Wear-resistant less-lampblack non-stick pan based on metal ceramic coating and preparation method of wear-resistant less-lampblack non-stick pan

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant less-lampblack non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating, which comprises the following steps: S1, forming an aluminum alloy sheet into a pan blank shape, and carrying out surface pretreatment to obtain a clean pan blank; s2, co-permeation treatment is conducted on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pot blank through a rare earth nickel boron co-permeation agent, and an interface layer is obtained; s3, metal ceramic powder of a core-shell structure is sprayed and deposited on the inner surface of the pot blank through the cold spraying technology, and a metal ceramic transition layer is formed; and S4, the outer surface of the pan blank is coated with at least one enamel layer, the surface of the metal ceramic transition layer is coated with a ceramic-based non-stick layer, and finally the wear-resistant less-lampblack non-stick pan is obtained. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the wear resistance and the scratch resistance of the cookware are remarkably improved, the risk of coating stripping is reduced, a heat conduction path is optimized, oil fume caused by local overheating during cooking is reduced, and the requirements of modern kitchens on high-quality and high-efficiency kitchen ware can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of non-stick pans, and in particular to a wear-resistant and low-smoke non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing non-stick pan substrates typically come in several types, including aluminum, composite metal plates, stainless steel, and iron nitride. While aluminum substrates offer good thermal conductivity, they have a relatively low hardness, typically around HV80. The non-stick coating has an even lower hardness, ranging from HV5 to HV10. When scraped by a spatula, the aluminum substrate lacks sufficient support, causing the coating to easily peel and resulting in a shorter service life. While composite metal plate substrates offer a high hardness that effectively supports the non-stick coating and reduces peeling, their manufacturing process is complex, requiring large-scale rolling equipment and resulting in high processing costs. The inner surface hardness of stainless steel or iron nitride substrates, ranging from HV150 to HV250, provides sufficient support, but their thermal conductivity is inferior to that of aluminum, resulting in the generation of significant amounts of oil smoke during cooking, impacting both cooking results and the kitchen environment. These issues limit the performance improvement and widespread adoption of non-stick pans. Consequently, developing high-performance, wear-resistant, and smoke-free non-stick pans has become a research hotspot within the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant and low-smoke non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating to solve the technical problems of traditional non-stick pans such as poor wear resistance, easy peeling of the coating, uneven heat conduction and high amount of oil smoke generated.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Use a large-tonnage press to form the aluminum alloy sheet into the shape of a pot blank, and obtain a clean pot blank after surface pretreatment.

[0007] S2: The inner and outer surfaces of the pot blank obtained in step S1 are subjected to a co-penetration treatment using a rare earth nickel-boron co-penetration agent to obtain an interface layer; the present invention forms an interface layer by performing a rare earth nickel-boron co-penetration treatment on the inner and outer surfaces of the pot blank. The high chemical activity of rare earth elements (such as lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium) enables them to react with the surface of aluminum alloys to form stable compounds, significantly enhancing the bonding strength between the interface layer and the substrate. Boron element further optimizes the heat conduction path and reduces thermal resistance by forming stable borides, making the cookware more evenly heated during cooking and reducing local overheating. In addition, the introduction of the interface layer effectively reduces the risk of coating peeling due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients, improves the oxidation resistance and thermal stability of the cookware, and significantly improves the overall performance of the cookware.

[0008] S3: Using cold spraying technology and nitrogen as the accelerating medium, the metal ceramic powder with a core-shell structure is sprayed and deposited on the inner surface of the pot blank obtained in step S2 to form a metal ceramic transition layer. The present invention uses cold spraying technology to avoid the influence of high temperature on the substrate and coating properties, and retains the original properties of the powder material. The metal ceramic powder with a core-shell structure not only provides high hardness and wear resistance, but also enhances the adhesion and durability of the coating. The metal ceramic transition layer formed by cold spraying technology significantly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the pot, while optimizing the heat conduction path, reducing local overheating during cooking, and thus significantly reducing the generation of oil smoke.

