Auxiliary device for dismantling supporting frame body of bent cap and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an auxiliary device for dismantling a supporting frame body of a bent cap and a construction method. The auxiliary device comprises a plurality of anti-friction mechanisms, a plurality of supporting mechanisms and a plurality of steel wire ropes. The supporting mechanisms are arranged in the area, between the two pier columns, of the cover beam at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the cover beam and used for supporting the cover beam and the bottom die structure at the bottom of the cover beam. The anti-friction mechanisms are arranged on the bottom die structure at intervals; the steel wire ropes correspond to the anti-friction mechanisms one to one, each steel wire rope is wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the bent cap, and the two ends of each steel wire rope are connected with the lifting device. In the invention, each supporting mechanism bears the load of the bottom die structure, and the steel wire rope is wound on the anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cover beam and then is hoisted by the hoisting device, so that the hoisting device carries out suspension support on the bottom die structure of the cover beam through the steel wire rope and assists each supporting mechanism to support the bottom die structure, and a hoop at the bottom of the bottom die structure is convenient to dismantle; and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, and in particular to an auxiliary device and a construction method for dismantling a support frame of a cap beam. Background Art

[0002] In highway and municipal engineering construction, the construction method for bridge cap beam structures is relatively common, usually using the hoop method. Specifically, hoop devices are first installed on the bridge piers, followed by jacks or sandboxes, primary and secondary load-bearing beams, cap beam bottom formwork, steel bars, and side formwork. However, during the process of removing the bottom formwork, jacks or sandboxes are required to lower the formwork, and then each tooling component is removed one by one. This reduces work efficiency and poses high safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes an auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam, aiming to solve the problem of low efficiency in dismantling the bottom formwork when constructing the cap beam structure using the hoop method in the prior art. The present invention also proposes a construction method for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam using the auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam.

[0004] In one aspect, the present invention proposes an auxiliary device for dismantling a support frame for a cap beam, the device comprising: a plurality of anti-friction mechanisms, a plurality of supporting mechanisms and a plurality of steel wire ropes; wherein, each supporting mechanism is arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam in an area where the cap beam is placed between two piers, for supporting the cap beam and a bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam; each anti-friction mechanism is arranged at intervals on the bottom formwork structure; each steel wire rope corresponds one-to-one to each anti-friction mechanism, each steel wire rope is wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam, and both ends of each steel wire rope are used to connect to a lifting device.

[0005] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned auxiliary device for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam, each anti-friction mechanism includes: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components; wherein the two anti-friction components are respectively arranged on the outer side of the flange plate below the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom mold structure; and the steel wire rope is wound around the two anti-friction components in sequence.

[0006] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam, each anti-friction component includes: two side-by-side sealing plates, a cylindrical cylinder and two side-by-side clamping plates; wherein, one side of the cylinder is provided with an opening running through the length direction of the cylinder; the two clamping plates are respectively connected to the two side walls at the opening of the cylinder in a one-to-one correspondence, and the gap between the two clamping plates clamps the corresponding flange plate of the longitudinal I-beam; the two sealing plates are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cylinder, and each sealing plate is provided with a through-hole corresponding to the gap between the two clamping plates, so that the through-holes on the two sealing plates are connected to the gap between the two clamping plates.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam, each supporting mechanism includes: a first I-beam, a second I-beam and two positioning assemblies; wherein, the first I-beam is placed at the top of the cap beam along the transverse direction of the cap beam and both ends are placed outside the cap beam; the second I-beam is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams along the transverse direction of the cap beam and both ends are placed outside the cap beam, and the position of the first I-beam corresponds to the position of the second I-beam; each positioning assembly is arranged between the first I-beam and the second I-beam, for positioning the first I-beam and the second I-beam.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam, each positioning assembly includes: a threaded rod, two bolt caps and two gaskets; wherein, the threaded rod is sequentially passed through the first I-beam and the second I-beam, the first end of the threaded rod is placed above the first I-beam and is screwed to one of the bolt caps, and the second end of the threaded rod is placed below the second I-beam and is screwed to the other bolt cap; the two gaskets are both passed through the threaded rod, one of the gaskets is clamped between the first I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap, and the other gasket is clamped between the second I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap.

