Spark sputtering prevention and wear resistance fiber, preparation process thereof, yarn and fabric

Abstract

The invention discloses a sparkproof sputtering and wear-resistant fiber, a preparation process thereof, a yarn and a fabric, and belongs to the technical field of textile fabrics and garments. The fiber is a sheath-core composite fiber and is provided with a concentric-circle-shaped sheath layer and a concentric-circle-shaped core layer, the sheath layer is made of polyamide containing a flame retardant, the core layer is made of polyphenylene sulfide, and the mass ratio of the sheath layer to the core layer is 50 / 50-70 / 30. The fiber and the yarn prepared by the embodiment of the invention have the characteristics of flame retardance, high temperature resistance and wear resistance, can be made into a spark sputtering prevention fabric, and also meet the normal dyeing application requirements in the field of civil textile and clothing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of textile fabrics and clothing, and particularly relates to a spark-proof and wear-resistant fiber, a preparation process thereof, and a yarn and fabric. Background Art

[0002] Flame-retardant fabrics are fire-resistant textiles. Traditional production processes involve physically adding flame retardants to fiber yarns. There are several types of flame retardants, distinguished by their mechanism of action. These include inorganic flame retardant systems like magnesium hydroxide and antimony trioxide, as well as organic flame retardants like bromine. Their core goal is to physically and / or chemically interrupt the combustion chain reaction, thereby inhibiting the spread of flames or achieving self-extinguishing. In everyday situations like fireworks and outdoor bonfires, sparks may splash onto clothing, causing burns or damage. Unlike conventional flame-retardant requirements, spark-spark protection requirements focus on ensuring that the fabric is less likely to ignite when a fire source contacts it. They also require the fabric to possess certain heat-resistant and heat-insulating properties, thereby reducing the risk of burns from the fire source when the garment is worn.

[0003] In addition to developing flame retardants, the preparation of intrinsically flame-retardant fiber materials is also one approach to achieving spark-resistance for fabrics. Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) has alternating benzene rings and sulfur atoms in its molecular chain. The sulfur element catalyzes dehydration and carbonization of the material's surface at high temperatures, forming a dense carbonized layer. This carbonized layer isolates oxygen and heat transfer, inhibiting the release of combustible gases and thus interrupting the combustion chain reaction. Therefore, it exhibits high-temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and thermal stability, leading to its widespread application in the automotive, electronics, and aerospace industries. However, PPS's inherently high glass transition temperature and high crystallinity make it difficult for dyes to penetrate the fiber during the dyeing process, making it difficult to dye. Furthermore, PPS has poor light resistance and tends to yellow under exposure to light. Due to these factors, the use of PPS in conventional civilian clothing is still relatively limited.

[0004] Chinese patent publication CN 101134847 A discloses a polyphenylene sulfide / polyamide composite material and its preparation method. The method primarily involves blending and melting polyphenylene sulfide with polyamide and other materials to produce the composite material. However, due to the high crystallinity and glass transition temperature of polyphenylene sulfide, dye molecules have difficulty penetrating the material during the dyeing process. Therefore, conventional dyeing processes cannot be used for dyeing textile fabrics, resulting in significant limitations in the textile and apparel industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a fiber that is both spark-proof and wear-resistant, its preparation process, yarn, and fabric. The fiber and yarn provided by the present invention have the properties of flame retardancy, high temperature resistance, and wear resistance, and can be made into fabrics that are spark-proof. At the same time, they also meet the normal dyeing application needs in the field of civilian textiles and clothing.

[0006] The present invention provides a fiber that is both spark-proof and wear-resistant. The fiber is a sheath-core composite fiber having a concentric sheath layer and a core layer. The sheath layer is made of polyamide containing a flame retardant, and the core layer is made of polyphenylene sulfide. The mass ratio of the sheath layer to the core layer is 50 / 50 to 70 / 30.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the polyamide in the skin layer is PA6 and / or PA66; and the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide in the core layer is 280-290°C.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass proportion of the flame retardant in the skin layer is 10% to 15%; and the flame retardant is an organic nitrogen-based flame retardant.

