Low-noise double-piston type pneumatic actuating mechanism for AMT (automated mechanical transmission)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a low-noise double-piston type pneumatic actuating mechanism for an AMT (automated mechanical transmission), which comprises a three-position air cylinder, an oil injection sliding block and a power assembly, the three-position air cylinder comprises a main cylinder barrel and an auxiliary cylinder barrel, an auxiliary piston is slidably mounted in the auxiliary cylinder barrel, a main piston is slidably mounted in the main cylinder barrel, and the main piston is slidably mounted in the oil injection sliding block. One side of the three-position air cylinder is connected with a power assembly, the interior of the power assembly communicates with the interior of the three-position air cylinder, one end of the power assembly communicates with the interior of the main piston, lubricating oil is stored in the power assembly, and the main piston and the auxiliary piston are each provided with an oil spraying sliding block. The oil injection sliding block is arranged on the piston in the air cylinder, when the air cylinder carries out gear shifting operation, the oil injection sliding block injects lubricating oil in the air cylinder through air pressure change, the lubricating oil scours the interior of the air cylinder, and an oil-dust mixture is prevented from being accumulated in the air cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular to a low-noise double-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT. Background Art

[0002] AMT (Automated Mechanical Transmission) is an electronically controlled automatic transmission (AMT) that integrates a shift selector and clutch actuator into a traditional mechanical gear transmission. This allows for automated shifting of the transmission system to adapt to the actual road conditions encountered during vehicle operation, resulting in improved power and fuel economy, reduced driver fatigue, and improved ride comfort. Plug-in hybrid vehicles also utilize traditional gasoline engines, leading to their widespread adoption in commercial vehicles powered by alternative energy sources. The shifting mechanism of an AMT is replaced by a pneumatic shift selector actuator. This pneumatic actuator is typically a dual-piston, three-position cylinder type. The piston moves the clutch fork to change gears, resulting in a compact structure and high positioning accuracy. However, the cylinder inlet of a dual-piston, three-position cylinder is directly connected to the outside world and is not filtered. When the cylinder intake begins to draw air during a gear shift, dust enters the cylinder, damaging it and forming an oil-dust mixture that can cause piston motion problems and noise during operation of the pneumatic actuator.

[0003] To prevent dust in the air from entering the cylinder with the air when the cylinder is working, dust accumulation affects the normal operation of the pneumatic actuator. The utility model patent with application number CN202020515258.6 provides a truck transmission shift booster. The utility model sets a cylinder, an air intake mechanism, an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an air intake hole, an isolation mechanism, a fixed shell, a dustproof cloth, a sealing cover, a rotating shaft, a connecting shaft and a fixed shaft on the booster body. The connecting shaft with the dustproof cloth rolled up on the surface is inserted into the interior of the fixed shaft, one end of the dustproof cloth is passed through the opening of the side wall of the fixed shell, and then the sealing cover is threadedly connected to the end of the fixed shell. At this time, the rotation between the rotating shaft and the sealing cover is realized. As a high-performance sealing device, the booster can realize the rotation of the rotating shaft and the fixed shaft inside the fixed shell by pulling the dustproof cloth, and the dustproof cloth is clamped. In the groove between the upper cover and the lower cover, the dustproof cloth is at the bottom of the air inlet on the surface of the upper cover, which filters the air, prevents dust from entering the inside of the cylinder, protects the booster body, and ensures the boosting effect of the booster body. The dustproof cloth at the air inlet can be replaced by loosening the upper cover and pulling the dustproof cloth. However, the dustproof cloth cannot completely isolate the dust from entering the cylinder through the air inlet, and the dust will affect the air tightness of the booster. A small amount of dust will form an oil-dust mixture with the lubricating oil in the cylinder, and the reciprocating wear of the piston during operation will produce metal debris. The metal debris and oil-dust mixture accumulated inside the cylinder will increase the friction when the piston moves, affecting the operation of the pneumatic actuator.

[0004] Therefore, in order to prevent dust from entering the cylinder along with the air when the dual-piston pneumatic actuator is working, which may easily form an oil-dust mixture and cause the piston inside the cylinder to move unsmoothly, causing noise when the pneumatic actuator is working, a low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT. In order to prevent dust from entering the interior of the cylinder along with the air when the dual-piston pneumatic actuator is working, which may easily form an oil-dust mixture and cause the piston inside the cylinder to move unsmoothly, causing the pneumatic actuator to generate noise when working, an oil injection slider is provided on the piston inside the cylinder. When the cylinder is shifted, the oil injection slider sprays lubricating oil in the cylinder through changes in air pressure. The lubricating oil flushes the interior of the cylinder, preventing the oil-dust mixture from accumulating inside the cylinder.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with an air filter, and the camshaft is provided with

