Mechanical adjustable roadway roof cutting pressure relief device

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical adjustable roadway roof-cutting pressure relief device, and relates to the technical field of roadway construction, the mechanical adjustable roadway roof-cutting pressure relief device comprises a crawler-type vehicle, a supporting structure, a primer detonator, a detonating cord, a plurality of stemming, two wires and a cable, the two wires penetrate through the detonating cord, a plug-in assembly is arranged between the two wires and the crawler-type vehicle, and the plug-in assembly is arranged between the two wires and the crawler-type vehicle. An angle control structure is supported on the supporting structure, a position control structure and a material carrying structure are supported on the angle control structure, thrust is accurately applied to stemming according to preset data, and the situations that fatigue is caused by high-strength work of workers, and the stemming filling compactness cannot meet the blasting design requirement are reduced; the inclination angle of the second hydraulic cylinder and the material carrying support are synchronously adjusted, in the process of filling stemming into the inclined drill hole, the situation that the outer wall of the drill hole is damaged cannot occur, and the situation that the drill hole is widened is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel roof pressure relief devices, along with their associated equipment, are used in coal, metal, or tunnel projects to control surrounding rock pressure and maintain roadway stability. The core concept is to alter the stress state and structure of the roadway roof or sidewalls through human intervention, transferring concentrated stress to deeper rock formations or goafs. This reduces the load on the roadway support structure and prevents excessive deformation or even collapse.

[0003] When using the gob-side entry retention method for coal mining, high roof pressure in the mining area can lead to severe roadway deformation. In these situations, deep-hole roof-cutting and pressure-relieving blasting is often used. Pre-splitting roof-cutting blasting is performed on the subcritical stratum at the advanced working face, or deep-hole blasting is performed at other locations. Traditionally, taphole mud filling involves using pre-made taphole mud with a diameter 15-25 mm smaller than the drilled hole. To ensure the density of the mud filling, no holes are punched after blasting, and only 400 mm sections are used for filling.

[0004] During the manual filling and tamping process of gun mud, workers need to place the gun mud and then tamp it repeatedly. However, the coal mining face needs to advance about four meters in a working day, and more than eight holes need to be blasted every day. Usually, the gun mud filling length of deep hole blasting is not less than one-third of the total hole depth. Therefore, the construction step of tamping the gun mud during deep hole blasting is extremely labor-intensive, and the labor intensity and working time of workers are high. It is easy for the front and rear gun mud to be unevenly stressed, and the density of the gun mud cannot be guaranteed. Punching often occurs after blasting because the gun mud is not filled densely enough, causing safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a mechanically adjustable tunnel top cutting and pressure relief device, comprising a tracked vehicle, a supporting structure, a detonating cap, a detonating cord, a plurality of gun muds, two electric wires and an electric cable, the two electric wires being passed through the detonating cord, a plug-in assembly being provided between the two electric wires and the tracked vehicle, an angle control structure being supported on the supporting structure, a position control structure and a loading structure being supported on the angle control structure, the angle control structure comprising two guide rails one, a forward and reverse motor two and an electromagnet, a transposition assembly being provided between the two guide rails one and the position control structure and the loading structure, an adjustment assembly being provided between the forward and reverse motor two and the two guide rails one, the position control structure comprising a guide rail two, a hydraulic cylinder two, four fixed frames five and four pneumatic cylinders one, a sliding position control assembly being provided between the hydraulic cylinder two and the guide rail two, and the loading structure comprising a loading bracket and an opening and closing assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the support structure includes a sliding seat 1 that is slidably installed inside the tracked vehicle, a fence that is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat 1, and an empty groove set at the bottom of the fence. The top of the sliding seat 1 is provided with multiple threaded grooves, and the empty groove is opened at the top of the sliding seat 1. The bottom ends of the position control structure and the loading structure both pass through the empty groove and extend to the bottom of the sliding seat 1. The forward and reverse motor 2 and the electromagnet are both fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat 1.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment component includes a fixing frame three fixedly connected to the output end of the forward and reverse motor two, a fixing frame two fixedly connected to the top side of the fixing frame three, and a forward and reverse motor one fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame two, the output end of the forward and reverse motor one is fixedly connected to one of the guide rails one, and a transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the guide rail one away from the forward and reverse motor one, two brakes two are sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft, a fixing frame one is fixedly connected between the two brakes two, and the fixing frame one is fixedly connected to the fixing frame three.

[0009] Preferably, two connecting plates 1 are fixedly connected between the two guide rails 1, a plurality of support rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame 3, universal wheels are rotatably installed at the bottom of the plurality of support rods, and the top of the electromagnet is in contact with the fixing frame 3.

