Reservoir evaporation suppression equipment for pumped storage power station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pumped storage, and discloses a reservoir evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station, which detects the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td in real time, forms a temperature difference delta T, and combines a preset temperature difference threshold value delta T0 as a starting judgment basis, so that the water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td are detected in real time, the temperature difference delta T is formed, and the water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td are started. It is ensured that the device only has significant temperature difference ([delta] Tgt; [Delta] T0) is started when evaporation is intensified. During starting, water flow introduced into the water inlet pipe can form upward flow, vertically uprush to the surface water body area and penetrate through the thermocline in the process, and during the process, low-temperature water in the deep water body area can be guided into the surface water body area due to the pressure difference effect, so that cross-layer heat exchange is achieved, and the water temperature of the surface water body area is reduced; water molecule kinetic energy is reduced from the physical level, surface water evaporation is remarkably reduced, surface water loss is reduced, the total amount of follow-up water supplementing is reduced, and then the water supplementing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pumped storage, and in particular to evaporation suppression equipment for a reservoir of a pumped storage power station. Background Art

[0002] As an important grid peak-shaving and energy storage facility, pumped-storage power stations achieve energy conversion through the water level difference between the upper and lower reservoirs, and play a key role in grid peak-shaving and new energy consumption.

[0003] The core components of a pumped-storage power station are the upper and lower reservoirs, which are tens to several dozen meters deep. In actual operation, especially in natural environments, deep reservoirs can experience temperature stratification during certain seasons (such as summer). This is manifested as intense sunlight causing the surface water to absorb significant amounts of heat, making it difficult for air currents to fully carry that heat away. This results in higher surface water temperatures and lower density. Meanwhile, the deeper water, difficult for sunlight to reach, is relatively cooler and denser. Between these two layers of water, a layer with a drastically changing temperature gradient, known as a thermocline, typically forms.

[0004] However, the existence of the thermocline constitutes a physical barrier, which seriously hinders the natural circulation and mixing of surface water and deep water. The long-term high temperature of the surface water of the reservoir will increase the kinetic energy of water molecules, directly leading to a significant increase in the evaporation of surface water, resulting in the loss of water resources and reducing the operating efficiency of the reservoir. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device to solve the problem of low reservoir operation efficiency after water resource loss due to large evaporation of surface water.

[0006] The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir provided by the present invention includes a water temperature detection unit, a water hammer jet device, a control terminal and a driving pump group. The water temperature detection unit includes at least two temperature detection components, which are respectively arranged in the surface water area and the deep water area, and are used to detect the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td in real time; the water hammer jet device is fixedly installed in the deep water area, and the water hammer jet device is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet direction of the water outlet extends vertically upward along the depth direction of the reservoir; the control terminal is in communication connection with the water temperature detection unit, and is configured to receive the surface water temperature Ts and The water temperature Td of the deep water body forms a real-time temperature difference ΔT, and the control terminal is provided with a temperature difference threshold ΔT0; the driving pump group is connected to the water inlet pipe and is controlled by the control terminal; wherein, when the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the driving pump group is configured to provide a driving force for water to flow from the water inlet to the water outlet and to flow to the surface water body through the water outlet, so that the lower temperature water body inside the deep water body area and the higher temperature water body inside the surface water body area and the surface water body area exchange heat.

[0007] Beneficial effect: By real-time detection of the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td and forming a temperature difference ΔT, combined with the preset temperature difference threshold ΔT0, as the basis for startup judgment, it is ensured that the equipment is started only when the temperature difference is significant (ΔT>ΔT0) causing intensified evaporation. At startup, since the water inlet of the water hammer jet device is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet of the water hammer jet device extends vertically upward along the depth direction of the reservoir, the water flow introduced into the water inlet pipe can form an upwelling, vertically upwelling to the surface water area, and penetrate the thermocline in the process. During this period, due to the pressure difference, the low-temperature water in the deep water area can be guided into the surface water area, realizing cross-layer heat exchange, reducing the water temperature in the surface water area, reducing the kinetic energy of water molecules from a physical level, significantly reducing the evaporation of the surface water body, reducing the loss of the surface water body, thereby reducing the subsequent total amount of water replenishment, and thus reducing the water replenishment cost. At the same time, deep low-temperature water is used as a cold source, and surface high-temperature water is used as a heat source. The pump group is driven by intelligent triggering through the temperature difference threshold, and only works when the temperature difference exceeds the standard, which greatly reduces energy consumption and avoids ecological disturbances caused by excessive mixing.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the water hammer jet device includes a base and a first piston. The base includes a water inlet channel and a first piston chamber arranged along the depth direction of the reservoir. The water inlet channel serves as a small-diameter chamber connected to the water inlet. The first piston chamber serves as a large-diameter chamber located on a side of the water inlet channel near the surface water body. The first piston chamber is connected to the water outlet. A mounting step is formed near the inner wall of the water inlet channel. The first piston is movably mounted in the first piston chamber along the depth direction of the reservoir. When the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than a temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the driving force provided by the driving pump assembly drives water into the water inlet channel and pushes the first piston upward to break away from the mounting step, overcoming the elastic force of a first reset structure, thereby connecting the water inlet channel to the first piston chamber. When the temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the elastic force of the first reset structure drives the first piston back to the mounting step, thereby separating the water inlet channel from the first piston chamber.

