control module, thereby preventing the high voltage brought by the battery from causing overstress damage to electronic components. Such a high and low voltage isolation design can improve the anti-interference ability of the charging system, making the normal operation of the charging system more guaranteed and the vehicle safety performance better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric motorcycle provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A structural diagram of the charging control module in FIG.
[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A circuit diagram of the charging control module shown.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a charging control method for an electric motorcycle provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0023] Figure 6 This is another flow chart of the charging control method for an electric motorcycle provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0024] Description of main component symbols
[0025] Electric motorcycle 100
[0026] Frame 11
[0027] Body panels 12
[0028] Wheel assembly 13
[0029] Front wheel 131
[0030] Rear wheel 132
[0031] Powertrain 14
[0032] Power Battery 141
[0033] Suspension 15
[0034] Charging system 16
[0035] Charging port 161
[0036] Detection module 162
[0037] Driver module 163
[0038] Isolation control module 164
[0039] Buck circuit 1641
[0040] Isolation circuit 1642
[0041] Switch drive circuit 1643
[0042] Switching circuit 1644
[0043] Instrument control panel 17
[0044] Charging device 200 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0046] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0047] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.
[0048] The following describes some embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other.
[0049] Next, the electric motorcycle provided in the embodiment of the present application is further introduced.
[0050] See also Figure 1 , shows a schematic diagram of an electric motorcycle provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the electric motorcycle 100 includes a frame 11, a body panel 12, a wheel assembly 13, and a power system 14. The body panel 12 is mounted on the frame 11. The wheel assembly 13 includes a front wheel 131 and a rear wheel 132, which are mounted below the frame 11. Specifically, the front wheel 131 and the rear wheel 132 can be connected to the frame 11 via a suspension 15, thereby driving the entire electric motorcycle 100.
[0051] The power system 14 is provided on the frame 11 and is in transmission connection with at least one of the front wheel 131 and the rear wheel 132. The power system 14 can provide power for the electric motorcycle 100. Specifically, the power system 14 may include a motor ( Figure 2 Not shown) and power battery 141 (see Figure 2 ), the power battery 141 is connected to the motor and supplies power to the motor, so that the motor is powered on and works, thereby driving the transmission-connected front wheel 131 and / or rear wheel 132 to rotate.
[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the electric motorcycle 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a charging system 16. The charging system 16 is provided on the frame 11 or the body cover 12, and the charging system 16 is connected to the power battery 141, so as to control the charging of the power battery 141.
[0053] Specifically, the charging system 16 includes a charging port 161, a drive module 163, and an isolation control module 164, which are connected in sequence. The charging port 161 can be used to connect a charging device 200 to access the power provided by the charging device 200. The charging device 200 can be a portable charger that can be connected to the power grid via a wire, thereby converting the AC power from the grid into DC power and outputting it to the charging port 161 to charge the power battery 141.
[0054] It is understood that the structure and model of the charging interface 161 and the charging device 200 can be determined according to actual conditions and are not specifically limited here, as long as the charging interface 161 is compatible with the charging device 200. The charging device 200 has a positive output terminal Charge_HV+ and a negative output terminal Charge_HV-. Correspondingly, the charging interface 161 has a positive power supply terminal DC+ connected to Charge_HV+ and a negative power supply terminal DC- connected to the negative output terminal Charge_HV-.
[0055] The drive module 163 is connected to the power battery 141 through the isolation control module 164. The isolation control module 164 is connected between the charging interface 161 and the power battery 141. When the charging interface 161 is electrically connected to the charging device 200, the drive module 163 outputs a drive signal to the isolation control module 164. Driven by the drive signal, the isolation control module 164 connects the charging interface 161 with the power battery 141 so that the charging device 200 can charge the power battery 141. On the contrary, when the charging interface 161 is disconnected from the charging device 200, the drive module 163 stops outputting the drive signal. In this case, the isolation control module 164 does not receive the drive signal, so it disconnects the charging interface 161 from the power battery 141, causing the charging interface 161 to be powered off.
[0056] Thus, the electric motorcycle 100 of the present embodiment, by providing the drive module 163 and the isolation control module 164, can achieve normal charging of the power battery 141 when charging is required, and disconnect the power supply to the charging interface 161 when not charging. This can reduce safety accidents caused by people accidentally touching the charging interface 161 and causing electric shock. It can also avoid the occurrence of short circuits between the positive and negative poles of the power battery 141 due to the charging interface 161 being charged in special circumstances, such as wading conditions. Therefore, the safety performance of the electric motorcycle 100 can be improved. In addition, the power-off design of the charging interface 161 is also conducive to reducing the power loss of the power battery 141.