[0009] In the present invention, the cap beam and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam are supported by various supporting mechanisms, so that each supporting mechanism can bear the load of the bottom formwork structure, and an anti-friction mechanism is provided on the bottom formwork structure. The steel wire rope is wound around the anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then lifted by the lifting device. In this way, the lifting device suspends and supports the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam through the steel wire rope, and assists each supporting mechanism to support the bottom formwork structure, which facilitates the removal of the clamp at the bottom of the bottom formwork structure. The operation is simple, the construction efficiency is improved, and the safety risk is reduced, which solves the problem of low efficiency of disassembly of the bottom formwork when constructing the cap beam structure by the clamp method in the prior art.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a construction method for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam by using any of the above-mentioned auxiliary devices for dismantling the support frame of the cap beam, the method comprising the following steps: a side formwork dismantling step, after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength, the side formwork is dismantled; a support mechanism setting step, a plurality of support mechanisms are set at intervals in the area where the cap beam is placed between two piers; a determination step, determining the position of the lifting point; an installation step, at each lifting point and at the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam, an anti-friction mechanism is installed, each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope, and each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device; a hoop dismantling step, lifting each steel wire rope and removing the hoop at the bottom of the cap beam; a support mechanism dismantling step, dismantling each support mechanism; a bottom formwork dismantling step, lowering each steel wire rope and dismantling the bottom formwork structure.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned construction method, in the support mechanism setting step, each support mechanism is set at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam; each support mechanism includes: a first I-beam, a second I-beam and two positioning assemblies; wherein, the first I-beam is placed at the top of the cap beam along the transverse direction of the cap beam and both ends are placed outside the cap beam; the second I-beam is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom mold structure along the transverse direction of the cap beam and both ends are placed outside the cap beam, and the position of the first I-beam corresponds to the position of the second I-beam; each positioning assembly is set between the first I-beam and the second I-beam to position the first I-beam and the second I-beam.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above construction method, each positioning assembly includes: a threaded rod, two bolt caps and two gaskets; wherein, the threaded rod is sequentially passed through the first I-beam and the second I-beam, the first end of the threaded rod is placed above the first I-beam and is screwed to one of the bolt caps, and the second end of the threaded rod is placed below the second I-beam and is screwed to the other bolt cap; the two gaskets are both passed through the threaded rod, one of the gaskets is clamped between the first I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap, and the other gasket is clamped between the second I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above construction method, in the determining step, the distance between the lifting point and the end of the longitudinal I-beam is 0.2 to 0.3L; wherein L is the longitudinal length of the longitudinal I-beam.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned construction method, in the installation step, each anti-friction mechanism includes: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components; wherein, the two anti-friction components are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the flange plates below the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom mold structure; each anti-friction component includes: two parallel sealing plates, a cylindrical cylinder and two parallel clamping plates; wherein, one side of the cylinder is provided with an opening running through the length direction of the cylinder; the two clamping plates are respectively connected to the two side walls at the opening of the cylinder in a one-to-one correspondence, and the gap between the two clamping plates clamps the flange plates of the corresponding longitudinal I-beams; the two sealing plates are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cylinder, and each sealing plate is provided with a through-hole corresponding to the gap between the two clamping plates, so that the through-holes on the two sealing plates are connected to the gap between the two clamping plates; the wire rope is sequentially wound around the cylinders in the two anti-friction components from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device.

[0015] In the present invention, after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the designed strength, the side formwork is removed, and then a plurality of supporting mechanisms are arranged at intervals in the area where the cap beam is placed between the two piers, and anti-friction mechanisms are installed at each determined lifting point and at the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam, each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope, and each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device, and then each steel wire rope is lifted, the hoop at the bottom of the cap beam is removed, and then each supporting mechanism is removed, and finally, each steel wire rope is lowered and the bottom formwork structure is removed, so that It can quickly dismantle the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam, shortening the time for dismantling the bottom formwork, effectively improving the construction efficiency of the installation and dismantling of the cap beam formwork, shortening the turnover time of materials such as formwork, and improving the standardization and safety of operation. It does not need to use jacks or sandboxes as in the existing technology, reducing hydraulic oil pollution or material loss, and reducing safety risks, such as the removal and transportation of formwork at high altitudes, thereby improving the safety of bridge cap beam construction, reducing personnel input, improving mechanized operation capabilities, reducing safety risks, and meeting the requirements of standardized production and civilized construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary device for removing a support frame of a cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the anti-friction assembly in the auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-friction assembly and the longitudinal I-beam in the auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which only the anti-friction component is provided;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the middle BB;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the first I-beam and the positioning assembly in the auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first I-beam and the positioning assembly in the auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 A flowchart of a construction method for removing a support frame from a cap beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features described in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0027] Device Example:

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 8 The figure shows the preferred structure of the auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam in this embodiment. As shown in the figure, the auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam includes: multiple anti-friction mechanisms, multiple support mechanisms 1 and multiple steel wire ropes 2. Among them, each support mechanism 1 is set in the area where the cap beam 3 is placed between the two piers 8, and each support mechanism 1 is along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3 ( Figure 1 The support mechanisms 1 are arranged at intervals on the cap beam 3 (as shown from left to right), and each support mechanism 1 is used to support the cap beam 3 and the bottom mold structure at the bottom of the cap beam 3.

