Underwater rock-soil drilling device and underwater rock-soil exploration method

Abstract

The application discloses underwater rock-soil drilling equipment and an underwater rock-soil exploration method, and relates to the technical field of sampling equipment.The application comprises a supporting cylinder, a moving disc is slidably connected in the supporting cylinder, a sampling cylinder is arranged in the moving disc, a drill rod is arranged in the sampling cylinder, and a conveying auger is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill rod; and a driving assembly is arranged in the supporting cylinder.The application realizes the all-around sampling capacity of the underwater rock-soil drilling equipment through the design of the driving assembly, the driving system composed of a first hydraulic rod, a supporting disc, a circular ring and a first motor cooperates with the synergetic effect of a guide rail ring and a positioning rod, so that the sampling cylinder can be adjusted in multiple angles, the structure enables the drill rod to be adjusted at any drilling position within the coverage range of the supporting cylinder, the sampling efficiency is significantly improved, and multiple-position sampling can be completed at one time, and reliable data support is provided for the spatial heterogeneity research of underwater geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sampling equipment technology, and in particular relates to underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods. Background Technology

[0002] Underwater rock and soil drilling is a technique that uses specialized equipment to sample soil and rock at the bottom of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, and to conduct engineering geological surveys. It obtains undisturbed soil and rock samples at the target depth or conducts in-hole tests (such as standard penetration tests). The technique needs to be adapted to complex hydrological conditions and solve problems such as positioning accuracy, borehole wall stability, and sample contamination control. It is widely used in the basic survey of marine engineering projects such as cross-sea bridges, subsea tunnels, and offshore wind power, and is a key preliminary step in marine resource development and underwater infrastructure construction.

[0003] A Chinese patent application (or patent) with publication number CN221481883U discloses an underwater rock and soil drilling equipment, including a housing. A protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing, and a rubber ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the protective cylinder. A sealing component for preventing water from entering the housing is provided between the housing and the protective cylinder. The housing contains drilling components for sampling. This solves the problem that although current drilling equipment can drill and sample rocks and extract water, the sealing performance of the partition is poor, and external water can easily enter the housing through the partition, which can easily corrode the internal components of the housing after long-term use.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned device still has the following problems in the implementation process: In current underwater drilling operations, the drill rod can only achieve up and down reciprocating motion in a single direction by being driven by a cylinder. As a result, each drilling and sampling can only obtain soil and rock samples on a fixed vertical path. Due to the lack of lateral displacement adjustment function, the drill bit always drills repeatedly around the same position, making it difficult to cover the soil layer differences in the area surrounding the sampling point. This limitation makes it impossible to effectively capture the soil stratification characteristics, pollutant distribution, or changes in physical and mechanical parameters in adjacent areas through single-point sampling, which greatly restricts the comprehensive assessment of the spatial heterogeneity of underwater geological conditions.

[0005] To address these issues, we provide underwater drilling equipment and underwater exploration methods. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods. By coordinating the drive component, drilling component and drainage component, it solves the problem that existing underwater rock and soil drilling equipment can only obtain rock and soil samples on a fixed vertical path each time it drills, which has great limitations.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0008] This invention relates to underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods, including a support cylinder, a movable disk slidably connected inside the support cylinder, a sampling cylinder inside the movable disk, a drill rod inside the sampling cylinder, and a conveying auger fixedly connected to the surface of the drill rod; a drive assembly inside the support cylinder, the drive assembly including a first hydraulic rod inside the support cylinder, a support disk installed at the output end of the first hydraulic rod, a ring movably connected to the surface of the support disk, a first motor installed at the bottom of the support disk, and an adjusting disk installed at the bottom of the ring, the drive assembly adjusting the drilling position of the drill rod; a drilling assembly inside the support cylinder, the drilling assembly including a second hydraulic rod installed at the top of the sampling cylinder, a sealing plate slidably connected inside the sampling cylinder, and a second motor installed at the top of the sealing plate, the drilling assembly sampling rock and soil at different depths; and a drainage assembly inside the support cylinder, the drainage assembly including a drainage pump installed inside the support cylinder and a suction pipe connected to the inlet of the drainage pump, the drainage assembly pumping out water within the rock and soil drilling range.