[0057] It should be noted that the isolation control module 164 can also serve as a high- and low-voltage isolation function. Specifically, the power battery 141 is a high-voltage battery, and its battery voltage can reach, for example, 48V, 72V, 350V, 800V, or even higher voltage values, while the drive signal is an electrical signal generated by the drive module 163 to drive the functional modules. This drive signal is typically a low voltage, for example, 13V. If the charging system 16 is not provided with the isolation control module 164, there will be a mixture of high and low voltage signals in the charging system 16. The high and low voltage signals are likely to interfere with each other, resulting in the risk of overstressing electronic components and hindering the normal operation of the charging system 16. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the drive module 163 and the power battery 141 are isolated and connected via the isolation control module 164, so that the battery voltage and the drive signal are isolated, thereby avoiding signal interference and the risk of overstressing electronic components, which is beneficial to the normal operation of the charging system 16 and the high-voltage safety performance of the electric motorcycle 100.
[0058] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the charging system 16 may further include a detection module 162, which is connected to the charging interface 161 and the driver module 163. The detection module 162 can be used to detect the connection status between the charging device 200 and the charging interface 161. When the charging device 200 and the charging interface 161 are electrically connected, it outputs a charging control signal to the driver module 163. When the charging device 200 and the charging interface 161 are disconnected, it does not output the charging control signal. The charging control signal is used to control the driver module 163 to output a driving signal. In this way, the driver module 163 can determine the connection status between the charging interface 161 and the charging device 200 through the detection module 162 and perform corresponding operations. It will be understood that the detection module 162 in this embodiment is independent. In other embodiments, the detection module 162 can also be integrated with the driver module 163, that is, the driver module 163 itself has the function of detecting the connection status between the charging device 200 and the charging interface 161.
[0059] Also, please refer again to Figure 1 The electric motorcycle 100 may also include a dashboard 17 (also referred to as a DASH). The dashboard 17 is mounted on the frame 11 and may be located in a position visible to the driver while driving the electric motorcycle 100. The dashboard of the dashboard 17 may display vehicle information of the electric motorcycle 100 (such as battery level, speed, mileage, etc.).
[0060] I understand. Figure 1 and Figure 2The schematic structure does not constitute a specific limitation on the electric motorcycle 100. The electric motorcycle 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, separate some components, or arrange the components differently. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the electric motorcycle 100 may also include an electronic controller ( Figure 1 The electronic controller can control the operating state of the electric motorcycle 100.
[0061] Wherein, the electronic controller includes but is not limited to at least one of a vehicle control unit (VCU) and a body control module (BCM), and a motor controller. Furthermore, when the electric motorcycle 100 includes a vehicle control unit, a body controller and a motor controller, the vehicle control unit, the body controller and the motor controller can be connected via a communication bus, and the motor controller is also connected to the motor. The vehicle control unit serves as the master controller and can control the motor controller through the body controller, and the motor controller in turn controls the operation of the motor. When the electric motorcycle 100 includes a body controller and a motor controller, the body controller can control the operation of the motor through the motor controller. When the electric motorcycle 100 includes a vehicle control unit and a motor controller, the vehicle control unit can control the operation of the motor through the motor controller.
[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, considering that the instrument control panel 17 or the body controller itself has signal processing and transceiver functions, and the motor controller or the vehicle controller itself has integrated detection functions, the instrument control panel 17 or the body controller can be reused as the drive module 163, and the motor controller or the vehicle controller can be reused as the detection module 162. Of course, in other embodiments, other modules with corresponding functions in the electric motorcycle 100 can also be used as the drive module 163 or the detection module 162, and no specific examples are given here.
[0063] In the examples of this application, please refer to Figure 3 The isolation control module 164 may include a step-down circuit 1641, an isolation circuit 1642, a switch driving circuit 1643, and a switch circuit 1644. The step-down circuit 1641 is connected to the power battery 141. The step-down circuit 1641 is used to step down the battery voltage of the power battery 141 to a first voltage.
[0064] Buck circuit 1641 is also isolated and connected to switch driver circuit 1643 via isolation circuit 1642. Isolation circuit 1642 is also connected to driver module 163. When isolation circuit 1642 receives a drive signal from driver module 163, it outputs a second voltage to switch driver circuit 1643 based on the drive signal and the first voltage. When isolation circuit 1642 does not receive a drive signal from driver module 163, isolation circuit 1642 stops outputting the second voltage.