[0029] It should be noted that the cap beam 3 is constructed using the hoop method, and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam 3 includes: a bottom formwork 5, a transverse distribution beam 6, and two longitudinal I-beams 7 arranged in parallel. Among them, the bottom of the cap beam 3 is the bottom formwork 5, the bottom of the bottom formwork 5 is the transverse distribution beam 6, and the two longitudinal I-beams 7 are arranged at the bottom of the transverse distribution beam 6, and the two longitudinal I-beams 7 are respectively placed on both sides of the pier 8. The length direction of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 is the same as the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3, but the length of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 is longer than the length of the cap beam 3, generally 0.5 to 1.2 meters longer, to serve as an operating platform or aisle. The hoop 9 is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7, and the hoop 9 supports the two longitudinal I-beams 7 and the structure above them. Regarding the cap beam 3 and the bottom formwork structure, reference can be made to the existing technology and will not be detailed here.

[0030] See also Figure 1 、 Figures 6 to 8 Each support mechanism 1 includes: a first I-beam 11, a second I-beam 12 and two positioning components. The first I-beam 11 is along the transverse direction of the cap beam 3 ( Figure 6 The first I-beam 11 is placed on top of the cap beam 3 (from left to right in the figure). Specifically, the transverse direction of the cap beam 3 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. The first I-beam 11 extends along the transverse direction of the cap beam 3, and the longitudinal direction of the first I-beam 11 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. In addition, the first I-beam 11 is placed on top of the cap beam 3. Both ends of the first I-beam 11 are placed outside the cap beam 3, that is, the longitudinal length of the first I-beam 11 is greater than the transverse width of the cap beam 3.

[0031] The second I-beam 12 is positioned at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 along the transverse direction of the cap beam 3. Specifically, the second I-beam 12 extends transversely along the cap beam 3 and is positioned at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. Both ends of the second I-beam 12 are positioned outside the cap beam 3. In other words, the longitudinal length of the second I-beam 12 is greater than the transverse width of the cap beam 3, and both ends of the second I-beam 12 extend outside the longitudinal I-beam 7 on the corresponding side. The second I-beam 12 is parallel to the first I-beam 11, and the position of the first I-beam 11 corresponds to that of the second I-beam 12.

[0032] Each positioning assembly is arranged between the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12, and each positioning assembly is used to position the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. Specifically, the two positioning assemblies correspond to the two longitudinal ends of the first I-beam 11, and the two positioning assemblies are respectively located on the outside of the cap beam 3 in the transverse direction, and are also respectively placed on the outside of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. In other words, the two positioning assemblies are respectively located on the outside of the two side walls of the cap beam 3 in the transverse direction. The two positioning assemblies only position the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. Since the first I-beam 11 is placed on the top of the cap beam 3 and the second I-beam 12 is placed on the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7, the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 sandwich the cap beam 3 and the bottom mold structure in the middle, and the two positioning assemblies fix the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 in position.

[0033] See also Figure 1 、 Figures 6 to 8 Each positioning assembly includes a threaded rod 13, two bolt caps 14, and two washers 15. The threaded rod 13 is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. The first end of the threaded rod 13 is placed above the first I-beam 11 and screwed to one of the bolt caps 14. The second end of the threaded rod 13 is placed below the second I-beam 12 and screwed to the other bolt cap 14.

[0034] Two washers 15 are both inserted into the threaded rod 13 , wherein one of the washers 15 is sandwiched between the first I-beam 11 and the corresponding bolt cap 14 , and the other washers 15 is sandwiched between the second I-beam 12 and the corresponding bolt cap 14 .

[0035] During installation, after the first end of the threaded rod 13 extends above the first I-beam 11, a washer 15 is placed over the first end of the threaded rod 13, and then a bolt cap 14 is screwed to the first end of the threaded rod 13. After the second end of the threaded rod 13 extends below the second I-beam 12, another washer 15 is placed over the second end of the threaded rod 13, and then another bolt cap 14 is screwed to the second end of the threaded rod 13.

[0036] In practice, the first I-beam 11 is welded from two channel steels, using 12# to 20# channel steel sizes, with strength sufficient to withstand the load. The gap between the two channel steel webs is greater than 16-20mm. The webs between the two channel steels are fully welded, with the middle section welded using electric welding, supplemented by smaller steel plates to increase overall load-bearing capacity. Holes are provided at the weld seams of the two channel steels to facilitate the insertion of the threaded rods 13.

