An apparatus and method for online monitoring of critical component failure of a crane

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of crane monitoring, and discloses an online monitoring device and method for faults of key components of a crane, which comprises two beam rails and a bridge capable of moving on the beam rails, a controller is installed on the front wall of the bridge, touch switches electrically connected with the controller are installed on the left and right sides of the top of the bridge, shaft wheels are rotationally connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the bridge, an adjusting cylinder capable of being locked is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the left shaft wheel, and two symmetrical arc grooves are formed in the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder. When the shaft wheel on any side slips, the elastic sliding shaft will quickly move towards the corresponding side, drive the T-shaped touch pipe to extrude the touch switch for fault early warning, automatically limit the further slipping of the shaft wheel, automatically release the sand for anti-skid, reduce the abrasion between the shaft wheel and the beam rail, ensure the safe completion of the current operation of the bridge, and automatically mark the slipping area of the beam rail, so that subsequent maintenance is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of crane monitoring, in particular to an online monitoring device and method for faults of key components of a crane. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important tool for heavy object transfer, cranes are widely used in many scenes due to their simple and convenient operation and large lifting load, especially in some indoor workshops. Through the suspension of cranes such as beam cranes, heavy objects can be transferred to different areas of the workshop in a large span. Most existing cranes need to use related monitoring devices to monitor the running state of key components such as the drive wheel of the trolley, the track, the bearing, and the steel wire rope, to give early warning of wear, cracks, looseness, and other faults, avoid shutdown accidents, and ensure work safety and efficiency.

[0003] At present, the drive wheel of the trolley of the crane and the matching track can be combined to use vibration sensors, visual cameras, and other monitoring equipment to monitor wear and slip faults. When the drive wheel or the track is worn and the drive wheel slips in a specific area, although the abnormal situation can be identified, the slip effect cannot be weakened and the normal lifting operation cannot be maintained, which leads to the inability to smoothly complete the lifting of heavy objects and affects the production and processing tasks. When the wear is small, although the trolley can be forced to move to continue lifting heavy objects in the short term, there is a safety risk, and the movement will also exacerbate the wear between the wheel and the track. When the production environment is poor, floating objects with oil fall onto the track, and if they are not cleaned in time, the oil on the floating objects will gradually transfer to the surface of the track and be crushed by the drive wheel in the subsequent process. As the drive wheel moves, the coverage of the oil will increase, causing large-scale movement and slipping. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem that when the drive wheel or the track is worn, the general key component fault monitoring device of the crane cannot maintain normal lifting operation, weaken the slip, and clean the oil. The present application provides an online monitoring device and method for faults of key components of a crane.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above-mentioned purposes:

[0006] The utility model provides an online monitoring device of hoisting machine key component failure, including two beam tracks and the bridge frame can move on the beam track, the bridge frame front wall is equipped with the controller, the bridge frame top left and right sides are all equipped with the touch switch with the controller electricity is connected, the bridge frame inner chamber bottom left and right sides are all rotatably connected with the axle wheel, the axle wheel inner wall rotatably connected with the adjustable cylinder of being able to be locked, the adjustable cylinder inner wall is equipped with two symmetrical arc grooves, the axle wheel inner wall of right side slides the elastic slide axle of inserting into the adjustable cylinder, the elastic slide axle left end slides the cross pin post of adjustable joint and with the arc groove, the elastic slide axle middle part movably sheathed has T type touch pipe,

[0007] The bridge frame left and right sides are respectively provided with a sand box and a marking assembly, and the bridge frame inner cavity is rotatably connected with a cross shaft frame around the four sides.

[0008] Further, the outer ends of the two axle wheels are rollingly connected with the beam tracks, and the bottom of the bridge frame is rotatably connected with a balance wheel around the four sides, which is rollingly connected with the inner side edges of the beam tracks.

[0009] Further, the axle wheel has a tooth groove around the periphery, and the upper left and right sides of the bridge frame are provided with a driving motor, the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a driving gear engaged with the tooth groove of the axle wheel, the inner wall of the left axle wheel is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic disc, the electromagnetic disc is electrically connected with the controller, the right side of the adjustable cylinder is slidably connected with a friction plug capable of abutting against the inner wall of the axle wheel, the left end of the adjustable cylinder is elastically connected with a magnetic ring fixedly connected with the friction plug, and the magnetic ring repels the electrified electromagnetic disc.