[0009] S4: coating at least one enamel layer on the outer surface of the pot blank, and coating a ceramic-based non-stick layer on the surface of the metal-ceramic transition layer obtained in step S3, to finally obtain the wear-resistant and low-smoke non-stick pot.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the rare earth nickel-boron co-penetration agent is prepared from lanthanum nitrate, nickel nitrate and triethyl borate in a mass ratio of 1-3:2-5:1-3.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the temperature of the co-penetration treatment is 600-650°C, the holding time is 1-5 hours, and the pressure of the co-penetration furnace is increased to 0.2-0.5 MPa after the treatment.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the shell of the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder is composed of titanium carbide and silicon dioxide, and the core is a nickel-aluminum alloy doped with rare earth elements.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the preparation method of the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder is as follows: first, a layer of titanium dioxide is coated on the surface of a rare earth element-doped nickel-aluminum alloy, then mixed with carbon black, placed in a microwave reactor, and subjected to microwave heating reaction under closed conditions; then, the obtained product is coated on its surface with a layer of silicon dioxide by a sol-gel method; finally, the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder is obtained by calcination and ball milling.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the rare earth element is at least one of cerium, yttrium and lanthanum.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the temperature of the nitrogen is 800-900° C., and the critical velocity is 800-1000 m / s.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the main component of the ceramic-based non-stick layer includes at least one of polymethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane and polydimethylphenylsiloxane.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the enamel layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of quartz, 15-25 parts of feldspar, 10-20 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of borax, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 3-8 parts of soda ash, 2-5 parts of lithium carbonate, 2-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 3-6 parts of zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.5-2 parts of antimony oxide, 1-3 parts of zirconium dioxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of nickel oxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of iron oxide, and 0.5-2.5 parts of pigment.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant, low-smoke non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating, which is prepared using the above-mentioned method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention presents a method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal-ceramic coating. By innovatively coating the inner surface of the pan base with an interface layer, a metal-ceramic transition layer, and a ceramic-based non-stick layer, and the outer surface with an interface layer and an enamel layer, the method significantly improves the pan's wear resistance and scratch resistance while also effectively reducing the generation of oil smoke caused by localized overheating during cooking. This design not only enhances the overall performance of the pan but also maintains excellent non-stick properties, helping to extend the pan's lifespan and enhance the cooking experience. Specifically, the metal-ceramic transition layer formed on the inner surface of the pan base via cold spraying significantly improves the pan's hardness and wear resistance, while also optimizing the heat conduction path and reducing localized overheating during cooking, thereby significantly reducing the generation of oil smoke. The interface layer formed by the rare earth nickel-boron co-infiltration agent not only optimizes the heat conduction path but also enhances the pan's antioxidant properties and thermal stability. The ceramic-based non-stick layer applied to the metal-ceramic transition layer ensures the pan's non-stick properties, preventing food from sticking and improving cooking convenience. In addition, the enamel layer coated on the outer surface of the pot not only provides an aesthetically pleasing appearance, but also enhances the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the pot, further improving the durability of the pot.

[0021] In summary, the wear-resistant, low-smoke non-stick pan based on the metal-ceramic coating of this invention not only combines excellent wear resistance and low-smoke properties, but also significantly improves the overall performance of the pan by optimizing heat conduction and coating adhesion. This design not only meets the demand for high-quality, high-performance cookware in modern kitchens, but also provides users with a more durable, environmentally friendly, and easy-to-use non-stick pan solution through innovative materials and processes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and those skilled in the art may conceive of other obvious variations.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] The preparation method of the wear-resistant and smoke-free non-stick pan based on the metal ceramic coating in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0025] S1: Use a large-tonnage press to form a 5mm thick aluminum alloy sheet into a pot shape. Then, place the formed pot in an ultrasonic cleaner and use deionized water and neutral detergent to ultrasonically clean it at a frequency of 40kHz for 15 minutes to remove surface oil, impurities and oxide layer. After cleaning, place it in an 80°C oven to dry for 2 hours to ensure that the surface is clean and free of moisture to obtain a clean pot.