[0009] The invention is further configured such that a guide rail ring is fixedly connected to the top of the circular ring, the guide rail ring is slidably connected to the inner walls of the moving disk and the support disk respectively, and the surface of the sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular ring.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a positioning rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and the surface of the positioning rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment disc.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that a storage shell is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile disk, and a partition is fixedly connected inside the storage shell.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a bracket is fixedly connected to the surface of the first hydraulic rod, and guide rail plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the bracket, with the top of the guide rail plates fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support cylinder.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that a support rod is slidably connected inside the guide rail plate, and the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0014] The invention is further configured such that the output end of the second hydraulic rod extends through the inside of the sampling cylinder and is fixedly connected to a connecting frame, and the other side of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to a sealing plate.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that a discharge pipe is connected to one side of the sampling cylinder, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the drill rod.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that a connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the support cylinder, a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support cylinder, a crossbar is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder, an insert rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the crossbar, a sealing door is installed on the surface of the support cylinder, and a counterweight is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder.

[0017] Underwater rock and soil exploration methods include the following steps;

[0018] S1: The staff connects the support cylinder to the external lifting equipment through the connecting seat. The external lifting equipment is used to sink the support cylinder into the water layer. After the support cylinder moves down and contacts the bottom of the water, the counterweight increases the load on the support cylinder. The sealing ring seals the support cylinder and the soil layer.

[0019] S2: Then start the drainage pump to pump out the water remaining at the bottom of the support cylinder, causing the soil layer at the bottom to leak out. Then start the first hydraulic rod. The first hydraulic rod, together with the support plate, drives the positioning rod to contact the soil layer first. Then start the first motor. The first motor drives the positioning rod to rotate and insert it into the soil layer to play a positioning role and maintain the stability of the support cylinder.

[0020] S3: Continue to start the first motor. The first motor, in conjunction with the positioning rod, drives the adjusting plate and the ring to rotate. The ring drives the sampling cylinder to rotate, which can adjust the sampling position. After adjusting to the designated position, the first hydraulic rod can be controlled to drive the support plate to move downward. The support plate drives the ring and the sampling cylinder to move. When the sampling cylinder contacts the soil layer, start the second hydraulic rod and the second motor. The second motor, in conjunction with the drill rod, drives the conveying auger to rotate. The second hydraulic rod, in conjunction with the connecting frame, drives the sealing plate to move. The sealing plate pushes the drill rod and the conveying auger to move downward, conveying the drilled soil upward. It is discharged into the receiving shell through the discharge pipe, realizing the function of group storage. It can drill soil and rock at multiple drilling points, improving sampling efficiency.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0022] 1. This invention achieves omnidirectional sampling capability for underwater rock and soil drilling equipment through the design of the drive component. The drive system, composed of a first hydraulic rod, support plate, ring, and first motor, works in conjunction with the guide rail ring and positioning rod to enable the sampling cylinder to rotate and adjust at multiple angles. This overcomes the limitation of traditional drilling equipment that can only perform single-point vertical sampling. This structure allows the drill rod to be adjusted arbitrarily within the coverage area of ​​the support cylinder, enabling continuous acquisition of rock and soil samples from different points within the same working area. This design significantly improves sampling efficiency, allowing multiple sampling locations to be completed in a single descent, avoiding repeated lifting and lowering operations. At the same time, it ensures the comparative analysis value of samples from different points, providing reliable data support for the study of spatial heterogeneity of underwater geological conditions.

[0023] 2. This invention provides dual protection through a sealing ring at the bottom of the support cylinder, a drainage pump, and a suction pipe. On one hand, a dry working chamber is formed through a mechanical seal; on the other hand, active drainage eliminates water pressure interference. This design allows the drill rod to operate in a near-land environment, avoiding water erosion and contamination of the soil and rock samples. The design of the storage shell and partitions enables grouped storage of samples, facilitating subsequent analysis and research. The counterweight ensures the stability of the equipment underwater. Through the synergistic effect of these structures, this invention not only enables multi-point and multi-angle soil and rock sampling but also adapts to complex underwater environments, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of underwater soil and rock exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the support cylinder used in underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the moving disk, support disk, and ring in underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation of a circular ring in underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the sampling tube used in underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second hydraulic rod and the connecting frame in underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the contact between the bottom of the support cylinder and the soil layer in underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of drilling rod extraction in underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods.