[0010] Further, the left end of the elastic slide axle is embedded with a telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder is electrically connected with the controller, the output end of the telescopic cylinder has a slot, and the upper and lower walls of the slot are provided with inclined grooves, and the cross pin post is movably connected with the inclined grooves.

[0011] Further, the bottom of the sand box is rotatably connected with a sand guide plate on both sides, the inner wall of the sand guide plate has an arc-shaped sand guide groove between the rolling part of the axle wheel, the outer wall of the sand box has a protrusion limiting the outward deflection of the sand guide plate, the top of the sand box is provided with a sand cavity with a constricted bottom and an opening, a torsion valve core penetrating the sand box is rotatably and sealingly connected in the opening of the bottom of the sand cavity, the middle part of the torsion valve core is provided with a valve groove capable of being connected with the opening, the outer end of the torsion valve core is movably inserted into the T type touch pipe, the outer periphery of the torsion valve core is provided with a guide groove composed of a straight groove and a curved groove, and the inner wall of the T type touch pipe has a pin protrusion movably connected with the guide groove.

[0012] Further, the marking assembly comprises a paint tank formed integrally and a spray pipe arranged at the bottom of the paint tank, the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge, a ball valve is arranged at the top of the spray pipe and fixedly connected to the torsion valve core.

[0013] Further, the cross shaft frame is slidably connected with an elastic top rod fixedly connected with the cleaning impeller, the top of the elastic top rod is rounded, the two sides of the T-shaped contact pipe are fixedly connected with U-shaped push rods slidably connected to the upper wall of the bridge, the outer end of the U-shaped push rod has an inclined surface movably abutting against the top of the elastic top rod, and the lower wall of the cleaning impeller is provided with brush hairs.

[0014] Further, the suction pipes fixedly connected with the suction covers are inserted into the left and right walls of the bridge, and the suction pipes are externally mounted on the suction processing mechanism arranged on the bridge.

[0015] Further, the cross shaft frame is slidably connected with two symmetrical abutting plates, the abutting plates can extrude the sand guide plate, a plurality of elastic dredging rods movably abutting against the upper wall of the sand guide plate are slidably inserted into the two sides of the bottom of the sand cavity, the upper wall of the sand guide plate is horizontal, and a hinge rod movably connects between the abutting plates and the elastic top rod.

[0016] A method for online monitoring of failure of key components of a crane, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, when the bridge moves, control each suction cover to automatically suck and drive the cleaning impeller to rotate to clean the oily falling objects on the surface of the beam rail in advance, so as to avoid slipping caused by the axle wheel rolling, and reduce the failure probability and subsequent monitoring burden;

[0018] S2, when the bridge moves forward or backward, the cross pin column is connected with the corresponding side of the arc groove, and the adjusting cylinder is locked, when the axle wheel on any side slips and the rotating speed increases, the corresponding cross pin column drives the elastic slide shaft to move towards the corresponding side, the T-shaped contact pipe extrudes and touches the switch, the controller automatically records the related information and sends a failure warning to the external control center;

[0019] S3, when the elastic slide shaft moves to the left or right by a small range and the maximum distance, the axle wheel can be timely limited to further slip, the wear between the axle wheel and the beam rail is reduced, and the marking assembly automatically marks the slipping area of the beam rail.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0021] 1. The elastic sliding shaft moves quickly to the corresponding side when the rotational speed of the shaft wheel increases by slipping on any side, thereby driving the T-shaped contact tube to press the touch switch, so that the controller automatically records relevant information and timely sends a fault warning to the external control center, and after the elastic sliding shaft moves a maximum displacement in a small range, the shaft wheel is automatically limited from further slipping, reducing the wear between the shaft wheel and the beam rail.

[0022] 2. When the shaft wheel slips, the T-shaped contact tube automatically opens the sand box on the corresponding side to release sand for anti-skid, avoid further wear, and ensure the safe completion of the current operation of the bridge, while the cleaning impeller moves downward to clean the passing beam rail in depth, and cooperates with the suction cover to avoid sand scattering, and can also use sand to clean possible oil stains, reduce the probability of subsequent slipping failure, and in addition, the marking assembly can also automatically mark the slipping area of the beam rail, facilitating subsequent maintenance.