[0009] Beneficial effect: By setting a small-diameter water inlet channel inside the base, according to the Bernoulli equation, the water flow speed inside the small-diameter water inlet channel is faster, which can quickly respond to the driving force of the driving pump group. By setting a large-diameter first piston chamber inside the base, the first piston chamber can form an installation step close to the inner wall of the water inlet channel for the installation of the first piston. Specifically, when ΔT>ΔT0, the pump group is driven to provide water flow power, and after entering the water inlet channel, it accelerates until it pushes the first piston to overcome the elastic force of the first reset structure and move it upward. During this period, the first reset structure stores energy, and then the first piston chamber is connected to the water outlet, so that the water can flow smoothly to the water outlet and form a jet to move toward the surface water area. The low-temperature water in the deep water area can be guided to the surface water area, realizing cross-layer heat exchange and reducing the water temperature in the surface water area. When ΔT<ΔT0, the force of the water flow is not enough to overcome the elastic force of the first reset structure. The first reset structure releases energy, which can drive the first piston back to the installation step, separating the first piston chamber from the water inlet channel and cutting off the water flow. A structure that is connected on demand and generates a jet is formed, which reduces the energy consumption of the entire device. At the same time, it ensures that the device is completely isolated when not in operation to prevent invalid water flow disturbances.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the water hammer jet device further includes a jet base and a second piston. The jet base is installed above the base, and the jet base is provided with a second piston chamber and an air chamber. The second piston chamber is communicated with the first piston chamber, and the second piston chamber is communicated with the water outlet. The air chamber is arranged on the side of the second piston chamber away from the first piston chamber along the depth direction of the reservoir, and the air chamber is communicated with the second piston chamber. The second piston is installed in the second piston chamber. When the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the second piston chamber overcomes the elastic force of the second reset structure and approaches the air chamber. When the temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the elastic force of the second reset structure drives the second piston away from the air chamber.

[0011] Beneficial effect: Since the second piston chamber is connected to the first piston chamber, when ΔT>ΔT0, the pump group is driven to provide water flow power, and the first piston is acted upon by the water flow until it detaches from the installation step, so that the water flow in the water inlet channel can flow into the second piston chamber through the first piston chamber, and push the second piston to move toward the air chamber, compressing the gas in the air chamber. During this period, the gas can absorb the impact kinetic energy due to its compressibility, thereby achieving flexible buffering. At the same time, in the process of the second piston moving toward the air chamber, the second reset structure realizes energy storage, and when ΔT<ΔT0, the second reset structure releases energy, driving the second piston back to its position. During this period, the release of compressed air can assist in resetting the second piston. The on-demand compression and release mechanism is combined with the temperature difference trigger logic to ensure that the buffer function is only enabled when the water mixing demand is high, thereby reducing ineffective energy consumption.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the jet base is further provided with a water outlet channel, which is connected to the second piston chamber through a diameter-reducing section; wherein, in the direction in which the second piston chamber extends toward the water outlet channel, the diameter-reducing section is a tapered section.

[0013] Beneficial Effects: The tapered diameter section provides a smooth transition for the water flow from the larger second piston chamber cross-section to the smaller outlet flow channel cross-section. The gradually shrinking flow channel design can avoid the violent eddies, turbulence, and flow separation caused by the sudden change in cross-section at the outlet of the second piston chamber. At the same time, according to the continuity equation, when the water flows from the second piston chamber (large diameter) through the tapered section into the outlet flow channel (small diameter), the flow rate will increase significantly, which can reduce the residence time of the water flow at the junction of the second piston chamber and the outlet flow channel. Through its tapered characteristics, the water flow can flow into the outlet flow channel more easily and smoothly, reducing the difficulty of water flow entering the outlet flow channel.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the first reset structure includes a fixed plate and a first elastic member. The fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the first piston chamber; and the first elastic member has two ends arranged along its elastic deformation direction connected to the first piston and the fixed plate, respectively.