[0037] The second I-beam 12 is also welded from two channels. The channel steel is sized between 12# and 20#, and its strength should meet the load-bearing requirements. The web between the two channels is fully welded, and the middle section is welded using electric welding, supplemented by welding of smaller steel plates to increase the overall load-bearing capacity. The weld seams of the two channels are provided with holes to facilitate the insertion of the threaded rods 13.

[0038] In a specific implementation, the threaded rod 13 can be a Φ16 precision-rolled bolt, and both ends of the precision-rolled bolt are threaded. The thread length is generally preferably 100-150 mm, so as to be threaded with the corresponding bolt cap 14.

[0039] The anti-friction mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the bottom mold structure. Specifically, the anti-friction mechanisms are arranged on two longitudinal I-beams 7 of the bottom mold structure.

[0040] Each steel wire rope 2 corresponds to each anti-friction mechanism. Each steel wire rope 2 is wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam 3, and both ends of each steel wire rope 2 are used to connect to the lifting device. The lifting device lifts the two ends of the steel wire rope 2, thereby suspending the bottom mold structure above the hoop 9.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 5Each anti-friction mechanism includes two anti-friction components 4. The two anti-friction components 4 are symmetrically arranged, and are respectively arranged on the outside of the flange plates 71 below the two longitudinal I-beams 7 in the bottom mold structure. Specifically, the two longitudinal I-beams 7 correspond one-to-one to the two anti-friction components 4, and each anti-friction component 4 is arranged on the outside of the flange plates 71 below the corresponding longitudinal I-beam 7. The steel wire rope 2 is sequentially wound around the two anti-friction components 4. Therefore, the anti-friction components 4 are arranged on the outside of the flange plates 71 below the longitudinal I-beam 7, which can reduce friction on the steel wire rope 2.

[0042] Each anti-friction assembly 4 comprises two sealing plates 41, a cylindrical barrel 42 and two clamping plates 43. One side of the barrel 42 is provided with an opening 421 that runs through the barrel 42 in its length direction.

[0043] The two clamping plates 43 are arranged in parallel and are connected to the two side walls of the cylinder opening 421 in a one-to-one correspondence. Specifically, the cylinder 42 forms two opposing side walls at the opening 421, and the two clamping plates 43 correspond to the two side walls in a one-to-one correspondence. Each clamping plate 43 is arranged at a corresponding side wall, with a certain gap between the two clamping plates 43. The gap between the two clamping plates 43 clamps the corresponding flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7. A portion of each clamping plate 43 is placed inside the cylinder 42, and the other portion is placed outside the cylinder 42.

[0044] In specific implementation, the distance between the two clamping plates 43 should be slightly larger than the thickness of the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7 by 5 to 10 mm, so that the anti-friction component 4 can be clamped onto the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7.

[0045] Two sealing plates 41 are arranged side by side, one at each end of the cylinder 42, to seal the ends of the cylinder 42. Each sealing plate 41 has a through-hole 411 corresponding to the gap between the two clamping plates 43. This allows the through-hole 411 on the two sealing plates 41 to communicate with the gap between the two clamping plates 43, thereby jointly clamping the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7. Specifically, the size of the through-hole 411 on each sealing plate 41 is the same as the spacing between the two clamping plates 43.

[0046] Preferably, each clamping plate 43 is welded to the cylinder 42, and each sealing plate 41 is welded to the cylinder 42, and the welding is firm and the weld is full.

[0047] In practice, the cylinder 42 can be constructed of cast iron steel pipe, with strength sufficient for the required lifting load. Its diameter is typically 100-150 mm, with a longitudinal notch. Each clamping plate 43 can be constructed of steel plate, typically 10-20 mm thick. Each sealing plate 41 and clamping plate 43 are constructed of the same material and thickness. The entire anti-friction assembly 4 is preferably 300-500 mm long.

[0048] The steel wire rope 2 is wound around the cylinders 42 in the two anti-friction components 4 in sequence from the bottom of the cap beam 3, and then the two ends of the steel wire rope 2 are connected to the lifting device.

[0049] Preferably, each anti-friction mechanism comprises four anti-friction components 4 . The four anti-friction components 4 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the upper and lower flange plates of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 .