[0065] Switch drive circuit 1643 is also connected to switch circuit 1644, which is also connected to charging port 161 and power battery 141. When switch drive circuit 1643 receives the second voltage, it drives switch circuit 1644 to conduct according to the second voltage, thereby connecting charging port 161 to power battery 141. When switch drive circuit 1643 does not receive the second voltage, it turns off switch circuit 1644, thereby disconnecting charging port 161 from power battery 141.
[0066] In one embodiment, the step-down circuit 1641 can be connected to the positive electrode HV+ of the power battery 141, and the switching circuit 1644 can be connected to the negative power supply terminal DC- of the charging interface 161 and the negative electrode HV- of the power battery 141, so that the negative power supply terminal DC- of the charging interface 161 and the negative electrode HV- of the power battery 141 are connected through the isolation control module 164, and the positive power supply terminal DC+ of the charging interface 161 can be directly connected to the positive electrode HV+ of the power power supply. Based on such a design, the isolation control module 164 can control the connection or disconnection between the negative power supply terminal DC- and the negative electrode HV-. When the isolation control module 164 connects the negative power supply terminal DC- and the negative electrode HV-, the charging interface 161 can transmit the electric energy provided by the charging device 200 to the power battery 141, so that the power battery 141 can be charged. When the isolation control module 164 disconnects the negative power terminal DC− from the negative electrode HV−, the power supply between the charging interface 161 and the power battery 141 is disconnected, and the power battery 141 stops charging.
[0067] For ease of understanding, the following Figure 4 The circuit shown illustrates the isolation control module 164 in detail.
[0068] See also Figure 4, the step-down circuit 1641 may include a driving resistor and a switch tube Q1. The driving resistor may include a resistor element, or multiple resistor elements connected in series, in parallel, or in series and parallel. The switch tube Q1 is a semiconductor switch (such as a triode, a MOS tube, an IGBT tube, etc.) or an electrically controllable mechanical switch device (such as a relay, a contactor, etc.), and its type can be selected accordingly according to actual conditions and is not specifically limited here. For ease of description, Figure 4 In the example, the driving resistors are resistors R2 and R3 connected in parallel, and the switch tube Q1 is an NPN transistor. The base of the switch tube Q1 is the control terminal, the emitter of the switch tube Q1 is the first connection terminal, and the collector of the switch tube Q1 is the second connection terminal.
[0069] The first connection end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the isolation circuit 1642, the second connection end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the positive electrode HV+ of the power battery 141, and the control end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the positive electrode HV+ of the power battery 141 through the driving resistors (i.e., R2 and R3).
[0070] Based on this design, when the battery voltage of power battery 141 is connected, the control terminal of switch Q1 is connected to the battery voltage of power battery 141, and the second connection terminal of switch Q1 is connected to the battery voltage through driving resistors (i.e., R2 and R3). This driving resistor can provide voltage stabilization. Because the battery voltage of power battery 141 is high and higher than the turn-on voltage of switch Q1, switch Q1 can be turned on and output a first voltage to isolation circuit 1642. This first voltage is lower than the battery voltage.
[0071] It can be understood that since a step-down circuit 1641 is provided to reduce the voltage, the circuit after the step-down circuit 1641 can achieve the corresponding function by using electronic components with smaller parameter specifications. This is conducive to reducing the size of the isolation control module 164 and reducing the cost, and is also more convenient for the selection of electronic components and easier to implement.
[0072] In one embodiment, in order to protect the switch tube Q1, a voltage-limiting diode DZ1 and a filter capacitor C1 may be connected between the control terminal and the first connection terminal of the switch tube Q1. Specifically, the anode of the voltage-limiting diode DZ1 is connected to the negative electrode HV- of the power battery 141, and is connected to the first connection terminal of the switch tube Q1 through the filter capacitor C1, and the cathode of the voltage-limiting diode DZ1 is connected to the control terminal of the switch tube Q1. The voltage-limiting diode DZ1 can prevent the buck circuit 1641 from overload and overvoltage, and the filter capacitor can be used to filter ripple interference. In addition, a current-limiting resistor R1 may be provided between the second connection terminal of the switch tube Q1 and the positive electrode HV+ of the power battery 141. The current-limiting resistor R1 may limit the current on the second connection terminal of the switch tube Q1 to prevent the switch tube Q1 from being damaged by overcurrent.