[0023] 3. When the shaft wheel does not slip, each suction cover automatically sucks, drives the cleaning impeller to rotate in a form not contacting the surface of the beam rail, and pre-sucks and cleans the oily falling objects on the surface of the beam rail, avoiding pressure coverage during cleaning and causing continuous slipping after the shaft wheel is rolled. DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional structure of the present application Figure One ;

[0025] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structure of the present application Figure Two ;

[0026] Figure 3 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the beam rail and the bridge of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the shaft wheel and the elastic sliding shaft of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the shaft wheel and the adjusting cylinder of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the adjusting cylinder of the present application.

[0030] Figure 7 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the T-shaped contact tube and the sand box of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the sand box and the torsion valve core of the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the bridge and the cross axle frame of the present application.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Beam rail; 2. Cable tray; 21. Controller; 22. Touch switch; 23. Drive gear; 3. Shaft wheel; 31. Electromagnetic disk; 32. Adjusting cylinder; 33. Arc groove; 34. Friction insert; 35. Magnetic ring; 36. Elastic sliding shaft; 37. Cross pin; 38. Telescopic cylinder; 39. Inclined groove; 4. T-shaped contact tube; 41. Pin protrusion; 42. U-shaped push rod; 5. Sand box; 51. Sand guide plate; 52. Elastic unblocking rod; 53. Torque valve core; 54. Guide groove; 6. Paint can; 61. Spray pipe; 7. Cross shaft bracket; 71. Support plate; 72. Elastic push rod; 73. Hinge rod; 74. Cleaning impeller; 75. Suction hood; 76. Suction pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1, as Figures 1-9 As shown, a device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane includes two beam rails 1 and a bridge frame 2 capable of moving on the beam rails 1. A controller 21 is installed on the front wall of the bridge frame 2. Touch switches 22 electrically connected to the controller 21 are installed on both the left and right sides of the top of the bridge frame 2. Wheels 3 are rotatably connected to both the left and right sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the bridge frame 2. The outer ends of the two wheels 3 are rolledly connected to the beam rails 1. Balance wheels are rotatably connected to the four sides of the bottom of the bridge frame 2 and rolledly connected to the inner edges of the beam rails 1. The outer periphery of the wheels 3 has toothed grooves. 2. Both the upper left and right sides are equipped with drive motors. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a drive gear 23 that meshes with the tooth groove of the shaft wheel 3. The inner wall of the left shaft wheel 3 is rotatably connected to an adjustable cylinder 32 that can be locked. The inner wall of the adjustable cylinder 32 has two symmetrical arc grooves 33. The inner wall of the right shaft wheel 3 is slidably engaged with a spring slide shaft 36 that is inserted into the adjustable cylinder 32. The left end of the spring slide shaft 36 is slidably engaged with a cross pin 37 that is movablely engaged with the arc groove 33 and whose position is adjustable. The middle part of the spring slide shaft 36 is movably sleeved with a T-shaped contact tube 4.

[0036] Sandboxes 5 and marking components are installed on both the left and right sides of the cable tray 2. Cross shaft brackets 7 are rotatably connected around the inner cavity of the cable tray 2. A cleaning impeller 74 that can move down is provided at the bottom of the cross shaft bracket 7, and a suction cover 75 that is sleeved on the cleaning impeller 74 is movably connected. Brush bristles are provided on the lower wall of the cleaning impeller 74.

[0037] Furthermore, suction pipes 76, which are fixedly connected to suction hoods 75, are fixedly inserted into both the left and right walls of the cable tray 2. The suction pipes 76 are externally connected to a suction processing mechanism installed on the cable tray 2.