[0009] The present invention provides a process for preparing the aforementioned spark-proof and wear-resistant fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0010] The polyamide raw material and the flame retardant are mixed and melt-extruded to obtain the skin layer material; the polyphenylene sulfide material is used as the core layer material;

[0011] The skin layer material and the core layer material are melt-extruded into skin layer melt and core layer melt respectively, and are spun through concentric skin-core composite components according to mass proportion, and are drawn and wound to obtain skin-core composite fibers.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the polyamide raw material to the flame retardant is 85-90:10-15; the heating temperature of the melt extrusion is 230-250°C; the particle size of the skin material is 3-6mm; and the polyphenylene sulfide material is PPS chips with a melting point of 280-290°C.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control of the process of melt extrusion of the skin layer material is divided into 5 sections, and the set temperature is 240℃-260℃, wherein the temperatures of the first to fifth sections are: 240℃-245℃, 245℃-250℃, 250℃-255℃, 255℃-260℃, 255℃-260℃; the temperature control of the process of melt extrusion of the core layer material is divided into 5 sections, and the set temperature is 280℃-300℃, wherein the temperatures of the first to fifth sections are: 300℃-295℃, 295℃-290℃, 290℃-285℃, 285℃-280℃, 285℃-280℃.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the spinning box temperature in the concentric circular skin-core composite assembly is 280℃-290℃; the spinning speed is 1000-1500m / min; the drawing includes a first hot roller drawing and a second hot roller drawing in sequence, the temperature of the first hot roller drawing is 60-70℃, and the temperature of the second hot roller drawing is 90-110℃; the winding speed is 1500-2000m / min.

[0015] The present invention provides a yarn, which is prepared by using a core-sheath composite fiber obtained by the preparation process described above as a raw yarn and undergoing stretching and false twisting deformation processing.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the stretching ratio is 1.20-1.30; and the oiling rate in the false twist texturing process is 1.5-2.0%.

[0017] The invention provides a fabric comprising the yarn.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a fiber that is both spark-proof and wear-resistant. The fiber adopts a skin-core composite structure, with a concentric skin layer and a core layer. The skin layer is made of polyamide containing a flame retardant, and the core layer is made of polyphenylene sulfide. The mass ratio of the skin layer to the core layer is 50 / 50 to 70 / 30. The present invention places polyphenylene sulfide, a flame-retardant material that is not easy to dye, in the core layer, and polyamide that can be dyed normally in the skin layer. The two have a concentric cross-section. Under a certain skin-core ratio, it not only meets the flame-retardant requirements of spark-proof, but also can be dyed and processed on fiber yarns and fabrics through conventional dyeing processes, which is convenient for application. Among them, the skin layer polyamide material is also added with a flame retardant functional component to further enhance the flame retardant effect of the entire fiber. At the same time, improving the crystallinity of the fiber is usually used as one of the ways to improve the wear resistance of the fiber. Based on the higher crystallinity of polyphenylene sulfide, the present invention uses it as the core layer material in the skin-core structure to improve the wear resistance of the entire fiber. The present invention adopts a specific skin-core composite method to composite polyphenylene sulfide and polyamide fiber components. Polyphenylene sulfide is used as the core layer and is coated with polyamide containing a flame retardant as the skin layer, thereby giving full play to the characteristics of the material and effectively avoiding the shortcomings of the material. While improving the flame retardancy, high temperature resistance and wear resistance of the fiber, it meets the normal dyeing application needs in the field of civilian textiles and clothing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber cross-section of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram of fabric dyeing in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The present invention provides a fiber that is both spark-proof and wear-resistant. The fiber is a sheath-core composite fiber having a concentric sheath layer and a core layer. The sheath layer is made of polyamide containing a flame retardant, and the core layer is made of polyphenylene sulfide. The mass ratio of the sheath layer to the core layer is 50 / 50 to 70 / 30.

[0023] The fibers and yarns provided by the present invention have the properties of flame retardancy, high temperature resistance and wear resistance, can be made into fabrics that are resistant to spark splashing, and can meet the multi-color requirements of daily clothing through convenient conventional dyeing processes.