[0026] S2: Lanthanum nitrate, nickel nitrate and triethyl borate are prepared into rare earth nickel-boron co-penetration agent in a mass ratio of 2:3:2. The pot blank obtained in step S1 is placed in a co-penetration furnace, and the rare earth nickel-boron co-penetration agent is used to cover the inner and outer surfaces of the pot blank. The temperature is raised to 600°C and kept warm for 2 hours. Nitrogen is introduced during the holding process to promote the co-penetration reaction. After the holding is completed, the pressure of the co-penetration furnace is increased to 0.3MPa and maintained for 1 hour to continue the co-penetration treatment to form an interface layer with a thickness of 50μm.

[0027] S3: A nickel-aluminum alloy with the grade NiAl-6 (nickel content of approximately 94% and aluminum content of approximately 6%) is first selected as the base material and prepared into particles with a diameter of 20μm by a smelting method. During the smelting process, 0.5wt% of the rare earth element cerium (Ce) is separately doped into the alloy to enhance the alloy's performance. The specific smelting steps are as follows: After the NiAl-6 alloy raw material and cerium particles are mixed in proportion, the mixture is placed in a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, heated to 1500°C under argon protection, and smelted for 30 minutes to obtain a uniform cerium-doped nickel-aluminum alloy. The smelted alloy is then poured into a metal mold and cooled to form. Finally, it is mechanically crushed and sieved to prepare particles with a diameter of 20μm.

[0028] The particles were then coated with titanium dioxide. The method involved preparing a 100g / L aqueous solution of ammonium fluorotitanate and a 100g / L aqueous solution of boric acid. Six grams of nickel-aluminum alloy particles were then added to 0.5g of the surfactant CTAB and 50ml of deionized water. This was followed by the addition of 40ml of the aqueous solution of ammonium fluorotitanate and 80ml of the aqueous solution of boric acid. The mixture was reacted at 50°C under magnetic stirring for 5 hours. The mixture was then washed three times with deionized water, filtered, and dried at 80°C for 5 hours to obtain titanium dioxide-coated nickel-aluminum alloy particles. The particles were then mixed with carbon black in a mass ratio of 1:0.5, placed in a microwave reactor, and reacted for 30 minutes at a microwave power of 800W under sealed conditions.

[0029] The particles are then coated with a layer of silica using a sol-gel method. Specifically, the particles are immersed in a 50g / L tetraethyl orthosilicate solution, followed by the addition of an appropriate amount of water and an acidic catalyst (such as hydrochloric acid, adjusted to a pH of 2.5). After stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the mixture is dried at 80°C for 2 hours. Finally, the particles are calcined (in an air atmosphere, at a heating rate of 5°C / min, to a temperature of 600°C, and held for 2 hours) and ball-milled (for 2 hours at a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1) to obtain a core-shell cermet powder. The core-shell cermet powder consists of titanium carbide and silica, while the core is a nickel-aluminum alloy doped with the rare earth element cerium.

[0030] Finally, cold spraying technology was used, with nitrogen at 850°C as the accelerating medium and a critical speed of 900m / s, to spray and deposit the metal ceramic powder on the inner surface of the pot blank obtained in step S2. The spraying distance was 120mm and the spraying time was 12 minutes, forming a metal ceramic transition layer with a thickness of 120μm.

