Construction method of variable-gradient special-shaped conical slope precast block protection slope

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for a variable-gradient special-shaped conical slope precast block protection slope. The construction method comprises the steps that S1, the slope vertex elevation, the two slope toe point elevations, the gradients of two slope surfaces and the intersection line position are obtained; s2, an X-Y-Z three-dimensional coordinate system with the horizontal plane where the two slope toe points are located as the X-Y coordinate plane and the vertical line direction of the slope top point as the Z-axis direction is constructed; s3, the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line are equally divided according to the preset segment number, and equal-height segment points and two slope toe points on the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line are connected through a quarter elliptic arc; s4, control points used for installing control piles are arranged on the slope top point, the two slope toe points, the equal-elevation segmentation points and the one-fourth elliptic arc; s5, marking the pile body of the control pile; s6, the slope surface is subjected to primary brushing and trimming; s7, laying a cushion layer; s8, precast blocks are laid; and S9, joint filling. The appearance attractiveness is improved while the protection durability and stability of the precast block slope protection are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated block slope protection construction methods, in particular to a construction method for a variable-slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection. Background Art

[0002] A conical slope is set at the intersection of two slopes in different directions to ensure a smooth transition. The basic feature is that the top of the slope is dotted. When the slopes of the two slopes are the same, the intersection line of the slopes is the same length, and the toes of the slopes are connected by a straight line. The surface of the conical slope is in the same plane, and the overall shape is symmetrical and regular. When the slopes of the two slopes are different, the intersection line of the slopes is longer on one side and shorter on the other side, and the toes of the slopes are connected by an arc. The surface of the conical slope is a large curvature arc surface, not in the same plane, and the overall shape is three-dimensional, irregular. The conventional construction method is to manually perform on-site layout with the naked eye and a tape measure. The construction error is large, which can easily lead to poor flatness of the surface of the plain concrete precast block slope protection, serious misalignment between the plates, poor gap uniformity, and unsightly appearance quality, which seriously affects the slope protection quality and the image of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for prefabricated block slope protection on a variable-slope, special-shaped conical slope, which ensures the durability and stability of the prefabricated block slope protection while also improving its appearance.

[0004] According to the present invention, a construction method for variable-slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection is applied to the intersection of two groups of slopes with different slopes, where the top and bottom of the slopes have the same elevation but different slopes. The method steps are as follows: S1: Obtain the elevation of the slope top, the elevations of the two slope foot points, the slopes of the two slope surfaces, and the positions of the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line; S2: Construct an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system with the horizontal plane where the two toe points are located as the XY coordinate plane and the vertical direction of the slope vertex as the Z axis. The projection of the slope vertex on the XY coordinate plane is the coordinate origin. The line connecting the toe point of the long slope and the origin, i.e., the long slope intersection line, on the XY coordinate plane is the projection of the X-axis. The line connecting the toe point of the short slope and the origin, i.e., the short slope intersection line, on the XY coordinate plane is the projection of the Y axis. S3: Divide the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line into equal parts according to a preset number of segments, and connect the equal-height segment points and the two slope foot points on the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line respectively through a quarter elliptical arc. The center point of the elliptical arc is the projection point of the elliptical arc endpoint on the Z axis. The major axis of the elliptical arc is the line connecting the elliptical arc endpoint corresponding to the long slope and the center point of the elliptical arc. The minor axis of the elliptical arc is the line connecting the elliptical arc endpoint corresponding to the short slope and the center point of the elliptical arc. S4: Control points for installing control piles are set at the slope vertex, two slope foot points, equal elevation segment points, and quarter elliptical arcs except the endpoints, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points on the X, Y, and Z axes are solved to form a three-dimensional coordinate table of the control points; S5: Mark the control piles and insert them into the slope surface. The control piles at the top of the slope are marked with the elevation of the slope top, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. The control piles located on the XY coordinate plane are marked with the elevation of the slope foot, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. The remaining control piles are marked with the elevation of the slope surface, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. S6: Initially brush and trim the slope surface so that the surface elevation is flush with the bottom elevation of the slope protection layer marked on the control pile; S7: Lay the cushion layer. First, hang the line along the slope bottom elevation marked on the control stake. Then, spread and level the cushion layer manually from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope. The surface elevation should be flush with the slope bottom elevation marked on the control stake. S8: Lay the precast blocks. First, hang the lines along the slope top, slope surface, and slope foot elevations marked on the control stakes. Then, place the precast blocks in layers from the slope foot to the slope top and from one end to the other. S9: Filling. After the prefabricated blocks are laid as a whole, polymer cement mortar is used to fill the joints, and the joint surface is treated with a flat seam process.