[0038] When the bridge 2 moves forward and backward for the lifting operation, the suction treatment mechanism automatically sucks through the suction pipe 76 and the suction cover 75, and the oil floating on the surface of the beam rail 1 is cleaned by the cleaning blade of the cleaning impeller 74 under the action of the suction force. At the same time, the suction cover 75 sucks it away, reduces the probability of slipping caused by the subsequent rolling of the shaft wheel 3, and avoids the oil from being pressed onto the surface of the beam rail 1. When the bridge 2 moves backward, the cross pin column 37 is controlled to be clamped with the rear arc slot 33, and the adjusting cylinder 32 is controlled to be locked and fixed relative to the shaft wheel 3. When the shaft wheel 3 on any side slips and the rotating speed increases, the differential speed of the shaft wheels 3 on both sides is utilized, one side of the shaft wheel 3 is relatively stationary, and the other side of the shaft wheel 3 rotates. The elastic slide shaft 36 is relatively deflected with the adjusting cylinder 32, and the cross pin column 37 drives the elastic slide shaft 36 to move to the side corresponding to the slipping shaft wheel 3 under the guidance of the arc slot 33. When the bridge 2 moves forward, the cross pin column 37 is controlled to be clamped with the front arc slot 33, and the adjusting cylinder 32 is also controlled to be locked. When the shaft wheel 3 on any side slips and the rotating speed increases, the cross pin column 37 also drives the elastic slide shaft 36 to move to the side corresponding to the slipping shaft wheel 3. The elastic slide shaft 36 drives the T-shaped touch pipe 4 to press the corresponding side of the touch switch 22, and the controller 21 automatically records relevant information and sends a fault warning to the external control center. During this period, when the T-shaped touch pipe 4 just presses the corresponding side of the touch switch 22, the elastic slide shaft 36 just moves the maximum distance from the right side of the shaft wheel 3 to the left or right, and the cross pin column 37 just clamps with the end of the arc slot 33, so as to ensure that after the elastic slide shaft 36 moves to the maximum distance in a small range, the non-slip side of the shaft wheel 3 can limit the rotating speed of the other side of the shaft wheel 3 to a relatively normal rotating speed, thereby limiting the further slipping of the slipping shaft wheel 3 and reducing the wear between the shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1.

[0039] When the T-shaped touch pipe 4 moves to drive the corresponding side of the sand box 5 to open, the sand is released to the slipping shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1 for subsequent anti-skid, and the normal lifting operation is maintained in a short period of time. At the same time, the cleaning impeller 74 on the corresponding side automatically moves downward, and cooperates with the suction cover 75 to suck. After the bridge 2 moves, the cleaning impeller 74 moves downward to clean the surface of the beam rail 1 in depth, so as to clean the normally rolled and compacted sand to avoid scattering and affecting the operation below. At the same time, the sand mixed with oil after being rolled by the shaft wheel 3 can also be cleaned to eliminate the interference of the oil. During this period, the marking assembly automatically marks the slipping area of the beam rail 1 for subsequent inspection and maintenance. When the controller 21 detects that the bridge 2 moves a designated distance or a designated time, the controller 21 controls the unlocking of the adjusting cylinder 32, so that the elastic slide shaft 36 drives the adjusting cylinder 32 to automatically reset under the action of its own elastic force. At the same time, the sand box 5 and the marking assembly stop outputting, and the cleaning impeller 74 automatically resets. Subsequently, the controller 21 controls the locking of the adjusting cylinder 32, and then the second monitoring can be performed.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the locking assembly of the adjusting cylinder 32 is provided.

[0041] The inner wall of the left shaft wheel 3 is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic disc 31, and the electromagnetic disc 31 is electrically connected with the controller 21. The right side of the adjusting cylinder 32 is slidingly connected with a friction plug disc 34 capable of abutting against the inner wall of the shaft wheel 3. The left end of the adjusting cylinder 32 is elastically connected with a magnetic ring 35 fixedly connected with the friction plug disc 34, and the magnetic ring 35 is repelled by the electrified electromagnetic disc 31.

[0042] In use, the magnetic ring 35 is repelled by the electrified electromagnetic disc 31, thereby driving the friction plug disc 34 to abut against the inner wall of the shaft wheel 3, so that the adjusting cylinder 32 is fixed and cannot rotate freely. When the shaft wheel 3 on any side slips, the adjusting cylinder 32 can stably drive the elastic sliding shaft 36 to move for slip warning, because the adjusting cylinder 32 is relatively fixed with the left shaft wheel 3.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the position adjusting assembly of the cross pin column 37 is provided.

[0044] The left end of the elastic sliding shaft 36 is embedded with a telescopic cylinder 38 electrically connected with the controller 21. The output end of the telescopic cylinder 38 has a notch, and the upper and lower walls of the notch are both provided with inclined grooves 39. The cross pin column 37 is movably connected with the inclined grooves 39.

[0045] When the bridge 2 moves backward, the cross pin column 37 is connected with the rear arc groove 33, and the front end of the cross pin column 37 is close to the front arc groove 33. When the bridge 2 moves forward and the rotating direction of the shaft wheel 3 changes, the telescopic cylinder 38 is controlled to extend by the controller 21, thereby driving the inclined grooves 39 to press the cross pin column 37, so that the cross pin column 37 can be stably moved and connected to the front arc groove 33 from the rear arc groove 33, so that the elastic sliding shaft 36 can accurately move to the side of slip when the shaft wheel 3 on any side slips.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the sand releasing assembly is provided.