[0010] Preferably, the transposition assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 1, three telescopic rods and two sliding seats 2, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly inserted into one side of one of the guide rails 1, one of the telescopic rods is arranged on one side of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and fixedly installed inside the guide rail 1, the other two telescopic rods are respectively fixedly installed on both sides inside the other guide rail 1, the two sliding seats 2 are respectively arranged inside the two guide rails 1, and the two sides of the sliding seat 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the adjacent hydraulic cylinder 1 and telescopic rod.

[0011] Preferably, the two sliding seats 2 are fixedly connected to the guide rail 2, and the opposite sides of the two sliding seats 2 are fixedly connected to the brake 1, and the brake 1 shell is slidably installed on the outside of the loading bracket, and a tilt sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the guide rails 1.

[0012] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes a base arranged at the bottom of the loading bracket, a forward and reverse motor four arranged on one side of the top of the base, an F-shaped frame fixedly installed on the outside of the forward and reverse motor four, and a pneumatic cylinder two arranged on the top of the F-shaped frame, the F-shaped frame is slidably installed on the outside of the loading bracket, the output end of the forward and reverse motor four is fixedly connected to the top side of the base, the outer side of the output end of the forward and reverse motor four is sleeved with a brake five, the brake five is fixedly connected to the F-shaped frame, the outer side of the pneumatic cylinder two is fixedly sleeved with a fixed frame six, the fixed frame six is ​​fixedly connected to the loading bracket, the piston end of the pneumatic cylinder two is fixedly connected to the F-shaped frame, the outer side of the loading bracket is fixedly connected to a limiting frame at a position away from the F-shaped frame, and a reserved groove is opened on the outer side of the loading bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the plug-in assembly includes a socket fixedly connected between two electric wires and a plug fixedly connected to one end of the cable, a transverse circular groove is provided on the outside of the plug, a bolt is threadedly connected to the outside of the socket, the blasting detonator and multiple gun muds are arranged inside the loading bracket and distributed from bottom to top, the detonating cord is fixedly connected to the blasting detonator and passes through multiple gun muds.

[0014] Preferably, the sliding position control assembly includes two forward and reverse motors three fixedly connected to the outside of the guide rail two, a U-shaped frame slidably installed on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder two, a hydraulic cylinder three and three T-shaped columns passed through the U-shaped frame, one end of the T-shaped column is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder two, the hydraulic cylinder three is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame, the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder three is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder two, the U-shaped frame is slidably installed inside the guide rail two, the output ends of the two forward and reverse motors three are fixedly connected to the drive shaft, the winding rack is fixedly installed on the outside of the winding rack, a pull wire is fixedly installed inside the winding rack, one end of the pull wire is fixedly connected to the connecting plate two, the connecting plate two is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame, a changing pulley is provided on the outside of the pull wire, the changing pulley is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rail two, a brake three and a brake four are sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft, the brake four is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rail two, the brake three is slidably installed on the top of the adjacent guide rail one, the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder two is fixedly connected to the fixing frame four, and the fixing frame four is fixedly connected to two pressure plates.

[0015] Preferably, the piston end of the pneumatic cylinder one is fixedly connected to the fixing frame five, the four pneumatic cylinders one are fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rail two, the fixing frame five is fixedly connected to a plurality of clamping rods on the side close to the guide rail two, and a plurality of clamping circular grooves are provided on both sides of the U-shaped frame and both sides of the guide rail two.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the present invention is used, the hydraulic cylinder 2 applies a certain pressure to the topmost gun mud through the pressure plate to complete the gun mud tightening work on one side, and accurately applies thrust to the gun mud according to the preset data, thereby ensuring the controllability, scientificity and rigor of the gun mud filling, ensuring the density of the gun mud after filling, reducing the fatigue of workers due to high-intensity work and the situation where the density of the gun mud filling cannot meet the requirements of the blasting design, ensuring the construction speed and quality, and after multiple gun mud tightening work, the hydraulic cylinder 2 will retract, and the pressure plate will leave the inside of the borehole to complete multiple gun mud filling work, and the inclination angle of the hydraulic cylinder 2 will be adjusted synchronously with the loading bracket. In the process of filling the gun mud into the inclined borehole, there will be no damage to the inside of the borehole, and the widening of the borehole will be avoided.

[0017] 2. When the present application is used, the forward and reverse motor 1 is controlled by the designed drilling data to work forward or reverse for a period of time, so that the carrier rotates clockwise or counterclockwise for a certain angle again, and the inclination angle of the loading structure is the same as the inclination angle of the drilling hole. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is controlled to extend or contract, and the sliding seat 2 is controlled to move, so that the loading bracket and the guide rail 2 are displaced synchronously. The loading bracket and the guide rail 2 are fine-tuned so that the bottom end of the loading bracket is accurately aligned with the drill hole on the ground, which can adapt to the need of filling gun mud inside the drill holes with different inclination angles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the angle control structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the position control structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the guide track 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of the U-shaped frame of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the guide track 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the structure at point A; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the winding frame of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing frame 4 of the present invention; Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the material carrier bracket of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the material loading bracket of the present invention; Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the socket of the present invention.