[0033] In the attached diagram: 1. Support cylinder; 2. Moving disc; 3. Sampling cylinder; 4. Drill rod; 5. Conveying auger; 6. First hydraulic rod; 7. Support disc; 8. Ring; 9. First motor; 10. Adjusting disc; 11. Second hydraulic rod; 12. Sealing plate; 13. Second motor; 14. Drain pump; 15. Suction pipe; 16. Guide rail ring; 17. Positioning rod; 18. Storage shell; 19. Partition plate; 20. Bracket; 21. Guide rail plate; 22. Support rod; 23. Connecting frame; 24. Discharge pipe; 25. Connecting seat; 26. Sealing ring; 27. Crossbar; 28. Insert rod; 29. ​​Sealing door; 30. Counterweight. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please see Figures 1-8 This invention relates to underwater rock and soil drilling equipment and underwater rock and soil exploration methods, comprising a support cylinder 1, a movable disk 2 slidably connected inside the support cylinder 1, a sampling cylinder 3 disposed inside the movable disk 2, a drill rod 4 disposed inside the sampling cylinder 3, and a conveying auger 5 fixedly connected to the surface of the drill rod 4; a drive assembly is disposed inside the support cylinder 1, the drive assembly including a first hydraulic rod 6 disposed inside the support cylinder 1, a support disk 7 installed at the output end of the first hydraulic rod 6, a ring 8 movably connected to the surface of the support disk 7, a first motor 9 installed at the bottom of the support disk 7, and an adjusting disk installed at the bottom of the ring 8. 10. The drilling position of the drill rod 4 is adjusted by the drive component; a drilling component is provided inside the support cylinder 1, which includes a second hydraulic rod 11 installed on the top of the sampling cylinder 3, a sealing plate 12 slidably connected inside the sampling cylinder 3, and a second motor 13 installed on the top of the sealing plate 12. The drilling component is used to sample soil and rock at different depths; a drainage component is provided inside the support cylinder 1, which includes a drainage pump 14 installed inside the support cylinder 1 and a suction pipe 15 connected to the inlet of the drainage pump 14. The drainage component is used to extract water from the soil and rock drilling range.

[0037] Specifically: The support cylinder 1 forms a closed space by tightly contacting the soil layer through the bottom sealing ring 26 to prevent external water from seeping in. The moving disk 2 is slidably connected inside the support cylinder 1 and can be adjusted along the axis. It works with the drive assembly to realize the vertical displacement of the sampling cylinder 3 to adapt to the sampling needs of soil and rock at different depths. The conveying auger 5 and the drill rod 4 are set inside the sampling cylinder 3. When the drill rod 4 rotates, the conveying auger 5 conveys the soil and rock sample upward to prevent the sample from being washed away by water flow and to ensure the integrity of the sample. The hydraulically driven support disk 7 moves up and down, driving the ring 8 and the sampling cylinder 3 to rise and fall as a whole, realizing the initial positioning of the drill rod 4.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Please see Figures 1-8 Based on Example 1, a guide rail ring 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the ring 8. The guide rail ring 16 is slidably connected to the inner walls of the moving disk 2 and the support disk 7 respectively. The surface of the sampling cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring 8. A positioning rod 17 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 9. The surface of the positioning rod 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting disk 10. A storage shell 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving disk 2. A partition 19 is fixedly connected inside the storage shell 18. A bracket 20 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first hydraulic rod 6. Guide rail plates 21 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bracket 20. The top of the guide rail plate 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support cylinder 1. A support rod 22 is slidably connected inside the guide rail plate 21. The other end of the support rod 22 is fixedly connected to the support disk 7.