[0008] The three-position cylinder is formed by combining the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder. The vent hole connects the air pressure in the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder. The air inlet hole on the auxiliary cylinder is port A, the air inlet hole between the auxiliary cylinder and the main cylinder is port B, and the air inlet hole at the end of the main cylinder is port C. The three-position cylinder is connected to the reversing valve, which controls the air inlet and outlet of ports A, B, and C respectively. The end of the main piston extending out of the three-position cylinder is fixedly connected to the gearbox fork. The air source enters the three-position cylinder from port C, and ports A and B are exhausted through the reversing valve. The two pistons reach the left end position of the cylinder respectively. At this time, the main piston drives the gearbox fork to the first gear; the air source enters the three-position cylinder from port B, and ports A and B are exhausted through the reversing valve. The auxiliary piston is at the left end position of the auxiliary cylinder, and the main piston is at the right end position of the main cylinder. The main piston drives the gearbox fork to the second gear position; the air source enters the three-position cylinder from port A and port C. The B port is exhausted through the reversing valve, and the auxiliary piston is at the right end of the auxiliary cylinder. The auxiliary cylinder extends into the main cylinder. Due to the power difference between the two pistons, the main piston is limited by the auxiliary cylinder to the middle position of the main cylinder. At this time, the main piston drives the gearbox to the neutral position. The power assembly can store and release energy through the change of internal air pressure when the three-position cylinder shifts gears. When the three-position cylinder performs pneumatic shifting, the lubricating oil inside the power assembly passes through the inside of the main piston and is sprayed out from the oil injection slider. The lubricating oil sprayed from the oil injection slider can flush the inner wall of the three-position cylinder and maintain lubrication, thereby preventing dust from entering the interior of the cylinder with the air to form an oil-dust mixture when the three-position cylinder performs pneumatic shifting. The oil-dust mixture and metal debris generated by piston wear are prevented from mixing and accumulating inside the cylinder, increasing the friction when the piston moves, affecting the operation of the pneumatic actuator and causing noise when the pneumatic actuator works.

[0009] Preferably, the power assembly includes an accumulator and an accumulator airbag. Three oil flow holes corresponding to the air inlet holes are formed in the three-position cylinder. Buffer devices are fixedly installed on all three oil flow holes. A resilient check valve is arranged inside the buffer device. One end of the buffer device is communicated with the inside of the accumulator. A storage cavity is formed inside the buffer device. The accumulator airbag is fixedly installed inside the accumulator. The lubricating oil inside the accumulator is located above the accumulator airbag. A filter screen is arranged at the connection between the inside of the accumulator and the buffer device. Liquid flow channels are formed inside both the main piston and the auxiliary piston. The liquid flow channels are communicated with the inside of the accumulator through oil pipes.

[0010] By setting the power assembly as an accumulator and an accumulator airbag, the three-position cylinder is connected to the accumulator using a buffer device. The lubricating oil is located inside the accumulator and above the accumulator airbag. During the gear shifting process of the three-position cylinder, gas enters the three-position cylinder, and the internal air pressure of the three-position cylinder gradually increases and then remains at a constant pressure state. Since the inside of the three-position cylinder is communicated with the inside of the accumulator, the accumulator airbag will be compressed for energy storage. When the three-position cylinder switches from one gear to another, the air pressure at the exhaust position inside the three-position cylinder decreases, while the internal air pressure of the accumulator is higher than the air pressure at the air release part of the three-position cylinder at this time, and the accumulator airbag will release, squeezing the lubricating oil above the accumulator airbag into the liquid flow channel through the oil pipe. The resilient check valve prevents the lubricating oil from spraying into the three-position cylinder from the buffer device when the internal air pressure of the accumulator is higher than the internal air pressure of the three-position cylinder. After the lubricating oil is sprayed out from the oil injection slider, it can flow into the buffer device from the oil flow hole and finally flow back into the accumulator, realizing the reuse of the lubricating oil. The filter screen can filter out some dust in the lubricating oil, improving the cleanliness of the lubricating oil. The accumulator utilizes the air pressure change during the gear shifting of the three-position cylinder to achieve the flushing of the inner wall of the three-position cylinder by the lubricating oil, improving the synchronization rate during the operation of the mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of oil injection sliders are annularly arranged on both the main piston and the auxiliary piston. The oil injection sliders are installed on the main piston and the auxiliary piston in a limited sliding manner. Two oil injection flow channels I are symmetrically formed through the oil injection slider. The end of the liquid flow channel is in a "C" shape. When the oil injection slider moves horizontally, the oil injection flow channel I is communicated with the liquid flow channel.

[0012] By slidably mounting the oil injection slider on the upper limits of the main piston and the auxiliary piston, when the three-way cylinder performs the shifting operation, gas enters from the air inlet hole, and the air pressure in the three-way cylinder changes. The air pressure can push the oil injection slider to slide with limited position on the piston. When port C intakes air and port B exhausts air, the main piston moves to the left, and the air pressure will push the oil injection slider to protrude from the left side wall of the main piston. When port B intakes air and port C exhausts air, the main piston moves to the right, and the air pressure will push the oil injection slider to protrude from the right side wall of the main piston. When port A and port B intake and exhaust air, the oil injection slider on the auxiliary piston also moves in the same way. Under normal conditions, the oil injection flow channel 1 abuts against the inner wall of the piston, and the lubricating oil cannot be sprayed out from the oil injection slider. When the oil injection slider moves out of one side of the piston, the oil injection flow channel 1 is connected to the liquid flow channel, and the lubricating oil in the liquid flow channel will be sprayed out from the oil injection flow channel 1. The end of the liquid flow channel is in a "匚" shape to realize the connection with the two oil injection flow channels 1 on both sides of the oil injection slider, so that lubricating oil spraying and flushing can be carried out on both sides of the piston. The spraying direction of the lubricating oil follows the moving direction of the air pressure pushing the oil injection slider. The air pressure can improve the spraying effect of the lubricating oil and also facilitate the lubricating oil to flow into the accumulator for repeated use.

