Prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of detecting bearing capacity of reverse self-balancing pile foundation
By designing modular prefabricated steel pipe piles, the operational process of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing is simplified, the problems of complex device structure and cumbersome operation in the existing technology are solved, and a simpler and faster testing effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511059878.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing pile foundation bearing capacity detection device based on the reverse self-balancing method has a complex structure and cumbersome operation process, especially in cast-in-place concrete piles, which require special design and construction.
A modular prefabricated steel pipe pile is designed, including a pile cap loading section, a common pile body section, a loading pile body section and a pile head section. The sections are connected into a whole through connectors to simplify the operation of pile foundation bearing capacity testing.
The method simplifies and speeds up the pile foundation bearing capacity test, reduces the complexity of the test device and the difficulty of operation, and improves the accuracy of the test results.
Smart Images
Figure CN120649512A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation detection, in particular to a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection. Background Art
[0002] The self-balancing method is a method used to measure the bearing capacity of pile foundations. The principle of the self-balancing method is to set one or more load boxes inside the pile body, and by applying pressure inside the load box, the pile body will produce an upward displacement, and at the same time the soil on the side of the pile will produce a downward reaction force, thereby balancing the applied load. This method reduces the impact of the test on the site and construction progress, and is suitable for a variety of geological conditions and construction environments. Although the self-balancing method for measuring pile bearing capacity does not require an external reaction device and reduces the impact of the site, its disadvantages include theoretical assumptions, load box installation problems, complex test result interpretation, soil layer differences, pile displacement restrictions, high cost, and low accuracy due to the conversion of positive and negative friction resistance. These factors may lead to errors in the test results and affect the promotion of the test method.
[0003] To this end, a reverse self-balancing method was proposed. The core principle is to add a set of vertical loading devices on the top of the pile on the basis of the traditional self-balancing test to solve the technical problem of converting the negative friction resistance of the upper pile into positive friction resistance in the self-balancing pile test method, and to test the tensile bearing capacity of the pile.
[0004] However, existing devices for detecting the bearing capacity of pile foundations based on the reverse self-balancing method mainly rely on cast-in-place concrete piles. During testing, a loading device needs to be buried in the middle and lower part of the pile body during pile foundation construction, and the steel cage of the concrete pile needs to be specially designed to accommodate the loading device, which makes the operation process complicated. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention provides a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection, so as to solve the defects of the pile foundation bearing capacity detection device in the prior art that the structure and operation process are relatively complicated, and realize a modularly designed prefabricated steel pipe pile to realize pile foundation bearing capacity detection more simply and quickly.
[0006] The present invention provides a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing, comprising a pile cap loading section, a common pile body section, a loading pile body section, and a pile head section: The ordinary pile body section includes an upper pile body and a lower pile body, and the pile cap loading section, the upper pile body, the loading pile body section, the lower pile body and the pile head section are sequentially connected along the axial direction to form a steel pipe pile body, wherein the pile cap loading section and the upper pile body constitute an upper pile body, and the lower pile body and the pile head section constitute a lower pile body; The loading pile body section includes a pile body load module, and the pile body load module is used to drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move away from each other, so as to generate a negative bearing force of the upper pile body and a positive bearing force of the lower pile body; The pile cap loading section is equipped with a pile top load module, which is also connected to the lower pile body through a connecting piece. The pile top load module is used to drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move toward each other to obtain the positive bearing capacity of the upper pile body and the negative bearing capacity of the lower pile body.
[0007] According to the present invention, a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection is provided, wherein the connecting member is a force transmission rod, which axially connects the lower pile body and the load output of the pile top load module inside the steel pipe pile body.
[0008] According to the present invention, a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing is provided, wherein the common pile body section includes a plurality of standard pipe sections, and the plurality of standard pipe sections can be sequentially connected axially to form an upper pile body and a lower pile body.
[0009] According to the present invention, a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing is provided, wherein the loading pile body section further comprises an upper loading pile body section and a lower loading pile body section, and a pile body load module is arranged between the upper loading pile body section and the lower loading pile body section, and is used to adjust the axial spacing between the upper loading pile body section and the lower loading pile body section; The upper loading pile body section is fixed to or in contact with the upper pile body, and the lower loading pile body section is fixed to or in contact with the lower pile body.