[0073] Please continue reading Figure 4 The isolation circuit 1642 may include a photocoupler U1, a driving resistor R5, a driving resistor R6 and a switch tube Q2. Figure 4 In the example, the switch tube Q2 is a PNP type transistor, wherein the base of the switch tube Q2 is the control terminal, the emitter of the switch tube Q2 is the first connection terminal, and the collector of the switch tube Q2 is the second connection terminal.
[0074] It is understandable that the switch tube Q2 may also adopt other types of semiconductor switches or mechanical switching devices according to actual needs. The driving resistors R5 and R6 may also be replaced by multiple resistor elements connected in series, in parallel, or in series and parallel, which does not constitute a limitation of the present application. In addition, for the convenience of distinction, the embodiment of the present application may refer to the switch tube Q2 in the isolation circuit 1642 as an isolation switch tube, the driving resistor R6 as a first isolation drive resistor, and the driving resistor R5 as a second isolation drive resistor. The switch tube Q1 in the step-down circuit 1641 may be referred to as a step-down switch tube, and the driving resistors R2 and R3 may be referred to as step-down drive resistors.
[0075] The first input end of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the driver module 163, and the second input end of the photocoupler U1 is grounded. The control end of the isolation switch tube Q2 is connected to the first output end of the photocoupler U1 through the first isolation drive resistor R6, and is connected to the first connection end of the isolation switch tube Q2 and the first connection end of the buck switch tube Q1 in the buck circuit 1641 through the second isolation drive resistor R5. The first isolation drive resistor R6 and the second isolation drive resistor R5 can play a role in voltage stabilization. The second output end of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the switch drive circuit 1643. The second connection end of the isolation switch tube Q2 is connected to the switch drive circuit 1643. In one embodiment, a current limiting resistor R4 can also be provided between the first input end of the photocoupler U1 and the driver module 163. The current limiting resistor R4 can limit the current on the first input end of the photocoupler U1 to prevent the photocoupler U1 from being damaged by overcurrent.
[0076] Based on this design, when the optocoupler U1 receives the drive signal Control_signal from the driver module 163, the optocoupler U1 outputs a coupled voltage to the control end of the isolation switch tube Q2 through the first isolation drive resistor R6. When the control end of the isolation switch tube Q2 is connected to the coupled voltage, and the first connection end of the isolation switch tube Q2 is connected to the first voltage of the step-down circuit 1641, the isolation switch tube Q2 is turned on and outputs the second voltage to the switch drive circuit 1643. When the control end of the isolation switch tube Q2 is not connected to the coupled voltage, the isolation switch tube Q2 is turned off, thereby stopping the output of the second voltage. It can be seen that the output status of the driver module 163 (i.e., whether the drive signal Control_signal is output) can correspond to the coupling status of the control optocoupler U1, thereby controlling the on-off state and output of the isolation switch tube Q2. It should be understood that the optocoupler U1 can isolate the circuits in the driver module 163 and the isolation control module 164 to prevent the high voltage in the circuit from being transmitted to the driver module 163 and causing interference or overvoltage damage to the driver module 163.
[0077] Please refer again Figure 4 The switch driving circuit 1643 may include an anti-reverse diode D1, a current limiting resistor R8, and a switch tube Q3 (for ease of distinction, the switch tube Q3 may be referred to as a driving switch tube). The type of the driving switch tube Q3 may refer to the description of the isolation switch tube Q2. Figure 4 In the example, the driving switch tube Q3 is a PNP type transistor, wherein the base of the driving switch tube Q3 is the control terminal, the emitter of the driving switch tube Q3 is the first connection terminal, and the collector of the driving switch tube Q3 is the second connection terminal.
[0078] The anode of the anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the control end of the driving switch tube Q3 and the second connection end of the isolation switch tube Q2 in the isolation circuit 1642. The cathode of the anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the first connection end of the driving switch tube Q3 and the switch circuit 1644 through the current-limiting resistor R8. The second connection end of the driving switch tube Q3 is connected to the second output end of the optocoupler U1 in the isolation circuit 1642 and the switch circuit 1644.
[0079] Based on this design, when the anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the second voltage of the isolation circuit 1642, the switch transistor Q3 is driven to conduct and output the driving voltage to drive the switch circuit 1644 to conduct. When the anti-reverse diode D1 is not connected to the second voltage, the switch transistor Q3 is driven to turn off and stop outputting the driving voltage to turn off the switch circuit 1644. It can be seen that the output status of the isolation circuit 1642 (that is, whether it outputs the second voltage) can correspond to the driving status of the switch driving circuit 1643 on the switch circuit 1644. Among them, the anti-reverse diode D1 can prevent the reverse current from damaging electronic components.