[0019] Numbers in the figure: 1. Tracked vehicle; 2. Support structure; 21. Sliding seat 1; 22. Fence; 23. Empty slot; 24. Threaded slot; 3. Angle control structure; 31. Guide rail 1; 32. Connecting plate 1; 33. Hydraulic cylinder 1; 34. Telescopic rod; 35. Sliding seat 2; 36. Brake 1; 37. Transmission shaft; 38. Brake 2; 39. Fixed frame 1; 310. Forward and reverse motor 1; 311. Fixed frame 2; 312. Fixed frame 3; 313. Support rod; 314. Universal wheel; 315. Forward and reverse motor 2; 316. Electromagnet; 4. Position control structure; 41. Guide rail 2; 42. U-shaped frame; 43. Hydraulic cylinder 2; 44. Fixed frame 4; 45. Pressure plate; 46. T-shaped column; 47. Hydraulic cylinder three; 48. Snap-fit ​​circular groove; 49. Fixed frame five; 410. Snap-fit ​​rod; 411. Pneumatic cylinder one; 412. Forward and reverse motor three; 413. Drive shaft; 414. Brake three; 415. Winding frame; 416. Pull wire; 417. Brake four; 418. Changing pulley; 419. Connecting plate two; 5. Loading structure; 51. Loading bracket; 52. Fixed frame six; 53. Pneumatic cylinder two; 54. F-shaped frame; 55. Forward and reverse motor four; 56. Brake five; 57. Base; 58. Limiting frame; 59. Reserved slot; 6. Detonator; 7. Detonating cord; 8. Electric wire; 9. Socket; 10. Plug; 11. Cable; 12. Horizontal circular groove; 13. Bolt; 14. Cannon mud; 15. Tilt sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: Figures 1-12As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device, comprising a tracked vehicle 1, a support structure 2, a blasting cap 6, a detonating cord 7, a plurality of taphole muds 14, two wires 8 and a cable 11, the two wires 8 are both passed through the detonating cord 7, a plug-in assembly is provided between the two wires 8 and the tracked vehicle 1, the support structure 2 supports an angle control structure 3, the angle control structure 3 supports a position control structure 4 and a loading structure 5, the angle control structure 3 includes two guide rails The present invention relates to a plurality of guide rails 1 31, a forward and reverse motor 2 315 and an electromagnet 316, a transposition component is provided between the two guide rails 1 31 and the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5, an adjustment component is provided between the forward and reverse motor 2 315 and the two guide rails 1 31, the position control structure 4 includes a guide rail 2 41, a hydraulic cylinder 2 43, four fixed frames 5 49 and four pneumatic cylinders 1 411, a sliding control component is provided between the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 and the guide rail 2 41, and the loading structure 5 includes a loading bracket 51 and an opening and closing component.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sliding seat 121 in the support structure 2 is slidably installed inside the truck bucket of the crawler vehicle 1. The bottom of the fence 22 fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat 21 is provided with an empty slot 23, and the empty slot 23 is opened at the top of the sliding seat 121. The bottom ends of the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5 pass through the empty slot 23 and extend to the bottom of the sliding seat 121. The empty slot 23 provides a channel for the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5 to change direction. The forward and reverse motor 2315 and the electromagnet 316 are fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat 121. 315 and the electromagnet 316 move synchronously with the sliding seat 21, and the relative positions of the forward and reverse motor 2 315 and the electromagnet 316 and the sliding seat 21 remain unchanged. By controlling the position of the sliding seat 21 inside the bucket of the tracked vehicle 1, the angle control structure 3, the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5 can be moved, making it convenient to store the angle control structure 3, the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5 inside the bucket of the tracked vehicle 1, and facilitating the transportation and storage of the angle control structure 3, the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the output end of the forward and reverse motor 2 315 in the adjustment component is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 3 312, and the top of the fixing frame 2 311 fixedly connected to one side of the top of the fixing frame 312 is fixedly connected to the forward and reverse motor 1 310. The output end of the forward and reverse motor 1 310 is fixedly connected to one of the guide rails 1 31, and two connecting plates 1 32 are fixedly connected between the two guide rails 1 31. Therefore, by controlling the forward and reverse motor 1 310 to rotate forward or reverse, the pitch angle of the guide rail 1 31 can be controlled.

[0024] A transmission shaft 37 is fixedly connected to one side of the guide track 31 away from the forward and reverse motor 310. A fixing frame 39 is fixedly connected between two brakes 2 38 sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft 37. The fixing frame 1 39 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 312. After the forward and reverse motor 310 finishes working, the two brakes 2 38 are controlled to work to brake the transmission shaft 37. The movement of the two guide tracks 1 31 is limited to ensure the stability of the guide track 1 31.