[0013] Preferably, two oil injection flow channels 2 are symmetrically and penetratingly opened inside the oil injection slider. The two oil injection flow channels 2 are located between the two oil injection flow channels 1. The end of the oil injection flow channel 2 is inclined at a 45° angle with the end face of the oil injection slider, and the end of the oil injection flow channel 1 is perpendicular to the end face of the oil injection slider. When the oil injection slider horizontally moves on the main piston and the auxiliary piston, the oil injection flow channel 2 is connected to the liquid flow channel.

[0014] By arranging the oil injection flow channel 2 on the oil injection slider, when the air pressure just starts to push the oil injection slider, the liquid flow channel is first connected to the oil injection flow channel 1, and the lubricating oil is sprayed out from the oil injection slider to vertically wash the inner wall of the three-way cylinder. When the oil injection slider continues to move to the limit position, the oil injection flow channel 1 is disconnected from the liquid flow channel, and the liquid flow channel is connected to the oil injection flow channel 2. At this time, the lubricating oil is sprayed out obliquely from the oil injection slider. The vertically sprayed lubricating oil first washes the oil-dust mixture around the piston to avoid incomplete cleaning, and the obliquely sprayed lubricating oil cleans in the direction of the piston movement to prevent the oil-dust mixture from accumulating on the inner wall of the three-way cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, a connecting groove is opened on the main piston. One end of the connecting groove penetrates the side wall of the main piston, and the other end is connected to the liquid flow channel of the main piston. A plug rod is vertically installed at the end of the auxiliary piston. The end of the plug rod is provided with an inclined angle. The inside of the plug rod is hollow, and the inside of the plug rod is connected to the liquid flow channel of the auxiliary piston. The width of the plug rod is the same as the width of the connecting groove. A trapezoidal block is elastically and slidably installed in the connecting groove. The trapezoidal block is located between the connecting groove and the liquid flow channel of the main piston. When the plug rod cooperates with the connecting groove, relative sliding occurs between the plug rod and the trapezoidal block.

[0016] By providing a connecting groove on the main piston, the auxiliary piston is connected to the main piston through an insert rod. When the three-position cylinder is in first gear or neutral, the end of the auxiliary piston abuts against the end of the main piston, the insert rod is inserted into the connecting groove, and the end of the insert rod and the end of the trapezoidal block slide relative to each other. The insert rod squeezes the trapezoidal block to make the trapezoidal block move within the connecting groove. At this time, the liquid flow channel in the auxiliary piston is connected with the liquid flow channel in the main piston, and the oil injection sliders on the main piston and the auxiliary piston can spray lubricating oil to flush the inner wall of the three-position cylinder, avoiding the need to set up an additional oil pipe for the auxiliary piston to be connected to the accumulator, saving production costs, and at the same time reducing the number of holes on the auxiliary piston and the connection with the oil pipe to avoid leakage.

[0017] Preferably, a cylindrical opening is provided in the buffer, the cylindrical opening is located below the storage chamber and is connected to the interior of the accumulator, a buoyancy one-way valve is provided on the upper part of the cylindrical opening, the elastic one-way valve is located at the lower part of the cylindrical opening, and the valve body of the elastic one-way valve moves in the direction of the accumulator.

[0018] By arranging two one-way valves inside the buffer, under normal conditions, the buoyancy one-way valve and the elastic one-way valve both block the cylindrical port, and the lubricating oil sprayed from the injection slider flows into the buffer from the oil flow hole and is temporarily stored in the storage chamber. The lubricating oil continues to flow to the cylindrical port, and the buoyancy one-way valve is affected by the buoyancy of the lubricating oil to open the cylindrical port. If the air pressure in the three-position cylinder is lower than the air pressure in the accumulator, the elastic one-way valve closes the cylindrical port. If the air pressure in the three-position cylinder continues to rise, the elastic one-way valve opens under the action of the air pressure, and the lubricating oil can flow back into the accumulator, while the elastic one-way valve can prevent the lubricating oil in the accumulator from being sprayed from the buffer into the three-position cylinder, so that the lubricating oil is normally sprayed from the injection slider when the three-position cylinder is shifting. Under normal conditions, the one-way valve closes the cylindrical port to prevent air from entering the accumulator, causing the internal lubricating oil to be in contact with the gas for a long time and easily oxidized.

[0019] Preferably, a sealing groove is opened in the main cylinder, and the sealing groove is located above the middle buffer and in the oil flow hole. A sealing plate is slidably installed in the sealing groove, and the sealing plate is set in an "L" shape. The auxiliary piston can push the sealing plate to move within the sealing groove.