[0080] In one embodiment, to protect the driver switch Q3, the switch driver circuit 1643 may further include at least one of a filter capacitor C2, a transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, a Zener diode DZ2, and a voltage divider resistor R9. The filter capacitor C2, transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, Zener diode DZ2, and voltage divider resistor R9 are all connected to the first and second connection terminals of the driver switch Q3. The filter capacitor C2 can be used to filter voltage ripple interference. The transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 can be used to suppress spike voltages. The Zener diode DZ2 can prevent overload and overvoltage in the switch driver circuit 1643. The voltage divider resistor R9 can be used to share voltage to prevent overvoltage damage to electronic components in the switch driver circuit 1643 and the subsequent switch circuit 1644. Furthermore, a current-limiting resistor R7 can be provided between the anode of the anti-reverse diode D1 and the second connection terminal of the isolation switch Q2 in the isolation circuit 1642. The current-limiting resistor R7 can limit the current flowing through the anti-reverse diode D1 to prevent overcurrent damage to the anti-reverse diode D1.
[0081] like Figure 4 As shown, the switch circuit 1644 may include a switch tube Q4 (for ease of distinction, the switch tube Q4 may be referred to as a charging switch tube) and an anti-interference circuit. The charging switch tube Q4 may adopt corresponding semiconductor switching devices (such as MOS tubes, IGBT tubes, triodes, etc.) or electrically controllable mechanical switching devices (such as relays, contactors, etc.) according to actual conditions. The anti-interference circuit may be any circuit that can achieve anti-interference function. For the convenience of description, Figure 4 In the figure, the charging switch tube Q4 is an N-channel MOS tube, and the anti-interference circuit includes a current limiting resistor R10 and a filter capacitor C3 connected in series. The gate of the charging switch tube Q4 is the control terminal, the drain of the charging switch tube Q4 is the first connection terminal, and the source of the charging switch tube Q4 is the second connection terminal.
[0082] The control terminal of the charging switch Q4 is connected to the first connection terminal of the driver switch Q3 in the switch drive circuit 1643. The first connection terminal of the charging switch Q4 is connected to the negative power supply terminal Charge_HV- of the charging interface 161. The second connection terminal of the charging switch Q4 is connected to the negative electrode HV- of the power battery 141 and the second connection terminal of the driver switch Q3 in the switch drive circuit 1643. The series connection of the current limiting resistor R10 and the filter capacitor C3 is connected between the first and second connection terminals of the charging switch Q4. Based on this design, when the charging switch Q4 is connected to the driving voltage, the charging switch Q4 turns on, electrically connecting the negative power supply terminal of the charging interface 161 to the negative electrode of the power battery 141. In this way, the positive and negative electrodes of the power battery 141 are connected to the positive and negative power supply terminals of the charging interface 161, thereby charging the power battery 141. The current limiting resistor R10 and the filter capacitor C3 help reduce interference with the charging switch Q4 caused by the high-voltage circuit between the power battery 141 and the charging interface 161. When the charging switch Q4 is not connected to the driving voltage, the charging switch Q4 is turned off, disconnecting the negative power supply terminal Charge_HV- of the charging interface 161 from the negative terminal HV- of the power battery 141. In this way, the charging interface 161 is powered off and the power battery 141 stops charging.
[0083] In one embodiment, the number of charging switch tubes in the switch circuit 1644 can be set according to the charging power specifications of the power battery 141 and the charging device 200. For example, when the charging power requirement of the power battery 141 is large, the charging current will be large. Therefore, the switch circuit 1644 can be provided with at least two charging switch tubes connected in parallel. For further example, Figure 4 As shown, the switch circuit 1644 may include two charging switch tubes, namely Q4 and Q5. The charging switch tubes Q4 and Q5 are connected in parallel, so they can jointly carry a large charging current, thereby preventing the switch circuit 1644 from being damaged by overcurrent.