[0025] The top of the electromagnet 316 is in contact with the fixing frame three 312, and a plurality of support rods 313 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame three 312. The bottoms of the plurality of support rods 313 are rotatably installed with universal wheels 314, and the universal wheels 314 are against the sliding seat one 21. The plurality of support rods 313 and the plurality of universal wheels 314 transfer the force exerted on the fixing frame three 312 to the sliding seat one 21, thereby reducing the force exerted on the forward and reverse motor two 315 and the electromagnet 316, and ensuring the service life of the forward and reverse motor two 315 and the electromagnet 316.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 1 33 in the transposition assembly is fixedly inserted into one side of one of the guide rails 1 31, one of the telescopic rods 34 is arranged on one side of the hydraulic cylinder 1 33 and fixedly installed inside the guide rail 1 31, a sliding seat 2 35 is fixedly connected between the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 33 and the piston end of the telescopic rod 34, and the other two telescopic rods 34 are fixedly installed on both sides of the other guide rail 1 31, and a sliding seat 2 35 is fixedly connected between the piston ends of the two telescopic rods 34. The two sliding seats 2 35 are both fixedly connected to the guide rail 2 41, and the opposite sides of the two sliding seats 2 35 are fixedly connected to a brake 1 36, and the brake 1 36 shell is slidably installed on the outside of the loading bracket 51, and the loading bracket 51 and the brake 1 36 can be relatively displaced in the up and down directions. Under the action of the two guide rails 1 31, the two sliding seats 2 35 and the two brakes 1 36, the loading bracket 51 and the guide rail 2 41 are synchronously displaced left and right and synchronously perform pitch motion with the guide rail 1 31.

[0027] When the brake 1 36 is working, the two brakes 1 36 simultaneously apply a pushing force to the material carrier bracket 51 to clamp and fix the material carrier bracket 51.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 11As shown, the base 57 in the opening and closing assembly is arranged at the bottom of the loading bracket 51, and the F-shaped frame 54 fixedly installed on the outside of the forward and reverse motor four 55 is slidably installed on the outside of the loading bracket 51, and the F-shaped frame 54 can move up and down on the outside of the loading bracket 51. The fixed frame six 52 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pneumatic cylinder two 53 is fixedly connected to the loading bracket 51, and the piston end of the pneumatic cylinder two 53 is fixedly connected to the F-shaped frame 54. The output end of the forward and reverse motor four 55 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the base 57. After controlling the forward and reverse motor four 55 to work and drive the base 57 to rotate away from the bottom end of the loading bracket 51, the pneumatic cylinder two 53 is controlled to work and drive the F-shaped frame 54 to move up, which can control the base 57 to move up. The brake five 56 sleeved on the outside of the output end of the forward and reverse motor four 55 is fixedly connected to the F-shaped frame 54. After the forward and reverse motor four 55 finishes working, the brake five 56 is controlled to work to limit the base 57, so that the relative position between the base 57 and the F-shaped frame 54 remains unchanged.

[0029] A limiting frame 58 is fixedly connected to the outside of the loading bracket 51 at a position away from the F-shaped frame body 54. When the base 57 moves to the bottom of the loading bracket 51, the limiting frame 58 is partially stuck at the bottom of the base 57. The downward force exerted on the base 57 acts on the loading bracket 51, ensuring the stability of the base 57 in blocking the bottom of the loading bracket 51.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 10 and Figure 12 As shown, the socket 9 in the plug-in assembly is fixedly installed between the two wires 8, and the plug 10 fixedly connected at one end of the cable 11 is in an interference fit state with the socket 9. A transverse circular groove 12 is provided on the outside of the plug 10, and a bolt 13 is threadedly connected to the outside of the socket 9. The operating bolt 13 rotates and one end of the bolt 13 is inserted into the transverse circular groove 12 to complete the fixation of the plug 10 and the socket 9. The blasting cap 6 and multiple gun muds 14 are all arranged inside the loading bracket 51 and distributed from bottom to top. The detonating cord 7 is fixedly connected to the blasting cap 6 and passes through multiple gun muds 14.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a hydraulic cylinder three 47 and three T-shaped columns 46 are provided on the U-shaped frame 42 slidably installed on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder two 43 in the sliding control assembly. One end of the T-shaped column 46 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder two 43. The force generated by the hydraulic cylinder two 43 acts on the U-shaped frame 42 through the three T-shaped columns 46. The hydraulic cylinder three 47 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 42. The piston end of the hydraulic cylinder three 47 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder two 43 to control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder three 47, thereby controlling the left and right movement of the hydraulic cylinder two 43. The U-shaped frame 42 is slidably installed inside the guide rail two 41. The U-shaped frame 42 and the hydraulic cylinder two 43 can move up and down under the guide limit of the guide rail two 41.