[0020] By setting a sealing groove in the main cylinder, when the three-position cylinder is in the neutral position, the auxiliary piston moves to the right and pushes the seal to move within the sealing groove. The sealing plate blocks the oil flow hole in the middle. Since the neutral position is for air intake at ports A and C and exhaust at port B, the sealing plate blocks the oil flow hole corresponding to port B to prevent lubricating oil carrying air dust from continuously flowing into the accumulator from the oil flow hole in the middle position when exhausting from port B, thereby reducing the contamination of the lubricating oil by air dust.

[0021] Preferably, two semi-circular plates are symmetrically and elastically slidably mounted on the main piston. The two semi-circular plates are located on both sides of the liquid flow channel. The end of the semi-circular plate is provided with a rounded corner, and the end of the main cylinder barrel can limit the movement of the semi-circular plate to block the liquid flow channel.

[0022] By arranging semi-circular plates on the main piston, when the three-position cylinder is in the neutral state, the two semi-circular plates will be squeezed by the end of the main cylinder barrel, and the side walls of the two semi-circular plates will fit together to block the liquid flow channel. At this time, the lubricating oil in the liquid flow channel cannot enter the injection oil slider and spray out. In the neutral state, the injection oil slider on the main piston will be pushed by the air pressure to the left side of the main piston, and the inside of the three-position cylinder is in a pressure-holding state. The main piston does not move, and the injection oil slider does not move when it is on the left side of the main piston. If the liquid flow channel remains open, the injection oil slider will continuously spray oil at a fixed position. The semi-circular plate closing the liquid flow channel improves the stability of the equipment and ensures that the injection oil slider sprays and cleans under normal movement.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. By arranging an injection oil slider inside the three-position cylinder, when the three-position cylinder performs pneumatic shifting work, the lubricating oil inside the power component passes through the main piston and sprays out from the injection oil slider. The lubricating oil sprayed out by the injection oil slider can wash the inner wall of the three-position cylinder and maintain lubrication, avoiding the formation of an oil-dust mixture when dust follows the air into the cylinder during pneumatic shifting of the three-position cylinder, preventing the accumulation of the oil-dust mixture inside the cylinder from increasing the friction force when the piston moves, resulting in piston wear and generating metal debris inside the cylinder, and affecting the operation of the pneumatic actuator and causing noise during the operation of the pneumatic actuator.

[0025] 2. By connecting the three-position cylinder with the accumulator, the lubricating oil can flow from the injection oil slider into the buffer through the oil flow hole after spraying out, and finally flow back into the accumulator, realizing the reuse of the lubricating oil. The filter screen can filter out some dust in the lubricating oil and improve the cleanliness of the lubricating oil. The accumulator utilizes the air pressure change during the shifting of the three-position cylinder to achieve the flushing of the inner wall of the three-position cylinder by the lubricating oil and improve the synchronization rate during the operation of the mechanism.