[0084] It should be understood that Figure 4In the embodiment, switch driver circuit 1643 uses a triode as the driver switch Q3, and switch circuit 1644 uses a MOS transistor as the charging switch. The first connection terminal of the driver switch Q3 is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch Q4, and the second connection terminal of the driver switch Q3 is connected to the second connection terminal of the charging switch Q4. This allows the second voltage output by the driver switch Q3 to turn on the charging switch Q4. When the driver switch Q3 stops outputting the second voltage, the charging switch Q4 is turned off. Furthermore, because the triode has a voltage amplification function, the second voltage it outputs can meet the voltage level required for the MOS transistor to turn on. Furthermore, the triode can provide a high drive current. Therefore, based on this circuit design, the charging switch Q4 can be quickly turned on and off, reducing the switching loss of the charging switch Q4.
[0085] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the step-down circuit 1641, the isolation circuit 1642, the switch drive circuit 1643 and the switch circuit 1644 may also adopt other circuit structures, as long as the step-down circuit 1641, the isolation circuit 1642, the switch drive circuit 1643 and the switch circuit 1644 can achieve the corresponding functions, and no further examples will be given here.
[0086] In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a charging control method for an electric motorcycle 100. This charging control method can be applied to the electric motorcycle 100. The electric motorcycle 100 can be described above and will not be repeated here.
[0087] Specifically, see Figure 5 , the charging control method may include:
[0088] Step S11 : When the charging interface 161 is electrically connected to the charging device 200 , the driving module 163 outputs a driving signal.
[0089] In one embodiment, the driving module 163 can detect the connection status between the charging device 200 and the charging interface 161 through the detection module 162. Therefore, the process of step S11 can correspond to:
[0090] When the charging interface 161 is electrically connected to the charging device 200, the detection module 162 outputs a charging control signal AC Charge to the driving module 163. The charging control signal AC Charge is used to control the driving module 163 to output a driving signal Control_signal.
[0091] In one embodiment, before step S11 , the electric motorcycle 100 further performs a power-on self-test to ensure charging safety.
[0092] Specifically, when the charging device 200 is just inserted into the charging interface 161 and a physical connection is established with the charging device 200, the charging device 200 can output a connection signal to the detection module 162. The connection signal is used to indicate that the charging device 200 has established a physical connection with the charging interface 161. The connection signal is a low-voltage electrical signal, for example, a 13V electrical signal.
[0093] After receiving the connection signal, the detection module 162 can output a power-on self-test instruction to each hardware device in the electric motorcycle 100. The power-on self-test instruction is used to instruct each hardware device in the electric motorcycle 100 to self-test its own working status. When the self-test of each hardware device is completed and there is no abnormality, the detection module 162 allows the power battery 141 to supply power to each hardware device in the electric motorcycle 100, so that each hardware device in the electric motorcycle 100 is powered on and started. Then, the electric motorcycle 100 can execute the charging control method of the embodiment of the present application. In the event that there is an abnormality in the hardware device, the detection module 162 prohibits the power battery 141 from supplying power to each hardware device in the electric motorcycle 100, so the electric motorcycle 100 is prohibited from powering on. Then, the electric motorcycle 100 cannot execute the charging control method of the embodiment of the present application. Only after the abnormality of the hardware device is eliminated can the electric motorcycle 100 execute the charging control method of the embodiment of the present application.
[0094] Step S12 : The isolation control module 164 confirms whether a driving signal is received.
[0095] Step S13A: when the isolation control module 164 receives the driving signal, the isolation control module 164 connects the charging interface 161 to the power battery 141 , so that the charging device 200 can charge the power battery 141 .
[0096] In one embodiment, the isolation control module 164 includes a step-down circuit 1641, an isolation circuit 1642, a switch driving circuit 1643, and a switch circuit 1644. For details, please refer to the above description and will not be repeated here. Therefore, the process of step S13 may include:
[0097] In the first step, the step-down circuit 1641 steps down the battery voltage of the power battery 141 to a first voltage, and outputs the first voltage to the isolation circuit 1642 .
[0098] In the second step, when the isolation circuit 1642 receives the driving signal, the isolation circuit 1642 outputs a second voltage to the switch driving circuit 1643 according to the driving signal and the first voltage.
[0099] In the third step, when the switch driving circuit 1643 receives the second voltage, the switch driving circuit 1643 drives the switch circuit 1644 to be turned on according to the second voltage, so that the charging interface 161 is connected to the power battery 141.
[0100] In this way, the charging device 200 can be electrically connected to the power battery 141 through the charging interface 161. Therefore, at this time, the charging device 200 can detect the battery voltage of the power battery 141 and then start charging the power battery 141.