[0015] Beneficial effect: By fixing the fixed plate to the first piston chamber, and connecting the two ends of the first elastic member along its elastic deformation direction to the first piston and the fixed plate respectively, when ΔT>ΔT0, the pump group is driven to push the water flow into the water inlet channel, and the first piston overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic member and moves upward, compressing the first elastic member and storing potential energy. When the temperature difference drops below the threshold, that is, ΔT<ΔT0, the system does not require an external control signal or additional energy input, and relies entirely on the elastic potential energy stored in the first reset structure (fixed plate and first elastic member) to drive the first piston back to the installation step, ensuring that when active temperature control is not required, the water inlet channel and the first piston chamber can be quickly and thoroughly separated to prevent accidental backflow, mixing or invalid circulation of water.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the pumped-storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression equipment further includes a pressure distribution manifold. The pressure distribution manifold is mounted on the water inlet pipe, with its inlet end communicating with the water inlet pipe. The pressure distribution manifold is provided with a plurality of outlets arranged in parallel; the water inlet of the water hammer jet device is communicated with one of the outlets.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The main pipe inlet is connected to the main water inlet pipe, and multiple parallel unworthy outlet ends are connected to independent water hammer jet devices to form a fluid network with centralized distribution and parallel output, ensuring that multiple water hammer jet devices synchronously obtain stable and consistent water pressure and flow, forming multiple jets, and enhancing the heat exchange area between high-temperature water in the surface water area and low-temperature water in the deep water area, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the evaporation suppression equipment of the pumped storage power station reservoir also includes a valve, which is communicatively connected to the control terminal, and the valve and the water hammer jet device are installed in series on the water inlet pipe; wherein the valve is arranged near the end of the water inlet pipe.

[0019] Beneficial Effects: By connecting the valve to the control terminal through communication, the valve can accept commands from the control terminal to switch its own state. Furthermore, by installing the valve in series with the water hammer jet device on the water inlet pipe and placing the valve near the end of the water inlet pipe, a water hammer phenomenon can be generated inside the water inlet pipe and the water hammer jet device when the valve is closed. For example, when the control terminal instructs the valve to close, the water flow in the water inlet pipe is suddenly blocked due to inertia, generating instantaneous high pressure. At this time, the high-pressure water hammer wave is transmitted through the water inlet pipe to the water hammer jet device, which pushes up the first piston. The water then enters the second piston chamber and the water outlet channel in sequence, and is finally ejected from the water outlet at high speed, driving the higher-temperature water in the surface water area to achieve heat exchange with the lower-temperature water in the deep water area, thereby suppressing the evaporation of the surface water.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device further includes a support member, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the reservoir along its length, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the pressure distribution main pipe.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device further includes a water hammer buffer joint. The water hammer buffer joint is installed on the water inlet pipe.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: Because the valve is located close to the end of the water inlet pipe, when it is closed, the inertia of the water flow causes kinetic energy to be instantly converted into pressure energy, forming a high-pressure shock wave. By adding a water hammer buffer joint as a pressure absorption device, the deformation cavity actively absorbs the sudden increase in liquid pressure, converting the energy of the high-pressure shock wave into slowly released elastic potential energy, preventing the sudden pressure surge from propagating back along the pipe, reducing the risk of pipe burst, and avoiding structural damage to key components such as valves and water hammer jet devices caused by high-pressure shock.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the inlet of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water outlet of the upstream reservoir or the downstream reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a water hammer jet device in an evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the use of the evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Temperature detection component;

[0030] 2. Water hammer jet device; 21. Base; 211. Water inlet channel; 212. First piston chamber; 213. Mounting step; 22. First piston; 23. First reset structure; 231. Fixing plate; 232. First elastic member; 24. Jet base; 241. Second piston chamber; 242. Air chamber; 243. Water outlet channel; 244. Variable diameter section; 25. Second piston; 261. Second elastic member;

[0031] 3. Water inlet pipe;

[0032] 4. Pressure distribution main pipe;

[0033] 5. Valve;

[0034] 6. Water hammer buffer joint;

[0035] 7. Support parts;

[0036] 8. Cable;

[0037] S, surface water area; T, thermocline water area; D, deep water area;

[0038] R. Reservoir. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] As an important grid peak-shaving and energy storage facility, pumped-storage power stations achieve energy conversion through the water level difference between the upper and lower reservoirs, and play a key role in grid peak-shaving and new energy consumption.

[0041] The core components of a pumped-storage power station are the upper and lower reservoirs, which are tens to several dozen meters deep. In actual operation, especially in natural environments, deep reservoirs can experience temperature stratification during certain seasons (such as summer). This is manifested as intense sunlight causing the surface water to absorb significant amounts of heat, making it difficult for air currents to fully carry that heat away. This results in higher surface water temperatures and lower density. Meanwhile, the deeper water, difficult for sunlight to reach, is relatively cooler and denser. Between these two layers of water, a layer with a drastically changing temperature gradient, known as a thermocline, typically forms.