[0050] See also Figures 1 to 8 The process of removing the support frame of the cap beam is as follows: after the concrete of the cap beam 3 reaches the demolding strength requirement, the side formwork is first removed, and then the first I-beam 11 is placed on the top of the cap beam 3, and its position is as close to the side of the pier 8 as possible to reduce the length of the cantilever section. Then, the second I-beam 12 is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 at the bottom of the cap beam 3. The first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 are connected by threaded rods 13 and bolt caps 14 to improve the overall strength. At least two support mechanisms 1 are installed on the longitudinal section of the cap beam 3 or between the two piers 8, and are arranged symmetrically to improve the overall stability. After the support mechanism 1 is installed and stably, the anti-friction component 4 is installed on the flange plates 71 of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. The wire rope 2 passes through the bottom of the cap beam 3 and is wrapped around the cylinder 42 of the anti-friction component 4 to reduce friction on the wire rope 2. Then, use a crane to lift the wire rope 2. When the wire rope 2 has fully borne the load, remove the clamp 9 under the cap beam bottom formwork 5. The support mechanism 1 and the wire rope 2 bear the entire load of the cap beam bottom formwork. Simultaneously loosen the threaded rods 13 and remove the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. Then, slowly lower the bottom formwork structure to the ground. Then, remove the bottom formwork structure, stack it neatly, and hoist it to the next construction area.

[0051] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the cap beam 3 and the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam 3 are supported by each supporting mechanism 1, so each supporting mechanism 1 can bear the load of the bottom formwork structure, and an anti-friction mechanism is provided on the bottom formwork structure. The wire rope 2 is wound around the anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam 3 and then lifted by the lifting device. In this way, the lifting device suspends and supports the bottom formwork structure of the cap beam 3 through the wire rope 2, and assists each supporting mechanism 1 to support the bottom formwork structure, which facilitates the removal of the clamp 9 at the bottom of the bottom formwork structure. The operation is simple, the construction efficiency is improved, and the safety risk is reduced, which solves the problem of low efficiency of disassembly of the bottom formwork when constructing the cap beam structure by the clamp method in the prior art.

[0052] Method Example:

[0053] This embodiment also proposes a construction method for removing the support frame of the cap beam using any of the above-mentioned auxiliary devices for removing the support frame of the cap beam, see Figure 9 , the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0054] The side formwork removal step S1 is to remove the side formwork after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength.

[0055] Specifically, the construction of the cap beam is as follows:

[0056] Step 1: The concrete structure of the bridge piers has been completed and accepted, and the conditions for the construction of the bridge cap beam are in place.

[0057] Step 1: Install the clamp: Using the clamp method as the support frame for the cap beam bottom formwork, hoist the clamp equipment with a crane, then slowly hoist it and install it on the bridge pier. Adjust the position according to the established elevation, and then tighten the clamp 9. The clamp 9 is composed of a semicircular steel structure and connected with bolts. Anti-slip rubber pads are installed on the contact surface between the clamp 9 and the pier to increase friction and improve the clamp's bearing capacity.

[0058] Steps: Install the longitudinal I-beams and transverse distribution beams of the cap beam: Use a crane to lift and install the longitudinal I-beams 7 and transverse distribution beams 6 of the main support frame for the cap beam bottom formwork in turn. The spacing between the longitudinal I-beams 7 and transverse distribution beams 6 should meet the requirements of the construction drawings.

[0059] The steps include installation of cap beam bottom formwork, steel bar binding (cap beam steel bars can be bound nearby on site, and then hoisted and installed as a whole to reduce the risk of high-altitude operations), side formwork installation and concrete pouring.

[0060] Step 1: Side formwork removal: The side formwork is removed only after the concrete strength of the cap beam structure reaches the design strength or specification requirements. Generally, the side formwork is removed 24 hours after the concrete is poured. During removal, the surface of the cap beam structure and the concrete structure at the corners must not be damaged. Use a crane to lift the side formwork and then lower it to the ground.

[0061] In the support mechanism setting step S2, a plurality of support mechanisms are set at intervals in the area where the cap beam is placed between two piers.

[0062] Specifically, see Figure 1 、 Figures 6 to 8 , each supporting mechanism 1 is arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3.

[0063] Each support mechanism 1 includes a first I-beam 11, a second I-beam 12, and two positioning assemblies. The first I-beam 11 is placed on top of the cap beam 3 in the transverse direction of the cap beam 3, and both ends of the first I-beam 11 are placed outside the cap beam 3.

[0064] Second I-beam 12 is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7 in the bottom mold structure along the transverse direction of cap beam 3. Both ends of second I-beam 12 are placed outside cap beam 3. At the same time, both ends of second I-beam 12 also extend outside the longitudinal I-beam 7 on the corresponding side. Second I-beam 12 is parallel to first I-beam 11, and the position of first I-beam 11 corresponds to that of second I-beam 12.

[0065] Each positioning assembly is disposed between the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12, and is used to position the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. Specifically, the two positioning assemblies correspond to the two longitudinal ends of the first I-beam 11, and are located on the outside of the two transverse side walls of the cap beam 3.

[0066] See also Figure 1 、 Figures 6 to 8 Each positioning assembly includes a threaded rod 13, two bolt caps 14, and two washers 15. The threaded rod 13 is sequentially inserted through the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12. The first end of the threaded rod 13 is placed above the first I-beam 11 and screwed to one of the bolt caps 14. The second end of the threaded rod 13 is placed below the second I-beam 12 and screwed to the other bolt cap 14.