[0047] Both sides of the bottom of the sand box 5 are rotatably connected with sand guide plates 51. The inner wall of the sand guide plate 51 and the rolling part of the shaft wheel 3 have an arc-shaped sand guide groove. The outer wall of the sand box 5 has a protrusion for limiting the outward deflection of the sand guide plate 51. The top of the sand box 5 is provided with a sand cavity with a bottom contraction and an opening. A torsion valve core 53 penetrating the sand box 5 is rotatably and sealingly connected in the opening of the sand cavity. A valve groove capable of being connected with the opening is formed in the middle of the torsion valve core 53. The outer end of the torsion valve core 53 is movably inserted into the T-shaped contact pipe 4. A guide groove 54 composed of a straight groove and a curved groove is formed on the outer periphery of the torsion valve core 53. The inner wall of the T-shaped contact pipe 4 has a pin protrusion 41 movably connected with the guide groove 54.

[0048] When one side of the shaft wheel 3 slips, the T-shaped touch pipe 4 moves towards the corresponding side, so that the pin convex 41 moves along the guide groove 54, and when the T-shaped touch pipe 4 moves the maximum distance, the pin convex 41 is just clamped by the straight groove in the slipping side guide groove 54 to the end of the curved groove, so as to drive the torsion valve core 53 to deflect half a circle to make the valve groove and the bottom opening of the sand cavity butt joint, thereby automatically releasing the sand, cooperating with the sand guide plate 51 to limit the sand to be transported along the sand guide groove, so as to accurately transport the sand to the rolling part between the shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1, weaken the slipping effect, ensure smooth moving and lifting, and on the other hand, when the T-shaped touch pipe 4 moves away from the side of the shaft wheel 3 normally rotating, the pin convex 41 on the corresponding side continuously moves along the straight groove in the side guide groove 54 without being pulled out, so as to ensure subsequent stable release of sand on both sides.

[0049] In the above embodiment, a marking assembly control structure is provided.

[0050] The marking assembly comprises a paint tank 6 integrally formed and a spray pipe 61 arranged at the bottom of the paint tank 6, the spray pipe 61 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge 2, and a ball valve is installed at the top of the spray pipe 61 and fixedly connected with the torsion valve core 53.

[0051] When one side of the shaft wheel 3 slips and the torsion valve core 53 on the side deflects, the torsion valve core 53 synchronously opens the ball valve to control the paint liquid in the paint tank 6 to be released through the spray pipe 61 and sprayed to the outside of the slipping area of the beam rail 1 to mark, which is convenient for subsequent inspection and maintenance.

[0052] In the above embodiment, a cleaning impeller 74 downward moving control assembly is provided.

[0053] The cross shaft support 7 is slidably clamped with a spring top rod 72 fixedly connected with the cleaning impeller 74, the top of the spring top rod 72 is rounded, and the T-shaped touch pipe 4 is fixedly connected with a U-shaped push rod 42 slidably connected to the upper wall of the bridge 2, and the outer end of the U-shaped push rod 42 has an inclined surface movably abutting against the top of the spring top rod 72.

[0054] When one side of the shaft wheel 3 slips, the T-shaped touch pipe 4 moves towards the corresponding side, and at the same time drives the U-shaped push rod 42 to extrude the top of the spring top rod 72 by the outer end inclined surface, thereby driving the spring top rod 72 to move downward, so that the cleaning impeller 74 is close to the surface of the beam rail 1, thereby deeply cleaning the surface of the beam rail 1, cleaning the normally rolled and compacted sand to avoid scattering and affecting the work below, and also cleaning the sand mixed with oil after being rolled by the shaft wheel 3, eliminating the subsequent oil pollution interference.

[0055] In the above embodiment, a sand guide assembly is provided.

[0056] Two symmetrical abutting plates 71 are slidably connected to the cross shaft frame 7, and the abutting plates 71 can press the sand guide plate 51. A plurality of elastic dredging rods 52 are slidably connected to the both sides of the bottom of the sand cavity, and the upper wall of the sand guide plate 51 is movably connected with the elastic top rod 72. The upper wall of the sand guide plate 51 is horizontal, and the hinge rod 73 is movably connected between the abutting plate 71 and the elastic top rod 72.