[0032] A forward and reverse motor 3 412 is fixedly connected to both sides of the guide track 2 41, and the output ends of the two forward and reverse motors 3 412 are fixedly connected to a drive shaft 413. A pull wire 416 is fixedly installed inside a reeling frame 415 fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft 413. A connecting plate 2 419 fixedly connected to one end of the pull wire 416 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 42, and a change pulley 418 arranged on the outside of the pull wire 416 is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide track 2 41, and the change pulley 418 supports the pull wire 416. The support changes direction to ensure that the pull wire 416 stably transmits force to the U-shaped frame 42. Brake three 414 and brake four 417 are installed on the outside of the driving shaft 413. Brake four 417 is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rail two 41. Brake three 414 is slidably installed on the top of the adjacent guide rail one 31 and can move left and right synchronously with the forward and reverse motor three 412. The operation of brake three 414 and brake four 417 is controlled to brake the driving shaft 413, so as to brake the winding frame 415.

[0033] The piston end of the pneumatic cylinder 1 411 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 5 49. The four pneumatic cylinders 1 411 are all fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rail 2 41. Two pneumatic cylinders 1 411 are fixedly installed on the front side of the guide rail 2 41, and the other two pneumatic cylinders 1 411 are fixedly installed on the rear side of the guide rail 2 41. A plurality of clamping rods 410 are fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame 5 49 close to the guide rail 2 41. A plurality of clamping grooves 48 are provided on both sides of the U-shaped frame 42 and the guide rail 2 41. The outer diameter of the clamping rod 410 is the same as the inner diameter of the clamping groove 48. After the U-shaped frame 42 moves to the top of the inner cavity of the guide rail 2 41, the clamping groove 48 provided on the top of the outer side of the guide rail 2 41 is aligned with the clamping groove 48 provided on the U-shaped frame 42, controlling the pneumatic cylinder 1 411. The work pulls the fixed frame five 49 closer to the guide rail two 41, and the clamping rod 410 passes through the clamping circular groove 48 opened in the guide rail two 41 and is inserted into the clamping circular groove 48 opened in the U-shaped frame 42, so that the U-shaped frame 42 is limited and cannot move inside the guide rail two 41; after the U-shaped frame 42 moves to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide rail two 41, the clamping circular groove 48 opened at the outer bottom of the guide rail two 41 is aligned with the clamping circular groove 48 opened by the U-shaped frame 42, and the control pneumatic cylinder one 411 works to pull the fixed frame five 49 closer to the guide rail two 41, and the clamping rod 410 passes through the clamping circular groove 48 opened in the guide rail two 41 and is inserted into the clamping circular groove 48 opened in the U-shaped frame 42, so that the U-shaped frame 42 is limited and cannot move inside the guide rail two 41.

[0034] Specifically, the support structure 2, the angle control structure 3, the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5 constitute a tunnel top cutting and pressure relief device. Installing a human-machine interaction device on the crawler vehicle 1 to control the operation of the tunnel top cutting and pressure relief device is an existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] The working principle of the tunnel roof cutting pressure relief device is as follows: There are multiple threaded grooves 24 on the top of the sliding seat 21. After the sliding seat 21 that is slidably connected to the bucket of the tracked vehicle 1 is pulled to the right to the limit, the threaded grooves 24 on the sliding seat 21 are aligned with the threaded grooves 24 reserved inside the bucket of the tracked vehicle 1. Then, screws matching the threaded grooves 24 are used to fix the sliding seat 21 and the bucket of the tracked vehicle 1 together, thereby completing the adjustment of the support structure 2.

[0036] Subsequently, since a tilt sensor 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the guide rails 31, the tilt sensor 15 detects the tilt angle between the guide rail 31 and the horizontal plane, and the detection result of the tilt sensor 15 is fed back to the human-machine interaction device, the human-machine interaction device controls the forward and reverse motor 310 to work forward or reverse for a period of time, and the carrier composed of the two guide rails 31 and the two connecting plates 32 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise for a certain angle, so that the loading structure 5 supported by the carrier is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. After the forward and reverse motor 310 finishes working, the two brakes 38 work to brake the carrier, and the electromagnet 316 works to fix the iron fixing frame 3 by magnetic attraction. 312, the fixed frame three 312 is stationary, the loading rack and the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5 supported by the loading rack are stationary, so that the loading structure 5 and the position control structure 4 are kept perpendicular to the horizontal plane, which is convenient for the staff to put the detonating caps 6 and the gun mud 14 into the loading structure 5; if the borehole is not perpendicular to the horizontal plane, when the loading structure 5 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the forward and reverse motor 1 310 is controlled by the data of the designed drilling hole to work forward or reverse for a period of time, so that the loading rack is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise by a certain angle again, and the inclination angle of the loading structure 5 is the same as the inclination angle of the borehole, which can adapt to the need of filling the gun mud 14 inside the boreholes with different inclination angles.