[0040] Specifically: the circular ring 8 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support cylinder 1 via the guide ring 16, allowing the sampling cylinder 3 to be rotated and adjusted at multiple angles, breaking through the limitation of single-point sampling and covering the geological differences of the surrounding area. The second motor 13 drives the drill rod 4 to rotate at high speed, and in conjunction with the conveying auger 5, the rock and soil are continuously lifted to the discharge pipe 24, realizing layered sampling and automatic discharge, reducing manual intervention. The drilled samples are diverted through the discharge pipe 24 to the partition 19 of the storage shell 18 to separate areas, realizing independent storage of multi-point samples.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Please see Figures 1-8 Based on Embodiments 1 and 2, the output end of the second hydraulic rod 11 extends into the sampling cylinder 3 and is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 23. The other side of the connecting frame 23 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 12. A discharge pipe 24 is connected to one side of the sampling cylinder 3. The output end of the second motor 13 is fixedly connected to the drill rod 4. A connecting seat 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the support cylinder 1. A sealing ring 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support cylinder 1. A crossbar 27 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder 1. An insert rod 28 is fixedly connected to the other side of the crossbar 27. A sealing door 29 is installed on the surface of the support cylinder 1. A counterweight 30 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support cylinder 1.

[0043] Specifically: the drainage pump 14 and the suction pipe 15 quickly drain the water accumulated at the bottom of the support cylinder 1 before the drill rod 4 is operated, forming a dry working environment, ensuring the original state of the soil and rock samples, and avoiding water pressure disturbance that could damage the soil structure. The crossbar 27 and the insertion rod 28 extend to the outside of the support cylinder 1. The insertion rod 28 is inserted into the soil layer for auxiliary fixation, enhancing the equipment's resistance to water flow impact. The counterweight 30 increases the weight at the bottom, ensuring that the equipment maintains a vertical posture in turbulent water conditions and improving drilling accuracy.

[0044] The working principle of this invention is as follows: the worker connects the support cylinder 1 to the external lifting equipment through the connecting seat 25, and uses the external lifting equipment to sink the support cylinder 1 into the water layer. After the support cylinder 1 moves downward and contacts the bottom of the water, the counterweight block 30 increases the load on the support cylinder 1, and the sealing ring 26 seals the support cylinder 1 and the soil layer.

[0045] Then, the drainage pump 14 is started, which pumps out the water remaining at the bottom of the support cylinder 1, causing the soil layer at the bottom of the water to leak out. Then, the first hydraulic rod 6 is started. The first hydraulic rod 6, together with the support plate 7, drives the positioning rod 17 to contact the soil layer first. Then, the first motor 9 is started, which drives the positioning rod 17 to rotate and insert it into the soil layer to play a positioning role and maintain the stability of the support cylinder 1.

[0046] The first motor 9 is started again. The first motor 9, together with the positioning rod 17, drives the adjusting plate 10 and the ring 8 to rotate. The ring 8 drives the sampling cylinder 3 to rotate, which can adjust the sampling position. After adjusting to the designated position, the first hydraulic rod 6 can be controlled to drive the support plate 7 to move downward. The support plate 7 drives the ring 8 and the sampling cylinder 3 to move. When the sampling cylinder 3 contacts the soil layer, the second hydraulic rod 11 and the second motor 13 are started. The second motor 13, together with the drill rod 4, drives the conveying auger 5 to rotate. The second hydraulic rod 11, together with the connecting frame 23, drives the sealing plate 12 to move. The sealing plate 12 pushes the drill rod 4 and the conveying auger 5 to move downward, conveying the drilled soil upward. It is discharged into the receiving shell 18 through the discharge pipe 24 to achieve the function of group storage. It can drill soil and rock at multiple drilling points and improve sampling efficiency.