[0010] According to the present invention, a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing is provided, wherein the upper loading pile body section comprises an upper shell and an upper support plate fixed in the upper shell, wherein the upper shell is fixed to or in contact with the upper pile body section; The pile load module is arranged inside the upper shell.
[0011] According to the prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection provided by the present invention, the pile body load module is detachable, and the upper support plate is provided with an avoidance hole for disassembling and installing the pile body load module.
[0012] According to the present invention, a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection further includes an optical fiber, which is attached to the inner wall of the steel pipe pile body along the axial direction of the steel pipe pile body.
[0013] According to the prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing provided by the present invention, the pile head section is configured as an expandable pile head that can be opened and closed.
[0014] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile, comprising: Produce pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section and ordinary pile body section; Pre-join the pile cap loading section, the upper pile section of the ordinary pile section, the loading pile section, the lower pile section of the ordinary pile section, and the pile head section; The pile top load module in the pile cap loading section is connected to the lower pile body through a connector, and the pre-assembled pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section and ordinary pile body section are fastened into a whole through the pile top load module to obtain the prefabricated steel pipe pile.
[0015] According to a method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile provided by the present invention, before the step of fastening the pre-assembled pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section and common pile body section into a whole by the pile top load module, the method further comprises: Optical fibers are attached to the inner wall of the prefabricated steel pipe pile along the axial direction.
[0016] The present invention provides a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing. By designing a modular prefabricated steel pipe pile as a test pile for a pile foundation bearing capacity testing method based on the reverse self-balancing principle, the structure and operation process of the pile foundation bearing capacity testing device are optimized, and a pile foundation bearing capacity testing device with simple operation and accurate test results is realized, which can be poured and used after the test is completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a pile cap loading section in a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a common pile body section in a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing provided by the present invention; Figure 4 (a) is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the loading pile body section in a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing provided by the present invention; Figure 4(b) a second structural schematic diagram of a loading pile section in a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a pile head section in a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile provided by the present invention.
[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Pile cap loading section; 111. Pile top lower pipe section; 112. Pile top upper pipe section; 12. Pile top cover plate; 131. Pile top upper partition plate; 132. Pile top lower partition plate; 14. Cap plate; 15. Pile top load module; 2. Ordinary pile body section; 21. Upper pile body; 22. Lower pile body; 23. Standard pipe section; 24. Support partition plate; 3. Loading pile body section; 31. Upper shell; 32. Lower shell; 331. Upper support plate; 332. Lower support plate; 34. Pile body load module; 4. Pile head section; 5. Force transmission rod; 6. Optical fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] The following combination Figures 1 to 5 The present invention introduces a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing, comprising a pile cap loading section 1, a common pile body section 2, a loading pile body section 3, and a pile head section 4: The ordinary pile body section 2 includes an upper pile body 21 and a lower pile body 22, and the pile cap loading section 1, the upper pile body 21, the loading pile body section 3, the lower pile body 22 and the pile head section 4 are sequentially connected along the axial direction to form a steel pipe pile body, wherein the pile cap loading section 1 and the upper pile body 21 constitute an upper pile body, and the lower pile body 22 and the pile head section 4 constitute a lower pile body; like Figure 1 As shown, the ordinary pile body section 2 constitutes the pile section of the prefabricated steel pipe pile body, wherein the portion of the loading pile body section 3 close to the pile cap loading section 1 is the upper pile body 21, and the portion of the loading pile body section 3 close to the pile head section 4 is the lower pile body.
[0022] The lengths of the upper pile body 21 and the lower pile body 22 of the ordinary pile body section 2 are determined based on soil parameters. Specifically, since the prefabricated steel pipe pile provided by the present invention is used for pile foundation bearing capacity detection, the pile body bearing capacity of the prefabricated steel pipe pile can be estimated based on the soil parameters of the test position and the design parameters of the prefabricated steel pipe pile, such as the length and weight of the prefabricated steel pipe pile, and the neutral point position of the prefabricated steel pipe pile can be estimated.