[0037] Subsequently, the electromagnet 316 is controlled to stop working, the forward and reverse motor 2 315 is controlled to work forward or reverse, the orientation of the carrier plane is adjusted, the orientation of the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5 is adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 1 33 can be controlled to extend or contract, the sliding seat 2 35 can be controlled to move, so that the loading bracket 51 and the guide rail 2 41 are displaced synchronously, and the loading bracket 51 and the guide rail 2 41 are fine-tuned so that the bottom end of the loading bracket 51 is accurately aligned with the drilled hole on the ground.

[0038] Afterwards, the staff first placed the detonating cap 6 into the loading bracket 51. The detonating cap 6 was supported by the base 57 set at the bottom end of the loading bracket 51. Then, the staff placed the gun mud 14 into the loading bracket 51. The inner diameter of the gun mud 14 was slightly larger than the outer diameter of the detonating cord 7, so the gun mud 14 was put on the outside of the detonating cord 7. After multiple gun muds 14 were placed, the plug 10 was pressed into the socket 9, and then the socket 9 and the plug 10 were fixed by rotating the bolt 13, completing the installation of the plug 10 and the socket 9, and completing the connection between the cable 11 and the two wires 8.

[0039] Subsequently, the worker moves away from the position control structure 4 and the loading structure 5, and the human-machine interaction device controls the brake 1 36 to stop working. The loading bracket 51 loses the fixation of the brake 1 36, and the loading bracket 51 slides down under the action of gravity. After the loading bracket 51 slides down a certain distance, when the loading bracket 51 is close to the ground, the human-machine interaction device controls the two brakes 1 36 to work. The two brakes 1 36 clamp the loading bracket 51 to limit the position, completing the limiting work of the loading bracket 51, so that the bottom end of the loading bracket 51 stays at a position close to the ground, and then controls the forward and reverse motors 4 5 The working driving base 57 rotates away from the bottom of the loading bracket 51, so that the bottom of the detonating cap 6 is free from obstruction. At the same time, the two forward and reverse motors 3 412 are controlled to rotate forward, and the winding frame 415 rotates to wind up the pull wire 416. The pull wire 416 pulls the lower U-shaped frame 42 upward. When the U-shaped frame 42 and the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 move upward to the limit position, the pneumatic cylinder 1 411 is controlled to retract, so that the clamping rod 410 passes through the clamping circular groove 48 provided on the outer side of the guide rail 2 41 and then inserts into the clamping circular groove 48 provided on the outer side of the U-shaped frame 42, thereby restricting the position of the U-shaped frame 42.

[0040] Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder three 47 is controlled to work to push the hydraulic cylinder two 43 to move, so that the hydraulic cylinder two 43 moves to the top of the loading bracket 51, and then the hydraulic cylinder two 43 is controlled to extend to push the fixing bracket four 44 and the two pressure plates 45 to move downward. Since the outer diameter of the fixing bracket four 44 is smaller than the inner diameter of the loading bracket 51, the fixing bracket four 44 will not cause the cable 11 to be squeezed with the inner wall of the loading bracket 51. There is sufficient space between the two pressure plates 45. The two pressure plates 45 pass through the outside of the detonating cord 7. The blank position between the two pressure plates 45 faces the position of the cable 11. The cable 11 will not be damaged by the pressure plate 45. The pressure plate 45 pushes the gun mud 14 and the detonating detonator 6 to move downward, and pushes the detonating detonator 6 and multiple gun muds 14 to the Inside the borehole, when multiple gun muds 14 enter the borehole, the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 contracts, and the T-shaped column 46 leaves the loading bracket 51, completing the preliminary filling of the gun mud 14 and the detonating detonator 6, and the cable 11 has sufficient margin. The detonating detonator 6 moves down and pulls the plug 10 down, so that the detonating detonator 6, the detonating cord 7 and multiple gun muds 14 can be filled into the borehole at one time, and the arrangement of the cable 11 is completed. The detonating detonator 6, the detonating cord 7, and the gun mud 14 are always kept in a close state, avoiding the situation where there is soil and stones between the detonating detonator 6 and the gun mud 14 or between adjacent gun muds 14 during the process of filling the detonating detonator 6 and the gun mud 14 one by one, thereby ensuring the compactness of the filling of multiple gun muds 14 and the explosion effect.