[0042] However, the existence of the thermocline constitutes a physical barrier, which seriously hinders the natural circulation and mixing of surface water and deep water. The long-term high temperature of the surface water of the reservoir will increase the kinetic energy of water molecules, directly leading to a significant increase in the evaporation of surface water, resulting in the loss of water resources and reducing the operating efficiency of the reservoir.

[0043] To this end, the present invention utilizes the water hammer principle, using the high pressure stimulated by the water hammer to generate a jet impacting the thermocline, breaking the barrier, enhancing the circulation and mixing of the surface water and deep water of the reservoir, and introducing the low-temperature water in the deep layer of the reservoir into the surface water area, thereby achieving the purpose of lowering the surface water temperature and suppressing the overall evaporation of the reservoir.

[0044] The following combination Figures 1 to 3 , describing embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a water temperature detection unit, a water hammer jet device 2, a control terminal and a drive pump group.

[0046] Specifically, the water temperature detection unit includes at least two temperature detection components 1, which are respectively arranged in the surface water area S and the deep water area D, for real-time detection of the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td. The water hammer jet device 2 is fixedly installed in the deep water area D. The water hammer jet device 2 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. The water inlet is connected to the water inlet pipe 3, and the water outlet direction of the water outlet extends vertically upward along the depth direction of the reservoir R. The control terminal is communicatively connected to the water temperature detection unit and is configured to receive the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td and form a real-time temperature difference ΔT. The control terminal is provided with a temperature difference threshold ΔT0. The drive pump group is connected to the water inlet pipe 3 and is controlled by the control terminal.

[0047] Among them, when the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the driving pump group is configured to provide a driving force for the water to flow from the water inlet to the water outlet and then flow through the water outlet to the surface water body, so that the lower temperature water body inside the deep water body area D and the higher temperature water body inside the surface water body area S can exchange heat.

[0048] With this setting, the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td are detected in real time to form a temperature difference ΔT, which is combined with the preset temperature difference threshold ΔT0 as the basis for starting judgment.

[0049] For example, ensure that the equipment is started only when the temperature difference is significant (ΔT>ΔT0) causing increased evaporation. When started, the water inlet of the water hammer jet device 2 is connected to the water inlet pipe 3, and the water outlet of the water hammer jet device 2 extends vertically upward along the depth direction of the reservoir R.

[0050] Therefore, the water flow introduced into the water inlet pipe 3 can form an upwelling, vertically upwelling to the surface water area S, and penetrate the thermocline in the process. During this period, due to the pressure difference, the low-temperature water inside the deep water area D can be guided to the surface water area S, realizing cross-layer heat exchange, lowering the water temperature in the surface water area S, reducing the kinetic energy of water molecules from a physical level, significantly reducing the evaporation of surface water, reducing the loss of surface water, thereby reducing the total amount of subsequent water replenishment, and thus reducing the water replenishment cost.

[0051] At the same time, deep low-temperature water is used as a cold source, and surface high-temperature water is used as a heat source. The pump group is driven by intelligent triggering through the temperature difference threshold, and only works when the temperature difference exceeds the standard, which greatly reduces energy consumption and avoids ecological disturbances caused by excessive mixing.

[0052] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the definition of "lower temperature water body" and "higher temperature water body" refers to the relative relationship between two water bodies based on temperature, where the lower temperature water body specifically refers to the lower temperature body and the higher temperature water body specifically refers to the higher temperature body. This definition is not dependent on a specific temperature value or range and is only used to describe the temperature difference between the two bodies.

[0053] It can be explained that the inlet (starting end) of the water inlet pipe 3 is connected to the water outlets of the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir of the pumped storage system.

[0054] It can be explained that the driving pump group is selected as a water pump to increase the water pressure in the water inlet pipe 3.

[0055] It can be explained that the temperature detection element 1 is selected as a temperature sensor. After installation, the temperature sensor is suspended and installed in the water area.

[0056] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the control terminal using a cable 8 .

[0057] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water hammer jet device 2 includes a base 21 and a first piston 22 .

[0058] Specifically, the base 21 is provided with a water inlet channel 211 and a first piston chamber 212 arranged along the depth direction of the reservoir R. The water inlet channel 211 is connected to the water inlet as a small-diameter chamber, and the first piston chamber 212 is arranged as a large-diameter chamber on the side of the water inlet channel 211 close to the surface water area S. The first piston chamber 212 is connected to the water outlet, and the first piston chamber 212 is close to the inner wall of the water inlet channel 211 to form an installation step 213; the first piston 22 is movably installed in the first piston chamber 212 along the depth direction of the reservoir R.