[0023] On this basis, the upper pile body 21 and the lower pile body 22 are configured so that the loading pile body section 3 is located at the estimated neutral point position after the steel pipe pile body is spliced.
[0024] Taking the loading pile body section 3 as the boundary, the pile cap loading section 1 and the upper pile body 21 above the loading pile body section 3 are determined as the upper pile body, and the pile head section 4 and the lower pile body 22 below the loading pile body section 3 are determined as the lower pile body, so as to carry out pile foundation bearing capacity testing.
[0025] The loading pile body section 3 includes a pile body load module 34, and the pile body load module 34 is used to drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move away from each other, so as to generate a negative bearing force of the upper pile body and a positive bearing force of the lower pile body; The pile load module 34 is disposed in the loading pile section 3 .
[0026] Optionally, the pile load module 34 can be any form of linear drive component, such as an oil cylinder, an air cylinder or a jack. In this embodiment, a load box is selected, and the loading and unloading of the load box can be achieved by remotely controlling the servo motor of the load box.
[0027] When the load box of the pile body is output, the upper pile body and the lower pile body are driven to move in opposite directions to generate the negative bearing capacity of the upper pile body. Positive bearing capacity of the pile .
[0028] The pile cap loading section 1 is equipped with a pile top load module 15, which is also connected to the lower pile body through a connector. The pile top load module 15 is used to drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move toward each other to obtain the positive bearing capacity of the upper pile body and the negative bearing capacity of the lower pile body.
[0029] The pile top load module 15 is disposed in the pile cap loading section 1 .
[0030] Optionally, the pile top load module 15 may be the same as or different from the pile body load module 34 . In this embodiment, the same load box as the pile body load module 34 is selected as the pile top load module 15 .
[0031] The output end of the load box is connected to the lower pile body through a connector, so that when the load box acts, the lower pile body and the upper pile body are driven by the connector to move toward each other, so as to measure the positive bearing capacity of the upper pile body. and the negative bearing capacity of the pile .
[0032] The connecting piece can be connected to any position inside the lower pile body, such as the lower pile body 22 or the pile head section 4 .
[0033] On this basis, after the prefabricated steel pipe pile provided by the present invention is placed at the target position, the pile body load module 34 is driven to work, and the negative bearing capacity of the pile body is measured. Positive bearing capacity of the pile ; Then drive the pile top load module to work and measure the positive bearing capacity of the pile and the negative bearing capacity of the pile .
[0034] calculate 、 The deadweight of prefabricated steel pipe piles W The difference between the two is taken as the total ultimate vertical compressive bearing capacity of the test pile , .calculate of and the deadweight of prefabricated steel pipe piles W The sum of the two is taken as the total vertical pull-out ultimate bearing capacity of the test pile , , thereby realizing the pile foundation bearing capacity detection based on the reverse self-balancing principle.
[0035] Compared with the existing pile foundation bearing capacity detection device that relies on steel cage and cast-in-place piles, the present invention forms a pile foundation bearing capacity detection device in the form of a steel pipe pile by integrating the pile top load module 15 and the pile body load module 34 into the pile cap loading section 1 and the pile body loading section. The prefabricated steel pipe piles with modular design can be directly used for pile foundation bearing capacity detection after assembly, without the need for segmented pouring to obtain test piles during the test process; and since no pouring is required before the test is completed, there is no need to construct a separate disassembly and assembly channel for the driving device or measuring device required for the test, which simplifies the pile foundation bearing capacity test process based on the reverse self-balancing principle and shortens the test time.
[0036] The present invention designs a modular prefabricated steel pipe pile as a test pile for the pile foundation bearing capacity detection method based on the reverse self-balancing principle, optimizes the structure and operation process of the pile foundation bearing capacity detection device, and realizes a pile foundation bearing capacity detection device that is simple to operate and has accurate test results, and can be poured for use after the detection is completed.