[0005] Preferably, the method steps for setting the control point on the quarter ellipse arc in step S4 are as follows: S41: Obtain the X-axis coordinate value of each segment point of the long slope intersection line; S42: Obtain curve equations of all quarter ellipse arcs obtained in step S3; S43: Substitute all X-axis coordinate values ​​obtained in step S41 into the curve equations of all quarter elliptical arcs obtained in step S42 to solve them. The obtained coordinate point set is the position coordinates of the control points on all quarter elliptical arcs.

[0006] Preferably, the slope of the long slope is 1:3, the slope of the short slope is 1:1.5, the bottom elevation of the long slope and the short slope is 0m, and the top elevation of the long slope and the short slope is 10m.

[0007] Preferably, in step S3, the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line are equally divided into five segments according to a preset number of segments, and the elevations of the segment points correspond from top to bottom to: 10m, 8m, 6m, 4m, 2m, 0m.

[0008] Preferably, in step S4 , the number of control points on the corresponding quarter ellipse arc from bottom to top excluding the endpoints is: 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.

[0009] Preferably, in step S6, mechanical initial brushing is used and a protective layer of preset thickness is retained, and then manual fine excavation, trimming, and small-scale mechanical compaction are used so that the surface elevation is flush with the bottom elevation of the slope protection cushion layer marked on the control pile.

[0010] Preferably, in step S7, the cushion layer is laid from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope, spread manually, and compacted mechanically, and the surface elevation is flush with the bottom elevation of the slope protection marked on the control pile.

[0011] Preferably, in step S8, precast blocks are laid manually in layers from the foot of the slope to the top. Rubber hammers are used to adjust the surface flatness of the blocks, and uniformly sized positioning crosses are placed between the blocks to ensure a tight fit and consistent gap width. When space is limited and insufficient for laying whole blocks, precisely controlled cut-to-size blocks are used to fill in the gaps, ensuring that the surface elevation is flush with the top, face, and foot elevations marked on the control stakes.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the three-dimensional coordinate table of each control point is imported into a handheld Beidou locator, and the position of the control point is located by the Beidou locator. After the corresponding steps in step S6, step S7 and step S8 are completed, the handheld Beidou locator is used to review the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of each control point.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The formation of a three-dimensional coordinate table containing X, Y, and Z axis information can achieve accurate positioning of the cone slope position and each control pile, effectively guiding on-site construction; Control points for installing control piles are set at the top of the slope, two slope toe points, segment points, and quarter elliptical arcs. The slope top elevation, slope protection bottom elevation, slope protection cushion bottom elevation, slope surface elevation, and slope toe elevation are marked on the corresponding piles. During construction, hanging lines are used to control the slope excavation range and depth to avoid over-excavation and under-excavation, while also controlling the construction accuracy of each part and process. Precast blocks are laid out in layers from the foot of the slope to the top, which helps control the accuracy of the laying and overall stability of the precast blocks. Hitting the precast blocks with a rubber hammer can effectively reduce the misalignment between the blocks, which helps improve the surface flatness. When laying, uniform positioning crosses are placed between the blocks to ensure a tight fit and consistent width between the blocks. When the space is too small to lay a whole block, precisely controlled cut-to-size blocks are used to fill the gap to ensure the neat and beautiful appearance of the precast block slope protection. (4) By importing the three-dimensional coordinate table of each control point into the handheld Beidou positioning device, it is convenient to conduct timely review of the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​during paving to ensure that the slope shape and slope meet the requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In the attached figure: Figure 1This is a structural schematic diagram of a construction method for variable-slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a hexagonal brick cone slope diagram of a traffic bridge constructed according to the construction method proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Reference Figure 1 A construction method for variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection is applied to the intersection of two groups of slopes with different slopes. The elevations of the slope top and slope foot are the same, but the slopes are different. Specifically, the slope of the long slope is 1:3, and the slope of the short slope is 1:1.5. When the bottom elevation of the long slope and the short slope is 0m, the top elevation of the long slope and the short slope is 10m.