[0024] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1 represents the sheath layer, and 2 represents the core layer. The fiber according to the present invention is a concentric sheath-core composite fiber, comprising a sheath layer 1 and a core layer 2 within it. Sheath layer 1 is made of flame-retardant polyamide, which offers flame retardancy, while core layer 2 is made of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), which offers high-temperature resistance and flame retardancy.

[0025] Composite fibers include chemical fibers with composite structures such as parallel type, core-sheath type and island-in-sea type. Sheath-core (type) composite fibers generally refer to composite fibers in which two component polymers continuously form the sheath and core layers along the longitudinal direction of the fiber respectively; their types include concentric circular and eccentric circular, core with special-shaped cross-section and both the sheath and the core with special-shaped cross-section, and the ones with the two components' centroids coinciding are called concentric sheath-core composite fibers.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention adopts a skin-core composite process technology, placing PPS in the core layer and using polyamide containing a flame retardant as the concentric circular skin layer, and controlling the skin-core mass ratio: skin 50 / core 50 to skin 70 / core 30. This not only improves the flame retardancy, high temperature resistance and wear resistance of the fiber, and thus gives the fabric anti-spark splashing and other functions, but also can meet its normal dyeing application needs in the field of civilian textiles and clothing, breaking through the application limitations of PPS in the field of textiles and clothing.

[0027] Polyamide is a general term for thermoplastic resins containing repeating amide groups (-NHCO-) ​​in the molecular chain, commonly known as nylon, abbreviated as PA in English. It has good mechanical properties, heat resistance, wear resistance, etc., and also has certain flame retardancy. Preferably, the polyamide in the cortex 1 is PA6 and / or PA66, and more preferably PA6. Polyamide can be prepared from diamines and dibasic acids, or synthesized using ω-amino acids or cyclic lactams; depending on the number of carbon atoms contained in the diamines and dibasic acids or amino acids, a variety of different polyamides can be produced. Among them, the chain structure of polyamide-6 (PA6) and polyamide-66 (PA66) is [NH(CH2)5CO] and [NH(CH2)6NHCO(CH2)4CO], respectively, and they are widely used.

[0028] Furthermore, a flame retardant component is evenly distributed in the skin layer 1, preferably accounting for 10% to 15% by weight, for example, 10%, 11%, 12%, or 15%. The flame retardant is preferably an organic nitrogen-based flame retardant, specifically melamine cyanurate (MCA), which has excellent thermal stability, low smoke, low toxicity, and good flame retardant properties, thereby improving the fire safety of the material.

[0029] Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), also known as polyphenylene sulfide, is a thermoplastic resin containing phenylthio groups in its main molecular chain. Furthermore, the PPS in core layer 2 has a melting point of 280-290°C, specifically 280-285°C, and exhibits excellent high-temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and balanced mechanical properties.

[0030] The spark-proof and wear-resistant fiber described in the embodiment of the present invention has a circular cross-section as a whole, is flame-retardant, high-temperature resistant, and has good mechanical properties.

[0031] The embodiment of the present invention provides a process for preparing the aforementioned spark-proof and wear-resistant fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0032] The polyamide raw material and the flame retardant are mixed and melt-extruded to obtain the skin layer material; the polyphenylene sulfide material is used as the core layer material;

[0033] The skin layer material and the core layer material are melt-extruded into skin layer melt and core layer melt respectively, and are spun through concentric skin-core composite components according to mass proportion, and are drawn and wound to obtain skin-core composite fibers.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the skin layer material, polyamide (preferably PA6) containing a flame retardant component, is first prepared; and the core layer material can be commercially available polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) chips, which are brown-yellow in color and have a melting point of 280°C-285°C.