[0041] Subsequently, the plurality of pneumatic cylinders 1 411 are controlled to work and extend, the connecting rod 410 is separated from the contact with the U-shaped frame 42, the U-shaped frame 42 is lost, the hydraulic cylinder 3 47 is controlled to work and retract, the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 returns to the inside of the U-shaped frame 42, the forward and reverse motor 3 412 is controlled to work in reverse, the pull wire 416 is unwound, the U-shaped frame 42 and the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 fall, and when the U-shaped frame 42 moves down to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide rail 2 41, the pneumatic cylinder 1 411 is controlled to work and pull the fixed frame 5 49 to move, and one end of the connecting rod 410 extends to the connecting rod 410 on the outside of the U-shaped frame 42. Inside the circular groove 48, the U-shaped frame 42 is limited, and then the hydraulic cylinder 1 33 is controlled to work and retract. The hydraulic cylinder 1 33 pulls the sliding seat 2 35 to move, so that the loading bracket 51 and the guide rail 2 41 move to the left synchronously. Since a reserved groove 59 is provided on the side of the loading bracket 51 close to the guide rail 2 41, the cable 11 can leave the inside of the loading bracket 51. The diameter of the fixing frame 44 is smaller than that of the loading bracket 51, so the plug 10 will still not be damaged. When the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 replaces the loading bracket 51 and is aligned with the drilled hole, the hydraulic cylinder 1 33 stops working.

[0042] Then the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 is controlled to work and extend to push the topmost gun mud 14, pushing the detonating cap 6 and the gun mud 14 to the bottom of the borehole, and finally the detonating cap 6 is against the bottom of the borehole, and multiple gun muds 14 are installed in place. The hydraulic cylinder 2 43 contracts for a period of time, and the pressure plate 45 moves up a distance. The human-computer interaction device controls the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 to work and extend. The hydraulic cylinder 2 43 applies a certain pressure to the topmost gun mud 14 through the pressure plate 45 to complete the tightening work of the gun mud 14 on one side, and accurately applies thrust to the gun mud 14 according to the preset data to ensure the controllability and scientificity of the gun mud 14 filling. and rigor, ensuring the density of the gun mud 14 after filling, reducing workers' fatigue caused by high-intensity work and the situation where the density of the gun mud 14 filling cannot meet the blasting design requirements, ensuring construction speed and construction quality, after multiple gun mud 14 tightening work, the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 works and contracts, and the pressure plate 45 leaves the borehole without completing multiple gun mud 14 filling work, and the inclination angle of the hydraulic cylinder 2 43 is adjusted synchronously with the loading bracket 51. In the process of filling the gun mud 14 into the inclined borehole, there will be no damage to the outer wall of the borehole, avoiding the occurrence of widening of the borehole.

[0043] Afterwards, after pulling up the loading bracket 51, the two brakes 36 are controlled to work to support the loading bracket 51, and the tracked vehicle 1 is controlled to work away from the drill hole. At the same time, the free end of the cable 11 is thrown out to complete the filling of the gun mud 14 of a drill hole. After completing the filling of the gun mud 14 of multiple drill holes, the free ends of multiple cables 11 are connected to the detonation control system. When the detonation control system is connected to the power supply for the plug 10, the two wires 8 will detonate the detonating cap 6 under the action of the plug 10 and the socket 9, and the detonating cord 7 that passes through multiple gun muds 14 will detonate multiple gun muds 14.

[0044] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device, comprising a tracked vehicle (1), a support structure (2), a blasting cap (6), a detonating cord (7), a plurality of taphole muds (14), two electric wires (8) and an electric cable (11), characterized in that: The two wires (8) are both passed through the detonating cord (7), and a plug-in assembly is provided between the two wires (8) and the tracked vehicle (1). The support structure (2) supports an angle control structure (3), and the angle control structure (3) supports a position control structure (4) and a loading structure (5). The angle control structure (3) includes two guide rails (31), a forward and reverse motor (315) and an electromagnet (316). The two guide rails (31) and the position control structure (4) are connected to the position control structure (5). A transposition component is provided between the structure (4) and the loading structure (5), an adjustment component is provided between the forward and reverse motor 2 (315) and the two guide rails 1 (31), the position control structure (4) includes the guide rail 2 (41), the hydraulic cylinder 2 (43), four fixed frames 5 (49) and four pneumatic cylinders 1 (411), a sliding control component is provided between the hydraulic cylinder 2 (43) and the guide rail 2 (41), and the loading structure (5) includes a loading bracket (51) and an opening and closing component.

2. A mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure (2) includes a sliding seat (21) slidably mounted inside the tracked vehicle (1), a fence (22) fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding seat (21), and a hollow groove (23) provided at the bottom of the fence (22); a plurality of threaded grooves (24) are provided on the top of the sliding seat (21); the hollow groove (23) is provided on the top of the sliding seat (21); the bottom ends of the position control structure (4) and the loading structure (5) pass through the hollow groove (23) and extend to the bottom of the sliding seat (21); the forward and reverse motor (315) and the electromagnet (316) are fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding seat (21).