[0037] In the prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection of the present invention, the connecting member is a force transmission rod 5, which axially connects the lower pile body and the load output of the pile top load module 15 inside the steel pipe pile body.
[0038] Optionally, the force transmission rod 5 can be made of high-strength threaded steel bars or prestressed steel strands.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the force transmission rod 5 arranged inside the steel pipe pile body is anchored to the lower pile body, and the other end is connected to the load output end of the pile top load module 15.
[0040] It can be understood that, depending on the type or installation method of the pile top load module 15, the force transmission rod 5 can be connected to the load output end of the pile top load module 15 in a direct or indirect connection manner, so that when the pile top load module 15 outputs, the force transmission rod 5 can pull up the lower pile body and drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move toward each other.
[0041] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the pile cap loading section 1 includes a pile top circular pipe section constituting a prefabricated steel pipe pile body, and the pile top circular pipe section includes a pile top lower pipe section 111 for connecting with the upper pile body 21 .
[0042] A pile cap plate 12 is fixed to the top of the lower pipe section 111, providing support for the prefabricated steel pipe pile during testing. The pile cap plate 12 is a square plate, and the thickness of the pile cap plate 12 and the lower pipe section 111 is thicker than that of the standard pile shaft section 2 to increase bearing capacity. Multiple stiffening plates are evenly spaced around the circumference of the lower pipe section 111 at the connection between the pile cap plate 12 and the lower pipe section 111. These plates strengthen the force transmission path between the cap plate and the pile shaft, improving the load-bearing capacity of the steel pipe pile, and thus meeting the requirements for top pile loading.
[0043] In a feasible embodiment, the pile top cover plate 12 is a square plate and is directly fixed to the top of the pile top lower pipe section 111, and can also be used to install the pile top load module 15; in this embodiment, the pile top cover plate 12 is sleeved and fixed to the outer curved wall of the pile top lower pipe section 111.
[0044] To this end, the pile top lower pipe section 111 is further secured to a pile top lower diaphragm 132 for mounting the pile top load module 15. Optionally, the pile top lower diaphragm 132 may be a circular diaphragm secured to the inner wall of the pile top lower pipe section 111, or preferably, an annular diaphragm. In this embodiment, six load boxes serving as the pile top load modules 15 are mounted on the annular pile top lower diaphragm 132 at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile.
[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, three force transmission rods 5 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile. One end of the force transmission rod 5 is anchored to the inner wall of the pipe section of the pile head section 4, and the other end needs to be connected to the output end of the pile top load module 15, thereby driving the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move toward each other.
[0046] It can be understood that if the number of force transfer rods 5 matches the number of load boxes, the load boxes can be installed in reverse, the output end of the load box can be fixed to the force transfer rod 5, and the force transfer rod 5 can be directly controlled to move axially along the steel pipe pile through the load box.
[0047] In this embodiment, since the number of force transmission rods 5 is different from the number of load boxes, the pile cap loading section 1 also includes an upper pipe section 112 on the pile top corresponding to the lower pipe section 111 on the pile top and a cap plate 14 connected to the top of the upper pipe section 112 on the pile top. The upper pipe section 112 on the pile top and the cap plate 14 together constitute a cap-shaped shell arranged opposite to the lower pipe section 111 on the pile top.
[0048] Optionally, a pile top partition plate 131 is also fixedly connected to one end of the arc-surface inner wall of the pile top pipe section 112 near the cap plate 14, which is used to prevent the pile top pipe section 112 with a shorter pipe length from warping during loading. Its setting method is the same as the connection method between the pile top lower partition wall and the pile top lower pipe section 111, so it will not be repeated here.
[0049] The upper partition 131 on the pile top is fixed to the output end of the load box, and the force transmission rod 5 passes through the upper partition 131 and is fixed to the cap plate 14. On this basis, the output end of the load box extends, which drives the cap-shaped shell as a whole to rise, and indirectly pulls up the force transmission rod 5, which drives the lower pile body and the upper pile body to move toward each other.