[0035] The process of preparing the skin material preferably includes: mixing 85-90 parts of PA6 chips and 10-15 parts of flame retardant by weight, adding the mixture to a twin-screw extruder, and melting the mixture at a temperature of 230-250°C. The screw speed may be 100-130 r / min. The embodiment of the present invention preferably uses spinning-grade PA6 chips with a melting point of 230-240°C; the flame retardant is preferably melamine cyanurate (MCA), which is commercially available and has a density of 1.35-1.85 g / cm 3 (25°C). The molten PA6 material is then extruded through a wire drawing machine die, preferably at a temperature of 210-220°C and a pressure of 0.2-0.3 MPa. The extruded filaments are cooled in a cold water tank before being cut into pellets in a pelletizer at a speed of 140 rpm. The resulting skin material pellets are typically 3-6 mm in size.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the skin layer material and the core layer material are subjected to a melt sheath-core composite spinning technology to form a fiber having a sheath-core composite structure, that is, a fiber that is both spark-proof and wear-resistant. The preferred specific preparation process is as follows:

[0037] 1) The skin material prepared above is added to a first screw extruder, melt-extruded into a skin melt, and then the melt is conveyed to a spinning manifold, passed through a pre-filter, and evenly distributed into a concentric circular skin-core composite assembly to serve as the skin component. Preferably, the melt extrusion process temperature of the first screw extruder is controlled in five stages, with a set temperature of 240°C-260°C. The temperatures of the first to fifth stages are: 240°C-245°C, 245°C-250°C, 250°C-255°C, 255°C-260°C, and 255°C-260°C, respectively.

[0038] The core layer material is added to the second screw extruder, melt-extruded into a core layer melt, and then the melt is transported to the spinning manifold, passed through a pre-filter, and evenly distributed into the core-skin composite assembly as the core layer component. Preferably, the temperature control of the melt extrusion process of the second screw extruder is divided into five sections, with a set temperature of 280°C-300°C, and the temperatures of the first to fifth sections are: 300°C-295°C, 295°C-290°C, 290°C-285°C, 285°C-280°C, and 285°C-280°C, respectively.

[0039] The first and second screw extruders are commonly used screw extrusion equipment in the art, and the expressions "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish the melt extrusion equipment involved in the two components, and there is no special limitation.

[0040] 2) The sheath melt and the core melt are spun through the concentric sheath-core composite assembly to form primary filaments, which are then drawn and wound to obtain stable filaments with a certain orientation, which can be called pre-oriented yarns (POY).

[0041] The sheath-core ratio is controlled to be 50 / 50-70 / 30. The spinning box temperature of the sheath-core composite assembly is preferably 280°C-290°C. The conditions for crosswind cooling include a wind speed of 0.4-0.6 m / s, a wind temperature of 20-23°C, and a relative humidity of 70-80%. The oiling rate is preferably 2.0-2.6%. In addition, the spinning speed is preferably 1000-1500 m / min. Preferably, the drawing is performed in two hot roller drawing steps, with the heating temperature of the first hot roller drawing step preferably being 60-70°C and the speed being 800-1200 m / min; the temperature of the second hot roller drawing step is preferably 90-110°C. After the drawing step, the winding speed can be 1500-2000 m / min.

[0042] 3) Furthermore, the pre-oriented yarn obtained in the above steps can be subjected to the following stretching and false twisting process flow: yarn guide - feeding roller - heating box - cooling plate - false twister - output roller - oiling to obtain the final finished sheath-core composite textured winding yarn (false twist textured yarn or textured stretch yarn, DTY).

[0043] DTY is usually made from POY raw yarn through stretching and false twisting, and mainly through the process of heating and cooling to make the thermoplastic fiber maintain a certain curl shape after untwisting. Among them, the heating temperature of the hot box is preferably 150-180°C; and the cooling temperature is 80-90°C. The stretching multiple is preferably 1.20-1.30 (the ratio of the length of the fiber after stretching to the length before stretching); the oiling rate can be 1.5-2.0% (using conventional spinning oil). The oiling rate of the fiber generally refers to the percentage of the dry weight of the chemical fiber oiling agent to the dry mass of the fiber after deoiling; it has an important influence on the spinnability of the fiber. Fibers with low oil content are prone to static electricity, while fibers with too high oil content are prone to sticking. For example, the spinning oil used is light brown in color and has a kinematic viscosity of 80-85mm at room temperature. 2 / s, pH value is 7.1-7.3.