[0059] Among them, when the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the driving force provided by the driving pump group drives the water flow into the water inlet channel 211, and pushes the first piston 22 to overcome the elastic force of the first reset structure 23 and upwardly separate from the mounting step 213, so that the water inlet channel 211 is connected with the first piston chamber 212; when the temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the elastic force of the first reset structure 23 drives the first piston 22 to fall back to the mounting step 213, so that the water inlet channel 211 is separated from the first piston chamber 212.

[0060] In this way, by providing a small-diameter water inlet channel 211 inside the base 21, according to the Bernoulli equation, the water flow speed inside the small-diameter water inlet channel 211 is faster, and it can quickly respond to the driving force of the driving pump group. By providing a large-diameter first piston chamber 212 inside the base 21, the first piston chamber 212 can form an installation step 213 close to the inner wall of the water inlet channel 211 for the installation of the first piston 22.

[0061] Specifically, when ΔT>ΔT0, the pump group is driven to provide water flow power and accelerates after entering the water inlet channel 211 until the first piston 22 is pushed to overcome the elastic force of the first reset structure 23 and move it upward. During this period, the first reset structure 23 stores energy, and then the first piston chamber 212 is connected to the water outlet, so that the water flow can flow smoothly to the water outlet and form a jet to move toward the surface water area S. The low-temperature water inside the deep water area D can be guided to the surface water area S, realizing cross-layer heat exchange and reducing the water temperature in the surface water area S.

[0062] When ΔT < ΔT0, the force of the water flow is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the first reset structure 23. The first reset structure 23 releases energy, driving the first piston 22 back to the mounting step 213, separating the first piston chamber 212 from the water inlet channel 211 and cutting off the water flow. This creates a structure that connects and generates jets on demand, reducing the energy consumption of the entire device. It also ensures that the device is completely isolated when not in operation, preventing ineffective water flow disturbances.

[0063] It can be explained that the inlet of the water inlet channel 211 serves as the water inlet of the water hammer jet device 2 .

[0064] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first reset structure 23 includes a fixed plate 231 and a first elastic member 232. The fixed plate 231 is fixedly mounted on the first piston chamber 212; the first elastic member 232 has two ends along its elastic deformation direction connected to the first piston 22 and the fixed plate 231 respectively.

[0065] In this configuration, the fixing plate 231 is fixedly mounted on the first piston chamber 212 , and the two ends of the first elastic member 232 arranged along its elastic deformation direction are respectively connected to the first piston 22 and the fixing plate 231 .

[0066] During use, when ΔT>ΔT0, the pump assembly is driven to push water into the water inlet channel 211, and the first piston 22 overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic member 232 and moves upward, compressing the first elastic member 232 and storing potential energy.

[0067] When the temperature difference drops below the threshold, that is, ΔT<ΔT0, the system does not require an external control signal or additional energy input, and relies entirely on the elastic potential energy stored in the first reset structure 23 (fixed plate 231 and first elastic member 232) to drive the first piston 22 back to the mounting step 213.

[0068] This ensures that when active temperature control is not required, the water inlet channel 211 and the first piston chamber 212 can be quickly and completely separated to prevent accidental backflow, mixing or ineffective circulation of water.

[0069] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the first elastic member 232 is a linear spring.

[0070] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water hammer jet device 2 further includes a jet base 24 and a second piston 25 .

[0071] Specifically, the jet base 24 is installed above the base 21. The jet base 24 is provided with a second piston chamber 241 and an air chamber 242. The second piston chamber 241 is connected to the first piston chamber 212. The second piston chamber 241 is connected to the water outlet. The air chamber 242 is arranged on the side of the second piston chamber 241 away from the first piston chamber 212 along the depth direction of the reservoir R. The air chamber 242 is connected to the second piston chamber 241; the second piston 25 is installed in the second piston chamber 241.

[0072] When the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the second piston 25 overcomes the elastic force of the second reset structure and approaches the air chamber 242. When the temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the elastic force of the second reset structure drives the second piston 25 away from the air chamber 242.

[0073] With this arrangement, since the second piston chamber 241 is connected to the first piston chamber 212, when ΔT > ΔT0, the pump assembly is driven to provide water flow, and the first piston 22 is acted upon by the water flow until it detaches from the mounting step 213. This allows the water in the water inlet channel 211 to flow through the first piston chamber 212 into the second piston chamber 241, pushing the second piston 25 toward the air chamber 242, compressing the gas in the air chamber 242. During this period, the compressibility of the gas can absorb the kinetic energy of the impact, achieving flexible cushioning.