[0026] 3. By setting the air pressure to control the movement of the injection oil slider on the piston, the end of the liquid flow channel is in a "C" shape, which can realize the connection with the injection oil flow channels 1 on both sides of the injection oil slider, enabling the lubricating oil to be sprayed and washed on both sides of the piston. The spraying direction of the lubricating oil follows the moving direction of the injection oil slider pushed by the air pressure. The air pressure can improve the spraying effect of the lubricating oil and also facilitate the flow of the lubricating oil into the accumulator for reuse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is the external structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the oil injection channel 1 and the liquid flow channel of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the second oil injection channel and the liquid flow channel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the insertion rod and the connecting groove of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention sealing the oil flow hole;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a semicircular plate closing a liquid flow channel according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buffer of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Three-position cylinder; 101. Main cylinder; 102. Auxiliary cylinder; 103. Vent; 104. Auxiliary piston; 105. Main piston; 106. Air inlet; 107. Oil flow hole; 108. Liquid flow channel; 109. Connecting groove; 110. Insert rod; 111. Sealing groove; 112. Sealing plate; 113. Port A; 114. Port B; 115. Port C; 2. Oil injection slider; 21. Oil injection channel 1; 22. Oil injection channel 2; 3. Power assembly; 31. Accumulator; 32. Energy storage airbag; 4. Buffer; 41. Storage chamber; 42. Filter; 43. Cylindrical port; 5. Trapezoidal block; 6. Buoyancy check valve; 7. Elastic check valve; 8. Semicircular plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0037] A low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT includes a three-position cylinder 1, an injection slider 2, and a power assembly 3. The three-position cylinder 1 includes a main cylinder 101 and an auxiliary cylinder 102. The main cylinder 101 and the auxiliary cylinder 102 are vertically connected to each other. A vent hole 103 is provided between the main cylinder 101 and the auxiliary cylinder 102. An auxiliary piston 104 is slidably installed in the auxiliary cylinder 102. A main piston 105 is slidably installed in the main cylinder 101. The auxiliary piston 104 can be extended into the main cylinder 101. One end of the main piston 105 extends to the three-position cylinder. 1, three air inlet holes 106 are opened on the three-position cylinder 1, one air inlet hole 106 is set on the auxiliary cylinder 102, and two air inlet holes 106 are set on the main cylinder 101. One side of the three-position cylinder 1 is connected to the power assembly 3, the interior of the power assembly 3 is connected to the interior of the three-position cylinder 1, and one end of the power assembly 3 is connected to the interior of the main piston 105. Lubricating oil is stored in the power assembly 3. The main piston 105 and the auxiliary piston 104 are both provided with an oil injection slide 2. When the three-position cylinder 1 is pneumatically shifted, the power assembly 3 can cause the lubricating oil to be sprayed from the oil injection slide 2. The interior of the three-position cylinder 1 is flushed. The main cylinder 101 and the auxiliary cylinder 102 are combined to form the three-position cylinder 1. The vent 103 connects the air pressure in the main cylinder 101 with that in the auxiliary cylinder 102. The air inlet 106 on the auxiliary cylinder 102 is port A 113. The air inlet 106 between the auxiliary cylinder 102 and the main cylinder 101 is port B 114. The air inlet 106 at the end of the main cylinder 101 is port C 115. The three-position cylinder 1 is connected to the reversing valve, which controls the air inlet and outlet of ports A 113, B 114 and C 115 respectively. The end of the plug 105 extending out of the three-position cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the gearbox shift fork. The air source enters the three-position cylinder 1 from the C port 115, and the exhaust is released through the reversing valve at the A port 113 and the B port 114. The two pistons respectively reach the left end position of the cylinder barrel. At this time, the main piston 105 drives the gearbox shift fork to the first gear position; the air source enters the three-position cylinder 1 from the B port 114, and the exhaust is released through the A port 113 and the B port 114. The auxiliary piston 104 is at the left end position of the auxiliary cylinder barrel 102, and the main piston 105 is at the right end position of the main cylinder barrel 101. The main piston 105 drives the gearbox shift fork to the second gear position.The air source enters the three-position cylinder 1 from port A 113 and port C 115, and is exhausted through the reversing valve at port B 114. The auxiliary piston 104 is at the right end of the auxiliary cylinder 102, and the auxiliary cylinder extends into the main cylinder 101. Due to the difference in force between the two pistons, the main piston 105 is limited by the auxiliary cylinder to the middle position of the main cylinder 101. At this time, the main piston 105 drives the gearbox to the neutral position, and the power assembly 3 can store and release energy through the change in internal air pressure when the three-position cylinder 1 shifts gears. When the three-position cylinder 1 performs pneumatic shifting, the lubricating oil inside the power assembly 3 passes through the main piston 105 and is sprayed out from the oil injection slider 2. The lubricating oil sprayed from the oil injection slider 2 can The inner wall of the three-position cylinder 1 is flushed and lubricated to prevent dust from entering the interior of the cylinder along with the air when the three-position cylinder 1 performs pneumatic shifting, and to prevent the oil-dust mixture and metal debris generated by piston wear from mixing and accumulating inside the cylinder to increase the friction when the piston moves, thereby affecting the operation of the pneumatic actuator and causing noise when the pneumatic actuator works; the power assembly 3 includes an accumulator 31 and an energy storage airbag 32, and three oil flow holes 107 corresponding to the air inlet 106 are provided on the three-position cylinder 1, and a buffer 4 is fixedly installed on the three oil flow holes 107, one end of the buffer 4 is connected to the interior of the accumulator 31, and a storage chamber 4 is provided in the buffer 4. 1 is used to store lubricating oil. The energy storage airbag 32 is fixedly installed inside the accumulator 31. The lubricating oil in the accumulator 31 is located above the energy storage airbag 32. A filter 42 is provided at the connection between the accumulator 31 and the buffer 4. A liquid flow channel 108 is provided inside the main piston 105 and the auxiliary piston 104. The liquid flow channel 108 is connected to the inside of the accumulator 31 through an oil pipe. During the shifting process of the three-position cylinder 1, gas enters the three-position cylinder 1, and the inside of the three-position cylinder 1 becomes a high-pressure state. Since the inside of the three-position cylinder 1 is connected to the inside of the accumulator 31, the energy storage airbag 32 will be compressed and stored. When the air pressure changes during the shifting process, The accumulator 32 is then released, squeezing the lubricating oil above it from the oil pipe into the fluid channel 108. The spring-loaded one-way valve 7 prevents the lubricating oil from spraying from the buffer 4 into the three-position cylinder 1 when the internal pressure of the accumulator 31 exceeds that of the three-position cylinder 1. After being ejected from the oil injection slider 2, the lubricating oil flows through the oil flow hole 107 into the buffer 4 and then back into the accumulator 31, thus enabling the reuse of the lubricating oil. The filter 42 removes some dust from the lubricating oil, improving its cleanliness. The accumulator 31 utilizes the pressure changes during the shifting of the three-position cylinder 1 to flush the inner wall of the three-position cylinder 1 with lubricating oil, thereby improving the synchronization rate during operation of the mechanism.