[0044] The present invention provides a yarn comprising a core-sheath composite fiber obtained by the aforementioned preparation process as a precursor, which is then stretched and false-twisted. The yarn is a DTY yarn or DTY winding yarn, and may have a specification of 75D to 100D / 48F. In some embodiments of the present invention, the yarn has a breaking strength of 3.1 to 3.9 cN / dtex.

[0045] The present invention also provides a fabric, including the yarn. The fabric can be a plain fabric woven with the yarn, or other woven fabrics; the weight of the fabric is generally 110 to 130 g / m 2 , such as 110g / m 2 , 125g / m 2 .

[0046] The fabric described in some embodiments of the present invention is a colored yarn fabric, and its preparation process can be as follows: the above-mentioned DTY winding yarn is woven through a conventional water jet loom to obtain a woven plain fabric, and then dyed and finished to obtain the finished fabric. The dye used for dyeing and finishing is generally an acid dye. During the dyeing process, this type of dye is often present in a weak acid bath in a colloidal dispersion state, and the pH value is usually controlled between 4 and 5; the dye ratio is generally 0.5-0.8% owf (to the weight of the fabric), the dye bath ratio is preferably 1:20 (g / L), the initial dyeing temperature is 40°C, the temperature is increased to 95°C at a rate of 2-3°C / min, the temperature is kept at this temperature for 20 minutes, ammonium sulfate is added and the temperature is kept at this temperature for 20 minutes, and the dyeing is completed and the liquid is discharged. In addition, this application has no special restrictions on the dye color, dyeing process, etc.

[0047] After testing, the fabric described in the embodiment of the present invention has excellent wear resistance and flame retardant properties, and the dyeing depth and color fastness meet the normal application requirements in the field of civilian textiles and clothing.

[0048] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Fabric: woven plain fabric; composition: 50% polyamide + 50% polyphenylene sulfide, weight: 110g / m 2 .

[0051] Preparation of 75D / 48F polyamide / polyphenylene sulfide sheath-core composite yarn, including:

[0052] 1. Preparation of skin material - flame retardant functional polyamide (PA6)

[0053] 90 parts by weight of PA6 chips and 10 parts by weight of flame retardant were mixed evenly and fed into a twin-screw extruder. The mixture was melted at 240°C and a screw speed of 130 r / min. The molten PA6 was extruded through a wire drawing die at a controlled extrusion temperature of 220°C and a pressure of 0.2 MPa. The filaments were cooled in a cold water tank before being cut into pellets in a pelletizer at a speed of 140 r / min. The pellets were sized 3-6 mm.

[0054] Among them, PA6 chips: spinning grade, melting point 230-240℃, relative viscosity 2.75, white, Yongrong Holding Group (Jinjiang Technology).

[0055] Flame retardant: Melamine cyanurate (MCA), commercially available, white powder, content 99.5%, decomposition temperature 300°C, density 1.35-1.85g / cm 3 (25℃), Model XS-MC-15, Zhejiang Xusen Flame Retardant Co., Ltd.

[0056] Core material-polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)

[0057] The core layer material is commercially available polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) chips, brownish yellow, with a melting point of 280°C-285°C, model pps-hGR30, Sichuan Deyang Technology Co., Ltd.

[0058] 2. Skin-core composite spinning

[0059] 1) The prepared sheath material is added to a first screw extruder and melt-extruded into a melt. The melt is then conveyed to a spinning manifold, passed through a pre-filter, and evenly distributed into concentric circular sheath-core composite assemblies to form the sheath component. The melt extrusion process temperature of the first screw extruder is controlled in five stages, with a set temperature of 240°C to 260°C. The temperatures of the first to fifth stages are: 240°C, 245°C, 250°C, 255°C, and 260°C, respectively.

[0060] The core layer material is added to a second screw extruder, melt-extruded into a melt, and then conveyed to a spinning manifold, passed through a pre-filter, and evenly distributed into the sheath-core composite assembly to serve as the core layer component. The temperature control of the melt extrusion process of the second screw extruder is divided into five stages, with a set temperature of 280°C-300°C. The temperatures of the first to fifth stages are: 300°C, 295°C, 285°C, 280°C, and 280°C, respectively.