[0101] Step S13B: When the isolation control module 164 does not receive the driving signal, the isolation control module 164 disconnects the charging interface 161 from the power battery 141 to cut off power to the charging interface 161 .
[0102] It is understood that when the drive module 163 outputs a drive signal, the isolation control module 164 can normally receive the drive signal. If the isolation control module 164 does not receive the drive signal, it indicates that there is an abnormality in the charging system 16. Therefore, to ensure the charging safety of the entire vehicle, the isolation control module 164 disconnects the charging interface 161 from the power battery 141, prohibiting the power battery 141 from charging.
[0103] Furthermore, when the power battery 141 is fully charged, the charging device 200 detects that the battery voltage of the power battery 141 is no longer increasing, so it stops supplying power. Then, the charging device 200 can be manually removed to disconnect the charging device 200 from the charging interface 161.
[0104] Correspondingly, see Figure 6 , the charging control method may further include:
[0105] Step S21 : When the charging interface 161 is disconnected from the charging device 200 , the driving module 163 stops outputting the driving signal.
[0106] In one embodiment, when the driving module 163 detects the connection status between the charging device 200 and the charging interface 161 through the detection module 162, the process of step S21 may correspond to:
[0107] When the charging device 200 is disconnected from the charging interface 161 , the detection module 162 does not output the charging control signal ACCharge to the driving module 163 , so that the driving module 163 does not output the driving signal Control_signal.
[0108] Step S22 : The isolation control module 164 confirms whether a driving signal is received.
[0109] Step S23A: When the isolation control module 164 does not receive the driving signal, the isolation control module 164 disconnects the charging interface 161 from the power battery 141 to cut off power to the charging interface 161 .
[0110] In one embodiment, the isolation control module 164 includes a step-down circuit 1641, an isolation circuit 1642, a switch driving circuit 1643, and a switch circuit 1644. Therefore, the process of step S13B or step S23A may include:
[0111] In the first step, when the isolation circuit 1642 does not receive the driving signal, the isolation circuit 1642 stops outputting the second voltage.
[0112] During this process, the isolation circuit 1642 can receive the first voltage output by the step-down circuit 1641, but since no driving signal is received, the isolation circuit 1642 cannot generate the second voltage based on the first voltage and the driving voltage, and therefore does not output the second voltage.
[0113] In the second step, when the switch driving circuit 1643 does not receive the second voltage, the switch driving circuit 1643 turns off the switch circuit 1644 to disconnect the charging interface 161 from the power battery 141. Therefore, the charging interface 161 is powered off and the power battery 141 stops charging.
[0114] Step S23B: When the isolation control module 164 receives the driving signal, the confirmation process ends.
[0115] Of course, when the electric motorcycle 100 or the charging device 200 is hit, or when the charging interface 161 is disconnected from the charging device 200 due to other reasons, the electric motorcycle 100 can also perform Figure 6 The steps shown are used to disconnect the charging interface 161 from the power supply.
[0116] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously.
[0117] The above embodiments are described in the form of preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present application by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. An electric motorcycle comprising: Frame; a body panel, the body panel being at least partially disposed on the vehicle frame; A wheel assembly, comprising a front wheel and a rear wheel disposed below the frame; a power system, the power system being disposed on the frame, the power system being in driving connection with at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel, the power system being used to provide power for the electric motorcycle, the power system comprising a motor and a power battery; a charging system, disposed on the vehicle frame or the vehicle body covering; The charging system comprises a driving module, an isolation control module, and a charging interface for inserting a charging device, wherein the driving module is isolated and connected to the power battery through the isolation control module; the driving module is capable of outputting a driving signal when the charging interface is electrically connected to the charging device, and is capable of stopping outputting the driving signal when the charging interface is disconnected from the charging device; The isolation control module is also connected between the charging interface and the power battery; when the isolation control module receives the driving signal, the isolation control module connects the charging interface and the power battery so that the charging device can charge the power battery; when the isolation control module does not receive the driving signal, the isolation control module disconnects the charging interface from the power battery to cut off power to the charging interface.
2. The electric motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein: The isolation control module includes a step-down circuit, an isolation circuit, a switch drive circuit and a switch circuit; The step-down circuit is connected to the power battery, and is used to step down the battery voltage of the power battery to a first voltage; The step-down circuit is further isolated and connected to the switch driving circuit via the isolation circuit, and the isolation circuit is further connected to the driving module. The isolation circuit is configured to output a second voltage to the switch driving circuit according to the driving signal and the first voltage upon receiving the driving signal; When the driving signal is not received, stopping outputting the second voltage; The switch drive circuit is also connected to the switch circuit, and the switch circuit is also connected to the charging interface and the power battery. The switch drive circuit is used to drive the switch circuit to turn on according to the second voltage when receiving the second voltage, so that the charging interface and the power battery are connected; and to turn off the switch circuit when the second voltage is not received, so that the charging interface and the power battery are disconnected.