[0038] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 2 to 8, on both the main piston 105 and the auxiliary piston 104, two fuel injection sliders 2 are symmetrically and limit-slidingly installed. The fuel injection sliders 2 can move and extend out of the two side walls of the main piston 105 and the auxiliary piston 104 through the air pressure change in the three-way cylinder 1. Two fuel injection channels 21 are symmetrically penetrated through the fuel injection sliders 2. The end of the fuel injection channel 21 is perpendicular to the end face of the fuel injection slider 2. The end of the liquid flow channel 108 is set in a "C" shape. When the fuel injection slider 2 moves horizontally, the fuel injection channel 21 is connected to the liquid flow channel 108. When the three-way cylinder 1 is performing a gear shift operation, gas enters from the air inlet 106, and the air pressure in the three-way cylinder 1 changes. The air pressure can push the fuel injection slider 2 to perform limit sliding on the piston. If the C port 115 intakes air and the B port 114 exhausts air, the main piston 105 moves to the left, and the air pressure will push the fuel injection slider 2 to protrude from the left side wall of the main piston 105. If the B port 114 intakes air and the C port 115 exhausts air, the main piston 105 moves to the right, and the air pressure will push the fuel injection slider 2 to protrude from the right side wall of the main piston 105. When the A port 113 and the B port 114 intake and exhaust air, the fuel injection sliders 2 on the auxiliary piston 104 also move in the same way. Under normal conditions, the fuel injection channel 21 abuts against the inner wall of the piston, and the lubricating oil cannot be sprayed out from the fuel injection slider 2. When the fuel injection slider 2 moves out of one side of the piston, the fuel injection channel 21 is connected to the liquid flow channel 108, and the lubricating oil in the liquid flow channel 108 will be sprayed out from the fuel injection channel 21. The end of the liquid flow channel 108 is in a "C" shape, which can realize the connection with the two fuel injection channels 21 on both sides of the fuel injection slider 2, so that lubricating oil spraying and flushing can be carried out on both sides of the piston, improving the cleaning effect on the inner wall of the three-way cylinder 1; Two fuel injection channels 22 are symmetrically penetrated through the fuel injection slider 2. The two fuel injection channels 22 are located between the two fuel injection channels 21. The end of the fuel injection channel 22 is inclined at a 45° angle to the end face of the fuel injection slider 2. When the fuel injection slider 2 moves horizontally on the main piston 105 and the auxiliary piston 104, the fuel injection channel 22 is connected to the liquid flow channel 108. When the air pressure just starts to push the fuel injection slider 2, the liquid flow channel 108 is first connected to the fuel injection channel 21, and the lubricating oil is sprayed out from the fuel injection slider 2 to vertically flush the inner wall of the three-way cylinder 1. When the fuel injection slider 2 continues to move to the limit position, the fuel injection channel 21 is disconnected from the liquid flow channel 108, and the liquid flow channel 108 is connected to the fuel injection channel 22. At this time, the lubricating oil is sprayed out obliquely from the fuel injection slider 2, increasing the flushing force of the lubricating oil and further improving the cleaning effect on the inner wall of the three-way cylinder 1;A connecting groove 109 is provided on the main piston 105. One end of the connecting groove 109 passes through the side wall of the main piston 105, and the other end is connected to the liquid flow channel 108 of the main piston 105. The auxiliary piston 104 end is vertically mounted with a rod 110. The end of the rod 110 is provided with an inclined angle. The rod 110 is connected to the liquid flow channel 108 of the auxiliary piston 104. The width of the rod 110 is the same as the width of the connecting groove 109. A trapezoidal block 5 is elastically slidably installed in the connecting groove 109. The trapezoidal block 5 is located between the connecting groove 109 and the liquid flow channel 108 of the main piston 105. When the rod 110 cooperates with the connecting groove 109, the rod 110 and the trapezoidal block 5 slides relative to each other, and the auxiliary piston 104 is connected to the main piston 105 through the insertion rod 110. When the three-position cylinder 1 is in the first gear or neutral gear, the end of the auxiliary piston 104 abuts against the end of the main piston 105, and the insertion rod 110 is inserted into the connecting groove 109. The end of the insertion rod 110 slides relative to the end of the trapezoidal block 5, and the insertion rod 110 squeezes the trapezoidal block 5 so that the trapezoidal block 5 moves within the connecting groove 109. At this time, the liquid flow channel 108 in the auxiliary piston 104 is connected to the liquid flow channel 108 in the main piston 105, and the oil injection sliders 2 on the main piston 105 and the auxiliary piston 104 can spray lubricating oil to the inner wall of the three-position cylinder 1. The buffer 4 is provided with a cylindrical port 43, which is located below the storage chamber 41 and is connected to the inside of the accumulator 31. The upper part of the cylindrical port 43 is provided with a buoyancy check valve 6, and the valve body of the buoyancy check valve 6 can be moved upward. The lower part of the cylindrical port 43 is provided with an elastic check valve 7, and the valve body of the elastic check valve 7 can be moved downward. Under normal conditions, the buoyancy check valve 6 and the elastic check valve 7 both block the cylindrical port 43, and the lubricating oil sprayed from the injection slider 2 flows into the buffer 4 from the oil flow hole 107 and is temporarily stored in the storage chamber. In 41, the lubricating oil continues to flow toward the cylindrical port 43. The buoyancy check valve 6 is affected by the buoyancy of the lubricating oil and opens the cylindrical port 43. If the air pressure in the three-position cylinder 1 is lower than the air pressure in the accumulator 31, the elastic check valve 7 closes the cylindrical port 43. If the air pressure in the three-position cylinder 1 continues to rise, the elastic check valve 7 opens under the action of the air pressure, and the lubricating oil can flow back into the accumulator 31. The elastic check valve 7 can prevent the lubricating oil in the accumulator 31 from being sprayed from the buffer 4 into the three-position cylinder 1. When the three-position cylinder 1 is shifting, the lubricating oil can be sprayed out normally from the oil injection slide 2, ensuring the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the three-position cylinder 1.A blocking groove 111 is provided in the main cylinder 101. The blocking groove 111 is located above the middle buffer 4 and in the oil flow hole 107. A blocking plate 112 is slidably installed in the blocking groove 111. The blocking plate 112 is set in an "L" shape. The auxiliary piston 104 can push the blocking plate 112 to move within the blocking groove 111. When the three-position cylinder 1 is in the neutral position, the auxiliary piston 104 moves to the right to push the blocking plate 112 to move within the blocking groove 111. When the gear shifts, the blocking plate 112 blocks the oil flow hole 107 in the middle. Since the neutral position is the intake of port A 113 and port C 115 and the exhaust of port B 114, the blocking plate 112 blocks the oil flow hole 107 corresponding to port B 114 to prevent the lubricating oil carrying air dust from continuously flowing into the accumulator 31 from the oil flow hole 107 in the middle position when the port B 114 is exhausted, thereby reducing the pollution of the lubricating oil by air dust. Two semicircular plates 8 are installed. The two semicircular plates 8 are located on both sides of the liquid flow channel 108. The ends of the semicircular plates 8 are rounded to facilitate the end of the main cylinder 101 to squeeze the semicircular plates 8. When the three-position cylinder 1 is in the neutral state, the two semicircular plates 8 will be squeezed by the end of the main cylinder 101. The side walls of the two semicircular plates 8 fit together, blocking the liquid flow channel 108. At this time, the lubricating oil in the liquid flow channel 108 cannot enter the oil injection slide 2 and be sprayed. In the neutral state, the oil injection slide 2 on the main piston 105 is pushed to the left side of the main piston 105 by the air pressure, and the interior of the three-position cylinder 1 is in a pressure-maintaining state. The main piston 105 does not move, and the oil injection slide 2 does not move even when it is on the left side of the main piston 105. If the liquid flow channel 108 is continuously open, the oil injection slide 2 will continue to spray oil at a fixed position. The semicircular plate 8 closes the liquid flow channel 108, which improves the stability of the equipment and ensures that the oil injection slide 2 can spray and clean the oil under normal movement.