[0031] S4: By weight, 35 parts of quartz, 20 parts of feldspar, 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of borax, 3 parts of sodium nitrate, 5 parts of soda ash, 3 parts of lithium carbonate, 4 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 5 parts of titanium dioxide, 1 part of antimony oxide, 2 parts of zirconium dioxide, 0.3 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.2 parts of nickel oxide, 0.2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.2 parts of iron oxide, and 1 part of pigment are mixed evenly, and then an appropriate amount of water is added to make an enamel slurry. The enamel slurry is evenly sprayed on the outer surface of the pot blank with a spraying thickness of 150 μm. After spraying, the pot blank is placed in a sintering furnace. The enamel layer is sintered at 850°C for 2 hours to form a uniform enamel layer. At the same time, polydimethylsiloxane is selected as the main component of the ceramic-based non-stick layer, and it is mixed and stirred evenly with an appropriate amount of a curing agent (such as dibutyltin dilaurate) and a solvent (ethanol) to obtain a non-stick layer coating with a polydimethylsiloxane concentration of 50g / L. The coating is evenly sprayed on the surface of the metal ceramic transition layer with a spraying thickness of 30μm. The pot blank is then placed in a curing furnace and cured at 180°C for 2 hours to form a uniform ceramic-based non-stick layer, and finally the wear-resistant and low-smoke non-stick pan is obtained.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] The preparation method of the wear-resistant and smoke-free non-stick pan based on the metal ceramic coating in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: Use a large-tonnage press to form a 4mm thick aluminum alloy sheet into a pot shape. Then, place the formed pot in an ultrasonic cleaner and use deionized water and neutral detergent to ultrasonically clean it at a frequency of 35kHz for 12 minutes to remove surface oil, impurities and oxide layer. After cleaning, place it in a 90°C oven to dry for 1.5 hours to ensure that the surface is clean and free of moisture to obtain a clean pot.

[0035] S2: Lanthanum nitrate, nickel nitrate and triethyl borate are prepared into rare earth nickel-boron co-penetration agent in a mass ratio of 1:2:1. The pot blank obtained in step S1 is placed in a co-penetration furnace, and the rare earth nickel-boron co-penetration agent is covered on the inner and outer surfaces of the pot blank. The temperature is raised to 620°C and kept warm for 3 hours. Nitrogen is introduced during the insulation process to promote the co-penetration reaction. After the insulation is completed, the pressure of the co-penetration furnace is increased to 0.35MPa and maintained for 1.5 hours to continue the co-penetration treatment to form an interface layer with a thickness of 60μm.

[0036] S3: First, a nickel-aluminum alloy with the grade NiAl-10 (nickel content of approximately 90% and aluminum content of approximately 10%) is selected as the base material and prepared into particles with a diameter of 22μm by a smelting method. During the smelting process, 0.8wt% of the rare earth element yttrium (Y) is separately doped into the alloy to enhance the alloy's performance. The specific smelting steps are as follows: After the NiAl-10 alloy raw material and yttrium particles are mixed in proportion, they are placed in a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, heated to 1550°C under argon protection, and smelted for 35 minutes to obtain a uniform cerium-doped nickel-aluminum alloy. The smelted alloy is then poured into a metal mold and cooled to form. Finally, it is mechanically crushed and sieved to prepare particles with a diameter of 22μm.

[0037] The particles were then coated with titanium dioxide. The method involved preparing a 110g / L aqueous solution of ammonium fluorotitanate and a 110g / L aqueous solution of boric acid. Seven grams of nickel-aluminum alloy particles were then added to 0.6g of the surfactant CTAB and 50ml of deionized water. This was followed by the addition of 45ml of the aqueous solution of ammonium fluorotitanate and 85ml of the aqueous solution of boric acid. The mixture was reacted at 50°C under magnetic stirring for six hours. The mixture was then washed three times with deionized water, filtered, and dried at 80°C for five hours to obtain titanium dioxide-coated nickel-aluminum alloy particles. The particles were then mixed with carbon black in a mass ratio of 1:0.6, placed in a microwave reactor, and reacted for 30 minutes at a microwave power of 900W under sealed conditions.

[0038] The particles are then coated with a layer of silica using a sol-gel method. Specifically, the particles are immersed in a 60g / L tetraethyl orthosilicate solution, followed by the addition of an appropriate amount of water and an acidic catalyst (such as hydrochloric acid, adjusted to a pH of 2.5). After stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, the mixture is dried at 80°C for 2 hours. Finally, the mixture is calcined (in air at a heating rate of 5°C / min, calcined to 620°C, and held for 2 hours) and ball-milled (for 2 hours at a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1) to produce a core-shell cermet powder. The core-shell cermet powder consists of titanium carbide and silica, while the core is a nickel-aluminum alloy doped with the rare earth element cerium.