[0061] 2) The skin layer melt and the core layer melt are spun through the concentric skin-core composite assembly to form primary filaments, which are then drawn and wound to obtain pre-oriented yarns.

[0062] The sheath-core ratio is 50 / 50, the spinning box temperature is 280°C, the crosswind conditions are: wind speed 0.6m / s, wind temperature 20°C, relative humidity 70%, oiling rate 2.3%, spinning speed 1400m / min. Drafting is a double hot roller drawing process: the first hot roller drawing temperature is 70°C and the speed is 1100m / min; the second hot roller drawing temperature is 110°C; the winding speed is 1800m / min.

[0063] 3) The pre-oriented yarn obtained in step 2) is passed through the following steps: yarn guide - feeding roller - heating box - cooling plate - false twister - output roller - oiling to obtain the final finished sheath-core composite DTY winding yarn.

[0064] The hot box temperature is 180°C, the cooling temperature is 90°C, the draft ratio is 1.20, and the oiling rate is 1.5%. The spinning oil is light brown in color and has a kinematic viscosity of 80-85 mm at room temperature. 2 / s, pH value 7.1-7.3.

[0065] The properties of the obtained DTY yarn are as follows: breaking strength 3.1 cN / dtex, breaking elongation 18.42%.

[0066] The DTY winding yarn was woven on a water jet loom to obtain a woven plain fabric, which was then dyed and finished to obtain a finished fabric (composition: 50% polyamide + 50% polyphenylene sulfide, weight: 110g / m 2 ).

[0067] The dyeing process is as follows: weak acid dye (0.8% owf), leveling agent 1g / L, ammonium sulfate 1g / L, dye bath ratio 1:20, initial dyeing temperature 40°C, heating at 2-3°C / min to 95°C, holding for 20 minutes, adding ammonium sulfate and holding for 20 minutes. After dyeing, drain the fabric and thoroughly wash with 70°C hot water, 50°C warm water, and cold water to remove loose color. Finally, fix the fabric with a tannin fixative at 80°C for 20 minutes under weak acidic conditions.

[0068] The finished fabric can be recorded as PA / PPS core-skin composite yarn fabric, which is dyed and compared with conventional PA yarn fabric; Figure 2 As shown, it is shown that the fabric of the present invention can be dyed normally, and the color depth is visually darker. In contrast, the color depth of conventional PA yarn fabric is also affected by the selected dye brand and model, and can be darker or lighter.

[0069] The color fastness of the finished fabric samples was tested, and the results were as follows, which met the standard requirements.

[0070] Table 1 Color fastness test results of fabric samples of Example 1

[0071]

[0072] Test method:

[0073] Color fastness to soap washing was tested using GB / T 3921-2008 Method A(1);

[0074] Color fastness to water adopts GB / T 5713;

[0075] Color fastness to perspiration adopts GB / T 3922;

[0076] Color fastness to rubbing adopts GB / T 3920;

[0077] Color fastness to light adopts GB / T 8427-2019 Method 3.

[0078] The finished fabric samples were tested for wear resistance and flame retardancy, and the results are as follows: Compared to conventional PA fabrics, this fabric exhibits superior wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and flame retardancy, and is spark resistant (as assessed by the "Contact Heat Conductivity and Thermal Protection Performance" items in Table 2).

[0079] Table 2 Test results of wear resistance of fabric samples in Example 1

[0080]

[0081] Test method:

[0082] Contact heat conduction adopts GB 38453-2019 Appendix C, heating column temperature: 250.1℃;

[0083] Thermal protection performance adopts GB / T 38302-2019, Method 1: Thermal Protection Performance Value Test (TPP), heat flux 82.8kW / m 2 , Gas type: propane with purity above 95%;

[0084] Thermal stability adopts Appendix A of GB 8965.1-2020, heat treatment temperature: 180.2℃, treatment time: 5min;

[0085] Afterflame time and smoldering time are tested according to ISO 15025:2016, gas type: propane;

[0086] Martindale wear resistance is tested using GB / T 21196.2, P800 sandpaper abrasive, 3kPa.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] Fabric: woven plain fabric; composition: 60% polyamide + 40% polyphenylene sulfide, weight: 125g / m 2 .