[0067] Two washers 15 are both inserted into the threaded rod 13 , wherein one of the washers 15 is sandwiched between the first I-beam 11 and the corresponding bolt cap 14 , and the other washers 15 is sandwiched between the second I-beam 12 and the corresponding bolt cap 14 .

[0068] In a specific implementation, the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 are both provided with penetration holes at positions corresponding to the penetration of the threaded rods 13 , so as to facilitate the penetration of the threaded rods 13 .

[0069] During installation, a crane is used to lift the first I-beam 11 and place it on top of the cap beam 3, and it is located in a flat position at the top of the cap beam 3. Then, a crane is used to lift the second I-beam 12 and place it on the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams 7. The second I-beam 12 is symmetrically arranged with the first I-beam 11, and the position of the second I-beam 12 is adjusted so that the through-holes on the first I-beam 11 are aligned with the through-holes on the second I-beam 12. Then, the threaded rod 13 is placed on the first I-beam 11 and the second I-beam 12 in turn, and the exposed length of the two ends of the threaded rod 13 is 300 to 500 mm. The threaded rod 13 is 300 to 500 mm away from the side wall of the cap beam 3. First, a gasket 15 is installed on the first end of the threaded rod 13, and then the bolt cap 14 is tightened to the first end of the threaded rod 13. Then, another gasket 15 is installed on the second end of the threaded rod 13, and then another bolt cap 14 is tightened to the second end of the threaded rod 13. The threaded rods 13 in the two positioning assemblies are arranged symmetrically. After the two threaded rods 13 are installed, the two bolt caps 14 on each threaded rod 13 are tightened for the second time.

[0070] There are 2 to 3 support mechanisms 1 arranged along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam 3. The specific number can be determined comprehensively based on the material, strength, cap beam bottom formwork and construction additional load of the I-beam. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the number of support mechanisms.

[0071] In step S3, the lifting point position is determined.

[0072] Specifically, the distance between the lifting point and the end of the longitudinal I-beam 7 is 0.2-0.3L, where L is the longitudinal length of the longitudinal I-beam 7. However, in actual determination, the distance from the bridge end column needs to be considered, and whether it is close to the inside or outside of the pier 8. The number of lifting points can be determined by combining the load of the cap beam bottom formwork, the load of the longitudinal I-beam, and the additional construction load. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0073] Installation step S4: anti-friction mechanisms are installed at each lifting point and at the bottom mold structure at the bottom of the cap beam. Each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope, and each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device.

[0074] Specifically, see Figures 1 to 5 Each anti-friction mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components 4. These components are located outside the flange plates 71 below the two longitudinal I-beams 7 in the bottom mold structure. Specifically, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the two longitudinal I-beams 7 and the two anti-friction components 4, with each anti-friction component 4 located outside the flange plates 71 below the corresponding longitudinal I-beam 7.

[0075] Each anti-friction assembly 4 comprises two sealing plates 41, a cylindrical body 42, and two clamping plates 43. An opening 421 extending along the length of the body 42 is defined on one side. The two clamping plates 43 are arranged side by side, correspondingly connected to the two sidewalls of the body opening 421. A gap exists between the two clamping plates 43, which clamps the corresponding flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7.

[0076] The two sealing plates 41 are arranged side by side, one at each end of the cylinder 42, thereby sealing the ends of the cylinder 42. Each sealing plate 41 has a through-hole 411 formed in a position corresponding to the gap between the two clamping plates 43. The through-hole 411 on the two sealing plates 41 communicates with the gap between the two clamping plates 43 to clamp the flange plate 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7. Specifically, the size of the through-hole 411 on each sealing plate 41 is the same as the spacing between the two clamping plates 43.

[0077] The steel wire rope 2 is sequentially wound around the cylinders 42 in the two anti-friction components 4 from the bottom of the cap beam 3, and then the two ends of the steel wire rope 2 are connected to the lifting device.

[0078] During installation, a crane is used to lift the anti-friction assembly 4 to the lifting point. The two clamping plates 43 are then clamped onto the flange plates 71 of the longitudinal I-beam 7. The sealing plates 41 on both sides temporarily secure the anti-friction assembly 4 to prevent movement or rotation. The two anti-friction assemblies 4 are respectively mounted on the two longitudinal I-beams 7 and are arranged symmetrically.

[0079] Wire rope 2 should be passed around the bottom of cap beam 3, then around the two anti-friction components 4. The ends of wire rope 2 should then be clamped by the crane hook. The crane should then be raised to apply force to the entire wire rope 2. The angle of wire rope 2 along the longitudinal direction of cap beam 3 should preferably be between 45° and 90°.