[0039] Finally, cold spraying technology was used, with nitrogen at 850°C as the accelerating medium and a critical speed of 950m / s, to spray and deposit the metal ceramic powder on the inner surface of the pot blank obtained in step S2. The spraying distance was 110mm and the spraying time was 13 minutes, forming a metal ceramic transition layer with a thickness of 130μm.

[0040] S4: By weight, 38 parts of quartz, 18 parts of feldspar, 12 parts of clay, 7 parts of borax, 4 parts of sodium nitrate, 6 parts of soda ash, 4 parts of lithium carbonate, 3 parts of calcium carbonate, 2.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 5.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.5 parts of antimony oxide, 2.5 parts of zirconium dioxide, 0.4 part of cobalt oxide, 0.3 part of nickel oxide, 0.3 part of manganese dioxide, 0.4 part of iron oxide and 1.5 parts of pigment are mixed evenly, and then an appropriate amount of water is added to make an enamel slurry. The enamel slurry is evenly sprayed on the outer surface of the pot blank with a spraying thickness of 130μm. After spraying, the pot blank is placed in a sintering furnace and sintered at 860℃ for 2 hours to form a uniform enamel layer. At the same time, polymethylphenylsiloxane is selected as the main component of the ceramic-based non-stick layer, and it is mixed and stirred evenly with an appropriate amount of a curing agent (such as dibutyltin dilaurate) and a solvent (ethanol) to obtain a non-stick layer coating with a polymethylphenylsiloxane concentration of 55 g / L. The coating is evenly sprayed on the surface of the metal ceramic transition layer with a spraying thickness of 28 μm. The pot blank is then placed in a curing furnace and cured at 175°C for 2 hours to form a uniform ceramic-based non-stick layer, and finally the wear-resistant and low-smoke non-stick pan is obtained.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The present embodiment is a method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating. The raw material composition and preparation steps are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that, in the preparation method of the present embodiment, the shell of the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder is composed of titanium carbide and silicon dioxide, and the core is a nickel-aluminum alloy doped with the rare earth element lanthanum.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating. The raw material composition and preparation steps are substantially the same as those of Example 1, with the difference being that, in the preparation method of the present embodiment, the main component of the ceramic-based non-stick layer is polymethylsiloxane instead of polydimethylsiloxane.

[0045] Example 5

[0046] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating. The raw material composition and preparation steps are substantially the same as those of Example 1, with the difference being that, in the preparation method of the present embodiment, the main component of the ceramic-based non-stick layer is polydimethylphenylsiloxane instead of polydimethylsiloxane.

[0047] Comparative Example 1

[0048] The preparation method of the wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on the metal ceramic coating in this comparative example has the same raw material composition and preparation steps as those in Example 1, except that step S2 is not included in the preparation method of this comparative example.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] The preparation method of the wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on the metal ceramic coating in this comparative example has the same raw material composition and preparation steps as those in Example 1, except that step S3 is not included in the preparation method of this comparative example.

[0051] The wear-resistant and smoke-free non-stick pans based on the metal ceramic coating prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were subjected to performance tests, and the performance results are shown in Table 1:

[0052] Wear resistance testing was conducted according to ASTM D4060. The test equipment was an abrasion tester, with a load set to 1000g and a cycle count of 1000. The specific procedure was as follows: The inner surface of the cookware was secured to the test platform of the abrasion tester and tested using a standard abrasion-resistant paper tape. The equipment was started, and after 1000 cycles, the surface wear was recorded to assess the cookware's wear resistance.