[0074] At the same time, during the movement of the second piston 25 toward the air chamber 242, the second reset structure stores energy, and when ΔT<ΔT0, the second reset structure releases energy to drive the second piston 25 back. During this period, the release of compressed air can assist the second piston 25 in resetting.

[0075] The on-demand compression and release mechanism is combined with the temperature difference trigger logic to ensure that the buffering function is only enabled when the water mixing demand is high, reducing ineffective energy consumption.

[0076] It can be explained that the second piston 25 is dynamically sealed and installed in the second piston chamber 241 .

[0077] For example, a seal, such as an O-ring, is provided between the second piston 25 and the inner wall of the second piston chamber 241 . During installation, an annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the second piston 25 , and the O-ring is installed in the annular groove of the second piston 25 .

[0078] It can be explained that, in this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the air chamber 242 is installed above the second piston chamber 241.

[0079] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet at the lower end of the air chamber 242 is relatively small, thereby preventing the air in the air chamber 242 from overflowing.

[0080] It can be explained that the second restoring structure includes a second elastic member 261 , and two ends thereof arranged along the elastic deformation direction are respectively connected to the inner wall of the air chamber 242 and the second piston 25 .

[0081] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the second elastic member 261 is a linear spring.

[0082] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the jet base 24 is further provided with a water outlet channel 243, which is connected to the second piston chamber 241 through a diameter-reducing section 244; wherein, in the direction in which the second piston chamber 241 extends toward the water outlet channel 243, the diameter-reducing section 244 is a tapered section.

[0083] In this configuration, the tapered variable diameter section 244 provides a smooth transition for the water flow from the larger cross-section of the second piston chamber 241 to the smaller cross-section of the water outlet channel 243. The gradually shrinking flow channel design can avoid the violent eddy currents, turbulence and flow separation caused by the sudden change of cross-section at the outlet of the second piston chamber 241.

[0084] At the same time, according to the continuity equation, when the water flows from the second piston chamber 241 (large diameter) through the tapered section into the water outlet channel 243 (small diameter), the flow rate will increase significantly, which can reduce the residence time of the water flow at the junction of the second piston chamber 241 and the water outlet channel 243, and through its tapered characteristics, the water flow can flow into the water outlet channel 243 more easily and smoothly, reducing the difficulty of the water flow entering the water outlet channel 243.

[0085] It can be explained that the end of the water outlet channel 243 serves as the water outlet of the water hammer jet device 2 .

[0086] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the evaporation suppression device for the pumped storage power station reservoir further includes a pressure distribution main pipe 4. The pressure distribution main pipe 4 is installed on the water inlet pipe 3, and its inlet end is connected to the water inlet pipe 3. The pressure distribution main pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of outlet ends arranged in parallel.

[0087] The water inlet of the water hammer jet device 2 is connected to one of the outlet ends.

[0088] With this arrangement, the main pipe inlet is connected to the main water inlet pipe 3, and multiple outlet ends arranged in parallel are connected to independent water hammer jet devices 2, forming a fluid network with centralized distribution and parallel output. This ensures that multiple water hammer jet devices 2 simultaneously obtain stable and consistent water pressure and flow, forming multiple jets, and enhancing the heat exchange area between high-temperature water in the surface water area S and low-temperature water in the deep water area D, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0089] It can be explained that the number of outlet ends of the pressure distribution main pipe 4 is two or more.

[0090] During installation, the outlet end close to the end of the water inlet pipe 3 is used to connect the water hammer buffer section 6 in series, and the other outlet ends are each installed with a water hammer jet device 2.

[0091] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the evaporation suppression device for the pumped storage power station reservoir further includes a valve 5 , which is installed in series with the water hammer jet device 2 on the water inlet pipe 3 .

[0092] It can be explained that the valve 5 is an electrically controlled valve 5 .

[0093] The valve 5 is connected to the control terminal for communication, so as to control the opening and closing of the valve 5.

[0094] Furthermore, the valve 5 is arranged near the end of the water inlet pipe 3 .

[0095] In this arrangement, by communicating with the control terminal, the valve 5 can receive the command of the control terminal to switch its own state. By installing the valve 5 and the water hammer jet device 2 in series on the water inlet pipe 3, and arranging the valve 5 close to the end of the water inlet pipe 3, when the valve 5 is suddenly closed, the inertia of the water flow itself can cause extremely high pressure in the water flow, thereby generating water hammer phenomenon inside the water inlet pipe 3 and the water hammer jet device 2.