[0080] In step S5 of removing the clamp, each wire rope is lifted and the clamp at the bottom of the cap beam is removed.

[0081] Specifically, the lifting device lifts each steel wire rope 2, and each steel wire rope 2 suspends and supports the bottom mold structure of the cap beam 3, assisting each supporting mechanism 1 to bear the load of the bottom mold structure, and then removes the hoop 9.

[0082] In the case of double piers, the clamps on both sides should be removed symmetrically at the same time so that the lifting wire ropes are stressed symmetrically. In the case of independent piers, the clamps on only one pier should be removed.

[0083] Support mechanism removal step S6: removing each support mechanism.

[0084] Specifically, first loosen the bolt cap 14 at the second I-beam 12 and remove the gasket 15 at that location. Then remove the second I-beam 12. Then remove the bolt cap 14 at the first I-beam 11 and remove the gasket 15 at that location. Finally, remove the first I-beam 11 and the threaded rod 13. Each support mechanism 1 is removed in sequence using this method. After each support mechanism 1 is removed, all the lifting wire ropes 2 bear the force.

[0085] In the bottom mold removal step S7, the steel wire ropes are lowered to remove the bottom mold structure.

[0086] Specifically, under the guidance of a dedicated person on site, the steel wire ropes 2 are slowly lowered, and the bottom formwork structure then drops to the ground. Then, the materials are sorted and moved to the next construction section or area. The individual components or templates of the cap beam bottom formwork are sorted in order and then lifted by a crane and moved to the next construction area.

[0087] In this embodiment, each anti-friction component and each part of the support mechanism can be processed in the processing plant first, and then transported to the site for assembly and installation. It can be mass-produced and implemented synchronously according to the on-site construction progress requirements, and has the technical advantages of standardization and standardization.

[0088] The structures and specific implementation processes of the above-mentioned supporting mechanism and anti-friction mechanism can be found in the description of the above-mentioned device embodiment, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0089] It can be seen that in this embodiment, after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength, the side formwork is removed, and then a plurality of supporting mechanisms are set at intervals in the area where the cap beam is placed between the two piers, and anti-friction mechanisms are installed at each determined lifting point and at the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam. Each anti-friction mechanism corresponds to a steel wire rope, and each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device. Then, each steel wire rope is lifted, the hoop at the bottom of the cap beam is removed, and then each supporting mechanism is removed. Finally, each steel wire rope is lowered and the bottom formwork structure is removed. In this way, the bottom formwork structure at the bottom of the cap beam can be quickly removed, shortening the bottom formwork removal time, effectively improving the construction efficiency of the cap beam formwork installation and removal, shortening the turnover time of materials such as formwork, and improving the standardization and safety of operation. There is no need to use jacks or sandboxes as in the existing technology, reducing hydraulic oil pollution or material loss, and reducing safety risks, such as the removal and transportation of formwork at high altitudes, improving the safety of bridge cap beam construction, reducing personnel input, improving mechanized operation capabilities, reducing safety risks, and meeting the requirements of standardized production and civilized construction.

[0090] It should be noted that the principles of the auxiliary device and the inspection system for removing the support frame of the cap beam in the present invention are the same, and the relevant parts can be referenced to each other.

[0091] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0092] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0093] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for removing a support frame of a cap beam, characterized in that: include: A plurality of anti-friction mechanisms, a plurality of support mechanisms (1) and a plurality of steel wire ropes (2); wherein, Each of the support mechanisms (1) is arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam (3) in an area where the cap beam (3) is placed between two piers (8), and is used to support the cap beam (3) and the bottom mold structure at the bottom of the cap beam (3); The anti-friction mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the bottom mold structure; Each of the steel wire ropes (2) corresponds to each of the anti-friction mechanisms one by one, and each of the steel wire ropes (2) is wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam (3), and both ends of each of the steel wire ropes (2) are used to connect with the lifting device.

2. The auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the anti-friction mechanisms comprises: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components (4); wherein, The two anti-friction components (4) are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two longitudinal I-beams (7) in the bottom mold structure and are placed on the lower flange plates (71); The steel wire rope (2) is sequentially wound around the two anti-friction components (4).

3. The auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the anti-friction components (4) comprises: two sealing plates (41) arranged in parallel, a cylindrical barrel (42) and two clamping plates (43) arranged in parallel; wherein, An opening (421) is provided on one side of the cylinder (42) and runs through the length direction of the cylinder (42); The two clamping plates (43) are respectively connected to the two side walls at the opening of the cylinder (42) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the gap between the two clamping plates (43) clamps the flange plate (71) of the corresponding longitudinal I-beam (7); The two sealing plates (41) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cylinder (42), and each sealing plate (41) is provided with a through-hole (411) at a position corresponding to the gap between the two clamping plates (43), so that the through-holes (411) on the two sealing plates (41) are connected to the gap between the two clamping plates (43).