[0057] When one side of the shaft wheel 3 slips, and the corresponding elastic top rod 72 drives the cleaning impeller 74 to move downward, the elastic top rod 72 synchronously drives the hinge rod 73 to push the abutting plate 71 to move towards the outside. When the cleaning impeller 74 drives the elastic top rod 72 to rotate the cross shaft frame 7, the abutting plate 71 is pressed by the sand guide plate 51, and the sand guide plate 51 presses the elastic dredging rod 52. The elastic dredging rod 52 can be reset with the sand guide plate 51 when the abutting plate 71 is turned away, so as to realize the reciprocating deflection of the sand guide plate 51 and the reciprocating movement of the elastic dredging rod 52 to guide the material. The sand cavity and the sand guide groove can stably convey the sand material to the outside, and the slipping effect of the shaft wheel 3 can be weakened in time. When it is not slipping, the abutting plate 71 is in a contracted state, which can avoid invalid wear.

[0058] In the above embodiment, an online monitoring method for faults of key components of a crane is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1, when the bridge frame 2 moves, control each suction cover 75 to automatically suck and drive the cleaning impeller 74 to rotate to clean the oily falling objects on the surface of the beam rail 1 in advance, so as to avoid the slipping of the shaft wheel 3 caused by rolling, and reduce the probability of failure and the subsequent monitoring burden;

[0060] S2, when the bridge frame 2 moves forward or backward, the cross pin column 37 is connected with the corresponding one side of the arc groove 33, and the adjusting cylinder 32 is locked. When the shaft wheel 3 on any one side slips and the rotating speed increases, the corresponding cross pin column 37 drives the elastic slide shaft 36 to move towards the corresponding side, and the T-shaped contact tube 4 presses and touches the switch 22, the controller 21 automatically records the related information and sends a fault warning to the external control center;

[0061] S3, when the elastic slide shaft 36 moves to the left or right by a small range and the maximum distance, the shaft wheel 3 can be timely limited to further slip, and the wear between the shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1 is reduced, and the marking assembly automatically marks the slipping area of the beam rail 1.

[0062] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to make or use the application. Modifications of these embodiments will occur to persons of skill in the art, and that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications that do not depart from the true spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane, comprising two beam rails (1) and a bridge frame (2) movable on the beam rails (1), characterized in that, A controller (21) is installed on the front wall of the cable tray (2). Touch switches (22) electrically connected to the controller (21) are installed on both the left and right sides of the top of the cable tray (2). Wheels (3) are rotatably connected to both the left and right sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the cable tray (2). An adjustable cylinder (32) that can be locked is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the left wheel (3). Two symmetrical arc grooves (33) are opened on the inner wall of the adjustable cylinder (32). A spring-loaded sliding shaft (36) inserted into the adjustable cylinder (32) is slidably engaged on the inner wall of the right wheel (3). A sliding joint is slidably engaged at the left end of the spring-loaded sliding shaft (36) with a... The arc groove (33) is movably engaged with the cross pin (37) and the position is adjustable. The elastic slide shaft (36) is movably sleeved with a T-shaped contact tube (4) in the middle. When the rotation speed increases due to the slippage of the shaft wheel (3) on either side, the elastic slide shaft (36) will move quickly toward the corresponding side, driving the T-shaped contact tube (4) to press the touch switch (22), so that the controller (21) automatically records relevant information and promptly provides fault warning to the external control center. After the elastic slide shaft (36) moves to its maximum displacement within a small range, it automatically limits the shaft wheel (3) from slipping further, reducing the wear between the shaft wheel (3) and the beam rail (1). Sandboxes (5) and marking components are installed on both the left and right sides of the bridge frame (2). A cross shaft frame (7) is rotatably connected around the inner cavity of the bridge frame (2). A cleaning impeller (74) that can move down is provided at the bottom of the cross shaft frame (7), and a suction cover (75) sleeved on the cleaning impeller (74) is movably connected. A telescopic cylinder (38) is embedded at the left end of the elastic sliding shaft (36). The telescopic cylinder (38) is electrically connected to the controller (21). The output end of the telescopic cylinder (38) has a slot and inclined grooves (39) are opened on both the upper and lower walls of the slot. The cross pin (37) is movably engaged with the inclined groove (39). Both sides of the bottom of the sand box (5) are rotatably connected to sand guide plates (51). There is an arc-shaped sand guide groove between the inner wall of the sand guide plate (51) and the rolling part of the shaft wheel (3). The outer wall of the sand box (5) has a protrusion that restricts the sand guide plate (51) from deflecting outward. The top of the sand box (5) is provided with a sand cavity that is constricted at the bottom and open. A torque valve core (53) that penetrates the sand box (5) is rotatably sealed in the bottom opening of the sand cavity. A valve groove that can dock with the opening is provided in the middle of the torque valve core (53). The outer end of the torque valve core (53) is movably inserted into the T-shaped contact tube (4). A guide groove (54) composed of a straight groove and a curved groove is provided around the torque valve core (53). The inner wall of the T-shaped contact tube (4) has a pin protrusion (41) that is movably engaged with the guide groove (54).