[0096] For example, when the control terminal instructs the valve 5 to close, the water flow in the water inlet pipe 3 is suddenly blocked due to inertia, generating instantaneous high pressure. At this time, the high-pressure water hammer wave is transmitted to the water hammer jet device 2 through the water inlet pipe 3. After the first piston 22 is lifted, the water flows into the second piston chamber 241 and the water outlet channel 243 in turn, and finally ejected from the water outlet at high speed, driving the higher temperature water in the surface water area S and the lower temperature water in the deep water area D to achieve heat exchange, thereby suppressing the evaporation of the surface water.

[0097] Furthermore, since the closing speed of the valve can determine the intensity of the water hammer phenomenon, that is, the control terminal can also adjust the closing speed of the valve 5.

[0098] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the driving pump group is installed at the valve 5 to provide the driving force for the extraction of water flow.

[0099] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the evaporation suppression device of the pumped storage power station reservoir further includes a water hammer buffer section 6. The water hammer buffer section 6 is installed on the water inlet pipe 3.

[0100] With this arrangement, because valve 5 is located immediately adjacent to the end of the water inlet pipe 3, when it closes, the inertia of the water flow causes kinetic energy to be instantly converted into pressure energy, forming a high-pressure shock wave. By adding a water hammer buffer 6 as a pressure absorber, the deformable cavity actively absorbs the sudden increase in liquid pressure, converting the energy of the high-pressure shock wave into slowly released elastic potential energy. This prevents the sudden pressure surge from propagating back along the pipe, reducing the risk of pipe burst and avoiding structural damage to key components such as valve 5 and the water hammer jet device 2 caused by the high-pressure shock.

[0101] It can be explained that the water hammer buffer section 6 is a bellows, which can achieve buffering when the water pressure in the water inlet pipe 3 increases instantaneously, thereby reducing the high-pressure effect of the water hammer on the water inlet pipe 3 .

[0102] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the evaporation suppression device for the pumped storage power station reservoir further includes a support member 7 , one end of which is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the reservoir R along its length, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the pressure distribution main pipe 4 .

[0103] The evaporation suppression device for the pumped storage power station reservoir provided in the above embodiment, when in operation, if ΔT>ΔT0, the control valve 5 is quickly closed, causing the internal pressure of the pressure distribution main pipe 4 to increase sharply. The generated high-pressure water flow enters the water inlet channel 211 and pushes the first piston 22, causing the first piston 22 to disengage from the mounting step 213, so that the water inlet channel 211 is connected to the first piston chamber 212. The high-pressure water flow will continue to enter the second piston chamber 241, on the one hand applying pressure to the second piston 25, and on the other hand, it will pass through the reducing section 244 into the water outlet channel 243 and flow along the extension direction of the water outlet channel 243 until it is ejected upward from the water outlet, forming a high-speed jet.

[0104] During this period, when the high-pressure water flow applies pressure to the second piston 25 , the second piston 25 will compress the air into the air chamber 242 to achieve buffering.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the use process of the evaporation suppression device of a pumped storage power station reservoir includes:

[0106] like Figure 3 As shown, the method for suppressing evaporation of a pumped storage power station reservoir includes the following steps: real-time detection of the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td to obtain a real-time temperature difference ΔT; setting a temperature difference threshold ΔT0; analyzing whether the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0; if the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, calculating the closing speed of valve 5 and closing valve 5; monitoring the change of the real-time temperature difference ΔT; after the equipment has been running for T1, detecting the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td again to obtain the change of the real-time temperature difference ΔT; if the real-time temperature difference ΔT is still greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, repeating the above steps; if the real-time temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, opening valve 5.

[0107] With such a configuration, since the pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression method is applied to the pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device, it has the same effect as the pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device, and will not be described in detail here.

[0108] It can be explained that before detecting the water temperature of each layer, water temperature detection points need to be arranged in the surface water area S and the deep water area D of the reservoir R.

[0109] It can be explained that, based on the water temperature measurements of different temperature layers of the reservoir R, the temperature difference threshold ΔT0 is set.

[0110] It can be explained that if the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the closing speed of the valve 5 is calculated and the valve 5 is closed. This can trigger a water hammer phenomenon in the water inlet pipe 3. The high-pressure water flow generated by the water hammer pushes the first piston 22 away from the mounting step 213. After passing through the first piston chamber 212 and the water outlet channel 243, a high-pressure jet is generated and ejected vertically upward, destroying the thermocline, promoting the exchange between the surface water and the deep water, achieving heat exchange, and thus reducing the surface water temperature.

[0111] Furthermore, if the real-time temperature difference ΔT is still found to be greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the actual situation is: before closing valve 5, valve 5 is already in a closed state, and valve 5 needs to be opened and maintained for T2 before closing valve 5 to generate water hammer phenomenon.