[0050] Among them, inside the steel pipe pile, when the aperture of the through hole between the upper partition plate 131 on the pile top and the lower partition plate 132 on the pile top is relatively large, the force transmission rod 5 can directly pass through the through hole between the upper partition plate 131 on the pile top and the lower partition plate 132 on the pile top and be fixed on the cap plate 14; and in this embodiment, the upper partition plate 131 on the pile top and the lower partition plate 132 on the pile top are both provided with through holes corresponding to the number and position of the force transmission rods 5, so as to pass the force transmission rods 5.
[0051] In this way, when the pile top load module 15 is loaded, the force transmission rod 5, which is fixed to the pile head section 4, can be used to drive the upper and lower pile bodies to move toward each other, thereby obtaining the positive bearing capacity of the upper pile body and the negative bearing capacity of the lower pile body. After the test is completed, the force transmission rod 5 can be sheared at the connection between the force transmission rod 5 and the pile head section 4 and then recovered.
[0052] In the prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection of the present invention, the ordinary pile body section 2 includes multiple standard pipe sections 23, and the multiple standard pipe sections 23 can be sequentially connected axially to form an upper pile body 21 and a lower pile body 22.
[0053] In order to facilitate the transportation of steel pipe piles, and at the same time to make the constructed prefabricated steel pipe piles suitable for pile foundation bearing capacity testing under different soil conditions, that is, to facilitate the arrangement of the pile body load module 34 at different positions of the prefabricated steel pipe pile body, the ordinary pile body section 2 in this embodiment is obtained by splicing multiple standard pipe sections 23.
[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the standard pipe section 23 includes a circular pipe section constituting the steel pipe pile body. In order to make the formed steel pipe pile meet the requirements of steel pipe buckling instability and warping instability, a plurality of supporting partitions 24 are fixedly connected to the circular pipe section along the axial direction of the steel pipe pile.
[0055] Optionally, the number of supporting baffles 24 is determined according to the length of the circular pipe segment. Generally, after the steel pipe piles are spliced, the spacing between adjacent supporting baffles 24 is less than three times the outer diameter of the steel pipe piles.
[0056] Optionally, in this embodiment, the support diaphragm 24 is configured in the same manner as the pile top lower diaphragm 132, namely, a circular ring plate fixed to the inner wall of the circular tube segment and having perforations matching the number and position of the force transmission rods 5. The ring width of the support diaphragm 24 can be the same as or different from the ring width of the pile top lower diaphragm 132.
[0057] The present invention forms an upper pile body 21 and a lower pile body 22 by axially splicing multiple standard pipe sections 23. The lengths of the upper pile body 21 and the lower pile body 22 can be flexibly adjusted to facilitate the installation of the loading pile body section 3, thereby realizing a modular prefabricated steel pipe pile.
[0058] In a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing according to the present invention, the loading pile segment 3 further comprises an upper loading pile segment 3 and a lower loading pile segment 3, and a pile body load module 34 is disposed between the upper loading pile segment 3 and the lower loading pile segment 3, for adjusting the axial spacing between the upper loading pile segment 3 and the lower loading pile segment 3; The upper loading pile body segment 3 is fixed to or in contact with the upper pile body 21 , and the lower loading pile body segment 3 is fixed to or in contact with the lower pile body 22 .
[0059] When conducting pile foundation bearing capacity testing based on the reverse self-balancing method, it is necessary to load the pile body to drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move away from each other. Although the pile body load module 34 can be directly installed on the uppermost support partition 24 of the lower pile body 22, and the output end of the pile body load module 34 is abutted against the lowermost support partition 24 of the upper pile body 21, the upper pile body and the lower pile body are directly driven to move away from each other when the pile body load module 34 outputs.
[0060] However, in order to facilitate the transportation and installation of prefabricated steel pipe piles and achieve a more optimized modular design, the loading pile body segment 3 in this embodiment includes an upper loading pile body segment 3 and a lower loading pile body segment 3, wherein the upper loading pile body segment 3 is connected to the upper pile body 21 in a fixed or contacting manner, and the lower loading pile body segment 3 is connected to the lower pile body 22 in a fixed or contacting manner. When the pile body load module 34 is not detected, the upper loading pile body segment 3 is in contact with the lower loading pile body, and together they form an accommodating space for the installation of the pile body load module 34.