[0016] The construction method and steps of variable slope special-shaped cone slope prefabricated block slope protection are as follows: S1: Obtain the elevation of the slope top, the elevations of the two slope foot points, the slopes of the two slope surfaces, and the positions of the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line; S2: Construct an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system with the horizontal plane where the two toe points are located as the XY coordinate plane and the vertical direction of the slope vertex as the Z axis. The projection of the slope vertex on the XY coordinate plane is the coordinate origin. The line connecting the toe point of the long slope and the origin, i.e., the long slope intersection line, on the XY coordinate plane is the projection of the X-axis. The line connecting the toe point of the short slope and the origin, i.e., the short slope intersection line, on the XY coordinate plane is the projection of the Y axis. Specifically, accurate drawing is performed in a three-dimensional modeling software, and this embodiment uses CAD software; S3: Divide the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line into equal parts according to a preset number of segments, and connect the equal-height segment points and the two slope foot points on the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line respectively through a quarter elliptical arc. The center point of the elliptical arc is the projection point of the elliptical arc endpoint on the Z axis. The major axis of the elliptical arc is the line connecting the elliptical arc endpoint corresponding to the long slope and the center point of the elliptical arc. The minor axis of the elliptical arc is the line connecting the elliptical arc endpoint corresponding to the short slope and the center point of the elliptical arc. Specifically, this embodiment divides the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line into five equal sections according to a preset ratio. The corresponding elevations of the segment points from top to bottom are: 10m, 8m, 6m, 4m, 2m, and 0m. The fifth, fourth, third, second, and first slope horizontal lines are calculated and drawn respectively.

[0017] S4: Control points for installing control piles are set at the slope vertex, two slope foot points, equal elevation segment points, and quarter elliptical arcs except the endpoints, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points on the X, Y, and Z axes are solved to form a three-dimensional coordinate table of the control points; In step S4 of this embodiment, the method steps for setting the control point on the quarter ellipse arc are as follows: S41: Obtain the X-axis coordinate value of each segment point of the long slope intersection line; S42: Obtain curve equations of all quarter ellipse arcs obtained in step S3; S43: Substitute all X-axis coordinate values ​​obtained in step S41 into the curve equations of all quarter elliptical arcs obtained in step S42 to solve them. The obtained coordinate point set is the position coordinates of the control points on all quarter elliptical arcs.

[0018] Specifically, the number of control points on the corresponding quarter ellipse arc excluding the endpoints from bottom to top is: 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0. The formed three-dimensional coordinate table is imported into a handheld Beidou locator, and the position of the control point is located by the Beidou locator.

[0019] S5: Mark the control piles and insert them into the slope surface. The control piles at the top of the slope are marked with the elevation of the slope top, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. The control piles located on the XY coordinate plane are marked with the elevation of the slope foot, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. The remaining control piles are marked with the elevation of the slope surface, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. Specifically, control piles are used to control the excavation range and depth of the slope surface to avoid over-excavation and under-excavation.

[0020] S6: Initially brush and trim the slope surface so that the surface elevation is flush with the bottom elevation of the slope protection layer marked on the control pile; Specifically, mechanical brushing is used first, and a protective layer of a certain thickness is reserved. Then manual excavation, trimming, and small-scale mechanical compaction are used. The surface elevation is flush with the bottom elevation of the slope protection layer marked on the control pile, and a handheld Beidou positioning device is used for verification.

[0021] S7: Lay the cushion layer. First, hang the line along the slope bottom elevation marked on the control stake. Then, spread and level the cushion layer manually from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope. The surface elevation should be flush with the slope bottom elevation marked on the control stake. Specifically, a line is hung along the bottom elevation of the slope protection marked on the control pile, and the cushion layer is manually spread from the top of the slope to the bottom, and compacted mechanically. The surface elevation is flush with the hanging line, and a handheld Beidou positioning device is used for verification.

[0022] S8: Lay the precast blocks. First, hang the lines along the slope top, slope surface, and slope foot elevations marked on the control stakes. Then, place the precast blocks in layers from the slope foot to the slope top and from one end to the other. Specifically, lines are drawn along the elevations of the top, surface, and bottom of the slope marked on the control stakes. Precast blocks are then manually placed in layers from the bottom of the slope to the top and from one end to the other, and adjusted with a rubber hammer to prevent misalignment between the blocks. At the same time, positioning crosses of uniform specifications are placed between the blocks to ensure a tight fit and consistent gap width. When space is limited and it is difficult to lay entire blocks, precast blocks with precisely controlled cutting dimensions are used for laying. The surface elevation of the precast blocks is aligned with the line, and this is verified using a handheld Beidou positioning device.

[0023] S9: Filling. After the prefabricated blocks are laid as a whole, polymer cement mortar is used to fill the joints, and the joint surface is treated with a flat seam process.

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the scheme and effect of this implementation, the following examples are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings: Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 The hexagonal brick cone slope of the traffic bridge constructed according to this construction method has a good surface flatness, uniform and regular gap width between the plates, good uniformity, and smooth curve connections. While ensuring the durability and stability of the prefabricated block slope protection, it also improves the appearance.