[0053] Thermal conductivity testing was conducted in accordance with ASTM E1461. The test equipment used was a heat flow meter, and the test temperature was set at 200°C. The specific steps were as follows: Attach the heat flow meter sensor to the inner surface of the cookware, place the cookware on a heat source, and set the temperature to 200°C. The heat flow meter was used to measure the heat flux density on the cookware surface, and the heat flux data was recorded to evaluate thermal conductivity.

[0054] The oil fume production test is conducted using an oil fume meter set at 250°C. The specific steps are as follows: Place the cookware on a heating source set to 250°C. Use the oil fume meter to measure the amount of oil fume produced during heating. Record the oil fume data to assess oil fume production.

[0055] The nonstick coating adhesion test is conducted using the cross-hatch method in accordance with ISO 2409. The specific test steps are as follows: First, use a cross-hatch tester to create a standard grid on the nonstick coating surface, with a grid spacing of 1mm. Next, apply standard 3M adhesive tape (Type 600) to the cross-hatch area, ensuring that the tape adheres completely to the coating surface. Next, quickly remove the tape and observe any signs of nonstick coating peeling. The percentage of coating peeling is recorded; a lower value indicates better adhesion. The test basis and specific test steps for enamel coating adhesion are the same as those for nonstick coating adhesion.

[0056] Table 1

[0057] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Wear resistance, mg 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.4 Thermal conductivity, W / cm² 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.2 Oil fume generation, mg / min 15 16 15 14 15 18 19 Non-stick layer adhesion, % 4.8 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.7 5.1 Enamel layer adhesion, % 5.2 5.5 5.1 5.3 5.3 5.8 5.2

[0058] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: Use a large-tonnage press to form the aluminum alloy sheet into the shape of a pot blank, and obtain a clean pot blank after surface pretreatment; S2: performing co-infiltration treatment on the inner and outer surfaces of the pot blank obtained in step S1 using a rare earth nickel-boron co-infiltration agent to obtain an interface layer; S3: using cold spraying technology and nitrogen as an accelerating medium, spraying and depositing the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder on the inner surface of the pot blank obtained in step S2 to form a metal ceramic transition layer; S4: coating at least one enamel layer on the outer surface of the pot blank, and coating a ceramic-based non-stick layer on the surface of the metal-ceramic transition layer obtained in step S3, to finally obtain the wear-resistant and low-smoke non-stick pot.

2. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth nickel-boron co-penetrating agent is prepared from lanthanum nitrate, nickel nitrate and triethyl borate in a mass ratio of 1-3:2-5:1-3.

3. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the co-penetration treatment is 600-650° C., the holding time is 1-5 hours, and the pressure of the co-penetration furnace is increased to 0.2-0.5 MPa after the treatment.

4. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shell of the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder is composed of titanium carbide and silicon dioxide, and the core is a nickel-aluminum alloy doped with rare earth elements.

5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder is as follows: first, a layer of titanium dioxide is coated on the surface of a rare earth element-doped nickel-aluminum alloy, then the alloy is mixed with carbon black, placed in a microwave reactor, and subjected to microwave heating reaction under closed conditions; then, a layer of silicon dioxide is coated on the surface of the obtained product through a sol-gel method; and finally, the core-shell structured metal ceramic powder is obtained through calcination and ball milling.

6. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth element is at least one of cerium, yttrium and lanthanum.

7. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the nitrogen is 800-900° C., and the critical velocity is 800-1000 m / s.

8. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main component of the ceramic-based non-stick layer includes at least one of polymethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane and polydimethylphenylsiloxane.

9. The method for preparing a wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The enamel layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of quartz, 15-25 parts of feldspar, 10-20 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of borax, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 3-8 parts of soda ash, 2-5 parts of lithium carbonate, 2-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 3-6 parts of zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.5-2 parts of antimony oxide, 1-3 parts of zirconium dioxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of cobalt oxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of nickel oxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of iron oxide, and 0.5-2.5 parts of pigment.

10. A wear-resistant, low-smoke, non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating, characterized in that: The non-stick pan is prepared by the method for preparing a wear-resistant and low-smoke non-stick pan based on a metal ceramic coating as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.