[0061] Optionally, during transportation or installation of the steel pipe pile, the upper loading pile segment 3 and the lower loading pile segment 3 can be temporarily fixed by, for example, tying to form a complete loading pile segment 3; during testing, the pile body load module 34 outputs that the tying piece can be disconnected to move the upper pile body and the lower pile body away from each other.
[0062] In a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing of the present invention, the upper loading pile body section 3 includes an upper shell 31 and an upper support plate 331 fixed in the upper shell 31, and the upper shell 31 is fixed to or in contact with the upper pile body 21; The pile load module 34 is disposed inside the upper housing 31 .
[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment includes an upper shell 31 constituting the steel pipe pile body, and an upper support plate 331 fixedly connected to the upper shell 31. Optionally, the upper shell 31 is a round tube with the same inner diameter and thickness as the round tube section of the ordinary pile body section 2, so as to facilitate connection with the ordinary pile body section 2 to form an integral whole.
[0064] Optionally, the upper support plate 331 may be a circular plate to provide force support for the loading end of the pile load module 34 .
[0065] Optionally, the lower loading pile section 3 in this embodiment is similar, including a lower shell 32 constituting the steel pipe pile body, and a lower support plate 332 fixed within the lower shell 32. When the steel pipe pile is installed, the upper pile body 21, upper shell 31, lower shell 32, and lower pile body 22 are connected in the same manner, with adjacent sections all touching.
[0066] When the upper shell 31 and the lower shell 32 are in contact with each other, a space for placing the pile load module 34 is formed between the upper support plate 331 and the lower support plate 332 .
[0067] Among them, when the upper support plate 331 and the lower support plate 332 are both circular plates, the upper support plate 331 and the lower support plate 332 are each provided with through holes corresponding to the number and position of the force transmission rods 5, so that the force transmission rods 5 extend from the through holes and are anchored to the pile head section 4.
[0068] In the prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection of the present invention, the pile body load module 34 is detachable, and the upper support plate 331 is provided with an escape hole for the pile body load module 34 to be disassembled and installed.
[0069] Preferably, in order to facilitate the recovery of the pile load module 24 for reuse after testing, the pile load module 34 can be detachably mounted on the lower support plate 332 .
[0070] At the same time, an escape hole is opened on the upper support plate 331 for the pile load module 34 to be disassembled and installed in and out, so that the pile load module 34 can be removed by hoisting through the escape hole after the test is completed.
[0071] Optionally, the avoidance hole may be of any shape as long as it can facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the pile load module 34 .
[0072] Optionally, the lower support plate 332 may be a circular plate to stably support the pile load module 34 .
[0073] As a preference, Figure 4 As shown, the pile body load module 34 comprises six load boxes, and the avoidance holes are circular holes. That is, the upper support plate 331 is a circular ring plate, and the lower support plate 332 is a circular ring plate with the same shape, material, and thickness as the upper support plate. The six load boxes serving as the pile body load module 34 are installed at intervals along the circumference of the pile body on the lower support plate 332 near the upper support plate 331. When the load boxes are loaded, the output ends of the load boxes abut against the upper support plate 331.
[0074] At the same time, the upper diaphragm 131 and the lower diaphragm 132 of the pile cap loading section 1 and the support diaphragm 24 of the ordinary pile body section 2 are all circular plates with the same design as the upper support plate 331, which facilitates the production and installation of steel pipe piles and achieves a better standardized design.
[0075] On this basis, if Figure 5 As shown, the pile head section 4 in this embodiment is generally conical, with its diameter gradually decreasing as it moves away from the pile cap loading section 1. This reduces pile end resistance and facilitates pile burial. Optionally, stiffening ribs can be added to the pile head section 4 to increase the pile end's bearing capacity.
[0076] Preferably, the pile head section 4 can also be an expandable pile head that can be adjusted to open and close. The expandable pile head includes but is not limited to a mechanical expansion pile head, an electronically controlled expansion pile head or any other existing pile head that can maintain contraction during the pile end burying in the soil and expand after the pile body is buried in the soil to increase the bearing capacity.