[0112] Of course, if it is found that the real-time temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, it means that the operation of the equipment has achieved the expected effect of lowering the surface water temperature, and then the valve 5 is opened again, and the operation process ends.

[0113] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression device, characterized in that: include: The water temperature detection unit comprises at least two temperature detection elements (1), which are respectively arranged in a surface water area (S) and a deep water area (D) and are used for real-time detection of the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td; A water hammer jet device (2) is fixedly installed in a deep water area (D), wherein the water hammer jet device (2) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet is connected to a water inlet pipe (3), and the water outlet direction of the water outlet extends vertically upward along the depth direction of the reservoir (R); A control terminal is in communication with the water temperature detection unit and is configured to receive the surface water temperature Ts and the deep water temperature Td and form a real-time temperature difference ΔT. The control terminal is provided with a temperature difference threshold ΔT0; A driving pump group is connected to the water inlet pipe (3) and is controlled by the control terminal; Among them, when the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the driving pump group is configured to provide a driving force for the water to flow from the water inlet to the water outlet and then flow to the surface water body through the water outlet, so as to enable the lower temperature water body inside the deep water body area (D) to exchange heat with the higher temperature water body inside the surface water body area (S).

2. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water hammer jet device (2) comprises: The base (21) is provided with a water inlet channel (211) and a first piston chamber (212) arranged along the depth direction of the reservoir (R). The water inlet channel (211) is connected to the water inlet as a small-diameter chamber, and the first piston chamber (212) is arranged on a side of the water inlet channel (211) close to the surface water area (S) as a large-diameter chamber. The first piston chamber (212) is connected to the water outlet, and an installation step (213) is formed on the inner wall of the first piston chamber (212) close to the water inlet channel (211). A first piston (22) is movably installed in the first piston chamber (212) along the depth direction of the reservoir (R); When the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the driving force provided by the driving pump group drives the water flow into the water inlet channel (211), and pushes the first piston (22) to overcome the elastic force of the first reset structure (23) and upwardly separate from the installation step (213), so that the water inlet channel (211) and the first piston chamber (212) are connected; when the temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the elastic force of the first reset structure (23) drives the first piston (22) to fall back to the installation step (213), so that the water inlet channel (211) and the first piston chamber (212) are separated.

3. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water hammer jet device (2) further comprises: A jet base (24) is installed above the base (21), and the jet base (24) is provided with a second piston chamber (241) and an air chamber (242), wherein the second piston chamber (241) is communicated with the first piston chamber (212), the second piston chamber (241) is communicated with the water outlet, and the air chamber (242) is arranged on a side of the second piston chamber (241) away from the first piston chamber (212) along the depth direction of the reservoir (R), and the air chamber (242) is communicated with the second piston chamber (241); a second piston (25) mounted in the second piston chamber (241); When the real-time temperature difference ΔT is greater than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the second piston chamber (241) overcomes the elastic force of the second reset structure and approaches the air chamber (242); when the temperature difference ΔT is less than the temperature difference threshold ΔT0, the elastic force of the second reset structure drives the second piston (25) away from the air chamber (242).

4. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to claim 3, characterized in that: The jet base (24) is further provided with a water outlet channel (243), and the water outlet channel (243) is communicated with the second piston chamber (241) through a diameter-reducing section (244); Wherein, in the direction in which the second piston chamber (241) extends toward the water outlet channel (243), the diameter-changing section (244) is a gradually contracting section.

5. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The first reset structure (23) comprises: a fixed plate (231) fixedly mounted on the first piston chamber (212); The first elastic member (232) has two ends arranged along its elastic deformation direction connected to the first piston (22) and the fixing plate (231) respectively.

6. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression equipment also includes: A pressure distribution main pipe (4) is installed on the water inlet pipe (3), and its inlet end is connected to the water inlet pipe (3). The pressure distribution main pipe (4) is provided with a plurality of outlet ends arranged in parallel along its length direction; Wherein, the water inlet of the water hammer jet device (2) is connected to one of the outlet ends.

7. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression equipment also includes: A valve (5) is communicatively connected to the control terminal, and the valve (5) and the water hammer jet device (2) are installed in series on the water inlet pipe (3); Wherein, the valve (5) is arranged close to the end of the water inlet pipe (3).

8. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression equipment also includes: A support member (7), wherein one end of the support member (7) along its length is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the reservoir (R), and the other end is fixedly mounted on the pressure distribution main pipe (4).

9. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pumped storage power station reservoir evaporation suppression equipment also includes: A water hammer buffer joint (6) is installed on the water inlet pipe (3).

10. The evaporation suppression device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The inlet of the water inlet pipe (3) is connected to the water outlet of the upstream reservoir or the downstream reservoir.

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