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation described herein. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. Underwater rock and soil drilling equipment, including a support cylinder (1), characterized in that: The support cylinder (1) is slidably connected to a movable disk (2), the movable disk (2) is provided with a sampling cylinder (3), the sampling cylinder (3) is provided with a drill rod (4), and a conveying auger (5) is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill rod (4). The support cylinder (1) is equipped with a drive assembly, which includes a first hydraulic rod (6) disposed inside the support cylinder (1), a support plate (7) installed at the output end of the first hydraulic rod (6), a ring (8) movably connected to the surface of the support plate (7), a first motor (9) installed at the bottom of the support plate (7), and an adjustment plate (10) installed at the bottom of the ring (8). The drilling position of the drill rod (4) is adjusted by the drive assembly. The support cylinder (1) is equipped with a drilling assembly, which includes a second hydraulic rod (11) installed on the top of the sampling cylinder (3), a sealing plate (12) slidably connected inside the sampling cylinder (3), and a second motor (13) installed on the top of the sealing plate (12). The drilling assembly is used to sample soil and rock at different depths. The support cylinder (1) is equipped with a drainage assembly, which includes a drainage pump (14) installed inside the support cylinder (1) and a suction pipe (15) connected to the inlet of the drainage pump (14). The drainage assembly is used to extract water from the rock and soil drilling range. The top of the ring (8) is fixedly connected to a guide ring (16), which is slidably connected to the inner walls of the moving disk (2) and the support disk (7) respectively, and the surface of the sampling cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring (8). The output end of the first motor (9) is fixedly connected to a positioning rod (17), and the surface of the positioning rod (17) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment plate (10); The top of the support cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (25), the bottom of the support cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a sealing ring (26), the surface of the support cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a crossbar (27), the other side of the crossbar (27) is fixedly connected to an insert rod (28), the surface of the support cylinder (1) is installed with a sealing door (29), and the surface of the support cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a counterweight (30).

2. The underwater rock and soil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mobile disk (2) is fixedly connected to a storage shell (18), and a partition (19) is fixedly connected inside the storage shell (18).

3. The underwater rock and soil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hydraulic rod (6) is fixedly connected to a bracket (20), and guide rail plates (21) are fixedly connected to both sides of the bracket (20). The top of the guide rail plate (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support cylinder (1).

4. The underwater rock and soil drilling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide rail plate (21) has a support rod (22) slidably connected inside, and the other end of the support rod (22) is fixedly connected to the support plate (7).

5. The underwater rock and soil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the second hydraulic rod (11) extends into the sampling cylinder (3) and is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (23). The other side of the connecting frame (23) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (12).

6. The underwater rock and soil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling tube (3) is connected to a discharge pipe (24) on one side, and the output end of the second motor (13) is fixedly connected to the drill rod (4).

7. An underwater rock and soil exploration method, employing the underwater rock and soil drilling equipment described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; S1: The staff connects the support cylinder (1) to the external hoisting equipment through the connecting seat (25), and uses the external hoisting equipment to sink the support cylinder (1) into the water layer. After the support cylinder (1) moves down and contacts the bottom of the water, the counterweight (30) increases the load on the support cylinder (1), and the sealing ring (26) seals the support cylinder (1) and the soil layer. S2: Then start the drainage pump (14), the drainage pump (14) will pump out the water remaining at the bottom of the support cylinder (1) and make the soil at the bottom of the water leak out. Then start the first hydraulic rod (6), the first hydraulic rod (6) will work with the support plate (7) to drive the positioning rod (17) to contact the soil first. Then start the first motor (9), the first motor (9) will drive the positioning rod (17) to rotate and insert into the soil to play a positioning role and maintain the stability of the support cylinder (1). S3: Continue to start the first motor (9). The first motor (9) and the positioning rod (17) drive the adjustment plate (10) and the ring (8) to rotate. The ring (8) drives the sampling cylinder (3) to rotate. The sampling position can be adjusted. After adjusting to the specified position, the first hydraulic rod (6) can be controlled to drive the support plate (7) to move downward. The support plate (7) drives the ring (8) and the sampling cylinder (3) to move. When the sampling cylinder (3) contacts the soil layer, start the second hydraulic rod (11) and the second motor (13). The second motor (13) and the drill rod (4) drive the conveying auger (5) to rotate. The second hydraulic rod (11) and the connecting frame (23) drive the sealing plate (12) to move. The sealing plate (12) pushes the drill rod (4) and the conveying auger (5) to move downward, and the drilled soil is conveyed upward. It is discharged into the collection shell (18) through the discharge pipe (24) to achieve the function of group storage. It can drill the soil and rock at multiple drilling points and improve the sampling efficiency.

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