[0089] Preparation of 100D / 48F polyamide / polyphenylene sulfide sheath-core composite yarn, including:

[0090] 1. Preparation of skin material - flame retardant functional polyamide (PA6)

[0091] 85 parts of PA6 chips and 15 parts of flame retardant were mixed uniformly by weight and fed into a twin-screw extruder. The mixture was melted at 240°C and a screw speed of 130 rpm. The molten PA6 was extruded through a wire drawing die at a controlled extrusion temperature of 220°C and a pressure of 0.2 MPa. The filaments were cooled in a cold water tank before being cut into pellets in a pelletizer at a speed of 140 rpm. The pellets were sized 3-6 mm.

[0092] Among them, PA6 chips: spinning grade, melting point 230-240℃, relative viscosity 2.75, white, Yongrong Holding Group (Jinjiang Technology).

[0093] Flame retardant: Melamine cyanurate (MCA), commercially available, white powder, content 99.5%, decomposition temperature 300°C, density 1.35-1.85g / cm 3 (25℃), Model XS-MC-15, Zhejiang Xusen Flame Retardant Co., Ltd.

[0094] Core material-polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)

[0095] The core layer material is commercially available polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) chips, brownish yellow, with a melting point of 280°C-285°C, model pps-hGR30, Sichuan Deyang Technology Co., Ltd.

[0096] 2. Skin-core composite spinning

[0097] 1) The prepared sheath material is added to a first screw extruder and melt-extruded into a melt. The melt is then conveyed to a spinning manifold, passed through a pre-filter, and evenly distributed into concentric circular sheath-core composite assemblies to serve as the sheath component. The melt extrusion process temperature of the first screw extruder is controlled in five stages, with a set temperature of 240°C to 260°C. The temperatures of the first to fifth stages are 250°C, 250°C, 255°C, 255°C, and 260°C, respectively.

[0098] The core layer material is added to a second screw extruder, melt-extruded into a melt, and then conveyed to a spinning manifold, passed through a pre-filter, and evenly distributed into the sheath-core composite assembly to serve as the core layer component. The temperature control of the melt extrusion process of the second screw extruder is divided into five stages, with a set temperature of 280°C-300°C. The temperatures of the first to fifth stages are: 295°C, 295°C, 285°C, 280°C, and 280°C, respectively.

[0099] 2) The skin layer melt and the core layer melt are spun through the concentric skin-core composite assembly to form primary filaments, which are then drawn and wound to obtain pre-oriented yarns.

[0100] The sheath-core ratio is 60 / 40, the spinning box temperature is 285°C, the crosswind conditions are: wind speed 0.5m / s, wind temperature 22°C, relative humidity 75%, oiling rate 2.1%, spinning speed 1500m / min. Drafting is a double hot roller drawing process: the first hot roller drawing temperature is 70°C and the speed is 1000m / min; the second hot roller drawing temperature is 110°C; the winding speed is 2000m / min.

[0101] 3) The pre-oriented yarn obtained in step 2) is passed through the following steps: yarn guide - feeding roller - heating box - cooling plate - false twister - output roller - oiling to obtain the final finished sheath-core composite DTY winding yarn.

[0102] Among them, the hot box temperature is: 180℃; the cooling temperature is: 90℃; the draft ratio is: 1.20; and the oiling rate is: 1.5%.

[0103] The properties of the obtained DTY yarn are as follows: breaking strength 3.9 cN / dtex, breaking elongation 20.31%.

[0104] The DTY winding yarn was woven on a water jet loom to obtain a woven plain fabric, which was then dyed and finished to obtain a finished fabric (composition: 60% polyamide + 40% polyphenylene sulfide, weight: 125g / m 2 ).