[0039] Working principle: The air source enters from port C 115, and is exhausted through the reversing valve at port A 113 and port B 114. At this time, the gearbox is in the first gear; the air source enters the three-position cylinder 1 from port B 114, and is exhausted through the reversing valve at port A 113 and port B 114. At this time, the gearbox is in the second gear; the air source enters the three-position cylinder 1 from port A 113 and port C 115, and is exhausted through the reversing valve at port B 114. At this time, the gearbox is in the neutral position. During the gear shifting process of the three-position cylinder 1, the gas enters the three-position cylinder 1, and the three-position cylinder 1 The interior becomes a high-pressure state. Since the interior of the three-position cylinder 1 is connected to the interior of the accumulator 31, the energy storage airbag 32 will be compressed and stored. When the air pressure changes during the gear shifting process, the energy storage airbag 32 will be released, squeezing the lubricating oil above the energy storage airbag 32 from the oil pipe into the liquid flow channel 108. At this time, the air pressure can push the oil injection slider 2 to slide on the piston. When the oil injection slider 2 moves out of one side of the piston, the oil injection flow channel 1 21 is connected to the liquid flow channel 108, and the lubricating oil in the liquid flow channel 108 will be discharged from the oil pipe. The oil injection channel 1 21 is sprayed out. When the oil injection slide 2 continues to move to the limit position, the oil injection channel 1 21 is disconnected from the liquid flow channel 108. The liquid flow channel 108 is connected to the oil injection channel 2 22. At this time, the lubricating oil is sprayed out obliquely from the oil injection slide 2 to flush the inner wall of the three-position cylinder 1. The lubricating oil sprayed from the oil injection slide 2 flows into the buffer 4 from the oil flow hole 107 and is temporarily stored in the storage chamber 41. The lubricating oil continues to flow to the cylindrical port 43. The buoyancy check valve 6 is affected by the buoyancy of the lubricating oil and the cylindrical port is opened. 43 is opened. If the air pressure in the three-position cylinder 1 is lower than the air pressure in the accumulator 31, the elastic one-way valve 7 will close the cylindrical port 43. If the air pressure in the three-position cylinder 1 continues to rise, the elastic one-way valve 7 will open under the action of the air pressure, and the lubricating oil will flow back to the accumulator 31. When the three-position cylinder 1 is in neutral, the auxiliary piston 104 moves to the right and pushes the blockage to move within the blocking groove 111. The blocking plate 112 blocks the oil flow hole 107 in the middle, and the side walls of the two semicircular plates 8 fit together to block the liquid flow channel 108.