2. The device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ends of the two axle wheels (3) are rolledly connected to the beam rail (1), and the bottom of the bridge frame (2) is rotatably connected to balance wheels that are rolledly connected to the inner edge of the beam rail (1).

3. The device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axle wheel (3) has a toothed groove on its periphery. The upper left and right sides of the bridge frame (2) are equipped with drive motors. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a drive gear (23) that meshes with the toothed groove of the axle wheel (3). The inner wall of the axle wheel (3) on the left side is fixedly connected to an electric disk (31). The electric disk (31) is electrically connected to the controller (21). The right side of the adjusting cylinder (32) is slidably inserted with a friction insert (34) that can abut against the inner wall of the axle wheel (3). The left end of the adjusting cylinder (32) is elastically connected to a magnetic ring (35) that is fixedly connected to the friction insert (34). The magnetic ring (35) repels the energized electric disk (31).

4. The device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane according to claim 3, characterized in that, The marking assembly includes an integrally formed paint can (6) and a nozzle (61) disposed at the bottom of the paint can (6). The nozzle (61) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge frame (2). A ball valve is installed on the top of the nozzle (61) and the ball valve is fixedly connected to the torque valve core (53).

5. The device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross shaft bracket (7) is slidably engaged with a spring-loaded push rod (72) that is fixedly connected to the cleaning impeller (74). The top of the spring-loaded push rod (72) is rounded. Both sides of the T-shaped contact tube (4) are fixedly connected with U-shaped push rods (42) that are slidably connected to the upper wall of the bridge frame (2). The outer end of the U-shaped push rod (42) has an inclined surface that movably abuts against the top of the spring-loaded push rod (72). The lower wall of the cleaning impeller (74) is provided with bristles.

6. The device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cable tray (2) has suction pipes (76) fixedly inserted into its left and right walls and fixedly connected to the suction hood (75). The suction pipes (76) are externally connected to the suction processing mechanism installed on the cable tray (2).

7. The device for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two symmetrical abutments (71) are slidably engaged on the cross shaft frame (7). The abutments (71) can press against the sand guide plate (51). Several elastic unblocking rods (52) are slidably inserted on both sides of the bottom of the sand cavity and move against the upper wall of the sand guide plate (51). The upper wall of the sand guide plate (51) is horizontal. A hinge rod (73) is movably connected between the abutments (71) and the elastic rods (72).

8. A method for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane, comprising using the apparatus for online monitoring of faults in key components of a crane as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When the bridge (2) moves, control each suction hood (75) to automatically suction and drive the cleaning impeller (74) to rotate to clean the oily debris on the surface of the beam rail (1) in advance, so as to avoid slippage caused by the roller (3), reduce the probability of failure and the subsequent monitoring burden. S2. When the cable tray (2) moves forward or backward, the control cross pin (37) engages with the corresponding side arc groove (33) and the control adjusting cylinder (32) is locked. When the shaft wheel (3) on either side slips and the speed increases, the corresponding cross pin (37) drives the elastic sliding shaft (36) to move toward the corresponding side, and the T-type contact tube (4) then squeezes the touch switch (22). The controller (21) automatically records relevant information and sends a fault warning to the external control center. S3. When the elastic sliding shaft (36) moves to the left or right within a small range to the maximum distance, it can promptly limit the further slippage of the shaft wheel (3), reduce the wear between the shaft wheel (3) and the beam rail (1), and at the same time, the marking component automatically marks the slippage area of ​​the beam rail (1).

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