[0105] The dyeing process is as follows: weak acid dye (0.8% owf), leveling agent 1g / L, ammonium sulfate 1g / L, dye bath ratio 1:20, initial dyeing temperature 40°C, heating at 2-3°C / min to 95°C, holding for 20 minutes, adding ammonium sulfate and holding for 20 minutes. After dyeing, drain the fabric and thoroughly wash with 70°C hot water, 50°C warm water, and cold water to remove loose color. Finally, fix the fabric with a tannin fixative at 80°C for 20 minutes under weak acidic conditions.

[0106] The finished fabric samples were subjected to color fastness tests, and the results are as follows.

[0107] Table 3 Color fastness test results of fabric samples of Example 2

[0108]

[0109] The test method is the same as before.

[0110] The finished fabric samples were subjected to wear resistance and flame retardancy tests (testing methods are the same as above), and the results are as follows: Compared with conventional PA fabrics, this fabric has excellent wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and flame retardancy, and can prevent sparks from flying.

[0111] Table 4 Test results of wear resistance of fabric samples in Example 2

[0112]

[0113] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the embodiments of the present invention adopt a specific skin-core composite method to composite polyphenylene sulfide and polyamide fiber components, with polyphenylene sulfide as the core layer and polyamide containing a flame retardant as the skin layer for coating. While improving the flame retardancy, high temperature resistance and wear resistance of the fiber, it can meet the normal dyeing application requirements in the field of civilian textiles and clothing.

[0114] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above is only a preferred implementation method of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, they can make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber that is both spark-proof and wear-resistant, characterized in that: The fiber is a sheath-core composite fiber having a concentric sheath layer and a core layer. The sheath layer is made of polyamide containing a flame retardant, and the core layer is made of polyphenylene sulfide. The mass ratio of the sheath layer to the core layer is 50 / 50 to 70 / 30.

2. The fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The polyamide in the skin layer is PA6 and / or PA66; the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide in the core layer is 280-290°C.

3. The fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass proportion of the flame retardant in the skin layer is 10% to 15%; the flame retardant is an organic nitrogen flame retardant.

4. The process for preparing the spark-proof and wear-resistant fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The polyamide raw material and the flame retardant are mixed and melt-extruded to obtain a skin material; Polyphenylene sulfide material is used as the core material; The skin layer material and the core layer material are melt-extruded into skin layer melt and core layer melt respectively, and are spun through concentric skin-core composite components according to mass proportion, and are drawn and wound to obtain skin-core composite fibers.

5. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the polyamide raw material to the flame retardant is 85-90:10-15; the heating temperature of the melt extrusion is 230-250°C; the particle size of the skin material is 3-6mm; and the polyphenylene sulfide material is PPS chips with a melting point of 280-290°C.

6. The preparation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature control of the process of melt extrusion of the skin layer material is divided into 5 sections, and the set temperature is 240℃-260℃, among which the temperatures of the first to fifth sections are: 240℃-245℃, 245℃-250℃, 250℃-255℃, 255℃-260℃, and 255℃-260℃ respectively; the temperature control of the process of melt extrusion of the core layer material is divided into 5 sections, and the set temperature is 280℃-300℃, among which the temperatures of the first to fifth sections are: 300℃-295℃, 295℃-290℃, 290℃-285℃, 285℃-280℃, and 285℃-280℃ respectively.

7. The preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spinning box temperature in the concentric circular core-skin composite assembly is 280°C-290°C; the spinning speed is 1000-1500m / min; the drawing includes a first hot roller drawing and a second hot roller drawing in sequence, the temperature of the first hot roller drawing is 60-70°C, and the temperature of the second hot roller drawing is 90-110°C; the winding speed is 1500-2000m / min.

8. A yarn, characterized in that The core-sheath composite fiber is obtained by the preparation process according to any one of claims 4 to 7 as the precursor, and is produced through stretching and false twisting.

9. The yarn according to claim 8, characterized in that The stretching multiple is 1.20-1.30; and the oiling rate in the false twist texturing process is 1.5-2.0%.

10. A fabric, characterized in that: Comprising the yarn according to claim 8 or 9.

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