[0077] In the above manner, the steel pipe pile body can be prefabricated by sequentially connecting the pile cap loading section 1, the upper pile body 21, the loading pile body section 3, the lower pile body 22 and the pile head section 4. The pile body and the pile top can be loaded through the load box of the loading pile body section 3 and the pile cap loading section 1, thereby realizing the pile foundation bearing capacity detection based on the reverse self-balancing method.
[0078] The prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection of the present invention further comprises an optical fiber 6, which is attached to the inner wall of the steel pipe pile body along the axial direction of the steel pipe pile body.
[0079] Although the displacement between the upper pile body and the lower pile body can be characterized by measuring and recording the strain of the force transmission rod 5 during the pile foundation bearing capacity test, it is also preferred to use an optical fiber 6 attached to the steel pipe pile body to record the strain of the optical fiber 6 during the pile foundation bearing capacity test, so as to obtain more intuitive deformation data of each segment of the steel pipe pile, and calculate more characteristic parameters related to the pile foundation bearing capacity based on the deformation data directly generated by the steel pipe pile body.
[0080] In a specific embodiment, three optical fibers 6 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the steel pipe pile body in the circumferential direction, and the length direction of the optical fiber 6 is parallel to the axial direction of the steel pipe pile. The strain data of each optical fiber 6 is obtained during the detection process to calculate other characteristic parameters such as the friction resistance of the pile body.
[0081] Among them, the edges of the upper partition plate 131 on the pile top, the lower partition plate 132 on the pile top, the support partition plate 24, the upper support plate 331 and the lower support plate 332 are all provided with notches corresponding to the position and number of optical fibers 6. The notches at multiple corresponding positions along the axial direction of the steel pipe pile and the inner side wall of the steel pipe pile body together form an accommodating channel for the corresponding optical fibers 6 to be arranged.
[0082] The following describes a method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile provided by the present invention. The method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile described below and the prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection described above can correspond to each other.
[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, a method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile includes: Step 601, making a pile cap loading section, a loaded pile body section, a pile head section and a common pile body section; A pile cap loading section, a loading pile body section and a pile head section are processed and manufactured separately.
[0084] The upper pile body section and the lower pile body section of the ordinary pile body section are processed separately to obtain the ordinary pile body section.
[0085] Optionally, the common pile body section includes multiple standard pipe sections, and multiple standard pipe sections are processed. According to the design drawings of the prefabricated steel pipe pile and the soil parameters of the test area, the pile body bearing capacity of the steel pipe pile is estimated, and the neutral point position of the pile foundation is estimated.
[0086] The lengths of the upper and lower pile sections are determined based on the neutral point position of the pile foundation, and the number of standard pipe sections required to connect the upper and lower pile sections is determined. The upper and lower pile sections are obtained by splicing the corresponding number of standard pipe sections.
[0087] Optionally, the loading pile segment includes an upper loading pile segment and a lower loading pile segment, and a pile load module disposed within the space enclosed by the upper and lower loading pile segments. The pile load module utilizes load boxes, and the required number of load boxes is estimated based on the estimated pile bearing capacity and selected load box parameters. After the load boxes are installed in the lower loading pile segment, the upper and lower loading pile segments are temporarily secured together using temporary securing straps to form the loading pile segment.
[0088] Step 602: pre-joining the pile cap loading section, the upper pile body of the common pile body section, the loading pile body section, the lower pile body of the common pile body section, and the pile head section; The prefabricated steel pipe piles are pre-spliced in the order of pile cap loading section, upper pile body, loading pile body section, lower pile body section and pile head section to form a whole steel pipe pile.
[0089] Step 603: Connect the pile top load module in the pile cap loading section to the lower pile body through a connector, and fasten the pre-assembled pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section and ordinary pile body section into a whole through the pile top load module to obtain the prefabricated steel pipe pile.
[0090] Optionally, the connecting member is a force transmission rod.