Claims

1. A construction method for variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection, applied to the intersection of two groups of slopes with different slopes, characterized in that: The elevations of the top and toe of the slope are the same, but the slopes are different. The steps are as follows: S1: Obtain the elevation of the slope top, the elevations of the two slope foot points, the slopes of the two slope surfaces, and the positions of the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line; S2: Construct an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system with the horizontal plane where the two toe points are located as the XY coordinate plane and the vertical direction of the slope vertex as the Z axis. The projection of the slope vertex on the XY coordinate plane is the coordinate origin. The line connecting the toe point of the long slope and the origin, i.e., the long slope intersection line, on the XY coordinate plane is the projection of the X-axis. The line connecting the toe point of the short slope and the origin, i.e., the short slope intersection line, on the XY coordinate plane is the projection of the Y axis. S3: Divide the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line into equal parts according to a preset number of segments, and connect the equal-height segment points and the two slope foot points on the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line respectively through a quarter elliptical arc. The center point of the elliptical arc is the projection point of the elliptical arc endpoint on the Z axis. The major axis of the elliptical arc is the line connecting the elliptical arc endpoint corresponding to the long slope and the center point of the elliptical arc. The minor axis of the elliptical arc is the line connecting the elliptical arc endpoint corresponding to the short slope and the center point of the elliptical arc. S4: Control points for installing control piles are set at the slope vertex, two slope foot points, equal elevation segment points, and quarter elliptical arcs except the endpoints, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points on the X, Y, and Z axes are solved to form a three-dimensional coordinate table of the control points; S5: Mark the control piles and insert them into the slope surface. The control piles at the top of the slope are marked with the elevation of the slope top, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. The control piles located on the XY coordinate plane are marked with the elevation of the slope foot, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. The remaining control piles are marked with the elevation of the slope surface, the elevation of the slope bottom, and the elevation of the slope cushion layer from top to bottom. S6: Initially brush and trim the slope surface so that the surface elevation is flush with the bottom elevation of the slope protection layer marked on the control pile; S7: Lay the cushion layer. First, hang the line along the slope bottom elevation marked on the control stake. Then, spread and level the cushion layer manually from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope. The surface elevation should be flush with the slope bottom elevation marked on the control stake. S8: Lay the precast blocks. First, hang the lines along the slope top, slope surface, and slope foot elevations marked on the control stakes. Then, place the precast blocks in layers from the slope foot to the slope top and from one end to the other. S9: Filling. After the prefabricated blocks are laid as a whole, polymer cement mortar is used to fill the joints, and the joint surface is treated with a flat seam process.

2. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The method steps for setting the control point on the quarter ellipse arc in step S4 are as follows: S41: Obtain the X-axis coordinate value of each segment point of the long slope intersection line; S42: Obtain curve equations of all quarter ellipse arcs obtained in step S3; S43: Substitute all X-axis coordinate values ​​obtained in step S41 into the curve equations of all quarter elliptical arcs obtained in step S42 to solve them. The obtained coordinate point set is the position coordinates of the control points on all quarter elliptical arcs.

3. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 2 is characterized by: The slope of the long slope is 1:3, the slope of the short slope is 1:1.5, the bottom elevation of the long slope and the short slope is 0m, and the top elevation of the long slope and the short slope is 10m.

4. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step S3, the long slope intersection line and the short slope intersection line are divided into five equal sections according to a preset number of sections, and the elevations of the section points correspond from top to bottom to: 10m, 8m, 6m, 4m, 2m, 0m.

5. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S4 , the number of control points on the corresponding quarter ellipse arcs excluding the endpoints from bottom to top are: 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0.

6. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S6, mechanical initial brushing is used to retain a protective layer of preset thickness, and then manual excavation, trimming, and small-scale mechanical compaction are used to make the surface elevation flush with the bottom elevation of the slope protection cushion marked on the control pile.

7. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S7, the cushion layer is laid from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope, spread manually, and compacted mechanically until the surface elevation is flush with the slope protection bottom elevation marked on the control pile.

8. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S8, prefabricated blocks are laid out manually in layers from the foot of the slope to the top of the slope, and the prefabricated blocks are struck with a rubber hammer to adjust the surface flatness. Positioning crosses of uniform specifications are placed between the blocks to achieve the requirements of tight fit and consistent gap width. When the space is small and insufficient to lay the entire block, precisely controlled cutting size blocks are used to fill the gap, and the surface elevation is flush with the elevations of the top, slope surface, and foot of the slope marked on the control piles.

9. The construction method of a variable slope special-shaped conical slope prefabricated block slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the three-dimensional coordinate table of each control point is imported into the handheld Beidou locator, and the position of the control point is located by the Beidou locator. After the corresponding steps in step S6, step S7 and step S8 are completed, the handheld Beidou locator is used to verify the three-dimensional coordinate value of each control point.

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