[0040] A specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT, characterized in that: It includes a three-position cylinder (1), an oil injection slider (2) and a power component (3). The three-position cylinder (1) includes a main cylinder barrel (101) and an auxiliary cylinder barrel (102). The main cylinder barrel (101) is vertically and closely connected to the side wall of the auxiliary cylinder barrel (102). An air vent hole (103) is provided between the main cylinder barrel (101) and the auxiliary cylinder barrel (102). An auxiliary piston (104) is slidably installed in the auxiliary cylinder barrel (102), and a main piston (105) is slidably installed in the main cylinder barrel (101). The end of the auxiliary piston (104) extends into the main cylinder barrel (101), and one end of the main piston (105) extends to the outside of the three-position cylinder (1). Three air inlet holes (106) are provided on the three-position cylinder (1). One side of the three-position cylinder (1) is connected to a power component (3). The inside of the power component (3) is connected to the inside of the three-position cylinder (1), and one end of the power component (3) is connected to the inside of the main piston (105) and the auxiliary piston (104). Lubricating oil is stored inside the power component (3). Oil injection sliders (2) are provided on both the main piston (105) and the auxiliary piston (104). When the three-position cylinder (1) performs pneumatic gear shifting, the power component (3) can make the lubricating oil spray out from the oil injection slider (2) to wash the inside of the three-position cylinder (1).

2. A low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power component (3) includes an accumulator (31) and an accumulator air bag (32). Three oil flow holes (107) corresponding to the air inlet holes (106) are provided on the three-position cylinder (1). Buffer devices (4) are fixedly installed on all three oil flow holes (107). A resilient one-way valve (7) is provided inside the buffer device (4). One end of the buffer device (4) is connected to the inside of the accumulator (31). A storage cavity (41) is provided inside the buffer device (4). The accumulator air bag (32) is fixedly installed inside the accumulator (31). The lubricating oil in the accumulator (31) is located above the accumulator air bag (32). A filter screen (forty-two) is provided at the connection between the inside of the accumulator (31) and the buffer device (4). Liquid flow channels (108) are provided inside both the main piston (105) and the auxiliary piston (104). The liquid flow channels (108) are connected to the inside of the accumulator (31) through oil pipes.

3. A low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of oil injection sliders (2) are arranged in a ring on both the main piston (105) and the auxiliary piston (104). The oil injection sliders (2) are installed on the main piston (105) and the auxiliary piston (104) in a limited sliding manner. Two oil injection flow channels one (21) are symmetrically penetrated through the oil injection slider (2). The end of the liquid flow channel (108) is in an "L" shape. When the oil injection slider (2) moves horizontally, the oil injection flow channel one (21) is connected to the liquid flow channel (108).

4. A low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil injection slider (2) has two oil injection flow channels (22) symmetrically extending therethrough. The two oil injection flow channels (22) are located between the two oil injection flow channels (21). The ends of the oil injection flow channels (22) are inclined at a 45° angle to the end face of the oil injection slider (2). The end of the oil injection flow channel (21) is perpendicular to the end face of the oil injection slider (2). When the oil injection slider (2) moves horizontally on the main piston (105) and the auxiliary piston (104), the oil injection flow channel (22) is connected to the liquid flow channel (108).

5. The low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main piston (105) is provided with a connecting groove (109), one end of the connecting groove (109) passes through the side wall of the main piston (105), and the other end is communicated with the liquid flow channel (108) of the main piston (105). The end of the auxiliary piston (104) is vertically mounted with an insertion rod (110), the end of the insertion rod (110) is provided with an inclination angle, the interior of the insertion rod (110) is hollow, and the interior of the insertion rod (110) is communicated with the liquid flow channel (108) of the auxiliary piston (104), the width of the insertion rod (110) is the same as the width of the connecting groove (109), a trapezoidal block (5) is elastically slidably mounted in the connecting groove (109), the trapezoidal block (5) is located between the connecting groove (109) and the liquid flow channel (108) of the main piston (105), and when the insertion rod (110) and the connecting groove (109) are engaged, the insertion rod (110) and the trapezoidal block (5) slide relative to each other.

6. The low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cylindrical opening (43) is provided in the buffer (4), the cylindrical opening (43) is located below the storage chamber (41) and is communicated with the interior of the accumulator (31), a buoyancy check valve (6) is provided on the upper portion of the cylindrical opening (43), the elastic check valve (7) is located at the lower portion of the cylindrical opening (43), and the valve body of the elastic check valve (7) moves in the direction of the accumulator (31).

7. A low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blocking groove (111) is provided in the main cylinder (101). The blocking groove (111) is located above the middle buffer (4) and in the oil flow hole (107). A blocking plate (112) is slidably installed in the blocking groove (111). The blocking plate (112) is configured in an "L" shape. The auxiliary piston (104) can push the blocking plate (112) to move within the blocking groove (111) in a limited manner.

8. The low-noise dual-piston pneumatic actuator for AMT according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two semicircular plates (8) are symmetrically and elastically slidably mounted on the main piston (105). The two semicircular plates (8) are located on both sides of the liquid flow channel (108). The ends of the semicircular plates (8) are provided with chamfered corners. The end of the main cylinder (101) can limit the movement of the semicircular plates (8) to block the liquid flow channel (108).

Images