3. The mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes a fixing frame three (312) fixedly connected to the output end of the forward and reverse motor two (315), a fixing frame two (311) fixedly connected to one side of the top of the fixing frame three (312), and a forward and reverse motor one (310) fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame two (311), the output end of the forward and reverse motor one (310) is fixedly connected to one of the guide rails one (31), and a transmission shaft (37) is fixedly connected to the side of the guide rail one (31) away from the forward and reverse motor one (310), and two brakes two (38) are sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft (37), and a fixing frame one (39) is fixedly connected between the two brakes two (38), and the fixing frame one (39) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame three (312).

4. A mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two connecting plates (32) are fixedly connected between the two guide rails (31), a plurality of support rods (313) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame (312), and universal wheels (314) are rotatably installed at the bottoms of the plurality of support rods (313), and the top end of the electromagnet (316) is in contact with the fixing frame (312).

5. The mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transposition assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder (33), three telescopic rods (34) and two sliding seats (35), wherein the hydraulic cylinder (33) is fixedly inserted into one side of one guide rail (31), one of the telescopic rods (34) is arranged on one side of the hydraulic cylinder (33) and fixedly installed inside the guide rail (31), and the other two telescopic rods (34) are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the other guide rail (31), and the two sliding seats (35) are respectively arranged inside the two guide rails (31).

6. The mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two sliding seats (35) are fixedly connected to the guide rail (41), and the two sliding seats (35) are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the brake (36). The outer shell of the brake (36) is slidably installed on the outside of the loading bracket (51), and a tilt sensor (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the guide rails (31).

7. The mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly includes a base (57) arranged at the bottom of the material loading bracket (51), a forward and reverse motor four (55) arranged on one side of the top of the base (57), an F-shaped frame (54) fixedly installed outside the forward and reverse motor four (55), and a pneumatic cylinder two (53) arranged on the top of the F-shaped frame (54), wherein the F-shaped frame (54) is slidably installed on the outside of the material loading bracket (51), the output end of the forward and reverse motor four (55) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the base (57), and the output end of the forward and reverse motor four (55) is sleeved outside. There is a brake five (56), the brake five (56) is fixedly connected to the F-shaped frame (54), the outer side of the pneumatic cylinder two (53) is provided with a fixed frame six (52), the fixed frame six (52) is fixedly connected to the loading bracket (51), the piston end of the pneumatic cylinder two (53) is fixedly connected to the F-shaped frame (54), the outer side of the loading bracket (51) is fixedly connected to a limiting frame (58) at a position away from the F-shaped frame (54), and a reserved groove (59) is provided on the outer side of the loading bracket (51).

8. The mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plug-in assembly comprises a socket (9) fixedly connected between two electric wires (8) and a plug (10) fixedly connected to one end of a cable (11); a transverse circular groove (12) is provided on the outer side of the plug (10); a bolt (13) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the socket (9); the blasting cap (6) and a plurality of the gun muds (14) are all arranged inside the loading bracket (51) and distributed from bottom to top; the detonating cord (7) is fixedly connected to the blasting cap (6) and passes through the plurality of gun muds (14).

9. The mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding position control assembly comprises two forward and reverse motors (412) fixedly connected to the outside of the guide rail (41), a U-shaped frame (42) slidably mounted on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder (43), a hydraulic cylinder (47) and three T-shaped columns (46) passing through the U-shaped frame (42), one end of the T-shaped column (46) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (43), the hydraulic cylinder (47) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (42), the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (47) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (43), the U-shaped frame (42) is slidably mounted inside the guide rail (41), the output ends of the two forward and reverse motors (412) are fixedly connected to the drive shaft (413), the outside of the drive shaft (413) is fixedly mounted with a winding frame (415), and the inside of the winding frame (415) is fixedly mounted with a reel. A pull wire (416) is fixedly installed on the top of the guide rail (41). One end of the pull wire (416) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (419). The connecting plate (419) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (42). A direction-changing pulley (418) is provided on the outside of the pull wire (416). The direction-changing pulley (418) is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rail (41). The outside of the drive shaft (413) is provided with a brake (414) and a brake (417). The brake (417) is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide rail (41). The brake (414) is slidably installed on the top of the adjacent guide rail (31). The piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (43) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (44). The fixing frame (44) is fixedly connected to two pressure plates (45).

10. The mechanically adjustable tunnel roof cutting and pressure relief device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The piston end of the pneumatic cylinder one (411) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame five (49), and the four pneumatic cylinders one (411) are fixedly installed on the outside of the guide track two (41). The fixed frame five (49) is fixedly connected to a side close to the guide track two (41) with multiple clamping rods (410), and multiple clamping circular grooves (48) are provided on both sides of the U-shaped frame (42) and both sides of the guide track two (41).

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