4. The auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the support mechanisms (1) comprises: a first I-beam (11), a second I-beam (12) and two positioning assemblies; wherein, The first I-beam (11) is placed on the top of the cap beam (3) in the transverse direction of the cap beam (3), and both ends are placed outside the cap beam (3); The second I-beam (12) is placed at the bottom of two longitudinal I-beams (7) in the transverse direction of the cap beam (3), and both ends are placed outside the cap beam (3), and the position of the first I-beam (11) corresponds to the position of the second I-beam (12); Each positioning assembly is arranged between the first I-beam (11) and the second I-beam (12) and is used to position the first I-beam (11) and the second I-beam (12).

5. The auxiliary device for removing the support frame of the cap beam according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each positioning assembly comprises: a threaded rod (13), two bolt caps (14) and two washers (15); wherein, The threaded rod (13) is sequentially passed through the first I-beam (11) and the second I-beam (12); a first end of the threaded rod (13) is placed above the first I-beam (11) and is screwed to one of the bolt caps (14); and a second end of the threaded rod (13) is placed below the second I-beam (12) and is screwed to the other bolt cap (14); The two washers (15) are both inserted into the threaded rod (13), one of the washers (15) is sandwiched between the first I-beam (11) and the corresponding bolt cap (14), and the other washers (15) is sandwiched between the second I-beam (12) and the corresponding bolt cap (14).

6. A construction method for removing a cap beam support frame using the auxiliary device for removing a cap beam support frame according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: The side formwork removal step is to remove the side formwork after the concrete strength of the cap beam reaches the design strength; a supporting mechanism setting step of setting a plurality of supporting mechanisms at intervals in the area where the cap beam is located between the two piers; Determine the steps and the location of the lifting point; An installation step includes installing an anti-friction mechanism at each lifting point and at the bottom mold structure at the bottom of the cap beam, each anti-friction mechanism corresponding to a steel wire rope, and each steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the corresponding anti-friction mechanism from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device; A hoop removal step is to lift each of the steel wire ropes and remove the hoop at the bottom of the cap beam; a support mechanism dismantling step, dismantling each of the support mechanisms; The bottom mold removal step comprises lowering each of the steel wire ropes to remove the bottom mold structure.

7. The construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the support mechanism setting step, the support mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cap beam; Each of the support mechanisms includes: a first I-beam, a second I-beam, and two positioning assemblies; wherein the first I-beam is placed on the top of the cap beam in the transverse direction of the cap beam, and both ends of the first I-beam are placed outside the cap beam; The second I-beam is placed at the bottom of the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom mold structure along the transverse direction of the cap beam, and both ends are placed outside the cap beam, and the position of the first I-beam corresponds to the position of the second I-beam; Each positioning assembly is disposed between the first I-beam and the second I-beam to position the first I-beam and the second I-beam.

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each positioning assembly includes: a threaded rod, two bolt caps and two washers; wherein, The threaded rod is sequentially passed through the first I-beam and the second I-beam, the first end of the threaded rod is placed above the first I-beam and screwed to one of the bolt caps, and the second end of the threaded rod is placed below the second I-beam and screwed to the other bolt cap; The two washers are both passed through the threaded rod, one of the washers is clamped between the first I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap, and the other washers is clamped between the second I-beam and the corresponding bolt cap.

9. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the determining step, The distance between the lifting point and the end of the longitudinal I-beam is 0.2-0.3L, wherein L is the longitudinal length of the longitudinal I-beam.

10. The construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the installation steps, Each of the anti-friction mechanisms comprises: two symmetrically arranged anti-friction components; wherein the two anti-friction components are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the flange plates below the two longitudinal I-beams in the bottom mold structure; Each of the anti-friction components comprises: two sealing plates arranged in parallel, a cylindrical barrel and two clamping plates arranged in parallel; wherein, an opening is opened on one side of the barrel and runs through the length direction of the barrel; The two clamping plates are respectively connected to the two side walls of the cylinder opening in a one-to-one correspondence, and the gap between the two clamping plates clamps the flange plates of the corresponding longitudinal I-beams; The two sealing plates are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cylinder, and each sealing plate is provided with a through-hole at a position corresponding to the gap between the two clamping plates, so that the through-holes on the two sealing plates are connected to the gap between the two clamping plates; The steel wire rope is sequentially wound around the cylinders in the two anti-friction components from the bottom of the cap beam and then connected to the lifting device.

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