3. The electric motorcycle according to claim 2, wherein: The isolation circuit includes a photoelectric coupler, a first isolation drive resistor, a second isolation drive resistor and an isolation switch tube, wherein the first input end of the photoelectric coupler is connected to the drive module, the second input end of the photoelectric coupler is grounded, the control end of the isolation switch tube is connected to the first output end of the photoelectric coupler through the first isolation drive resistor, and is connected to the first connection end of the isolation switch tube and the step-down circuit through the second isolation drive resistor, the second output end of the photoelectric coupler is connected to the switch drive circuit, and the second connection end of the isolation switch tube is connected to the switch drive circuit; Wherein, the photoelectric coupler is used to output a coupling voltage when receiving the driving signal; The isolation switch tube is used to be turned on when the coupling voltage and the first voltage are connected, and output the second voltage to the switch drive circuit; and to be turned off when the coupling voltage is not connected, thereby stopping the output of the second voltage.
4. The electric motorcycle according to claim 2, wherein: The step-down circuit includes a step-down driving resistor and a step-down switching tube, wherein a first connection end of the step-down switching tube is connected to the isolation circuit, a second connection end of the step-down switching tube is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery, and a control end of the step-down switching tube is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery through the step-down driving resistor; The step-down switch tube is configured to be turned on when connected to the battery voltage and output the first voltage to the isolation circuit.
5. The electric motorcycle according to claim 2, wherein: The switch driving circuit includes an anti-reverse diode, a current limiting resistor and a driving switch tube, wherein the anode of the anti-reverse diode is connected to the isolation circuit and the control terminal of the driving switch tube, the cathode of the anti-reverse diode is connected to the first connection terminal of the driving switch tube and the switching circuit through the current limiting resistor, and the second connection terminal of the driving switch tube is connected to the isolation circuit and the switching circuit; Among them, the driving switch tube is used to turn on when the anti-reverse diode is connected to the second voltage, and output the driving voltage to drive the switching circuit to turn on; when the anti-reverse diode is not connected to the second voltage, it is turned off and stops outputting the driving voltage to turn off the switching circuit.
6. The electric motorcycle according to claim 2, wherein: The switch circuit includes a charging switch tube and an anti-interference circuit. The control terminal of the charging switch tube is connected to the switch drive circuit. The first connection terminal of the charging switch tube is connected to the negative power supply terminal of the charging interface. The second connection terminal of the charging switch tube is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery and the switch drive circuit. The anti-interference circuit is connected between the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal of the charging switch tube. The positive electrode of the power battery is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the charging interface. The charging switch tube is configured to be turned on when the driving voltage is connected, so that the negative power supply end of the charging interface is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power battery; and to be turned off when the driving voltage is not connected, so that the negative power supply end of the charging interface is disconnected from the negative pole of the power battery.
7. The electric motorcycle according to claim 6, wherein: The switching circuit includes at least two charging switching tubes connected in parallel.
8. The electric motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein: The charging system further includes a detection module connected to the charging interface and the driving module; The detection module is used to detect the connection status between the charging device and the charging interface, and output a charging control signal to the driving module when the charging device and the charging interface are electrically connected; wherein the charging control signal is used to control the driving module to output the driving signal.
9. The electric motorcycle according to claim 8, wherein: The electric motorcycle further comprises: an instrument control panel, arranged on the vehicle frame; An electronic controller is provided on the vehicle frame, and the electronic controller includes at least one of a vehicle controller and a body controller and a motor controller; Among them, the instrument control panel or the body controller serves as the driving module, and the motor controller or the vehicle controller serves as the detection module.
10. A charging control method for an electric motorcycle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The charging control method includes: When the charging interface is electrically connected to a charging device, the driving module outputs a driving signal; When the isolation control module receives the driving signal, the isolation control module connects the charging interface to the power battery, so that the charging device can charge the power battery; When the charging interface is disconnected from the charging device, the driving module stops outputting the driving signal; When the isolation control module does not receive the driving signal, the isolation control module disconnects the charging interface from the power battery to cut off power to the charging interface.