[0091] The force transmission rod is extended into the interior of the pre-assembled steel pipe pile as a whole, and one end of the force transmission rod close to the pile head section is anchored to the pile head section; after connecting the other end of the force transmission rod to the output end of the pile top load module, the output end of the pile top load module is loaded, so that the force transmission rod tightens the pre-assembled steel pipe pile as a whole to obtain a prefabricated steel pipe pile. At this time, the obtained steel pipe pile can be sunk to the detection area for testing the bearing capacity of the pile foundation.
[0092] In the method for manufacturing prefabricated steel pipe piles of the present invention, before the step of fastening the pre-assembled pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section, and common pile body section into a whole by the pile top load module, the method further includes: Optical fibers are attached to the inner wall of the prefabricated steel pipe pile along the axial direction.
[0093] The prefabricated steel pipe pile also includes optical fibers for monitoring deformation of various parts of the pile body during the pile foundation bearing capacity testing process.
[0094] After the prefabricated steel pipe pile segments are pre-joined, optical fibers are installed along the pile's axial direction. Once the fibers are installed, the pile segments are tightened using the pile top load module and connectors to create the prefabricated steel pipe pile.
[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing, characterized in that: It includes pile cap loading section, ordinary pile body section, loaded pile body section and pile head section: The ordinary pile body section includes an upper pile body and a lower pile body, and the pile cap loading section, the upper pile body, the loading pile body section, the lower pile body and the pile head section are sequentially connected along the axial direction to form a steel pipe pile body, wherein the pile cap loading section and the upper pile body constitute an upper pile body, and the lower pile body and the pile head section constitute a lower pile body; The loading pile body section includes a pile body load module, and the pile body load module is used to drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move away from each other, so as to generate a negative bearing force of the upper pile body and a positive bearing force of the lower pile body; The pile cap loading section is equipped with a pile top load module, which is also connected to the lower pile body through a connecting piece. The pile top load module is used to drive the upper pile body and the lower pile body to move toward each other to obtain the positive bearing capacity of the upper pile body and the negative bearing capacity of the lower pile body.
2. A prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting piece is a force transmission rod, which connects the lower pile body and the load output of the pile top load module along the axial direction inside the steel pipe pile body.
3. The prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The common pile body section includes a plurality of standard pipe sections, which can be sequentially connected along the axial direction to form an upper pile body section and a lower pile body section.
4. The prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading pile body segment further comprises an upper loading pile body segment and a lower loading pile body segment, and a pile body load module is arranged between the upper loading pile body segment and the lower loading pile body segment, and is used to adjust the axial distance between the upper loading pile body segment and the lower loading pile body segment; The upper loading pile body section is fixed to or in contact with the upper pile body, and the lower loading pile body section is fixed to or in contact with the lower pile body.
5. The prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper loading pile body section includes an upper shell and an upper support plate fixed in the upper shell, and the upper shell is fixed or in contact with the upper pile body; The pile load module is arranged inside the upper shell.
6. The prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pile body load module is detachable, and an escape hole for disassembling and installing the pile body load module is provided on the upper support plate.
7. A prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes an optical fiber, which is attached to the inner wall of the steel pipe pile body along the axial direction of the steel pipe pile body.
8. A prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity detection according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The pile head section is configured as an expandable pile head that can be opened and closed.
9. A method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile, characterized in that: A method for installing a prefabricated steel pipe pile capable of performing reverse self-balancing pile foundation bearing capacity testing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: Produce pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section and ordinary pile body section; Pre-join the pile cap loading section, the upper pile section of the ordinary pile section, the loading pile section, the lower pile section of the ordinary pile section, and the pile head section; The pile top load module in the pile cap loading section is connected to the lower pile body through a connector, and the pre-assembled pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section and ordinary pile body section are fastened into a whole through the pile top load module to obtain the prefabricated steel pipe pile.
10. The method for manufacturing a prefabricated steel pipe pile according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before the step of fastening the pre-assembled pile cap loading section, loading pile body section, pile head section and common pile body section into a whole by the pile top load module, the method further comprises: Optical fibers are attached to the inner wall of the prefabricated steel pipe pile along the axial direction.